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Nditha Kuwerenga
Produced and published under USAID Funded Malawi Teacher Professional Development Support (MTPDS) Program in collaboration with Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MoEST), Government of Malawi.
Maziko a Kuwerenga
Ministry of Education Science and Technology
AcknowledgementsUnder USAID Funded Malawi Teacher Professional Development Support Program, this textbook is the product of collaboration among a community of government officials from the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MoEST), scholars, practitioners, and education development professionals. Each is dedicated to improving early grade literacy and has been proactive in the drive to improve learning outcomes for all children in Malawi. While they have brought their own specialized expertise or perspective to this particular task, they represent a larger community of parents and educators who seek a better education and future for their children. We thank them for their passion and vision, and the longer-term commitment to the Primary Curriculum and Assessment Reform (PCAR).
It is not possible to recognize each and every contribution made to this Maziko a Kuwerenga (Foundations of Reading) textbook. Dozens of committed educators and professionals participated this past year in the literacy activities of the USAID Funded Malawi Teacher Professional Development Support Program (MTPDS). The result is a scientifically valid understanding of the specific obstacles to literacy attainment facing students in the primary grades. This textbook uses that evidence-based data to address these obstacles.
USAID Funded MTPDS program extends a special appreciation to senior officials of MoEST especially Secretary of Education, Science and Technology, PS for basic education, Directors and staff of the Department of Inspectorate and Advisory Services (DIAS); Department of Teacher Education and Development (DTED); Malawi Institute of Education (MIE), Centre for Language Studies, Centre for Educational Research and Training and Teacher Training Colleges and Kasungu Teacher’s College. Special appreciation goes to them and to the teachers, students, and families from Chimweta and Kambwiri schools in Salima district who participated in the trial testing of lessons in this textbook. Their enthusiasm for education knows no bounds. This book is dedicated to them and the millions of other eager young learners across Malawi.
Finally, a special acknowledgement goes to the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)/Malawi for its financial and technical support. USAID/Malawi support to its MTPDS program and its close collaboration with MoEST has been central to this work and will help get this textbook into the hands of those who need it most. The opinions expressed in this textbook are those of the authors. They do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development.
Produced and published under USAID Funded Malawi Teacher Professional Development Support (MTPDS) Program in collaboration with Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MoEST), Government of Malawi.
Ministry of Education Science and Technology
1
Nditha KuwerengaZa Mkatimu
Mutu 1 ........................................................................................................ 2
Mutu 2 ........................................................................................................ 3
Mutu 3 ........................................................................................................ 8
Mutu 4 ...................................................................................................... 10
Mutu 5 ...................................................................................................... 14
Mutu 6 ...................................................................................................... 20
Mutu 7 ...................................................................................................... 26
Mutu 8 ...................................................................................................... 31
Mutu 9 ...................................................................................................... 36
Mutu 10 .................................................................................................... 41
Mutu 11 .................................................................................................... 46
Mutu 12 .................................................................................................... 51
Mutu 13 .................................................................................................... 57
Mutu 14 .................................................................................................... 59
Mutu 15 .................................................................................................... 62
Mutu 16 .................................................................................................... 65
Mutu 17 .................................................................................................... 68
Mutu 18 .................................................................................................... 71
Maziko a Kuwerenga
2
Mutu 1
a A
na
ana
n N
3
Mutu 2
a A n N
i I
na
ni
ana
ina
4
Mutu 2
a A n N i I
ana ina
aka ika kani
akana kana
k K
na ni
ka ki
5
Ikani aka.
6
Mutu 3
n N i I k K
u U
n i k a k i
nu ku
ina aka ika kana kani akana
uku uka una ukani anu inu kanu nanu
7
Ikani aka.
Ana inu ukani.
8
Mutu 3
i I k K u U
m M
ni ka ki nu ku
ma mi mu
uku uka una ukani anu inu kanu nanu
mama uma kumana mina nama ima
9
Ikani aka.Ana inu ukani.
Ana akumana nanu.
