NETE0510: Communication Media and Data Communications 1 NETE0510 LANs and Hi-speed LANs Dr. Supakorn Kungpisdan [email protected]

NETE0510 Communication Media and Data Communications

1

NETE0510LANs and Hi-speed LANs

Dr Supakorn Kungpisdansupakornmutacth


2

Outline

LAN Overview Ethernet Token Ring FDDI


3

LAN Topologies


4

LAN Protocol Architecture


5

IEEE 802 Layers

Physical encodingdecoding of signals preamble generationremoval bit transmissionreception transmission medium and topology

Logical Link Control interface to higher levels flow and error control

Media Access Control on transmit assemble data into frame on receive disassemble frame govern access to transmission medium for same LLC may have several MAC options


6

LAN Protocols in Context


7

Logical Link Control (LLC)

transmission of link level PDUs between stations must support multi-access shared medium but MAC layer handles link access details addressing involves specifying source and

destination LLC users referred to as service access points (SAP) typically higher level protocol


8

LLC Services

based on HDLC 3 services provided

Unacknowledged connectionless service Simple no flow- and error control no data delivery

guaranteed rely on higher layer protocols Connection-mode service

Similar to that offered by HDLC Need connection setup provide flow and error control

Acknowledged connectionless service Hybrid approach No connection setup required but require

acknowledgement


9

Media Access Control (MAC)

MAC layer receives data from LLC layer fields

MAC control destination MAC address source MAC address LLC CRC

MAC layer detects errors and discards frames LLC optionally retransmits unsuccessful frames

(link-to-link retransmission not end-to-end)


10

Outline



11

Ethernet (CSMACD)

most widely used LAN standard developed by

Xerox - original Ethernet IEEE 8023

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMACD) random contention access to media


12

Pure VS Slotted ALOHA

Pure ALOHA

Slotted ALOHA


13

ALOHA

developed for packet radio nets when station has frame it sends then listens for a bit over max round trip time (RTT)

if receive ACK then fine if not retransmit if no ACK after repeated transmissions give up

uses a frame check sequence (as in HDLC) to check for errors

frame may be damaged by noise or by another station transmitting at the same time (collision)

any overlap of frames causes collision max utilization 18


14

Slotted ALOHA

time on channel based on uniform slots equal to frame transmission time need central clock (or other sync mechanism)

transmission begins only at the beginning of the slot So frames either miss or overlap totally

max utilization 37 both have poor utilization fail to use fact that propagation time (PT) is much less

than frame transmission time (TT) If PT gtgt TT a station may succeed in transmitting a frame If TT gtgt PT none of the stations may not succeed


15

CSMA stations soon know transmission has started1 so first listen for clear medium (carrier sense)2 if medium idle transmit3 if two stations start at the same instant collision

wait reasonable time if no ACK then retransmit collisions occur occur at leading edge of frame

max utilization depends on propagation time (medium length) and frame length

shorter PT longer frame higher utilization Also work well for the case that PT ltlt TT Collision can occur only more than one user begins

transmitting within PT


16

CSMA Persistence and Backoff


17

Non-persistent CSMA

Non-persistent CSMA rules1 if medium is idle transmit2 if medium is busy wait for amount of time drawn

from probability distribution (retransmission delay) amp retry

random delays reduces probability of collisions capacity is wasted because medium will remain

idle following end of transmission even stations are waiting to transmit frames


18

1-persistent CSMA

1-persistent CSMA avoids idle channel time 1-persistent CSMA rules

1 if medium idle transmit

2 if medium busy listen until idle then transmit immediately

1-persistent stations are selfish if two or more stations waiting a collision is

guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA

a compromise to try and reduce collisions and idle time

p-persistent CSMA rules 1 if medium idle transmit with probability p and delay

one time unit (equal to max propagation delay) with probability (1ndashp)

2 if medium busy listen until idle and repeat step 1

3 if transmission is delayed one time unit repeat step 1

issue of choosing effective value of p to avoid instability under heavy load


20

CSMACD

with CSMA collision occupies medium for duration of transmission

better if stations listen whilst transmitting CSMACD rules

1 if medium idle transmit2 if busy listen for idle then transmit3 if collision detected jam and then cease transmission4 after jam wait random time (backoff period) then retry


21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22

1 Adaptor receives datagram from net layer amp creates frame

2 If adapter senses channel idle (no signal energy entering adapter for 96 bit times) it starts to transmit frame If it senses channel busy waits until channel idle and then transmits

