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COURSE-NCP 30
ASSIGNMENT
COURSE TITLE
Site Organisation and Management
NCP 30 - Site Organisation and Management
[Type text]
ASSIGNMENT
1. Course No. - NCP 30
2. Course Title - Site Organisation and Management
3. Assignment No. - Four
4. Date of Dispatch - _____________________________
5. Last date of receipt of Assignment - _____________________________
At CODE office
ASSIGNMENT
Your company has been awarded a prestigious contract of building 500 m
length pre-stressed concrete bridge on a national highway crossing the major river.
Due to cultivation on both sides of highway, very restricted space of only 100 M in
width and 300 m in length is available on both sides of highway.
To mobilize the site, your management asked you to house 350T of cement,
300T of steel, 2 size II crawlers – Tractor Dozer, one mobile crane, one JCB, ten
dumpers. Labour force of 100 men n addition to site office complete with
communication set up.
Discuss your plan to organize the site, draw lay out sketch showing all details.
Wind direction is from West to East and Bridge direction is East to-West.
NCP 30 - Site Organisation and Management
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PRE - MOBILIZATION STUDIES: -
Once the contract is signed by the company, the project execution would start. A
detail plan for mobilization is prepared and manpower as well as plant and equipment
allocation is forecasted and provision is made for the same. As a handing over of a
site and other formalities such as bank guaranties, mobilization advance would take
place in due course, the time required to complete this formalities would be use foe
the project study, take of f plan and organizing the site mobilization.
NCP 30 - Site Organisation and Management
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SITE ORGANISATION CHART: Sit
PROJECT MANAGER
SR. EXECUTION ENGINEER
ADMIN. INCHARGE
JR. SERVICES ENGINEER
JR. BILLING ENGINEER
JR. ESTIMATION ENGG.
SUPERVISORS EXECUTION INCHARGE
ESTIMATION ENGINEER
ACCOUNT & BILLING ENGINEER
SERVICES MANAGER
ELECTRICIAN
JR. QA /QC ENGINEER
QA /QC ENGINEER
JR. PLANNING ENGINEER PLANNING & COORDINATION ENGINNER
RESIDENT ENGINEER / GENRAL PROJECT MANAGER
STORE MANAGER
ADMIN. ASST.
SAFETY & HEALTH DEPT.
STORE ASST. MECHANIC
JR. SAFETEY ENGG.
SAFRTY ASST.
PLUMBER.
NCP 30 - Site Organisation and Management
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Depending upon the nature of work, category of work, size & stages of completion of
work organize site staffing appropriate manner is very important. Due to there is a
involvement of much more agencies like client / owner, consultant, subcontractor,
vendor / supplier, local authorities, traffic problems on highway we need proper co-
ordination, involvement, good understanding amongst all project team.
1. Project manager: As shown in organization chart project manager is leader
for all activities and effective communication system. Resident engineer is
reporting to the project manager.
2. Resident engineer: The resident engineer is support to the project manager but
all functional in charge / heads of all departments is directly reporting to the
resident engineer. The main scope of resident engineer is to keeping co-
ordination in all the staff, site related person, subcontractor, consultant, and
supplier.
Following diff department works under supervision of resident engineer.
3. Planning dept.:
Responsibility - Plan each and every work activity as per time limit given by
the client making bar chart material schedule, making labor schedule, making
plant, machinery schedule, achieving better quality in min cost is the main aim
of this dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system – Jr. planning engineers also
appointed for helping planning engineer and make, design basic plans, ideas
and reports to planning engineer.
NCP 30 - Site Organisation and Management
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4. Execution dept.:
Responsibility – Execution of work as per drawing plans and specification is
main work of execution dept. In this department Sr. execution engineer and
gang of Jr.Engg. is appointed.
Personnel structure & reporting system - In execution department jr. engineer,
supervisor under inspection of sr.execution engineer does checking of work
progressing on site. Sr. engineer reports to execution manager.
5. Store dept.:
Responsibility – Inspection of material and goods coming on site, intimate or
instruct to respective dept. (material ordered by) maintaining material inward,
outward registers making GRN, storing and housing all material on site in
proper place as per the site condition and handover material to contractor as per
their requirement, keeping their records is the main work of store dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system - In this dept store manager is the
head of our site and storekeeper and store asst. will help and report to store
manager.
