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NetApp Training
NAS Quickstart Guide
Terminology NAS
CIFS
NFS
NetApp
Filer
ONTAP (Data ONTAP)
Aggregate
WAFL
Volume (flexible volume, flexvol)
Qtree, security style
NAS Quickstart
Table of Contents Scenario 1: Create storage space (volume) and share it
to MS Windows clients
Scenario 2: Share storage space via MMC console
Scenario 3: Expand/shrink a volume while clients are connected
Scenario 4: Snapshots: creating, scheduling, restoring from snapshots
Scenario 5: Working with quotas on the filer
NAS Quickstart
Table of Contents Scenario 1: Create storage space (volume) and
share it to MS Windows clients
Scenario 2: Share storage space via MMC console
Scenario 3: Expand/shrink a volume while clients are connected
Scenario 4: Snapshots: creating, scheduling, restoring from snapshots
Scenario 5: Working with quotas on the filer
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 1CIFS – Share Storage via Web Interface
Browse to http://filer-IP-address/na_admin
Click on “FilerView” and log on using the “root” account
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 1 (cont.)CIFS – Share Storage via Web Interface (cont.)
The FilerView web interface is the interface you will most often work with
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 1 (cont.)CIFS – Share Storage via Web Interface (cont.)
Aggregate = collection of physical disks (RAID4/RAID_DP)
Volume = basic unit that can be used to store data
Click on “Volumes”, the “Manage”
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 1 (cont.)CIFS – Share Storage via Web Interface (cont.)
Next, click on “Add”, a wizard will pop up
Click “next”
We will create “Flexible” volume (is contained in an aggregate)
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 1 (cont.)CIFS – Share Storage via Web Interface (cont.)
Give your volume the name “testvolume”
Select a containing aggregate (typically “aggr0”)
Give your volume a size
Ignore the Space Guarantee (use the default value)
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 1 (cont.)CIFS – Share Storage via Web Interface (cont.)
Commit your changes and close the wizard
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 1 (cont.)CIFS – Share Storage via Web Interface (cont.)
Now click on “Qtrees” and then on “Manage”
Make sure the security style of the volume is set to “NTFS”
If not, select the volume and change the security style
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 1 (cont.)CIFS – Share Storage via Web Interface (cont.)
The second big step is to share the volume we have just created
Click on “CIFS”, then “Shares”, then “Manage”
Click on “Add Share”
Create the share “testshare”
The path to the volume is “/vol/testvolume”
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 1 (cont.)CIFS – Share Storage via Web Interface (cont.)
Lastly, we can browse to the filer's IP address or name using explorer and a UNC-style path: \\filer-IP-address\
The newly created share should be visible and accessible
Map a network drive to the share
NAS Quickstart
Table of Contents Scenario 1: Create storage space (volume) and share it
to MS Windows clients
Scenario 2: Share storage space via MMC console
Scenario 3: Expand/shrink a volume while clients are connected
Scenario 4: Snapshots: creating, scheduling, restoring from snapshots
Scenario 5: Working with quotas on the filer
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 2CIFS – Share Storage via the MMC
Use the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) and connect to the IP address or name of the filer
Note that you can look at the users/groups on the filer
Note that you can see the open files on the filer
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 2 (cont.)CIFS – Share Storage via the MMC (cont.)
Go to “System Tools”, “Shared Folders”, “Shares”, right-click and select “New Share...”
Complete the wizard
The path to the volume is “C:\vol\testvolume”
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 2 (cont.)CIFS – Share Storage via the MMC (cont.)
Feel free to set share level permissions
NAS Quickstart
Table of Contents Scenario 1: Create storage space (volume) and share it
to MS Windows clients
Scenario 2: Share storage space via MMC console
Scenario 3: Expand/shrink a volume while clients are connected
Scenario 4: Snapshots: creating, scheduling, restoring from snapshots
Scenario 5: Working with quotas on the filer
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 3CIFS – Shrink/Expand volume while clients are
connected
Note the free disk space on the mapped drive
Go to the filer's web interface, FilerView, and Click on “Volumes”, “Manage”
Next, click on the “testvolume” volume
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 3 (cont.)CIFS – Shrink/Expand volume while clients are
connected (cont.)
