NEDO’s Efforts in Research and Development of Low GWP Alternative Technology

Shinji KakunoShinji KakunoDeputy Director GeneralEnvironment DepartmentNew Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization（NEDO）New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization（NEDO）

1 Introduction of NEDO

Contents

1. Introduction of NEDO

2. Progress in Fluorinated Gas Regulations

and Measures

3 NEDO Projects to Reduce Fluorinated Gas Emissions3. NEDO Projects to Reduce Fluorinated Gas Emissions

4. Development of Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning

Systems Using Natural Refrigerants5. Development Examples5. Development Examples

(Freezer Showcases Using CO2 Refrigerants)

6. Ongoing NEDO Projects

7. Conclusions

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1. Introduction of NEDO

NEDO’S i iNEDO’S mission

Addressing globalAddressing global energy and

environmental Enhancing Japan’s

industrial technologyproblems

gy

Positioning of NEDO

Combined efforts of industryCoordination with

Ministry of

Combined efforts of industry, academia and government

Coordination with policymaking authorities

Promotion of

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry

IndustryAcademia

3national projects

Industry

2. Progress in Fluorinated Gas Regulations and MeasuresProtection of Ozone Layer

Vienna Convention ・ Montreal Protocol

ＣＦＣＣＦＣODP：Large

Gradual regulation of production volume and consumption amount

ＨＣＦＣＨＣＦＣ

Substitutes

ODP：LargeGWP：3,800–14,000

Substitutes

ＨＣＦＣＨＣＦＣODP：SmallGWP：90–2,300

1970 2000 2010 20201980 1990

Framework Convention on Climate Change

Substitutes

Prevention of Global Warming

ＨＦＣＨＦＣNeed for Increasing

New FrameworkFramework Convention on Climate Change・ Kyoto Protocol

ＨＦＣＨＦＣODP：ZeroGWP：140–11,700

New Measures

amount of emissions

Natural refrigerants (CONatural refrigerants (CO22, NH, NH33, etc.), HFO, etc.), HFOODP：ZeroGWP：1–10 4

’97 ’98 ’99 ’00 ’01 ’02 ’03 ’04 ’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14

3. NEDO Projects to Reduce Fluorinated Gas Emissions (1)

Alternative refrigerant, cleaning agent, blowing agent, etching gas using energy-saving synthetic technologies

1. R&D of new1. R&D of newalternative alternative materialsmaterials

Alternative CFC cleaning

Evaluation of alternative materialsmaterialsmaterialsAlternative refrigerant, blowing agent, CFC cleaning agent

agent Evaluation of alternative materials (Mg casting, electrical insulating system, electronic device etching system)

【半導体 液晶】Support for Support for

Electronic device cleaning system using SF6 substitute gas

【半導体・液晶】Support for practical implementation to control three fluorinated gas substitutes

practical practical implementationimplementation

Heat insulation materials

Electronic device etching systems and processes using alternative gas

2. R&D of recovery and 2. R&D of recovery and destruction technologiesdestruction technologies

SF6-free micro-structural control of magnesium alloy

3. R&D of fluorocarbon3. R&D of fluorocarbon--free technologiesfree technologies

Small-scale air-conditioning systems and freezing and refrigeration systems

High-efficiency and large-scale air-conditioning systems

destruction technologiesdestruction technologiesRecovery and recycling technologies for heat insulation materials

Application to fluorinated gas disposal facilities, CDM projectsResolution and destruction technologies for fluorinated gas

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Research and Development Support for Practical I l t ti

3. NEDO Projects to Reduce Fluorinated Gas Emissions (2)

Classification

Research and Development Implementation1. New

alternativematerials

2. Recoveryand destruction

3. Fluorocarbon-free technologies

Demonstration andpopularization・Development andmaterials destruction

technologiestechnologies Development and

introduction ofequipment

・ Field tests✓ ✓F-gas ✓ ✓

Refrigeration and air conditioning ✓ ✓ ✓

H t i l tiHeat insulation materials ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

Semiconductor and liquid crystal ✓ ✓liquid crystal

manufacturing✓ ✓

Electronic device cleaning ✓ ✓

Magnesium alloy casting ✓ ✓ ✓

Aerosol ✓

Electrical insulating system ✓

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4. Development of Refrigeration and Air-ConditioningSystems Using Natural RefrigerantsSector Refrigerant R&D Theme CompanySector Refrigerant R&D Theme Company

Residential CO2Development of a residential variable refrigerant volume (VRV) system Daikin Industries

NH3/CO2Non-fluorinated energy efficient refrigeration and

d f SandenNH3/CO2 air-conditioning system for convenience stores Sanden

Non-fluorinated refrigerator using mixed refrigerants of CO2 and HC Mac

Mitsubishi Heavy

Commercial

HC/CO2Propane/carbon dioxide cascade system for freezing, refrigeration and cold air conditioning

yIndustries Air Conditioning ＆Thermal Systems etc.