6. Quality dept.:
Responsibility – Checking of all material coming on site ,testing of all the
material as per requirement ( lab test ) Making or verifying mix design of
material going to use for site execution ,inspection and checking of all activities
of execution work regarding quality norms and condition, testing of work
executed like sample testing ( cube testing ) non destructive testing making of
NCP 30 - Site Organisation and Management
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audit report maintaining material testing, mix design, concrete testing, audit
test registers on site is the main work of this dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system - Quality engineer is the head of this
dept. Jr. engineer and quality assistance will help to Quality engineer.
7. Quantity surveying dept.:
Responsibility – Checking of all drawing and specification regarding site,
estimating and surveying quantity of each work activity separately, calculating
material required quantity, labor required quantity for each and every item is
the main work of this dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system - Quantity estimation engineer is the
head of this dept. Jr. engineer will help to estimation engineer. All basic plans
and calculation Jr. engineer make and report to sr. engineer under supervision
of estimation engineer.
8. Account / Billing dept.:
Responsibility – Checking of all bill quoted by sub contractor or contractor
(R.A. bills or final bills) as per their site executed work, making of payment of
contractors and subcontractors is the main work of billing dept.
Keeping total money expenditure regarding site, checking of departmental
labor bill making payment of all site office related staff and helper is the main
work of account dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system - Billing engineer is the head of this
dept. Jr. billing engineer will help to billing engineer. All bills primarily
NCP 30 - Site Organisation and Management
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checking with execution engineer making changes as per Jr. Engineer does
requirement. In account dept. one Jr. Accountant help to account in charge.
9. Services Dept.:
Responsibility – Our site is huge type of construction therefore there is
requirement of no of services delay due to absence of any services is very
dangers. Arrangement of electrical supply, water supply, making or repairing of
any construction equipment and machinery, electrical equipment, is the main
work of this dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system - Quantity In this dept. all types of
skilled workers and supervisor like plumber, electrician, mechanic, welder, is
working under supervision of Jr. Engineer and Jr. Engineer is directly report to
the services engineer.
10. Safety and health Dept.:
Responsibility – Making safety working environment, safety all site worker
and staff, improving and applying all safety instruction on site is the main work
of this dept. Cleaning of site office maintains and cleans all site awareness,
cleaning of labor camp periodically, making arrangement of good drinking
water, good latrine / w.c. Facility on site is the main work of health dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system - Safety engineer and Jr. Safety
engineer’s work as per site condition and safety supervisor help to Jr.engineer.
NCP 30 - Site Organisation and Management
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11. Administration Dept.:
Responsibility –Supervision and arrange all site office requirements/
facility’s, supervision on site security guards, checking there registers, keeping
site off inward and outward is the main work of this dept. Admin. In charge
and there asst. are responsible for this work.
Project Communication
2.1 INTRODUCTION
The performance of any project can be evaluated from the daily reports
and other correspondence, that it maintains. Well framed reporting systems
serve as an effective tool of information, which if compiled, documented and
analyzed, provides a record on the project for 'future reference.
The management can adopt certain systems to control the progress of a
project. The documentation required, acts as an effective tool of control over
the overall performance of every individual, from the engineer, the site staff,
consultants to the architect, involved in these systems. The procedure for
documentation of the in-house and outside correspondence, at different stages
of work, is standardized, In this chapter we discuss some of these procedures
and the methods of correspondence, that facilitate the working and help gain
overall control over the staff and systems.
2.2 PROJECT COMMUNICATION WITH HEAD QUARTER
- All correspondence is related to the progress of the site work.
- Correspondence from the site to Head Office is an important
communication channel for the senior management.
- The required frequency of reports and the correspondence from the site
to Head office is directly proportional.
- Daily correspondence
- Fortnightly correspondence
- Monthly correspondence
NCP 30 - Site Organisation and Management
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DAILY CORRESPONDENCE
- This is the day to day reporting to the Head Office by the Project Engineer or
site in-charge.
- The Project Engineer should leave the site, half an hour prior to the closing
time for reporting to the Head Office.
- If many sites are in progress, all site engineers, reporting to the Head Office,
should note down the time of their respective reporting and departure.
- The documents should be collected in their respective site trays at the H.O.
(1) D.P.R. (DAILY PROGRESS REPORT)
(Refer Format No. 1.1)
- It is a very important report.
