Neural Probes - NeuroNexusneuronexus.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/2018NeuralProbesBro… · that meets your needs. Once you have selected an electrode array design, match it to

Neural ProbesState-of-the-art Microelectrode Arrays

View all our products at neuronexus.com

Industry leading.NeuroNexus neural probes are at the forefront of neural interface technology.

• Record and stimulate with single units, multiple units, and local field potentials (LFPs)

• Silicon and Polymer MEMs technologies ensure highly reproducible mechanical, geometric, and electrical characteristics

• Configure a Standard probe with over 100 electrode array designs, or design your own custom probe

• Augment your probe with optical fibers or fluidic tubes for combined electrophysiology and optogenetics or drug delivery applications

• Ultra-flexible Surface probes and Nerve cuffs conform to brain and nerve surfaces for recording and stimulation

• Trace amounts of ferromagnetic material in MR-compatible probes allow for minimal distortion during MR imaging

Cover: Closeup of a Buzsaki256 electrode arrayLeft, Top: Closeup of Deep Brain Stimulation probe (rDBSA); 32-channel Optoelectrode with 4 fibersLeft, Bottom: SmartProbe with modular on-board electronics

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Standard Probes

SmartProbe

sDrive

Optogenetics

Matrix Array

Vector Array

Surface Probes (ECoG)

EEG Probes

Nerve Cuffs

Qtrode (4 Channel)

Drug Delivery + Chemical Sensing

MRI

Deep Brain Stimulation

Microdrives

Tools + Accessories

All-Angle Arm

Insertion Tool

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C O N T E N T S

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Standard Probes

S P E C I F I C A T I O N S

ElectrodeSite Material

Electrode Thickness

ElectrodeLength

Channel Count

Iridium (standard),Platinum (custom),Gold (custom)

15 µm or 50 µm (varies by design)

2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 15 mm (varies by design)

8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 (varies by design)

Industry-standard silicon probes with precise characteristics. Record and stimulate single units, multiple units, and local field potentials.

NeuroNexus Standard Probes are fabricated using state-of-the-art silicon MEMS technology. Our technology has been refined to produce smaller and more versatile devices with precise and highly reproducible mechanical, geometric, and electrical characteristics. As a result, NeuroNexus users can expect consistent recording results every time they use our probes.

NeuroNexus offers a wide variety of silicon electrode arrays for single-unit, multi-unit, and local field potential (LFP) recording and stimulation. To help researchers target different structures in the brain, Standard electrodes come in a vast collection of designs, each with different parameters, including: length (to span cortical layers), number of shanks (to span cortical columns), electrode site area (to target individual or groups of neurons), electrode site spacing (to target specific areas), and site layout (see next page).

To start configuring a probe, find an electrode array that meets your needs. Once you have selected an electrode array design, match it to a connector package so it can interface with your headstage.

Above: A32 (left) and CM16LP (right) Packages

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Linear electrode arrays allow for a longer area of coverage than a single tip site. Linear electrode arrays fit the widest range of applications.

Edge sites are similar to the Linear layout, but electrode sites are strategically positioned at the edge of the substrate.

A Tetrode is an arrangement of four electrode sites placed close together, allowing for high-quality cell discrimination in recordings.

Polytrodes have a mix of linear and tetrode benefits, with sites close enough together to allow multiple representation across different sites, while sampling a larger space.

Multi-shank electrode arrays provide a 2D representation of the brain. By controlling shank and site spacing, a more detailed understanding can be obtained of a larger space in the brain.

S I T E L AY O U T

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SmartProbe


Channel Count

A/D Converter

Sampling Rate

Signal Bandwidth

16, 32, 64, 128, 256

16-bit ADC

Up to 30 kSamples/s

0.1-100 Hz250 Hz -7.5 kHz

Above: 128 channel SmartProbeBelow: The SmartBox is a portable control and acquisition

system that can record 256 channels from up to 4 independent experiments.

Enabling high channel count electrophysiology in a compact form factor.

The SmartProbe™ combines reusable modular on-package electronics with NeuroNexus neural electrode arrays, enabling high channel count recording in an ultra-compact form factor.

