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Neil G. Bauman, Ph.D. EDITOR's NOTE - Although most audiologists

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Page 1: Neil G. Bauman, Ph.D. EDITOR's NOTE - Although most audiologists

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Page 2: Neil G. Bauman, Ph.D. EDITOR's NOTE - Although most audiologists

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Page 3: Neil G. Bauman, Ph.D. EDITOR's NOTE - Although most audiologists

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! a

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Page 6: Neil G. Bauman, Ph.D. EDITOR's NOTE - Although most audiologists

! c

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Page 7: Neil G. Bauman, Ph.D. EDITOR's NOTE - Although most audiologists

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Page 8: Neil G. Bauman, Ph.D. EDITOR's NOTE - Although most audiologists

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Page 9: Neil G. Bauman, Ph.D. EDITOR's NOTE - Although most audiologists

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Page 10: Neil G. Bauman, Ph.D. EDITOR's NOTE - Although most audiologists

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Page 11: Neil G. Bauman, Ph.D. EDITOR's NOTE - Although most audiologists

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Page 12: Neil G. Bauman, Ph.D. EDITOR's NOTE - Although most audiologists

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i60$!D8-B*DB!B0$!>8DB8?!B8!%-=$6B%;*B$!*&B$?-*B%=$!>?+;6!9%B0!B0$!6*,$!A$-$:%B6.!A+B!9%B08+B!047$?*D+6%6!*6!*!G-89-!6%>$!$::$DB(!H-!D$?B*%-!6%B+*B%8-6.!H!,*4!D8,,+-%D*B$!>%?$DB&4!9%B0!B0$!7046%D%*-!8-!B0$6$!%66+$6(!!M!764D0%*B?%6B!$L7&*%-$>!B0*B!*!7*B%$-B!8:!0$?6!0*>!6$=$?*&!764D0%*B?%D!7?8A&$,6.!A+B!B0$!8-$!B0%-;!A8B0$?%-;!B0$!7*B%$-B!*A8=$!*&&!$&6$!9*6!6$=$?$!047$?*D+6%6(!F0$!7*B%$-B!0*>!B?%$>!047$?*D+6%6!?$,$>%$6!9%B08+B!%,7?8=$,$-B(!F0$!764D0%*B?%6B!*6G$>!,$!%:!B0$?$!9*6!*-4B0%-;!B0*B!,%;0B!0$&7!0$?!7*B%$-B(!!Q4!:%?6B!?$*DB%8-!9*6!B8!2B0%-G!>?+;6(2!H!*6G$>!90*B!,$>%D*B%8-6!B0$!7*B%$-B!9*6!8-!*->!

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h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`^632'#J6^=2"&'(%-8^63**66HB!%6!-8B!8-&4!8B8B8L%D!>?+;6!B0*B!>*,*;$!8+?!$*?6.!B0$?$!*?$!*B!&$*6B!"KU!8B8B8L%D!D0$,%D*&6!B0*B!*&68!;%=$!+6!;?%$:("!!

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e$?6.!?+;!D&$*-$?6.!67?*4!7*%-B.!=*?-%60$6!*->!988>!7?$6$?=*B%=$6!B8!-*,$!*!:$9("V.!"K!!

H-!*>>%B%8-.!7$87&$!,*4!A$!$L786$>!B8!8B8B8L%D!D0$,%D*&6!%:!B0$4!98?G!%-!8-$!8:!B0$!,*-4!,*-+:*DB+?%-;!7&*-B6!*->!:*DB8?%$6!B0*B!+6$!8?;*-%D!68&=$-B6!8?!0$*=4!,$B*&6(!<+D0!7?8D$66$6!*6!$&$DB?87&*B%-;.!608$!,*-+:*DB+?%-;.!>?4!D&$*-%-;.!D8&>!=+&D*-%e*B%8-.!$&$DB?8-%D!A*BB$?4!,*-+:*DB+?$!*->!78&4=%-4&!D0&8?%>$!,*-+:*DB+?%-;!*&&!+6$!=*?%8+6!8B8B8L%D!D0$,%D*&6("K!!

_+?B0$?.!B0$!78&&+B*-B6!%-!B0$!*%?!D*-!*&68!0+?B!7$87&$65!$*?6(!1$7$->%-;!8-!B0$!B47$!*->!6$=$?%B4!8:!B0$!*%?!78&&+B%8-.!7$87&$!D*-!$->!+7!9%B0!0$*?%-;!&866.!A*&*-D$!7?8A&$,6!8?!8B0$?!>*,*;$!B8!B0$%?!$*?6([!!

