NEBOSH in Element IC1 and Safety General workplace issues · PDF file• When determining practical considerations, it is ... 22 • In the UK ... Sample of PowerPoint presentation

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NEBOSH International Diploma in Occupational Health and Safety

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Licence detailsACT Associates Limited

Victoria House, Lower High Street, Stourbridge DY8 1TA

© ACT Associates Limited.

Third Edition December 2013

All rights reserved. No part of this presentation may be stored in a retrieval system, reproduced, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without either the prior written permission of thePublishers.

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Issued to:

Single Licence

Licence No:

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Unit IC International Workplace and Work Equipment Safety

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Element IC1General workplace issues

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Learning outcomes

IC1.1 Explain the need for, and factors involved in, the provision and maintenance of a safe working environment, with specific reference to access and egress, pedestrians, and slips, trips and falls

IC1.2 Explain how safety signs are used in the workplace

IC1.3 Explain the assessment of risk and safe working practices associated with work in confined spaces

IC1.4 Outline the main issues associated with maintaining structural safety of workplaces

IC1.5 Explain the hazards, risks and controls when working at heights

IC1.6 Explain the hazards, risks and controls for lone working

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Contents

IC1.1 Safe working environment

IC1.2 Safety signs

IC1.3 Confined spaces

IC1.4 Structural safety of workplaces

IC1.5 Working at height

IC1.6 Lone working

Diploma Unit IC - Element IC1 - General workplace issues July 2014

Sample of PowerPoint presentation for NEBOSH International Diploma in Occupational Health and Safety 1

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Contents

IC1.1 Safe working environment

IC1.2 Safety signs

IC1.3 Confined spaces

IC1.4 Structural safety of workplaces

IC1.5 Working at height

IC1.6 Lone working

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Safe working environment

• Safe place of work

• Safe means of access and egress

• The design of surfaces to reduce slipping

• Wet coefficient of friction (CoF), slip resistant testing of footwear and surfaces

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• It is the duty of the employer to ensure a safe place of work

• When meeting this duty of care it is necessary to consider where the worker is located

• For example, standing in a warehouse conducting a stock take, in a sewer or on a scaffold, each has features that may present a hazard and would require control

• For example, the stocktaking area may have to be cordoned off to ensure fork lift trucks do not collide with the worker and the scaffold platform must be capable of taking the worker’s weight and be wide enough for the work being done

Safe places of work and safe means of access and egress

Safe place of work

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• When determining practical considerations, it is necessary to take regard to where the worker is located

• They may be standing in a warehouse determining the quantity of stock, in a sewer or on a scaffold, and each has features that may present a hazard and would require control

Practical considerations

Safe place of work

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• Other practical considerations in the provision and maintenance of a safe place of work include:

• Provision of good ventilation

• Reasonable temperatures

• Suitable and sufficient lighting

• Cleanliness and dealing with waste

• Adequate space

• Suitable workstations and seating

• Condition of floors

• Establishing traffic routes

Practical considerations

Safe place of work

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Safe means of access and egress

• Important to take regard of such matters as:

• Clearly marked gangways

• Walk routes that are free from obstruction

• The maintenance of floors and staircases and the organisation of traffic routes (including pedestrian traffic)

• A critical consideration when establishing traffic systems is the safety interface between pedestrians and traffic

• The routes that people use should be clearly defined and marked



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Safe means of access and egress

• When determining access and egress, account should be made of those with a disability and care should be taken to ensure that the workplace, including doors, passageways, stairs and access to showers, washbasins, lavatories and workstations are suitable for disabled persons

• As with the provision of a safe place of work, it is essential to make arrangements to ensure means of access and egress are maintained

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The design of surfaces to reduce slipping

Slip resistant surfaces should be provided:

• At the entrance of buildings

• On designated walkways

• On changes of level

• On ramps or slopes

• Where walkways intersect with internal transport routes

• In work areas where spills of liquids or dry contaminants are likely

• Where liquids are decanted or containers filled or stored

• On access areas used for inspection or maintenance

• Locations where workers need to go that are exposed to the weather

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The design of surfaces to reduce slipping

When designing and selecting a slip resistant surface consider:

• The consequences of slipping

• The type of contamination likely

• Ability to control contamination

• Level of use of the surface

• The range of people using the surface

• What people might be doing on the surface

• Environmental issues

• Level of control over footwear used

• The surface option

• The slip resistance rating

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Slip resistance surface on steps

Source: RMS.