Click on “Resize Storage”, a new wizard will pop up
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 3 (cont.)CIFS – Shrink/Expand volume while clients are
connected (cont.)
After the resize operation, check the free disk space on the mapped drive (refresh with F5 if needed)
Note that it is also possible to shrink the available disk space!
NAS Quickstart
Table of Contents Scenario 1: Create storage space (volume) and share it
to MS Windows clients
Scenario 2: Share storage space via MMC console
Scenario 3: Expand/shrink a volume while clients are connected
Scenario 4: Snapshots: creating, scheduling, restoring from snapshots
Scenario 5: Working with quotas on the filer
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4Snapshots – What ?
A immediate read-only copy of an active filesystem
Takes only fraction of a second to be created
No performance overhead
Maximum 255 per volume
Can be taken manually or can be scheduled
Serves as an instant backup of the volume data
Can be used to restore a single file, directory, or complete volume
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Snapshots – How ?
Taking a snapshot = makes a copy of file allocation table of WAFL filesystem
(a)Before
Snapshot
Disk Blocks
A
Active File Sys
B C D
(b)After
Snapshot
Active File SysSnapshot
A B C D
NewBlock
(c)
AfterBlockUpdated
Active File Sys
A B C D C’
Snapshot
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4Snapshots – As seen from a client
Snapshots can be made visible to Windows and Unix/Linux clients
If visible: Windows: ~snapshot or ~snapsht directory Unix/Linux: .snapshot directory
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4Snapshots – As seen from a client (cont.)
Users can browse the ~snapshot directory to see the snapshots and previous version of their files
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4Snapshots – As seen from a client (cont.)
Windows XP and 2003 machines will also show previous versions for documents:
Note: regsvr32 twext.dll + snapshots must be visible on volume
http://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver/en/library/cfddaf10-24fa-4d6d-a34d-cfb84c5223781033.mspx?mfr=true
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4Snapshots – As seen from a client (cont.)
The snapshots are read-only: you get an error if you try to delete them!
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Creating and deleting snapshots
It is possible to create/delete a snapshot via the FilerView web interface
Click on “Volumes”, then on “Snapshots”
Next, click on “Manage”
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Creating and deleting snapshots (cont.)
It is possible to select the volume “testvolume” and then click on “View” to show only those snapshots of the “testvolume” volume
You can delete a snapshot by selecting it and clicking on “Delete”
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Creating and deleting snapshots (cont.)
To create a snapshot, click on “Add Snapshot”
Next, select the volume you want to snapshot ...
... and give a name to your snapshot
Click on “Add”
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Scheduling snapshot creation
Generally, you will want the filer to take snapshots at regular intervals automatically. This is achieved by setting a snapshot schedule
Click on “Volumes”, then “Snapshots”, then “Configure”
Select the volume you want to configure
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Scheduling snapshot creation (cont.)
Make sure that “Scheduled Snapshots” is enabled
Select the number of snapshots to keep: The weekly snapshots are taken on the night from saturday
to sunday at midnight The daily snapshots are taken every day at midnight
The hourly snapshots have a special schedule:
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Restoring data from snapshots
Option 1 of 3: Copy/paste the file from somewhere under the the ~snapshot directory (may take a long time over a slow network)
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Restoring data from snapshots (cont.)
Option 2 of 3: Use Windows XP or Windows 2003 to access/restore the previous version of a document
Notes: options cifs.ms_snapshot_mode W2K: install “shadow copy client” W2K3/XP: “regsvr32 twext.dll” if
not visible
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Restoring data from snapshots (cont.)
Option 3 of 3: use the command-line on the filer to restore a file, directory, or volume
Fastest
Only a filer administrator can do this
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Note: making snapshots visible
If you cannot see the ~snapshot directory, two options must be enabled:
Under “CIFS”, “Configure”, “Options”, make sure “Show Snapshot” is enabled as a general CIFS option
For a specific volume, on the snapshot configuration screen, make sure “Snapshot Directory Visible” is enabled
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Note: making snapshots visible (cont.)
