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Neuropsychology. Or Ion Channels, Action Potentials, and other “shocking” things about the brain (the most “current” information available!). The Neuron. Basic Unit of Neuropsychology Golgi Stain shows anatomy of neurons Nissl Stain shows number of neurons in a given area. The Neuron. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Ion Channels, Action Potentials, and other “shocking” things about the brain (the most
“current” information available!)
Basic Unit of Neuropsychology
Golgi Stain shows anatomy of neurons
Nissl Stain shows number of neurons in a given area
Because of excess K+ ions inside the cell membrane the neuron is polarized
When enough excitatory neurotransmitters bind, the neuron depolarizes and ‘fires’
Place an electrode on a single neuron and measure the frequency of firing.
Can also do single cell stimulation – pleasure center studies
Strokes
Aspiration Lesions
Cryogenic Blockade
External Injuries – Picture is Phineas Gage’s actual skull!
Spatial Resolution – How close in physical proximity you can get to the target brain area
Temporal Resolution – How close in time you can get to when the neurons fire
Invasiveness – The extent to which foreign substances are introduced to the body.
Cost – All are really expensive
Measures O2 flow to different brain areas
Good Spatial Resolution, poor temporal resolution, completely non-invasive
Measures 2-deoxyglycose flow to brain areas
Excellent Spatial Resolution, poor temporal resolution, somewhat invasive
Measures magnetic signals associated with neural firing in brain areas
Poor spatial resolution, excellent temporal resolution, completely non-invasive
Measures light absorption associated with neural firing in brain areas
Good, but limited spatial resolution, excellent temporal resolution, completely
non-invasive
Sends current through the scalp to activate different neural regions
Good Spatial Resolution, Excellent temporal resolution, highly invasive
Good Neuropsych studies look for dissociations:
Brain Area 1
Brain Area 2
Task 1 Task 2
Activation
ActivationNo
Activation
No Activation
Hippocampal lesions and the case of H.M.
Anterograde vs. Retrograde Amnesia
Short Term vs. Long Term Memory
Implicit vs. Explicit Memory
Bilateral Removal of the Hippocampus
Famous dissociation is the Fusiform Gyrus