10
Mutu 4
k K u U m M
e E
ma nu ku mi mu
ne ke me
uku uka una ukani mina nama ima
kena ena mame eya mkeka make mema
a ku ma na akumana
11
Ana inu ukani.Ana akumana nanu.
Mame akamuka.
Amake amuka.
12
Mutu 4
u U m M e E
t T
nu ku mi mu ne ke me
ta t i tu te
kena ena mame mkeka make mema
atate mutu tuta tuma
ka ne ma kanema
13
Mame akamuka.Amake amuka.
Ana ameta.
Atate atuma ana.
14
Mutu 5
m M e E t T
o Onu ku mu ne ke me ta ti tu te
no ko mo to
kena ena mame make mema atate mutu tuta tuma
onani ona moto
akumana kanema
ku ko ma kukoma
15
Mame akamuka.Amake amuka.Ana ameta.Atate atuma ana.
Onani ana ometa.
Moni ana inu.
16
Mutu 5
e E t T o O
d Dne ke me ta ti tu te no ko mo to
da di du de do
onani ona moto
dana kuda doda adona doko dolo dala
akumana kanema kukoma
ko do la kodola
17
Ana ameta.Atate atuma ana.Onani ana ometa.Moni ana inu.
Onani doko.
Ana adana.
18
Mutu 5
t T o O d D
nd Ndta ti tu te no ko mo to da di du de do
ndi ndo ndu
moto dana kuda doda adona doko dolo dala
manda ndime ndodo ndani ndinu ndine ndolo
akumana kanema kukoma kodola
19
Onani ana ometa.Moni ana inu.Onani doko.Ana adana.
Onani ndodo.
Ndine ndanena.
20
Mutu 6
t T o O d D nd Nd
l Ltu te no ko mo to da di du de do ndi ndo ndu
la l i lu le lo
doda adona doko dolo dala manda ndime ndodo ndani ndinu ndine ndolo
leka lada lema alendo lata alema
akumana kanema kukoma kodola
ka la ta kalata ma la ta malata ku l i ma kul ima
21
Onani ana ometa.Moni ana inu.Onani doko.Ana adana.Onani ndodo.Ndine ndanena.
Leka kul ima.
Alendo alema.
Lata lada.
22
Mutu 6
o O d D nd Nd l L
z Zda di du de do ndi ndo ndu la li lu le lo
za z i zu ze zo
leka lada lema alendo lata alema
zula zala meza zuna zanga
kalata malata kulima
na na zi nanazi
i ku zu na ikuzuna
23
Leka kulima.Alendo alema.Lata lada.
Nanazi ikuzuna.
Zala zake zada.
24
Mutu 6
n N d D l L
dz n z nzde do ndi ndo ndu la li lu le lo za zi zu ze zo
nza nze nzi nzo nzu dza dzi dze dzo dzu
zula zala dala kala kana dana
madzi nzati dzulo mudzi nzanga nzimbe
kalata malata kulima nanazi ikuzuna
25
Leka kulima.Alendo alema.Lata lada.Nanazi ikuzuna.Zala zake zada.
Ateleka madzi.
Ana akana nzimbe.
26
Mutu 7
w W
wa wi wu we wo
wina wana wena waka wanu
Wina wanama.Moto wawo wazima.
zo wa wa zowawa
27
w W
k w kw
wa wi wu we wo
kwa kwi kwe
wina wana wena waka wanu
kwina kweza kwada kwera kwawa
zowawa
kwe kwe sa kwekwesa
Wina wanama.Moto wawo wazima.
Kunja kwada.
28
Mutu 7
w W
s S
wa wi wu we wo kwa kwi kwe
sa s i su se so
waka wanu kwina kweza kwada kwera kwawa
sesa sula seka suta s i ta saka soka
zowawakwekwesa
Wina wanama.Moto wawo wazima.Kunja kwada.Suyenera kusuta muno.Sauko sanasese.