The on-board electronics digitize neural signals at the implant site, minimizing both the overall implant size as well as noise from connectors and movement.

Miniaturization is achieved through the reduction of the output connector lead count, allowing a large number of channels (up to 256) to be multiplexed through a standard mini HDMI cable. Connection force is reduced, so daily connections take place more reliably.

The SmartProbe™ can be configured from any Standard NeuroNexus electrode array. A control and acquisition system such as the SmartBox™ or any Intan-compatible system is needed. No headstage is required.

10 mm

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sDrive

Left: SmartDrive on Marmoset skull

Based on the succesful dDrive, the SmartDrive integrates a 128-channel headstage with a compact and lightweight microdrive.

The SmartDrive utilizes a removable headstage to keep weight off the animal when not recording. An anisotripic film connector enables a low connection force, and the headstage is connected with a simple rotation and tightening with the interconnect ring.

The SmartDrive features a customizable 3D-printed base to fit various skull shapes.

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Optogenetics


Fiber

Outer Diameter

Weight (Coupler)

Transmission

Numerical Aperture

Durability

Rotation Test

Connection Strength

Fused silica, 50 µm or 105 µm core, multi-mode

62.5 µm (etched), 125 µm, or 400 µm

< 0.5 g

> 75% (50 µm core to 105 µm core)

0.22, 0.66

< 5% transmission variability after 40 connections

< 2% variation over 1 rotation

> 300 g before latch separation (typical)

Highly customizable probes for combined optical stimulation and neural recording.

NeuroNexus offers a wide range of products to support optogenetics research. Our optogenetics line includes optoelectrodes, implantable fibers, light source systems, and accessories. If you are new to the field of optogenetics, we also offer smartly bundled optogenetics packages with the equipment you need to get started.

Any Standard electrode array can be configured as an optoelectrode to enable concurrent optical stimulation and neural recording. An optical fiber (125 µm or 400 µm outer diameter) is placed on the top of the shank, and terminates 200 µm above the proximal site (distance can be customized on request).

NeuroNexus now offers multi-fiber optoelectrodes for expanded optogenetics applications in a compact, robust package. Using acid etched optical fibers (65 µm), up to 8 fibers can be attached to each probe (one fiber per electrode array shank). Because of the physical limitations of optical fibers and NeuroNexus microelectrode arrays, there are some design constraints. Multi-fiber optoelectrodes are only available in LP (bare ferrule) packages.

Above: Multi-fiber optrode. Inset: Etched fibers on array.

Etched Optical Fibers

Electrode Sites

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Matrix Array™


Channel Count

X Span

Y Span

Z Span

Array Spacing(See Y Span)

Cable Length


Electrode Thickness

Available Packages

64, 128, 256

Up to 1.8 mm

0.6 mm - 3 mm

Up to 15 mm

200 µm, 300 µm, 600 µm, 800 µm, 1000 µm (specify when ordering)

30 mm (Customizable)

Iridium

50 µm

Large Animal Chronic, Small Animal Chronic, Smart, MRI, Acute

3-dimensional recording to span cortical columns and layers. Versatile configurations and reliable performance.

The Matrix Array™ is our 3-dimensional probe, designed with proven silicon technology and optimized for both acute and chronic experiments in animal models as large as non-human primates. The Matrix Array™ concurrently spans cortical columns and layers, covering a volume of tissue and interfacing with large populations of neurons.

The support structure of the Matrix Array™ is a silicon platform where our industry-standard 2D silicon electrodes can be installed. Both the slot spacing and the 2D electrode arrays can be customized, giving you unsurpassed flexibility in customizing a true 3D probe capable of spanning any anatomical structure. An ultra-flexible cable assembly connects the Matrix Array™ to conventional percutaneous connectors.

An extensive set of tools (including a measurement tool, mock assembly, screws etc.) is provided with every order to maximize your success rate. Top: A 5mm Matrix Array™ being inserted with our

computer-controlled insertion tool.Bottom: Illustration of Matrix Array™ platform

showing four 2D arrays installed, allowing electrode sites to record and stimulate in 3D space.