- It is in a tabular format, indicating the actual work completed at the site on a
particular day, the quantity of cement bags consumed per building and the
ratio of cement bags/sq.m.
- D.P.R. of the previous day should be written and submitted immediately on
the next day.
- Work program of each building, for the next day, should be written separately.
- The arrival time of the contractor's labour and the departmental labour is noted
separately.
- Every D.P.R. must carry the name of the site, date and should be duly signed
by the senior engineer and the Project Engineer.
- The D.P.R. is a tool for the higher authorities / Chief Engineer to check the
activities of the day.
(2) MATERIAL INWARD REPORT
(Refer Format No.1.2)
- This report deals with the opening and closing balance of cement, empty bags,
sanla, lime, blocks etc.
- It gives information of all the materials received and is attached with the
challans from suppliers.
- Supplier's challan should contain the following information
NCP 30 - Site Organisation and Management
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- Supplier's name
- Challan number
- Date
- Site
- Site stamp with the storekeeper's signature
- Quantity of material! measurement of truck
- Time
- Signature of the driver
- Name, class, type, quality and quantity of the materials received
- On every challan, the measurement of the truck, receiving time and the vehicle
number must be noted.
- The challan for the material received, should be stamped on the other side,
along with the Project Engineer's signature.
- It makes records of all material received. Material transferred from site to site
can also be noted with the IO.C. No. and the M.T.R. No.
(3) M.T.R. (MATERIAL TRANSFER RECEIPT)
(Refer Format No. 1.3)
It is the receipt for any material transferred from one site to the other. It notes down
the quantity along with the S.R.P. (Stock register page) No. and the M.T.R. No.
(4) MATERIAL ISSUE SLIP
- This slip is used by the site engineer/supervisor for issuing materials to the
contractor / departmental labourer from the store.
- The storekeeper must not issue any material without the material issue slip.
The Engineer must carry an issue slip book with him while on site.
- The material issue slip has the following advantages
- It helps control all work activities, since every material is issued by the
engineer. Materials can be utilized properly.
NCP 30 - Site Organisation and Management
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- Entry of the personnel in the store can be controlled.
- Material reconciliation for a particular work in a particular building
can be done. Signature of contractor /representative confirms the
acceptance of materials.
(5) DAILY STORE CONSUMPTION REPORT
(Refer Format No. 1.5)
- It notes the material issued to the contractor along with the date, particulars,
quantity and the building where it is used. It also gives details like who issued
it, to whom and the S.R.P. No.
- This report should be kept at the site along with the original issue slip.
- It is to be written by the storekeeper.
- It is useful in record updating and reporting to the Head office.
(6) DAILY (DEPARTMENTAL) LABOUR SLIP
- This report records the details of labourers, directly appointed by the company
as departmental labourers. These details are recorded by the supervisor.
- The Engineer should check the sites where these labourers work.
- The report gives self explanatory description of the work done by the
departmental labourers along with their designations. It should be signed by
the site engineer and the Project Engineer.
- The report enables in the verification and preparing of the weekly cash bill of
departmental labour.
(7) MEMO DETAILS
- Avoid issuing a memo to contractors. If at all it is to be written ensure that it is
signed by the contractor and is forwarded to Head office for necessary action.
- Memo notes can be sent to contractors for deduction of payment from his bill,
for reasons like non-fulfillment of work as per the agreement, failure in
maintaining the work schedule, wastage of material or instructions regarding
the program of work, improvement in quality etc.
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- It should be sent in duplicate to the Head Office.
- After the Chief Engineer signs the memo, a copy should go to the contractor
and the other to the respective division for necessary actions.
WEEKLY CORRESPONDENCE
(1) CASH BILLS
- Cash bills should be submitted to the Head Office every week on pre-arranged
day.
(2) SETTLEMENT OF ACCOUNTS
- On account' money can be given to the site engineer depending on the
expenses that might be incurred during the coming week.
- Cash voucher receipt (Refer Format No. 13.10) should be made with complete
narration and supporting documents. It should be forwarded to the Head
Office on a pre-arranged day and should be adjusted against the imprest
amount.
(3) INDENT (REQUISITION)
Indent is a printed format to raise demands for materials required at the site.
It can be submitted twice a week to the purchase department through the Chief
Engineer.
(4) PENDING INDENT
- Pending indents are re-submitted when the material for indents submitted
earlier has not been received, nor has the information regarding their supply
been received from the purchase department.
