Neutrino Factory and INO

Debasish Majumdar

Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics

Kolkata, INDIA

NuGoa09, Internatinal Centre, Goa

Neutrinos from Neutrino Factory

• Protons are made to impinge on a target• Pions are produced• Pions decay to muons• Muons decay to produce neutrinos - - - + e + e-

→ Muon decay length (ct) ~ 126 km (Eμ = 20 GeV)

(Too long)

→ Use muon storage ring instead

→ Typical design Two straight sections connected by two arcs

→ A straight section points towards desired neutrino physics experiment

Beyond Superbeam - Neutrino Beyond Superbeam - Neutrino FactoryFactory

7000 KM

Iron Calorimeter (ICAL) Detector atIndia-based Neutrino Observatory

• Modular structure• Stacks of 6cm thick iron layers (140 layers in total)

interleaved with 2.5cm gaps to accommodate RPC detectors

• Dimension of each module

16 m X 16 m X 12 m

• Mass of the ICAL detector = 50 kTon

(can be achieved by placing 3 modules along x-direction)

Dimension → 48 m X 16 m X 12 m

INO Detector ConceptINO Detector Concept

,E

LA

2

27.1sin2sinsin

E

L27.1sin2sinsin

E

LA

2

27.1sin2sincos1P

m3232

223

2m13

2

m32

2m13

223

4

m3232

223

2m13

2

ENG22A eF

Magic Baseline

Issues Addressed Using Neutrino Oscillation

(with INO as the end detector)

• Wrong sign muons

• Reach of sin2213

• Simulation of Neutrino factory neutrinos at INO (preliminary)

Baseline lengths are under study

1) Rutherford-INO Baseline (7612 km)

Defined as the value of 13 and hence sin2213 for which wrong sign

muon signal yield is just above the statistical error.

Different Boost gives different reach for sin2213

The variation of E with sin22

13 reach is obtained.

Such variation for inverted mass hierarchy and other CP-violation value are being calculated.

Reach of sin2213

SIMULATIONS WITH ICAL DETECTOR

Given the detector specifications and neutrino flux from Neutrino factory it generates neutrino events at ICAL (product particles and their production vertex at ICAL)

b) GEANT 3.2 Simulation Code

The outputs of NUANCE are the inputs to GEANT

a) NUANCE event generator

GEANT propagates the product particles through ICAL andGives as outputs, their hit points, momenta, time information etc.

c) Analyse the GEANT output

Resulting Output is Oscillated Nuance Data

GENERATING GENERATING OSCILLATEDOSCILLATED EVENTS USING NUANCE EVENTS USING NUANCE

Output details : Event no., particle id,Output details : Event no., particle id, x, y, z, px, y, z, pxx, p, p

yy, p, pzz

Oscillation probabilityOscillation probability

P(P() )

Case I: Oscillation incorporated inside NUANCE itself

Case II: From NUANCE output , prob. of each event is calculated using the oscillation formula

Now after each event call a random number. Now after each event call a random number.

If prob.> Random number, then that event survives. If prob.> Random number, then that event survives.

If prob.< Random number, then that event is ignoredIf prob.< Random number, then that event is ignored

Nuance Data Only No. of events = 187858 (no osc) = 127677(with osc)

50 kTon x 1 year

Nuance Data Only

Summary :

Some physics studies have been made for possible neutrino beams from a possible Neutrino Factory at UK with ICAL at INO as the End-detector.

The baseline length of 7613 Km is considered (Rutherford lab INO)

sin2213 reach ~ 0.00002 (13 < 0.5o ) at INO is obtained for E ~ 75 GeV.

The effect of CP-violation and of mass hierarchy on sin2213 reach are also to be studied.

Collaborators :

Sudeb Bhattacharya

Kamales Kar

Ambar Ghosal

Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India