29
w W s S
t s ts
wa wi wu we wo kwa kwi kwe sa si su se so
tso ts i tsa tse tsu
wena waka wanu kwina kweza kwada kwera kwawa sesa sula seka suta sita saka soka
tsamba tseka ts i ra ts iku
zowawakwekwesa
tse ku la tsekulatso pa no tsopano
Kunja kwada.Suyenera kusuta muno.Sauko sanasese.
Tseka chitseko.Atate atsuka mano.
30
Mutu 7
Ana inu siyani kusesa. Tsopano kwada. Titsiriza mawa.
31
Mutu 8
w W s S
p P
wi wu we wo sa si su se so kwa kwi kwe tso tsi tsa tse tsu
pa pi pu pe po
wina wana wena waka wanu kwina kweza kwada kwera kwawa sesa sula seka suta tsira tsikuponda pana pima puma peka
zowawa tsopanokwekwesa tsekula
Osaponda apa.Pumani apa.
32
Mutu 8
w W s S p P
m p mp
kwa kwi kwe tso tsi tsa tse tsu pa pi pu pe po
mpa mpe
wanu kwina kweza kwada sita saka soka tsamba tseka ponda pana pima puma peka
mpeni mpini mpani mpata
tsekulatsopano
Osaponda apa.Pumani apa.
mpa ndo mpando
33
w W s S p P
y Y
kwi kwe tso tsi tsa tse tsu pa pi pu pe po mpa mpe
ya yi yu ye yo
waka wanu kwina kweza kwada sita saka soka tsamba tseka ponda pana pima puma peka mpeni Iye yanu uyu eya iyo
zowawakwekwesampando
Osaponda apa.Pumani apa.lye waseka.Tsuka mano.Akusita malaya.
34
Mutu 8
ny Ny
kwi kwe tso tsi tsa tse tsu pa pi pu pe po ya yi yu ye yo
nye nya nyi nyu
sula seka suta tsira tsiku ponda pana pima puma peka mpeni Iye yanu uyu eya iyo
nyika nyula nyama nyani
a nya ni anyaninye mba nyembaku ye nda kuyenda zi ku po nda ni z ikupondani a do to lo adotolo
Tsuka mano.Akusita malaya.
Pano pal i nyerere.Nyama yawada.Mpando wanyowa.
35
zolusa zikupondani
Uzani ana akhale chete. Kuli nyama zolusa. Anyani ndi afisi. Zikupondani mowawa. Mukanika kuyenda. Mpaka mupita kwa adotolo.
36
Mutu 9
w W s S p P
b B
kwi kwe tso tsi tsa tse tsu pa pi pu pe po ya yi yu ye yo
ba be bi bo bu
waka wanu kwina kweza seka suta tsira tsiku ponda pana peka mpeni Iye yanu
ababa bala bodza waba bowa
nyemba zikupondani adotolo mpando kuyenda anyanibe le ka beleka la po la lapola wa bo dza wabodza
Bala lake l ikuwawa.Uyu ndi wabodza. Amayi abeleka mwana.
37
w W s S p P b B
b w bw
kwi kwe tso tsi tsa tse tsu pa pi pu pe po ya yi yu ye yo
bwa bwe bwi
ababa bala bodza waba
bwera bwana bwino bwenzi bwalo bwato
beleka lapola wabodza
Amayi abeleka mwana.Atate abwera.lz i z i l i bwino.lwe palasa bwato.Pi ta pa bwalo.
38
Mutu 9
w W s S p P b B
h H
pa pi pu pe po ya yi yu ye yo
ha he hi ho hu
ababa bala bodza waba bwera bwana bwino bwenzi bwalo bwato
hema habu hamala hatchi
ho na ra honarama he wu mahewu
Iwe palasa bwato.Pita pa bwalo.Agona mu hema.Uyu ndi gule wa honara.Mwana akumwa mahewu.
39
w W s S p P b B h H
kh Kh
pa pi pu pe po ya yi yu ye yo
kha khe khi kho khu
ababa bala bodza waba bwera bwana bwino bwenzi bwalo bwato hema hamalakhoma khola khanda khala khudza khasu khomo
wabodza honara mahewu
Khalani pabwalo.Wabeleka khanda.Khala pansi .Al i pa khomo.Watenga khasu.