3 If adapter transmits entire frame without detecting another transmission the adapter is done with frame

4 If adapter detects another transmission while transmitting aborts and sends 48-bit jam signal

5 After aborting adapter enters exponential backoff after the mth collision adapter chooses a K at random from 012hellip2m-1 Adapter waits K512 bit times and returns to Step 2

CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)

Jam Signal make sure all other transmitters are aware of collision 48 bits

Bit time time to send 1 bit of data

= 01 microsec for 10 Mbps Ethernet for K=1023 wait time is about 50 msec

(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)

Exponential Backoff Goal adapt retransmission

attempts to estimated current load heavy load random wait

will be longer first collision choose K from

01 delay is K 512 bit transmission times

after second collision choose K from 0123hellip

after ten collisions choose K from 01234hellip1023


24

IEEE 8023 Frame Format


25

10Mbps Specification (Ethernet)

10BASE5 10BASE2 10BASE-T 10BASE-FP

Transmissionmedium

Coaxial cable (50ohm)


Unshielded twistedpair

850-nm optical fiberpair

Signalingtechnique

Baseband(Manchester)



Manchesteron-off

Topology Bus Bus Star Star

Maximum segmentlength (m)

500 185 100 500

Nodes per segment 100 30 mdash 33

Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26

100Mbps Fast Ethernet

100BASE-TX 100BASE-FX 100BASE-T4

Transmissionmedium

2 pair STP 2 pair Category5 UTP

2 optical fibers 4 pair Category3 4 or 5 UTP

Signalingtechnique

MLT -3 MLT -3 4B5B NRZI 8B6T NRZ

Data rate 100 Mbps 100 Mbps 100 Mbps 100 Mbps

Maximumsegment length

100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m

Network span 200 m 200 m 400 m 200 m


27

100BASE-X

uses a unidirectional data rate 100 Mbps over single twisted pair or optical fiber link

encoding scheme same as FDDI 4B5B-NRZI

two physical medium specifications 100BASE-TX

uses two pairs of twisted-pair cable for tx amp rx STP and Category 5 UTP allowed MTL-3 signaling scheme is used

100BASE-FX uses two optical fiber cables for tx amp rx convert 4B5B-NRZI code group into optical signals


28

MTL-3 Encoding

An MLT-3 interface emits less electromagnetic interference and requires less bandwidth than most other binary or ternary interfaces that operate at the same data rate


29

100BASE-T Options


30

Gigabit Ethernet Configuration


31

Gigabit Ethernet ndash Physical


32

10Gbps Ethernet Options


33

Outline



34

Token Ring

Many types of token ring technology IBMrsquos Token Ring IEEE8025 Token Ring FDDI (Fiber Distribution Data

Interface) IEEE80217 Resilient Packet

Ring A token ring network consists

of nodes connected in a ring Data always flows in a

particular direction around the ring with each node receiving frames from its upstream neighbor and then forwarding them to its downstream neighbor


35

Token Ring (contrsquod)

Different from Ethernet ring-based VS bus topology

Same single shared-medium network Two common features of Token Ring and

Ethernet Involve a distributed algorithm that controls when

each node is allowed to transmit All nodes see all frames only the node identified in

a frame as the destination will save a copy of the frame as it flows past


36

Token Ring specifications

Data transfer rate is 4 or 16 Mbps Uses Twisted Pair cabling (Cat 3 for 4 MBs Cat 5 for 16

Mbs) for IBMrsquos Token Ring but not specified in IEEE8025

Use Manchester encoding Access method is token passing Logical topology ring physical topology is star Connector type is RJ-45 Maximum attachments per segment is 250 (IEEE 8025)

and 260 (IBM) per ring


37

Token

Token is a special sequence of bits circulating around the ring

Token Ring operation1 Each node receives and forwards the token2 When a node that has a frame to transmit sees the token it

takes the token off the ring and insert its frame into the ring3 Each node along the way simply forwards the frame with the

destination node saving a copy and forwarding the message onto the next node on the ring

4 When the frame makes its way back around to the sender this node strips its frame off the ring and reinserts the token

The media access algorithm is fair the token circulates around the ring each node gets a chance to transmit


38

Physical Properties

Link or node failure would render the whole network useless

Solved by connecting each station into the ring using an electromechanical relay


39

Physical Properties (contrsquod)

Several of these relays are usually packed into a single box known as a multi-station access unit (MSAU or MAU)


40

Token Ring Frame Format


41

Token Ring Frame Format (Contrsquod)

T is token bit set to specify the token frame M is monitor bit set by Active Monitor

