Network_Protocols Mobile Ip

8/10/2019 Network_Protocols Mobile Ip

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Mobile Communications

Chapter 8: Network Protocols/Mobile IP

MotivationData transfer , ncaps!lation"ec!rit#, IPv$, Proble%s

D&CP'()hoc networks, *o!tin+ protocols

Prof. J Ueyama


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Motivation for Mobile IP

*o!tin+

base( on IP (estination a((ress, network prefi- e.+.1.10.2 (eter%ines ph#sical s!bnet

chan+e of ph#sical s!bnet i%plies chan+e of IP a((ress tohave a topolo+ical correct a((ress stan(ar( IP2 or nee(sspecial entries in the ro!tin+ tables

"pecific ro!tes to en()s#ste%s3 chan+e of all ro!tin+ table entries to forwar( packets to theri+ht (estination

(oes not scale with the n!%ber of %obile hosts an( fre4!entchan+es in the location, sec!rit# proble%s

Chan+in+ the IP)a((ress3 a(5!st the host IP a((ress (epen(in+ on the c!rrent location al%ost i%possible to fin( a %obile s#ste%, DN" !p(ates take

too lon+ ti%e

6CP connections break, sec!rit# proble%s


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*e4!ire%ents for Mobile IPv *7C 00,was: 0, was: , !p(ate( b#: 912

6ransparenc#

%obile en()s#ste%s keep their IP a((ress contin!ation of co%%!nication after interr!ption of link

possible

point of connection to the fi-e( network can be chan+e(

Co%patibilit# s!pport of the sa%e la#er protocols as IP no chan+es to c!rrent en()s#ste%s an( ro!ters re4!ire(

%obile en()s#ste%s can co%%!nicate with fi-e( s#ste%s

"ec!rit# a!thentication of all re+istration %essa+es

fficienc# an( scalabilit# onl# little a((itional %essa+es to the %obile s#ste% re4!ire(

connection t#picall# via a low ban(wi(th ra(io link2

worl()wi(e s!pport of a lar+e n!%ber of %obile s#ste%s in

the whole Internet


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6er%inolo+#

Mobile No(e MN2

s#ste% no(e2 that can chan+e the point of connectionto the network witho!t chan+in+ its IP a((ress

&o%e '+ent &'2 s#ste% in the ho%e network of the MN, t#picall# a ro!ter

re+isters the location of the MN, t!nnels IP (ata+ra%s to the C'

7orei+n '+ent 7'2 s#ste% in the c!rrent forei+n network of the MN, t#picall# a ro!ter

forwar(s the t!nnele( (ata+ra%s to the MN, t#picall# also the(efa!lt ro!ter for the MN

Care)of '((ress C'2 a((ress of the c!rrent t!nnel en()point for the MN at 7' or MN2

Co)locate( C' act!al location of the MN fro% an IP point of view

can be chosen, e.+., via D&CP

Correspon(ent No(e CN2 co%%!nication partner


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-a%ple network

mobile end-systemInternet

router

router

router

end-system

FA

HAMN

home network

foreignnetwork

(physical home networkfor the MN)

(current physical networkfor the MN)

CN


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Data transfer to the %obile s#ste%

Internet

sender

FA

HA

MN

home network

foreignnetwork

receiver

1

2

3

1. Sender sends to the I address of MN! "# intercepts packet (pro$y #%)&. "# tunnels packet to '#! here #!

by encapsulation*. # forwards the packet

to the MN

CN


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Data transfer fro% the %obile s#ste%

Internet

receiver

FA

HA

MN

home network

foreignnetwork

sender

1

1. Sender sends to the I address of the receiver as usual! # works as default router

CN


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verview

'N

router"#

router#

Internet

router

1.

&.

*.

homenetwork

MN

forei+nnetwork

,.