40
Mutu 9
Nyani wakhala pa mpando. Awona bakha ali pabwalo. Pafupi ndi bakhayo pali agogo. Agogo akukhoma mpando. Mpandowu si wa ndalema.
wakhala pabwalo akukhoma ndalema
41
Mutu 10
p P b B h H kh Kh
g G
bi bo bu ha he hi ho hu bwa bwe bwi kha khe khi kho khu
ga ge gi go gu
bwino bwenzi bwalo bwato bwetu khoma khola khanda khala khudza khasu khomo
galu gula gogo genda gona gulu
go go da gogoda
Agula galu.Ababa agoba bwato.Agogo akugogoda.Mwana wagona.
42
Mutu 10
p P b B h H kh Kh g G
ng Ng
ho hu bwa bwe bwi kha khe khi kho khu ga ge gi go gu
nga nge ngi ngu ngo
galu gula gogo genda gona gulu gogoda
ngozi ngul i ngoma
gogoda
chi nge le nge le chingelengele
Ababa agoba bwato.Agogo akugogoda.Mwana wagona.
Watola chingelengele.Akusema ngul i .
43
p P b B h H kh Kh g G
r Rha he hi ho hu kha khe khi kho khu ga ge gi go gu nga nge ngi ngu ngo
ra re r i ro ru
galu gula gogo genda gona gulu gogoda ngozi nguli ngomampira kawir i wagwira abwera mali ro kwambir i lero
Akusema nguli.Wagwira mbendera.Abwera mawa.Kul i mali ro.Osadodoma kwambir i .
44
Mutu 10
p P b B h H kh Kh g G r R
th Th
ga ge gi go gu nga nge ngi ngu ngo ra re ri ro ru
tha the thi tho thu
galu gula gogo genda gona gulu gogoda mpira kawiri
thole thawa thira thumba
gogoda chingelengele
tha ma nga thamanga tha nga ta thangata
Kuli maliro.Osadodoma kwambir i .Hana wathawa galu.Abambo athawa.Akuthira feteleza.
45
wanga chona mozemba
Galu wanga amakonda kusewera. Koma amadana ndi chona. Amayenda mozemba akawona chona. Amafuna amugwire akabwera pafupi. Koma chona amathawa.
46
Mutu 11
g G r R th Th
ch
ga ge gi go gu nga nge ngi ngu ngo ra re ri ro ru tha the thi tho thu
cha che chi cho chu
galu gula gogo genda gona gulu gogoda mpira thole thawa thira thumba china chona cheyo chulu chala
Chona wakwera pa chulu.Chala changa chatupa.
47
g G r R th Th ch
Ch
ga ge gi go gu nga nge ngi ngu ngo ra re ri ro ru tha the thi tho thu cha che chi cho chu
galu gula gogo genda gona gulu gogoda mpira thole thawa thira thumba china chona cheyo chulu chala
Chona wakwera pa chulu.Chala changa chatupa
48
Mutu 11
g G r R th Th ch Ch
f F
gi go gu nga nge ngi ngu ngo ra re ri ro ru tha the thi tho thu cha che chi cho chu
fa fe f i fo fu
gulu gogoda mpira thole thawa thira thumba china chona cheyo chulu chala
fulu fodya f is i fewa
fa na na fanana
Chona wakwera pa chulu.Chala changa chatupa.
Fis i wal i ra.
49
g G r R th Th ch Ch f F
mb Mb
nga nge ngi ngu ngo ra re ri ro ru tha the thi tho thu cha che chi cho chu fa fe fi fo fu
mba mbe mbi mbu mbo
mpira thole thawa thira thumba chin chona cheyo chulu chala fulu fodya fisi fewambewa mbala mbuna mboni mbina
fanana
mba ta ta mbatata
Chala changa chatupa.Fisi walira.Mbatata iyi ndi yowola.Mbewa zathawa.Ndifuna mbewa zanga.