A =1 Address recognized C = 1 Frame copied

Access Control

Frame Status


42

Token Ring Media Access Control

As the token circulates around the ring any station that has data to send may seize the token by simply modifying 1 bit (T bit) in the second byte token

The first 2 bytes of the modified token now become the preamble for the subsequent data packet


43

Token Holding Time (THT)

Specify how long a given node is allowed to hold the token How much data a given node is allowed to transmit

each time it possesses the token

Time limit data limit or no limit Default THT for IEEE8025 is 10 ms


44

Token Rotation Time (TRT)

The amount of time it takes a token to traverse the tine as viewed by a given node

TRT le ActiveNodes x THT + RingLatency

Where RingLatency denotes how long it takes to circulate

around the ring where no one has data to send ActiveNodes denotes the number of nodes that

have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery

8025 provides a form of reliable delivery using 2 bits in the frame status field A and C bits

Initially A and C are 0s When a destination station sees a frame it sets A bit When it copies the frame into its adaptor it sets C bit If the sending station receives the frame with A bit still 0

the recipient is not functioning or absent If A bit is set but C bit is 0 the destination could not

accept the frame (may be the buffer is full) The sender may retransmit the frame


46

Token Ring Priority

The token contains a 3-bit priority field It has certain priority n at any time

Each station that has data to send assigns priority to that frame and the station can only seize the token to transmit a packet if the packetrsquos priority is at least as great as the tokenrsquos

The tokenrsquos priority changes over time due to 3 reservation bits in Access Control field


47

Token Ring Priority (contrsquod)

For example Station X waiting to send a priority n packet may set the reservation bit to n if it sees the a data frame going past an the bits have not been set these bits to a higher value

So the station that currently holds the token must reduce the priority of the token to n when it releases the token


48

Token Release

Early release or delayed release Early release allows better bandwidth utilization


49

Active and Standby Monitors

Every station in a token ring network is either an active monitor (AM) or standby monitor (SM) station

However there can be only one active monitor on a ring at a time

Becoming an AM is chosen by election Once an AM is chosen every other station becomes a standby monitor All stations must be capable of becoming an active monitor station if necessary


50

Active Monitor Election

Electing AM is done when the ring is first connected or on the failure of the current AM

The active monitor is chosen through an election or monitor contention process a loss of signal on the ring is detected an active monitor station is not detected by other stations on

the ring or when a particular timer on an end station expires such as the

case when a station hasnt seen a token frame in the past 7 seconds

The station that detects the above situation will try to become a new AM by performs the following


51

Active Monitor Election (contrsquod)

1 The station sends a ldquoclaim tokenrdquo frame saying it wants to become a new AM This frame contains its MAC address

2 If that token circulates back to the sender it is assumed that it can become a new AM

3 If other stations also want to become a new AM they also send the claim tokens The station with highest MAC address will become a new AM


52

Active Monitor

The active monitor performs a number of ring administration functions Operate as the master clock for the ring in order to provide

synchronization of the signal for stations on the wire Insert a 24-bit delay into the ring to ensure that there is

always sufficient buffering in the ring for the token to circulate

Ensure that exactly one token circulates whenever there is no frame being transmitted and to detect a broken ring

Token may vanish for several reasons eg bit error Responsible for removing circulating frames from the ring


53

Detecting A Missing Token

AM watches for a passing token and maintains a timer equal to the maximum possible token rotation time The interval equals

NumStations x THT + RingLatency

If the timer expires without the AM seeing a token it creates a new token


54

Detecting Errors

AM checks for corrupted or orphaned frames Dealing with corrupted frames

The corrupted frame is the frame with checksum error or invalid format Without the AM intervention it could circulate forever

The AM removes it and reinsert a new token Dealing with orphaned frames

The orphaned frame is a normal frame whose ldquoparentrdquo died the sending station is down after sending the frame

This frame can be detected by using ldquomonitorrdquo bit in Access Control field

Initially the monitor bit is 0 it is set to 1 for the first time it passes the AM If the AM detects this frame with this bit set it knows that this frames is going by for the second time

Then the AM drains the frame off the ring


55

Outline



56

FDDI

Fiber Distribution Data Interface Requently used as high-speed backbone technol

ogy because of its support for high bandwidth and greater distances than copper

An implementation on copper is called CDDI An FDDI network consists of a dual ring

transmitting data in opposite directions primary and secondary rings

Tolerate a single break in the cable or the failure of one station


57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59

Station-attachment Types

Because of the expense of dual-ring configuration some node connects with a single cable single attachment station (SAS) their dual-connected counterpart is called dual attachment station (DAS)