'N

router"#

router#

Internet

router

homenetwork

MN

forei+nnetwork

'#


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Network inte+ration

'+ent '(vertise%ent

&' an( 7' perio(icall# sen( a(vertise%ent %essa+es into theirph#sical s!bnets

MN listens to these %essa+es an( (etects, if it is in the ho%e or aforei+n network stan(ar( case for ho%e network2

MN rea(s a C' fro% the 7' a(vertise%ent %essa+es

*e+istration alwa#s li%ite( lifeti%e


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type 1len+th / , 0 '#s%2 re+istration re3uired42 busy! no more re+istrations"2 home a+ent2 forei+n a+ent

M2 minimal encapsulation52 5%6 encapsulationr2 7! i+nored (former 8an 9acobson compression):2 # supports reverse tunnelin+reserved2 7! i+nored

'+ent a(vertise%ent

preference level 1router address 1

addressestype

addr. si;e lifetimechecksum

'# 1'# &

type 1 se3uence number len+th

7 < = 1> 1 *1&,&*

code

preference level &router address &

. . .

re+istration lifetime

. . .

% 4 " M5 r reserved:


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*e+istration

t

MN "#re+istrationre3uest

re+istration

reply

t

MN # "#re+istrationre3uestre+istrationre3uest

re+istra

tion

reply

re+istra

tion

reply


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Mobile IP re+istration re4!est

home a+enthome address

type 1 lifetime7 < = 1> 1 *1&,&*

: $

identification

'#

6$tensions (e.+. authentication) . . .

S 4 ? M5 r

S2 simultaneous bindin+s (re+istra todos os '#s anteriores)42 broadcast data+rams?2 decapsulation by MN (If 'o-located '# is adopted)

M mininal encapsulation52 5%6 encapsulationr2 7! i+nored:2 reverse tunnelin+ re3uested$2 7! i+nored:ype 1 @ re+istration re3uest


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Mobile IP re+istration repl#

home a+enthome address

type * lifetime

7 < = 1> 1 *1

code

identification

e$tensions . . .Example codes:re+istration successful

7 re+istration accepted

1 re+istration accepted! but simultaneous mobility bindin+s unsupportedre+istration denied by #

> administratively prohibited insufficient resources< mobile node failed authentication= home a+ent failed authenticationA re3uested Bifetime too lon+

re+istration denied by "#1&A administratively prohibited1*1 mobile node failed authentication1** re+istration Identification mismatch1*> too many simultaneous mobility bindin+s

:ype * @ resposta do home a+ente


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ncaps!lation

ori+inal I header ori+inal data

new datanew I header

outer header inner header ori+inal data


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ncaps!lation I

ncaps!lation of one packet into another as pa#loa(

e.+. IPv$ in IPv $=one2, M!lticast in >nicast Mbone2 here: e.+. IP)in)IP)encaps!lation, %ini%al encaps!lation or

?* ?eneric *ecor( ncaps!lation2

IP)in)IP)encaps!lation %an(ator#, *7C 02 t!nnel between &' an( C'

Careof address C!A"# address of HA

::BI identification

IP-in-IP I checksumfla+s fra+ment offset

len+th?S (:S)ver. I"B

"# address of MN"# address of CN

::BI identification

lay. , prot. I checksumfla+s fra+ment offset

len+th?S (:S)ver. I"B

:'CD?C ... payload


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ncaps!lation II

Mini%al encaps!lation optional2

avoi(s repetition of i(entical fiel(s e.+. 66@, I&@, version, D" *7C 9, ol(: 6"2

onl# applicable for non fra+%ente( packets, no space left forfra+%ent i(entification

careof address C!A"# address of HA

::BI identification

min. encap. I checksumfla+s fra+ment offsetlen+th?S (:S)ver. I"B

"# address of MN

original sender "# address (if S1)

Slay. , protoc. I checksum

:'CD?C ... payload

reserved


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pti%iAation of packet forwar(in+

Proble%: 6rian+!lar *o!tin+

sen(er sen(s all packets via &' to MN hi+her latenc# an( network loa(

B"ol!tions sen(er learns the c!rrent location of MN

(irect t!nnelin+ to this location &' infor%s a sen(er abo!t the location of MN

bi+ sec!rit# proble%s

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Network_Protocols Mobile Ip