50
Mutu 11
Chimwemwe akukumba mbatata. Afuna akaphike futal i . Iye awona mbewa. Afuna kupha mbewayo. Mbewa i thawira kudzenje.
futal i mbewayo i thawira kudzenje
51
Mutu 12
ch Ch f F mb Mb
j J
cha che chi cho chu fa fe fi fo fu mba mbe mbi mbu mbo
ja je j i jo ju
chona cheyo chulu chala fulu fodya fisi fewa mbewa mbala mbuna mboni mbinauja kuja jeda juzi jasi jowa banja
je ke te jekete
Joni wagula juzi .Jeke uja waba jasi .
52
Mutu 12
ch Ch f F mb Mb j J
nj Nj
cha che chi cho chu fa fe fi fo fu mba mbe mbi mbu mbo
nja nje nj i njo nju
cheyo chulu chala fulu fodya fisi fewa mbewa mbala mbuna mboni mbina ja je ji jo junjala njuchi njat i nj i nga nj i ra njovu
jekete
Joni wagula juzi.Jeke uja waba jasi.
Njala ikuwawa.Njuchi yamuluma.
53
ch Ch f F mb Mb j J nj Nj
v V
cha che chi cho chu fa fe fi fo fu mba mbe mbi mbu mbo ja je ji jo ju nja nje nji nju njo
va ve vi vo vu
mbina uja kuja jeda juzi jasi jowa banja njala njuchi njati nji,nga njira njovu
vala vina veka velo vana voka vula
jeketeVelonika
Jeke uja waba jasi.Njala ikuwawa.Njuchi yamuluma.Velonika wavala velo.Ana avina bwino.
54
Mutu 12
ch Ch f F mb Mb j J nj Nj v V
ph Ph
fa fe fi fo fu mba mbe mbi mbu mbo ja je ji jo ju nja nje nji nju njo va ve vi vo vu
pha phe phi pho phu
jowa banja njala njuchi njati nji nga njira njovu vala vina veka velo vana voka vulaphala phada phesi phuka phika
Velonika
pho ko so phokosokwa mve ka kwamveka
Njuchi yamuluma.Velonika wavala velo.Ana avina bwino.Amayi aphika phala.Ku phir i kul i phokoso.
55
anajowa mavuto kuseli naphini
Ndithawire kut i? Njonjoma anajowa. Ndaponda chofewa! Kodi ndi chiyani? Aaa ndi njoka. Talekani ntathawa. Mayoo kunonso kul i njuchi. Ndithawira kut i tsono? Ndikwere pachulu? Mavuto zedi. Oooh! Kul inso njat i ndi njovu. Mwina kuphir iko. Kut i ndikabisale. Kusel i kwa mtengo wa naphini .
56
Mutu 13
d w
d w dwde da du di do wa wu wi wo we
dwa dwe dwi
dwala khal idwe chidwi
g
g w gw
ga ge gi go gu
gwa gwe gwi
dwala khalidwe chidwi
gwape gwada gwira wagwa wagwira
57
amadzigwedeza kunyadira chidwi chikhal idwe
Anthu akwathu amavina mopatsa chidwi. Amadzigwedeza ngati al ibe mafupa. Owonerera nkumati , “Kodi amenewa saagwa?” Ngakhale odwala amachira. Ukutu ndiye kunyadira chikhal idwe chathu.
58
Mutu 14
m l
m l ml
ma me mi mo mu la le li lo lu
mla mle mli mlo mlu
mlendo mlandu mlezi mlonda mlongo mlulu
59
m l ml n s
n s ns
mla mle mli mlo mlu na ne ni no nu sa se si so su
nsa nse nsi nso nsu
mlendo mlandu mlezi mlonda mlongo mlulu
nsomba nsalu nsikwa nsembe nsuma
60
Mutu 14
amuzenga wodelera mlandu mlongo
Mlongo wanga wagula nsomba. Afuna kukathira nsembe. Iye wavala nsalu ya maluwa. Koma ee amfumu akwiya. Akuti sanawauze za nsembeyo. Amuzenga mlandu wodelera mfumu.