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Anti‐slip flooring

Source: RMS.

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• A number which represents the friction between two surfaces

• The symbol usually used is • = R where is the coefficient of friction and R is the

F normal reaction force and F is the friction force

• The frictional force, F, will act parallel to the surfaces in contact and in a direction to oppose the motion that is taking/ trying to take place

• The coefficient of friction is dependent on both the surface of the material and that of the material sliding over it

Coefficient of friction (COF)

Wet coefficient of friction (COF), slip resistant testing of footwear and surfaces



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• The method of testing the slip resistance of surfaces and footwear is based on the use of two instruments

• A pendulum coefficient of friction test

• A surface micro roughness meter

Slip resistant testing of surfaces and footwear


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Pendulum coefficient of friction tester

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Roughness measuring instrument

Source: Taylor Hobson.

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• In the UK, the HSE has developed a web based slip assessment tool to assist with the evaluation of slipperiness of floor surfaces

• This can be used to guide the measurement and analysis of resistance measurements

• The roughness factor can be used to guide the selection of materials for the surface of work and walk surfaces

• Select a material with a high roughness for situations where contaminants are likely to reduce the coefficient of friction

• The roughness of the surface must be balanced with the need for and ability to clean the surface

Slip resistant testing of surfaces and footwear


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Slip assessment tool

Source: HSE.

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• Varies depending on the two materials involved, due to the two characteristic components of friction (see table)

• The higher the coefficient of friction the more resistance to slip there is between the two surfaces

Different coefficient of friction between one surface and another


Material 1 Material 2 µ

Rubber Asphalt (Dry) 0.5‐0.8

Rubber Asphalt (Wet) 0.25‐0.75

Rubber Concrete (Dry) 0.6‐0.85

Rubber Concrete (Wet) 0.45‐0.75



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• The presence of a contaminant on a surface can greatly influence the coefficient of friction

• The manner in which it affects it is very dependent upon factors such as the contact pressure, the size and shape of the contact area, the velocity of movement and the viscosity of the liquid

• Makes the measurement of in wet conditions much more complex

• Dry contaminants, such as dust and powders can also affect the coefficient of friction

Effects of contamination on surfaces in terms of COF


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Hydrodynamic effect

Source: CIRIA.

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• Cleaning of floors allows the:

• Removal of surface dirt and contaminant

• Original slip resistance of the surface to be restored

• Removal of microbial soiling

• Methods for cleaning floors include vacuum dust removal, washing, drying, sealing and polishing.

• Cleaning arrangements should be in place to deal with the routine removal of low level natural contamination and higher level process derived contamination

Methods for cleaning floors and the appropriate footwear to wear whilst cleaning


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Methods for cleaning floors and the appropriate footwear to wear whilst cleaning

• The cleaner should wear suitable footwear

• Sweep the floor and ensure equipment is clean

• Prevent people from walking on wet smooth floors until they are totally dry

• Close area, use barriers, clean in sections, as last resort use cones

• Warn those affected “wet cleaning in progress”

• Use the right balance of cleaning solution to water


Wet cleaning

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Methods for cleaning floors and the appropriate footwear to wear whilst cleaning Wet cleaning

• Observe the bucket solution condition/change when dirty

• After use, rinse cleaning equipment thoroughly

• Do not dispose of dirty fluid in food and hand sinks

• Wet the mop well and mop the area

• Leave solution on the floor/gently scrub the wet floor

• Use a squeegee to push the dirty water residue to the drain

• Give cleaned area a final mop over

• Dry off floor with dry mop/squeegee


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Part only of the complete Element IC1 – General workplace issues



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NEBOSH in Element IC1 and Safety General workplace issues · PDF file• When determining practical considerations, it is ... 22 • In the UK ... Sample of PowerPoint presentation