CONTENT

Definition of Network Topology

Types of Network Topology

Differentiation Between theTypes of Network Topology

DEFINITION

What is a Topology ?

Topology is a Branch of Mathematic in which we study

about the arrangement of element. In term of Computer networking

“The structure, consisting of paths and switches, that provides the communication interconnections among

nodes of a network”

TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY

Types of Topology

PHUSICAL TOPOLOGY

LOGICAL TOPOLOGY

PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY:- “THE PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY OF A NETWORK REFERS TO THE LAYOUT OF CABLES, COMPUTERS

AND OTHER PERIPHERALS”.

LOGICAL TOPOLOGY:- “LOGICAL TOPOLOGY IS THE METHOD USED TO PASS THE INFORMATION BETWEEN THE COMPUTERS”

PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY:- “THE PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY OF A NETWORK REFERS TO THE LAYOUT OF CABLES, COMPUTERS

AND OTHER PERIPHERALS”.

LOGICAL TOPOLOGY:- “LOGICAL TOPOLOGY IS THE METHOD USED TO PASS THE INFORMATION BETWEEN THE COMPUTERS”

TYPES OF PHYSICAL NETWORK TOPOLOGY

Three commonly used network topologies are:-

Ring network.

Star network.

Tree network.

Bus network.

Mesh network.

RING TOPOLOGY

Cable forms closed ring or loop, with all computers and devices arranged along ring.

Data travels from device to device around entire ring, in one direction.

Primarily is used for LANs, but also is used in WANs.

RING TOPOLOGY

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF RING TOPOLOGY

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

1) No terminator required. 1) Data packets must pass

through every computer between

the sender and recipient therefore,

this makes it slower.

2) The transmission of data is relatively simple as packets travel in one direction only.

2) If any of the nodes fail then the ring is broken and data cannot be

transmitted successfully.

RINGRING

SUMMARY

RING TOPOLOGY

DEFINITION

•Cable forms closed ring or loop, with all

computers and devices arranged

along ring.

DEFINITION

•Cable forms closed ring or loop, with all

computers and devices arranged

along ring.

ADVANTAGE

•Data is quickly transferred without a

‘bottle neck’.

ADVANTAGE

•Data is quickly transferred without a

‘bottle neck’.

•The transmission of data is relatively

simple as packets travel in one direction

only.

•The transmission of data is relatively

simple as packets travel in one direction

only.

DISADVANTAGE

•Data packets must pass through every computer between the sender and recipient therefore, this

makes it slower.

DISADVANTAGE

•Data packets must pass through every computer between the sender and recipient therefore, this

makes it slower.

•If any of the nodes fail then the ring is broken

and data cannot be transmitted successfully.

•If any of the nodes fail then the ring is broken

and data cannot be transmitted successfully.

•It is difficult to troubleshoot

the ring.

•It is difficult to troubleshoot

the ring.

In a tree network all computers are connected in a

hierarchal fashion.

Require data flow through the branches.

A tree topology combines characteristics of linear bus

and star topology.

TREE TOPOLOGY

ADVENTAGES AND DISADVENTAGES OF TREE TOPOLOGY

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

1) Point-to-point wiring for individual segments

1) Overall length of each

segment is limited by the type of

cabling used

2) Functional grouping can be created.

2) If the backbone line breaks, the entire segment goes down.

3) More difficult to configure and wire than other topologies.

TREETREE

SUMMARY

TREE TOPOLOGY

DEFINITION

•In a Tree network all

computers are connected in a

hierarchal fashion.

DEFINITION

•In a Tree network all

computers are connected in a

hierarchal fashion.

ADVANTAGE

•Point-to-point wiring for individual segments.

ADVANTAGE

•Point-to-point wiring for individual segments.

Functional grouping can be created. .Functional grouping can be created. .

DISADVANTAGE

•Overall length of each segment is limited by the

type of cabling used.

DISADVANTAGE

•Overall length of each segment is limited by the

type of cabling used.

•If the backbone line breaks, the entire

segment goes down.

•If the backbone line breaks, the entire

segment goes down.

More difficult to configure and wire than

other topologies.