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Depth Probes (32 channels each)

2 mm

10 mmThe Matrix Array™ is capable of highly flexible configurations. A wide variety of configurations expands traditional recording areas, interfacing with anything from the brain surface to subcortical structures. Specify a single probe assembly, or select dual probe assemblies for multiple implant locations. Configure a combination with surface grids and penetrating shanks to interface with both the brain surface and the cortex. Mix short and long shanks in a single array to record and stimulate in both cortical and subcortical structures up to 10 millimeters deep.

For more information, see our Primate Catalog.

Clockwise, from top left: Single platform Matrix Array™, Dual Platform Matrix Array™, Multiple Matrix Array™ Platforms combined with Surface Grid, Single Matrix Array™ Platform with Surface Grid

Above: Configuring a single Matrix Array™ Platform with different probe lengths allows targeting of different regions in the brain.

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Vector Array™

Silicon ElectrodeLength

Support Tube Length

Site Layout

Site Coverage

Silicon Electrode Width

Channel Count

Support Body Diameter

10 mm or 15 mm

60 mm or 100 mm (add electrode length to obtain implantable length)

Edge or Poly2 (customizable)

375 µm to 6300 µm, depending on design

20 µm (min), ≈ 175 µm (max)

16, 32, 64

315 µm OD (16-ch)400 µm OD (32-ch, 64-ch)

TOP: 32-channel (above) and 16-channel (below) Vector Arrays™

BOTTOM: Distal end of the Vector Array™, showing silicon electrode array with optional optical fiber augmentation.


Deep brain recording and stimulation in a sturdy and cost-effective package. Optogenetics-capable.

The Vector Array™ is a probe design optimized for large animal deep brain applications (e.g. non-human primate, porcine, etc). The probe design is completely overhauled to fully take advantage of our industry-leading silicon probe technology.

The proximal body of the Vector Array™ is made of a rigid metal tube (Support Body), while the distal end interfacing with the target region is a customizable NeuroNexus silicon electrode array. This hybrid assembly combines a high-quality, proven neural interface at the critical region while providing the elongated probe system with a robust body. A strengthened 200 µm version is available to penetrate dura; visit our YouTube channel to see this in action.

Support Body

Silicon Shank

Electrode Sites (vary by design) Optical Fiber

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Surface Probes: ECoG

S P I K ER A S T E R

L F P F R O M D E P T H P R O B E

E C O G


Array Thickness

CableLength

Channel Count

Platinum

15 µm

5, 6, 10, 20, 30 mm (varies by design)

16, 32, 64 (varies by design)


Flexible polymer surface grids with high recording resolution.

Surface electrode arrays are fabricated using our polymer MEMS technology, resulting in an ultra-flexible substrate designed to conform to the brain surface. These arrays are designed for recording physiological signals (such as EEG, ECoG, EMG, and ECG) from a variety of structures including brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerve, and heart. (See our neurocardiology catalog for more detail.) These surface probes can stimulate with appropriate electrode site optimization. They may be combined with Standard probes to establish concurrent surface and depth interfaces.

NeuroNexus offers a variety of catalog designs suitable for use in species ranging from mice to non-human primates.

Above: Examples of Surface ProbesAbove: Simultaneous recordings of ECoGs (with a Surface Probe) and spiking activity (with a depth probe)

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Recordings: preliminary results

Surface Probes: EEG


Array Thickness

Platinum

20 µm


Optimized surface arrays for stable electroencephalogram recording.

When placed over the skull, NeuroNexus surface arrays with optimized designs can be used to record electroencephalograms (EEG).

NeuroNexus EEG arrays can be easily attached to the skull with dental cement. Stable signals have been obtained over several months.

Top: Illustration of Mouse EEG GridBottom: Illustration of Primate EEG Grid

Above: Data samples from a mouse EEG experiment.

(Courtesy of Dr. Liset de la Prida)

1 mm

1 mm

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NerveCuffs


Array Thickness

Platinum

20 µm


High-quality, high-resolution recording and stimulation with peripheral nerves.

NeuroNexus Nerve Cuffs are ultra-flexible and durable polymer grids that are pre-curved to wrap around nerve bundles as small as 300 µm. The array can easily be implanted and anchored with sutures.

Above: Cuff electrodes wrapped around nerve bundle.