Development of an air conditioner using Mitsubishi Heavy Commercial p gsupercritical CO2 as a secondary refrigerant

yIndustries

HC Development of a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant air conditioner for commercial use Mayekawa Mfg.

Development of high-efficiency heat pump chiller Z l H tPDevelopment of high efficiency heat pump chiller with a hydrocarbon refrigerant Zeneral HeatPump

CO2

Air-conditioning system capable of simultaneous heating and cooling operation Mitsubishi Electric

Development of high efficiency technology for aDevelopment of high-efficiency technology for a CO2 refrigeration cycle Panasonic

TransportationAir Development of an air cycle for mobile air

conditioners and a desiccant system Earthship

D l f h li bil i

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pCO2

Development of a waste heat recycling mobile air conditioning system with a CO2 refrigerant Honda R&D

5. Development Examples(Freezer Showcases Using CO2 Refrigerants)

Research and Development(2005–2009)

Support for Practical Implementation(2010)

■ Two-stage rotary CO compressor ■ Demonstration of Japan’s first freezer■ Two-stage rotary CO2 compressor■ Circuit for CO2 (sprit cycle)■ System demonstration

■ Demonstration of Japan s first freezer showcases using CO2 refrigerants insupermarkets and convenience stores

■ Confirmation of reduction in powerpconsumption and CO2 emissions compared to conventional system

Low

High

Intermediate

Shell caseMotor

Low

SLHX

Two-stage rotary CO2 compressor

Internal heat exchanger

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Company: Panasonic Companies: Panasonic, Lawson, Co-op Sapporo

6. Ongoing NEDO ProjectsTechnology Development of High-Efficiency Non-Fluorinated

Ammonia New refrigerants

Large amount of refrigerants

Scope of development1. Major equipment

Air Conditioning Systems (2011–2015)

CO2

AirLarge cold storage warehouse and Large cold storage warehouse and ultraultra--low temperature refrigeratorslow temperature refrigerators

CO2

IndustrialIndustrial air conditionersair conditioners

j q p(compressors, heat exchangers, etc.)

2. New refrigerants3 Evaluation of refrigerant

Ammonia

CO2 New refrigerants

CO2

Room air conditionersRoom air conditionersMediumMedium--sized commercial sized commercial refrigeratorrefrigerator--freezersfreezers

3. Evaluation of refrigerantperformance and safety

(burnability, toxicity, etc.)

CO2

Vehicle air conditionersVehicle air conditionersAutomatic vending Automatic vending machines machines （（hothot））

New refrigerants Products not yet commercialized

Isobutane

Isobutaned l fd l f

CO2

Automatic vending Automatic vending machines machines （（coldcold）） CO2

Isobutane

CO2 Commercialized products

0-10-20-40-60 10 20 40 60Hot water supply systemsHot water supply systemsResidential refrigeratorsResidential refrigeratorsSmall amount

of refrigerants

Industrial refrigerators

Air-conditioningd i

Temperature

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refrigerators conditioning systems

Freezers and refrigerators

Heating systems

Alternative refrigerants for various types of equipment

7. Conclusions

1 To reduce ODS emissions originating from fluorocarbons1. To reduce ODS emissions originating from fluorocarbons and GHGs, NEDO has carried out many projects based on the roadmap prepared by the Japanese government for

l 20over nearly 20 years.

2. NEDO is not only developing different kinds of refrigerating y p g g gand air conditioning systems using natural refrigerant (CO2, ammonia, air, etc.). It also is assisting in the practical application of freezer showcases using CO2-basedapplication of freezer showcases using CO2 based refrigerant in supermarkets and convenience stores through research, development and demonstration activities.

3. NEDO is carrying out technology development of commercial air conditioning equipment that uses low-GWP refrigerant (CO2, HFO-123yf, HFO-1234ze, etc.) and is evaluating the performance and safety of the refrigerant. We also consider that the results will be embodied inWe also consider that the results will be embodied in amendment of laws in the future .

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ThankThank youyouha kha k youyouFebruary 2014

Shinji Kakuno

New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) Japan

Shinji Kakuno

Organization (NEDO), Japan

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