If you want to set the “previous versions” tab settings, you can configure this via an option:
cifs.ms_snapshot_mode off: empty “previous versions” tab xp: Windows XP, Windows 2003, Windows Vista,
Windows 2008 Server users will see the previous versions of a document
pre-xp: Windows 2000, XP, 2003, Vista, 2008 users with the Shadow Copy Client installed will be able to see the previous versions
You must also enable snapshot directory visibility at the volume level for all this to work
If you want to see previous versions, but NOT the ~snapshot directory, your only option is to disable the ~snapshot directory globally from CIFS → Options
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Volume space and snapshot reservation
A newly created snapshot does not take up any space
A snapshot only takes up place if the original files change or are deleted
Generally, the older a snapshot, the bigger it gets
Some estimates about snapshot growth: Volumes containing user data, file shares, etc.
1% growth per day (blocks changed) Volumes containing LUNs, SAN data
10-20% growth per day (blocks changed) To this extend, by default the filer will reserve some
volume space for snapshots 20% by default SNAPSHOTS CAN GET BIGGER THAN THE RESERVATION!
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Volume space and snapshot reservation – Example 1
Volume: 40Mb capacity = 32Mb usable:
Create a file with a size less than 8Mb:
Create a snapshot, the snapshot is close to 0 bytes in size
Delete the file, snapshot size has grown, free space back to normal
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Volume space and snapshot reservation – Example 2
Volume: 40Mb capacity = 32Mb usable:
Create a file with a size over 8Mb:
Create a snapshot, the snapshot is close to 0 bytes in size
Delete the file, snapshot size has grown, but the snapshot size has eaten into the free disk space of the active filesystem
NAS Quickstart
Table of Contents Scenario 1: Create storage space (volume) and share it
to MS Windows clients
Scenario 2: Share storage space via MMC console
Scenario 3: Expand/shrink a volume while clients are connected
Scenario 4: Snapshots: creating, scheduling, restoring from snapshots
Scenario 5: Working with quotas on the filer
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 5Working with quotas on the filer
Quotas:
Limit amount of disk space or number of files that can be used by a quota target
Track amount of disk space
Warn users when disk space or file usage is high
Targets:
Unix User or Windows User (“user quota”)
Unix group (“group quota”)
Qtree (“qtree quota”)
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 5 (cont.)Working with quotas on the filer (cont.)
Navigate to “Volume”, then “Quotas”, then “Manage”
Quotas must be turned on for a particular volume
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 5 (cont.)Working with quotas on the filer (cont.)
Let's add a qtree quota for a volume
Click on “Edit Rules” under “Quotas”
Click on “Add Quota Rule”. A wizard will appear
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 5 (cont.)Working with quotas on the filer (cont.)
Once the wizard has complete, you can list the quota rule, and even modify it afterwards
After quota rule modification on a volume, you must perform a quota resize operation on that volume for changes to take effect
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 5 (cont.)Some Important Quota Consideration
There are:
Default quotas (by using an asterisk “*”)
Explicit quotas
Explicit quotas override default quotas
Use default tracking quotas !
Quota Override Rules
More restrictive rules apply – the limit that is reached first is the one applied
The user “administrator” is not subject to USER quotas on the filer
Types:
hard quotas = cannot be exceeded
soft quotas = can be exceeded, trap sent when exceeded or ok again
thresholds = can be exceeded, only triggers trap if exceeded
NAS Quickstart
NAS – Scenario 5 (cont.)Some Important Quota Consideration (cont.)
QUOTA_TARGET_DOMAIN & QUOTA_PERFORM_USER_MAPPING
See article 3425 - Quota Use Guide For NetApp Storage Systems
“quota on” versus “quota resize”
Create default user, group and tree quotas for tracking purposes only
NAS Quickstart