Cuffs can be pre-curved to nerve diameter.

9 mm

C24 Cuff designed for 900 µm

diameter nerve (customizable)

Above: Pre-curved C24 Cuff

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Qtrode: 4 channelprobes


Electrode Thickness

ElectrodeLength

Site Layout

Channel Count

Options

Iridium (standard)


3, 5, 10 mm (varies by design)

Linear or Tetrode

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Acute, Chronic (CQ4), Chronic Hybrid (HQ4), Optical fiber, EIB/QIB


Low-cost 4-channel probes with exact, reproducible geometry.

The Qtrode is a 4-channel probe ideal for acute and chronic experiments requiring lower channel counts, or for replacing wires. Qtrodes utilize the same technology as our Standard probes (p.4), and are stocked for fast delivery.

Qtrodes can reach structures as deep as 10 mm, and Linear site layouts can span depths of 150 µm, 300 µm, or 600 µm. Adaptors are available to interface with commonly available headstages. The Qtrode is also available for chronic use with head-mounted microdrives (dDrive or oDrive, p.18)

Above: HQ4 (left) and CQ4 (right) Packages

Above: Linear (left) and Tetrode (right) site layouts

Above: The Electrode Interface Board (EIB) allows multiple

Qtrodes to be implanted in one animal. It interfaces with the QIB

board (not pictured) to enable headstage connection through a

single 16-channel Omnetics connector.

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Drug Delivery + Chemical Sensing


Total Probe Thickness

Fluidic Port Tip Angle

ImplantableLength

Electrode Coverage

Channel Count

Platinum

≈ 185 µm

90° (Standard)45° (Custom)

15-18 mm

1.5 mm

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Combined drug delivery and electrophysiological recording.

The E16-20mm-100-177 electrode array can be mounted on a fluidic tube to combine drug delivery and electrophysiological recording. The fluidic tube is mounted on the lower side of the microelectrode array, and the delivery port is at the distal end of the fluidic tube. The fluidic interface is compatible with standard HPLC adaptors for interfacing with external injection pumps. Typically, a pressure-based delivery mechanism is used.

As with many of our products, the fluidic probe can be customized. Contact us for your customization needs.

NeuroNexus probes can be tuned to detect neurochemical and electrophysiological signals. Chemical detection can be achieved by analyzing the in vivo cyclic voltammograms from electrode sites coated with ion selective membranes. NeuroNexus does not provide coatings, but can provide design suggestions and references that describe coating methods.

Above: Illustration of a fluidic tube mounted on the underside of the E16-20mm-100-177 electrode array

Above: D16 (left) and DM16 (right) packages. Not to scale.

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MRI Probes


Electrode Thickness

ElectrodeLength

Channel Count

Iridium (standard),Platinum (custom),Gold (custom)


2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 15 mm (varies by design)

8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 (varies by design)

Above: MR A16 Probe. All MR-Compatible probes use special Omnetics Nano connectors marked “NI FR.”


Above: Image courtesy of Dr. David Leopold, NIMH Above: An MRI-compatible Matrix Array (see page 8)

When configured with the MR-Series Package, NeuroNexus probes include only trace amounts of ferromagnetic material and cause minimal or no distortion during typical MR imaging. Most of our Omnetics connector-based packages can be made MR compatible. Please contact us for details.

M R C O M PA T I B L E

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Deep Brain Stimulation

ElectrodeSite Material Substrate Material

Lead Diameter

PenetrationLength

Electrode Contact Shape

Channel Count

Platinum

Polyamide

0.75 mm

up to 45 mm

Elliptical

32

Above: Closeup of rDBSA tip and stimulation sites


Above: Chronic rDBSA. Probe tip at right.

The rDBSA (research-Deep Brain Stimulation Array) is the research-grade version of an innovative clinical DBS technology that NeuroNexus developed. The rDBSA is a high-resolution multichannel probe for use in DBS research in animal models. The novel design enables more precise, selective and tunable microstimulation of deep brain structures. This establishes a significantly enhanced neural interface that enables more flexibility in microelectrode positioning, selective and precise current delivery and stimulation programming.