Q86B!7$87&$!7?8A*A&4!B0%-G!8:!*%?!78&&+B%8-!*6!8DD+??%-;!8+B6%>$(!T89$=$?.!>*-;$?8+6!*%?!78&&+B%8-!*&68!?$6%>$6!9%B0%-!08,$6.!8::%D$6!*->!:*DB8?%$6(!Q*-4!8:!B0$!%->88?!78&&+B*-B6!*?$!8?;*-%D!68&=$-B6(!E0$-!7$87&$!%-0*&$!:+,$6!:?8,!B0$6$!68&=$-B6.!B0$4!6&89&4!A+B!6+?$&4!>*,*;$!B0$%?!$*?6(!!C-$!6B+>4!8:!98?G$?6!%-!*!?+AA$?!:*DB8?4!?$=$*&$>!Kb`!0*>!6+AD&%-%D*&!*A-8?,*&%B%$6!%-!B0$!*+>%B8?4!7*B09*46!*->!%-!B0$%?!A?*%-6B$,6.!>+$!B8!68&=$-B6!+6$>!%-!,*-+:*DB+?%-;!?+AA$?("c!C-$!7*B%$-B!&86B!0$?!0$*?%-;!?$6+&B%-;!:?8,!6$=$?*&!4$*?6!8:!+6%-;!67?*4!=*?-%60!%-!0$?!;*?*;$!9%B08+B!*>$P+*B$!=$-B%&*B%8-(!3*-B"#"!%-!B0$!=*?-%60!9*6!B0$!D+&7?%B(!!<8,$B%,$6.!8B8B8L%D!>*,*;$!:?8,!8?;*-%D!68&=$-B6!%6!8A=%8+6S6+D0!*6!90$-!%B!?$6+&B6!%-!,*66%=$!0$*?%-;!&866!8?!?8*?%-;!B%--%B+6(!T89$=$?.!%-!8B0$?!D*6$6!Y6$$!*A8=$!6B+>4Z!?$6+&B6!D*-!A$!%-6%>%8+6!*->!6+AB&$.!7?$6$-B%-;!*6!%,7*%?$>!D$-B?*&!*+>%B8?4!7?8D$66%-;(!I=$-!B08+;0!B0$!D0$,%D*&!0*6-5B!D*+6$>!?$>+D$>!20$*?%-;2!*6!,%;0B!A$!$L7$DB$>!8-!*-!*+>%8;?*,.!B0$!7$?68-!*::$DB$>!D*-5B!+->$?6B*->!$=$?4B0%-;!B0$4!0$*?(!!M!A%B!8:!7?8A%-;!,*4!?$=$*&!B0*B!0$*?%-;!&866!%6!B0$!?$6+&B!8:!$L786+?$!B8!*-!8B8B8L%D!D0$,%D*&!90$?$!48+!&$*6B!$L7$DB!B8!:%->!%B(!F0$?$:8?$.!%-!*>>%B%8-!B8!B0%-G%-;!2>?+;6.2!*&68!B0%-G!2D0$,%D*&6(2!!)/BC67#$"/%($'*#86%#?61%/8663%BB&$!%6!G-89-!*A8+B!089!8B8B8L%D!>?+;6!*>=$?6$&4!*::$DB!8+?!$*?6(!1?*,*B%D*&&4!&$66!%6!G-89-!*A8+B!8B8B8L%D!6%>$!$::$DB6!90$-!B98!8?!,8?$!8B8B8L%D!>?+;6!*?$!D8-6+,$>!*B!B0$!6*,$!B%,$(!T89$=$?.!68,$!%-B$?$6B%-;!Y*->!%,78?B*-BZ!B0%-;6!0*=$!D8,$!B8!&%;0B!%-!?$D$-B!