60

Concentrator

A concentrator attaches several SASs to the dual ring analogous to MSAU used in 8025

If an SAS fails it uses an optical bypass to isolate the failed SA thereby keeping the ring connected


61

Concentrator (contrsquod)


62

Dealing With Failures

Station failure Cable failure


63

Optical Bypass Switch

Provides continuous dual-ring operation if a device on the dual ring fails

Prevent ring segmentation and eliminate failed stations from the ring

The optical bypass switch performs this function using optical mirrors that pass light from the ring directly to the DAS device during normal operation

If a failure of the DAS device occurs eg a power-off the optical bypass switch will pass the light through itself by using internal mirrors and thereby will maintain the rings integrity


64

Optical Bypass Switch (contrsquod)


65

Dual Homing

Critical devices such as routers or mainframe hosts can use a fault-tolerant technique called dual homing to provide additional redundancy and to help guarantee operation

In dual-homing situations the critical device is attached to two concentrators


66

FDDI Physical Characteristics

Limit to 500 stations in a network span over 100 km

FDDI uses 4B5B encoding Primary ring offers the rate up to 100 Mbps


67

Timed Token Algorithm

Token Holding Time (THT) is calculated the same as that of 8025

Target Token Rotation Time (TTRT) the amount of time whereby all nodes agree to live within

Measured TRT (MTRT) the time where each node measures between successive arrivals of the token

If MTRT gt TTRT the token is late the node does not transmit any data

If MTRT lt TTRT the token is early the node is allowed to hold the token for the difference between TTRT-MTRT


68

FDDI Frame Format

The FDDI frame format is similar to the format of a Token Ring frame

FDDI frames can be as large as 4500 bytes


69

FDDI Frame Format (contrsquod)

PreamblemdashGives a unique sequence that prepares each station for an upcoming frame

Start delimitermdashIndicates the beginning of a frame by employing a signaling pattern that differentiates it from the rest of the frame

Frame controlmdashIndicates the size of the address fields and whether the frame contains asynchronous or synchronous data among other control information

Destination addressmdashContains a unicast (singular) multicast (group) or broadcast (every station) address FDDI destination addresses are 6 bytes long


70


Source addressmdashIdentifies the single station that sent the frame FDDI source addresses are 6 bytes long

DatamdashContains either information destined for an upper-layer protocol or control information

Frame check sequence (FCS)mdash error detection End delimitermdashContains unique symbols cannot be

data symbols that indicate the end of the frame Frame statusmdashAllows the source station to determine w

hether an error occurred identifies whether the frame was recognized and copied by a receiving station


71

Timed Token Algorithm (contrsquod)

However if a node sees the token but it has lots of data to send its MTRT gt TTRT it cannot transmit data

To account for this possibility FDDI defines 2 classes of traffic synchronous and asynchronous

For synchronous data a node is allowed to send after receiving a token no matter it is early or late Synchronous traffic is delay sensitive eg voice or video The total amount of data to send is bound by TTRT

For asynchronous data the token must be early Asynchronous more suitable for non-delay-sensitive data

eg file transfer


72


Question how a node determines if it can send asynchronous traffic Answer A node can send if MTRT lt TTRT

Question what if TTRT is too small so that the node cannot transmit the full message without exceeding TTRT Answer the node is allowed to send the frame


73

Token Maintenance

All nodes monitor the time to ensure that the token has not been lost

Each node should see a valid transmission data frame or the token

The idle time that each node can experience is equal to the ring latency plus the time it takes to send a full frame normally a bit less than 25 ms

Normally each node sets a timer event to 25 ms If the timer expires the node sends a ldquoclaimrdquo

frame


74

Electing Active Monitor

Bidding for TTRT the node with lowest TTRT wins This node can hold the token and can transmit a frame

If nodes have equal TTRTs the node with higher address wins

If a node receives a claim frame it checks to see if the TTRT bid in the frame is less than its own If so the node reset its local TTRT and forward the frame to

the next node If its TTRT lt the bid TTRT remove the claim frame and

putting its own claim frame on the ring If the claim frame is back to the sender it can safely claim the

token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


2

Outline



3

LAN Topologies


4



5

IEEE 802 Layers





6



7





8

LLC Services






acknowledgement


9







10

Outline



11

Ethernet (CSMACD)





12


Pure ALOHA

Slotted ALOHA


13

ALOHA







14

Slotted ALOHA






15







16



17

Non-persistent CSMA






18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


3

LAN Topologies


4



5

IEEE 802 Layers





6



7





8

LLC Services






acknowledgement


9







10

Outline



11

Ethernet (CSMACD)