61
Mutu 15
f w
f w fw
fa fe fi fo fu wa we wi wo wu
fwa fwe fwi
fwafwaza fwenkha fwikofwiko fwala chifwamba
m k
m k mkfwa fwe fwi ma me mi mo mu ka ke ki ko ku
mka mke mki mko mku
fwafwaza fwenkha fwikofwiko fwala chifwamba
mkaka mkanda mkeka mkoko mkuzi mkono
62
Mutu 15
ladzaoneni anabooka yofwafwaza phwando
Ku ukwati wa Nangondo kunali phwando ladzaoneni. Atate ake anapha ng’ombe. L inal i ts iku losayiwalika chifukwa Yona anadya nyama yowotcha ndi yofwafwaza. Yona amadya osasamba m’manja ndipo zotsat i ra zake anabooka m’mimba. Anzake omwe amawamana nyama amamuseka. Yona anathawa osawoneranso ukwatiwo.
63
Mutu 16
m t
m t mt
ma me mi mo mu ta te ti to tu
mta mte mti mto mtu
mtambo mtolo mtembo mtima mtedza mtengatenga mtunda mtokoma
64
Mutu 16
v
m v mv
mta mte mti mto mtu va ve vi vo vu
mva mve mvi mvo mvu
mtambo mtolo mtembo mtima mtedza mtengatenga mtunda mtokomamvano mvera mvunguti mvuu kandimvelere vimvi
65
mvunguti wadooka anal iyatsa atalefuka
Mtendere anapita ku dambo. Amafuna kukadula mtengo wa mvunguti . Mtengowu ul i pafupi ndi munda wa mtedza. Ataf ika pamalopo iye ananyadira mumtima mwake. Mwadzidzidzi anamva kul i ra kwa mvuu. Eee! Lero ndikufa! Mwamsanga anal iyatsa l iwiro la mtondo wadooka. Anafika kunyumba atalefuka.
66
Mutu 17
p s
p s ps
pa pe pi po pu sa se si so su
psa pse psi pso psu
psopsona psata chapsa poopsa psuta pserera psi t i
w
p w pw
pa pe pi po pu wa we wi
pwa pwe pwi
psopsona psata chapsa poopsa psuta
pweteka pwapwata pwit ika
67
pwepwete l iwiro chithandizo ndinawapsopsona
“Abambo abwera!” Tonse t inathamanga. “Kaya andigul i ra chiyani?” Al iyense anadzifunsa. Nditaf ika pafupi ndinawapsopsona patsaya. “Ababa ndakulandirani,” ndinatero. Eee! Ine andibweretsera nsapato. Kunamveke pwepwete. “Kodi chakudya chi ja chapsa?” Amayi anafunsa. Bweretsani chakudya kut i abambo adye. Mali ta anal iyatsa l iwiro la kukitchini . Akuthamanga anagwa. Anapweteka mwendo. T inapita naye kuchipatala komwe anakalandira chithandizo.
68
Mutu 18
b z
b z bz
ba be bi bo bu za ze zi zo zu
bza bze bzi bzo bzu
bzala bzela bzukula bzola
69
kubzala ng’amba mbewu amang’ung’uza
Al imi ambir i amakonda kubzala mbewu zawo ndi mvula yoyamba. Iwowa amachita iz i powopa ng’amba. Imene imabwera ikangogwa mvula yoyamba. Al imi ena amawopa kul ima m’mbali mwa nyanja. Chifukwa amawopa ng’ona. Ana ambir i amang’ung’uza akawatuma kukabzala chimanga m’mbali mwa nyanja.
70
a Aana
n Nnanazi
i Iinsa
k Kkamba
u Uuta
m Mmango
e Eenivelopu
t Ttambala
o Oosewera
d Ddengu
l Llalanje
z Zzala
71
w Wwenzulo
s Ssaka
p Ppapaya
y Yyoyo
b Bbowa
h Hhatchi
g Ggogo
r Rrula
ch CHchule
f Ffoloko
j Jjekete
v Vvava