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dDrive + oDrive (Wearable Microdrive)The dDrive is NeuroNexus’ solution for cost-effective chronic recording experiments. It is designed to be used for just one implantation, simplifying your prep.

The dDrive-m (left, top, on mouse skull) has a drive range of 2.5 mm, while the dDrive-xL features a range of 7 mm. The dDrive utilizes a screw drive with an extremely fine resolution, making a depth alteration of 150 µm with one complete turn. Also included with the dDrive are an easy to use connector holder and an adaptor that interfaces to your stereotaxic system.

The entire dDrive assembly (with probe) can be sterilized, and it arrives assembled and ready for your surgery. The simplicity of the dDrive makes it ideal for both beginners and experienced users recording with NeuroNexus’ chronic probes.

NeuroNexus now offers a microdrive-compatible chronic Optoelectrode solution by combining some popular product lines: H-style probes, dDrives, and Optoelectrodes. With the addition of the oDrive (left, bottom, on rat skull), it is now possible to increase the effectiveness and longevity of your chronic Optoelectrode recordings.

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dDrive + oDrive (Wearable Microdrive)

SPECIFICATIONS dDrive-m dDrive-xL

SPECIFICATIONS oDrive-m oDrive-xL

Drive Range

Weight (w/cap)

Weight (w/o cap)

2.5 mm

0.47 g

0.12 g

Dimensions W x L x H (w/ cap) 10 x 8 x 10 (mm)

7 mm

0.75 g

0.16 g

10 x 8 x 15.5 (mm)

Dimensions Dia x H (w/o cap)

Drive Resolution

Drive Mechanism

3.5 x 7.65 (mm)

150 µm/turn

Screw Base

3.5 x 12.65 (mm)

150 µm/turn

Screw Base

Drive Range

Weight (w/cap)

Optical Termination

2.5 mm

0.65 g

1.25 mm ferrule

Dimensions W x L x H 9.5 x 8 x 12 (mm)

7 mm

0.9 g

1.25 mm ferrule

9.5 x 8 x 18.5 (mm)

Drive Resolution

Drive Mechanism

150 µm/turn

Screw Base

150 µm/turn

Screw Base

Note: Visit our YouTube channel to learn the insertion techniques for the dDrive and oDrive.youtube.com/TheNeuroNexus

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Tools and Accessories

NeuroNexus provides a suite of accessories to assist researchers in their work. Visit neuronexus.com/products/accessories to see them all!

HEADSTAGE ADAPTORS

If you have a headstage that does not connect directly to one of our probe packages, you might need a headstage adaptor. NeuroNexus offers a range of adaptors, listed at neuronexus.com/products/accessories. If you cannot find an adaptor to meet your needs, custom adaptors can be assembled.

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All-Angle Arm The All-Angle Manipulator (left, shown with IST-Motor) is a fully articulated arm with 90° pivotable and 360° rotatable ends, and a 360° rotatable elbow. One locking knob at the elbow loosens to allow safe positioning of your insertion tool.

The entire the device can be operated quickly and precisely with two hands, and the Insertion Platform (facing page, bottom) allows fine-tuning of position in two axes once the Manipulator has been set.

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Insertion Tool

Designed in response to scientific feedback, our Insertion Tool allows for extremely precise, low-speed insertions to reduce tissue damage and minimize recovery time.

• Insertion speed adjustable between 0.5 µm/s - 8 mm/s (4.5 mm/s recommended)

• Computer-controlled linear actuation• Vacuum-based suction tip• Attaches to standard stereotaxic manipulator

or All-Angle Manipulator (shown left, top)• Insert any NeuroNexus probe

Right The Insertion Tool (Top) mounted on the All-Angle Manipulator. The Insertion Platform

(Bottom) allows fine-tuning in 2 axes. Combined, these accessories greatly improve the probe

positioning and insertion experience.

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655 Fairfield Ct., Ste. 100 / Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA

neuronexus.com / +1.734.913.8858 (Phone) / +1.734.786.0069 (Fax)

NOT E S

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Documents

Neural Probes - NeuroNexusneuronexus.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/2018NeuralProbesBro… · that meets your needs. Once you have selected an electrode array design, match it to