TsouicPaiwanic
Malayo-PolynesianTagalog
Indonesia
1945
SiniticTibeto-BurmanTai
Miao-Yao / Hmong-Mien
/ /
73%
”“”
25%
40%2006
1.6%
2008
100
2008
……
……
……
”
IPA)
19
b p m f d t n l g k ng h gw kw w z c s j
ba
pa
ma
fa
da
ta
na
la
ga
ka
nga
ha
gwa
kwa
wa
za
ca
sa
ya
9 8
aa i u e o a yu oe eo saa sing sung sei sou san syu hoe seon
-p -t -k -m -n -ng -i -u sap sat sak sam san sang sai sau
54
- i u m n ng p t k
aa aa aai aau aam aan aang aap aat aak
a - ai au am an ang ap at ak
e e ei eu * em * - eng ep * - ek
i i - iu im in ing ip it ik
o o oi ou - on ong - ot ok
oe oe - - - - oeng - - oek
eo - eoi - - eon - - eot -
u u ui - - un ung - ut uk
yu yu - - - yun - - yut - - - - m - ng - - -
*
17
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