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F0%6!0*6!%,78?B*-B!%,7&%D*B%8-6!:8?!B0$!*+>%8&8;%6B!B?$*B%-;!0$*?%-;!*%>!7*B%$-B6!9%B0!0$*?%-;!*%>6!*->!8B0$?!*,7&%:%D*B%8-!646B$,6(!1?(!R*,$6!n*&G*-%6.!Q(1(.!?$D8,,$->6!6$BB%-;!B0$!;*%-!*->!,*L%,+,!789$?!8+B7+B!YQ/CZ!*6!&89!*6!7866%A&$!%-!8?>$?!B8!7?8B$DB!48+?!7*B%$-B65!$*?6!90%&$!B0$%?!$*?6!*?$!=$?4!6$-6%B%=$!B8!B0$!$::$DB6!8:!-8%6$.!6$D8->*?4!B8!8B8B8L%D!,$>%D*B%8-6(!H:!*!7*B%$-B!*&?$*>4!9$*?6!0$*?%-;!*%>6.!48+!608+&>!%-6B?+DB!0%,!B8!G$$7!B0$!=8&+,$!>89-!>+?%-;!B0%6!B%,$!*&68("a!F0$!6*,$!%6!B?+$!:8?!7$87&$!$L786$>!B8!8B8B8L%D!D0$,%D*&6!%-!B0$!98?G7&*D$(!E8?G$?6!$L786$>!B8!8B8B8L%D!D0$,%D*&6!608+&>!A$!*>=%6$>!B0*B!%B!%6!%-!B0$%?!A$6B!0$*&B0!%-B$?$6B!B8!G$$7!B0$!=8&+,$!>89-!8-!B0$%?!0$*?%-;!*%>6.!*->!B8!G$$7!B0$!98?G!$-=%?8-,$-B!*6!P+%$B!*6!%6!7866%A&$(!!E0*B!%6!*!6*:$!&$=$&!%-!6+D0!6%B+*B%8-6]!F0$!8-&4!B0%-;!G-89-!:8?!6+?$!%6!B0*B!D+??$-B!6B*->*?>6!*?$!-8B!6B?%-;$-B!$-8+;0(!N$6$*?D0$?6!9$?$!6+?7?%6$>!B8!>%6D8=$?!B0*B!90$-!-8%6$!*->!8B8B8L%D!*;$-B6!B$*,!+7!B8!>*,*;$!$*?6.!B0%6!>*,*;$!D*-!8DD+?!$=$-!B08+;0!$L786+?$!B8!A8B0!-8%6$!%#?!D0$,%D*&6!*?$!<'$2'#6(B//"#$-,6%(("0$%4-"6-'&'$8X"W!!!;'C26K/"PB"#(,6;"%/'#C63"8$'#C6'867&0*/$%#$66Q*-4!8B8B8L%D!>?+;6!*->!D0$,%D*&6!A$;%-!>$6B?84%-;!0$*?%-;!*B!B0$!0%;0$6B!:?$P+$-D%$6!:%?6B.!*->!*6!$L786+?$!D8-B%-+$6.!&89$?!:?$P+$-D%$6!A$D8,$!%-=8&=$>(!<%-D$!0$*?%-;!%6!B?*>%B%8-*&&4!8-&4!B$6B$>!+7!B8!U!GTe.!,86B!'#'$'%-!D*6$6!8:!0$*?%-;!&866!:?8,!8B8B8L%D!>?+;6!*->!D0$,%D*&6!*?$!#"D"/!?$=$*&$>!A4!6B*->*?>!*+>%8,$B?%D!B$6B%-;(!!T89$=$?.!0%;0\:?$P+$-D4!*+>%8,$B?4!%6!%,78?B*-B!%:!0$*?%-;!&866!:?8,!8B8B8L%D!>?+;6!%6!B8!A$!,%-%,%e$>!8?!7?$=$-B$>(!T%;0\:?$P+$-D4!*+>%8,$B?4!D*-!?$=$*&!B0$!$*?&4!$::$DB6!8:!8B8B8L%D!>?+;6!A$:8?$!B%--%B+6!*77$*?6!8?!0$*?%-;!>*,*;$!%6!=%6%A&$!8-!*!D8-=$-B%8-*&!*+>%8;?*,!Y[aW!*->!U.WWW!TeZ(!!H-!6B+>%$6!%-=8&=%-;!='80-%$'#.!B0$!@'/8$!%->%D*B%8-6!8:!0$*?%-;!&866!%-<%,8!*77$*?$>!A$B9$$-!"W.WWW!*->!"c.WWW!Te([K!C:!D8+?6$.!6B*->*?>!*+>%8,$B?%D!B$6B%-;!98+&>!-8B!0*=$!?$=$*&$>!B0%6!0$*?%-;!&866.!*6!%B!%,7*DB6!0%;0$?!B0*-!B47%D*&&4!B$6B$>!:?$P+$-D%$6(!!<$=$?*&!8B8B8L%D!D0$,%D*&6!D*+6$!'#'$'%-!0$*?%-;!&866!%-!B0$!0%;0!:?$P+$-D%$6(!_8?!$L*,7&$.!0%;0\:?$P+$-D4!0$*?%-;!B$6B%-;!?$=$*&$>!B0*B!98?G$?6!$L786$>!B8!&89!D8-D$-B?*B%8-6!8:!8$,/"#"!:+,$6!:8?!a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a!F0$?$:8?$.!%:!48+!9*-B!B8!G-89!90$B0$?!>?+;6!8?!D0$,%D*&6!*?$!%-6%>%8+6&4!6B$*&%-;!48+?!7*B%$-B65!0$*?%-;.!48+!

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