12


Pure ALOHA

Slotted ALOHA


13

ALOHA







14

Slotted ALOHA






15







16



17

Non-persistent CSMA






18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


4



5

IEEE 802 Layers





6



7





8

LLC Services






acknowledgement


9







10

Outline



11

Ethernet (CSMACD)





12


Pure ALOHA

Slotted ALOHA


13

ALOHA







14

Slotted ALOHA






15







16



17

Non-persistent CSMA






18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


5

IEEE 802 Layers





6



7





8

LLC Services






acknowledgement


9







10

Outline



11

Ethernet (CSMACD)





12


Pure ALOHA

Slotted ALOHA


13

ALOHA







14

Slotted ALOHA






15







16



17

Non-persistent CSMA






18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


6



7





8

LLC Services






acknowledgement


9







10

Outline



11

Ethernet (CSMACD)





12


Pure ALOHA

Slotted ALOHA


13

ALOHA







14

Slotted ALOHA






15







16



17

Non-persistent CSMA






18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


7





8

LLC Services






acknowledgement


9







10

Outline



11

Ethernet (CSMACD)





12


Pure ALOHA

Slotted ALOHA


13

ALOHA







14

Slotted ALOHA






15







16



17

Non-persistent CSMA






18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


8

LLC Services






acknowledgement


9







10

Outline



11

Ethernet (CSMACD)





12


Pure ALOHA

Slotted ALOHA


13

ALOHA







14

Slotted ALOHA






15







16



17

Non-persistent CSMA






18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


9







10

Outline



11

Ethernet (CSMACD)





12


Pure ALOHA

Slotted ALOHA


13

ALOHA







14

Slotted ALOHA






15







16



17

Non-persistent CSMA






18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


10

Outline



11

Ethernet (CSMACD)





12


Pure ALOHA

Slotted ALOHA


13

ALOHA







14

Slotted ALOHA






15







16



17

Non-persistent CSMA






18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


11

Ethernet (CSMACD)





12


Pure ALOHA

Slotted ALOHA


13

ALOHA







14

Slotted ALOHA






15







16



17

Non-persistent CSMA






18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


12


Pure ALOHA

Slotted ALOHA


13

ALOHA







14

Slotted ALOHA






15







16



17

Non-persistent CSMA






18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


13

ALOHA







14

Slotted ALOHA






15







16



17

Non-persistent CSMA






18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


14

Slotted ALOHA






15







16



17

Non-persistent CSMA






18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


15







16



17

Non-persistent CSMA






18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


16



17

Non-persistent CSMA






18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


17

Non-persistent CSMA






18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


18

1-persistent CSMA





guaranteed


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


19

P-persistent CSMA








20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


20

CSMACD





21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


21

CSMACD (contrsquod)


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


22






CSMACD Algorithm


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


23

CSMACD (contrsquod)




(1023 x 512 x 01

= 52378 microsec

= 5238 msec)








24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


24



25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


25



Transmissionmedium





Signalingtechnique




Manchesteron-off



500 185 100 500


Cable diameter(mm)

10 5 04 to 06 625125 microm


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


26



Transmissionmedium



Signalingtechnique




100 m 100 m 100 m 100 m



27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


27

100BASE-X







28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


28

MTL-3 Encoding



29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


29

100BASE-T Options


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


30



31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


31



32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


32



33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


33

Outline



34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


34

Token Ring







35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


35








36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


36







37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


37

Token








38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


38

Physical Properties




39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


39




40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


40



41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


41




Access Control

Frame Status


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


42





43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


43






44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


44






have data to send


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


45

Reliable Delivery






46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


46

Token Ring Priority





47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


47





48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


48

Token Release



49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


49






50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


50








51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


51






52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


52

Active Monitor







53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


53






54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


54

Detecting Errors









55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


55

Outline



56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


56

FDDI







57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


57

FDDI (contrsquod)


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


58

FDDI Specifications


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


59




60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


60

Concentrator




61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


61



62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


62




63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


63







64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


64



65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


65

Dual Homing




66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


66





67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


67








68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


68

FDDI Frame Format




69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


69







70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


70








71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


71






eg file transfer


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


72





73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


73

Token Maintenance





frame


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


74







token


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN


75

Questions

Next Lecture

ISDN

Documents

NETE0510: Communication Media and Data Communications 1 NETE0510 LANs and Hi-speed LANs Dr. Supakorn Kungpisdan [email protected]