More difficult to configure and wire than

other topologies.

STAR TOPOLOGY

All devices connect to acentral device, calledHub or Switch.

All data transferredfrom one computer toanother passes through hub.

STAR TOPOLOGY

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF STAR TOPOLOGY

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

1) Easy to install and wire. 1) Requires more cable length

than a ring or bus topology.

2) Security can be implemented

in the hub/switch.

2) Failure of the switch or hub can disable the entire network.

3) Easy to detect faults and to

remove parts.

3) More expensive than linear bus topologies because of the

cost of the concentrators.

STARSTAR

SUMMARY

DEFINITION

•All devices connect to a

central device, called hub.

DEFINITION

•All devices connect to a

central device, called hub.

ADVANTAGE

•Easy to install and wire.

ADVANTAGE

•Easy to install and wire.

•Security can be implemented

in the hub/switch.

•Security can be implemented

in the hub/switch.

DISADVANTAGE•Requires more cable

length than a linear topology.

DISADVANTAGE•Requires more cable

length than a linear topology.

If the hub or concentrator fails,

nodes attached are disabled.

If the hub or concentrator fails,

nodes attached are disabled.

More expensive than linear bus topologies because of the cost of

the concentrators.

More expensive than linear bus topologies because of the cost of

the concentrators.

STAR TOPOLOGY

•Easy to detect faults and to

remove parts

•Easy to detect faults and to

remove parts

The Internet is a series of interconnected

networks. Personal computers and

workstations are connected to a Local

Area Network (LAN) by either a dial-up

connection through a modem and standard

phone line or by being directly wired into the

LAN.

INTERNET TOPOLOGY

INTERNET TOPOLOGY

Other modes of data transmission that allow for connection to a network include T-1 connections and dedicated lines.Bridges and hubs link multiple networksto each other. Routers transmit data through networks and determine the best path of transmission.

BUS TOPOLOGY

All computers and devices connected to central cable or bus.

Consists of a main run of cable with a terminator at each end.

Popular on LANs because they are inexpensive and easy to install.

BUS TOPOLOGY

ADVENTAGES AND DISADVENTAGES OF BUS NETWORK TOPOLOGY

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

1) Easy to connect computer or

peripheral to a linear bus.

1) Entire network shuts down if

there is a break in the main

cable.

2) Requires less cable length

than a star topology.

2) Terminators are required at both ends of the backbone cable.

3) Difficult to identify the problem if the entire network shuts down.

BUSBUS

SUMMARY

BUS TOPOLOGY

DEFINITION

•All computers and devices

connected to central cable

DEFINITION

•All computers and devices

connected to central cable

ADVANTAGE

•Easy to connect a computer or

peripheral to a linear bus.

ADVANTAGE

•Easy to connect a computer or

peripheral to a linear bus.

•Requires less cable length than

a star topology.

•Requires less cable length than

a star topology.

DISADVANTAGE

•Entire network shuts down if

there is a break in the main cable.

DISADVANTAGE

•Entire network shuts down if

there is a break in the main cable.

•Terminators are required at both

ends of the backbone cable.

•Terminators are required at both

ends of the backbone cable.

•Difficult to identify the problem

if the entire network shuts down.

•Difficult to identify the problem

if the entire network shuts down.

MESH TOPOLOGY

Not common on LANs Most often used in WANs to interconnect LANS Each node is connected to every other node Allows communication to continue in the event of a break in any one connection

MESH TOPOLOGY

ADVENTAGES AND DISADVENTAGES OF MESH NETWORK TOPOLOGY

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

1) Providing multiple path

through the network.

1) Expensive.

2) Improves Fault

Tolerance2) Difficult to install

3) Sending and receiving of data can be done at the same time.

3) Difficult to manage

MESHMESH

SUMMARY

DEFINITIONEach node is connected to every other node

DEFINITIONEach node is connected to every other node

ADVANTAGE

•Improves Fault Tolerance

ADVANTAGE

•Improves Fault Tolerance

. .

DISADVANTAGE

1) Expensive.. DISADVANTAGE

1) Expensive..

MESH TOPOLOGY

2) Difficult to install

3) Difficult to manage