- They should be submitted on a fortnightly basis.
FORTNIGHTLY REPORTING
- Submit updated RA. bills every fortnight to the Head Office.
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- RA. bills could be a labour bill for RC.C., masonry, tiling, plumbing etc.
- Customer enquiry report should be submitted every 15 days to the sales
department.
MONTHLY REPORTING
The site should send the following reports to the Head Office every month on a fixed
day.
(1) MONTHLY MATERIAL CONSUMPTION REPORT
- This statement records the total material consumption during a particular
month and sent to the Head Office for verification.
- IT gives an idea of the total receipt, previous balance, updated stock,
consumption during the month, and transfer to other sites etc.
(2) MONTHLY CEMENT CONSUMPTION REPORT
- This report records the opening balance every day, cement received, total
stock, consumption per day, transfer to any other site (+/-), closing stock and
S.RP. No. It is submitted to the Head Office.
(3) ELECTRIC METER READING REPORT
- Every construction site has an electric meter on site.
- Large projects will have more than one electric meter.
- If the bills are more than expected, it might be due to wrong feeding of the
meter reading. Have it cross-checked with the reading noted down by the site
staff.
- Approach the Electricity Board for getting the bill corrected according to the
actual reading.
- This helps in avoiding excess payments for electricity.
(4) WATER METER READING REPORT
- Maintain records for water supplied by the Municipal Corporation.
NCP 30 - Site Organisation and Management
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- This report helps calculate the total consumption of water at the construction
site for a given month. Also the bills received from the Municipal Corporation
can be cross checked.
- These readings will help calculate the constant of water charges per sq.m/s.ft.
of built-up an for future estimations.
(5) MACHINERY AND INSTRUMENT REPORT
- Construction sites have construction machineries and instruments such as
concrete mixer, lift, vibrator, diesel engine, dumpy level, theodolite etc.
- Ongoing work at different sites can make very difficult to find out the
conditions of machineries at each site.
- Machinery report helps in maintaining all the machines at all times.
- These reports are to be sent to the maintenance division every month, along
with details of the machine, make/type, numbers, H.P., phase condition of the
machines, causes for maintenance, estimated cost of repairs etc.
(6) EXCESS MATERIAL LIST
- Excess material list indicates the material available at the site, not required for
a certain period and time.
- In such cases, the material can be utilized at another site.
- The report should be sent to the purchase department through the Chief
Engineer, to cater to the requirements of another site instead of purchasing
new materials.
(7) CONSTRUCTION PROGRESS CHART
- This report should be prepared every month for each site.
- It records and helps calculate the work progress of each activity, for a
particular building, as a percentage.
- The percentage derived, is based on the average calculation of the estimated
expenses for each activity.
- This chart is very important for the management.
NCP 30 - Site Organisation and Management
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- The quantum of the work completed during the month, for each site/ each
building, can be justified and total funds used can also be compared and
justified using this chart.
- Over and above this report, a monthly report should be prepared by the Chief
Engineer and forwarded to the Directors.
- It should contain the relevant information regarding the progress of project.
Details of this report are as follows
- It should be submitted by the Chief Engineer on a fixed day, every
month.
- It should include details of all the work completed at the site, during
that month.
- Possession dates should also be given along with this report.
- Reasons for the delay of work, if any, should be mentioned.
- The report should be submitted to the Director to inform him of the
progress of work at the site.
(8) CUBE TESTING REPORT
- Apart from these reports, the site staff should send concrete cubes
taken during concreting work to the testing laboratory for testing
purposes, as and when required.
- Test cubes should be sent with all information.
- Records should be maintained at site and a copy of cube testing report
should be sent to Head Office for office record purpose.
2.3 REPORTING SYSTEM
- The site in-charge should report to the Chief
- Engineer each evening. .
- Site in-charge should leave the site half an hour prior to the closing hour for
reporting to the C.E..
- Apart from this, he should discuss the following aspects of the daily schedule -
NCP 30 - Site Organisation and Management
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- Progress of work
- The next day's program
- Accidents (if any)
- Visits of the top management.
- Decisions/ drawings required from the architect/ consultants
- Receipt of material, storage and requirement of urgent material (if any)
- Thefts/disputes at the site
- Rejection of materials
- Water /electricity supply failure/machine failure
- Quality of materials
- Any other related points
NOTE:
The site engineer should collect the required certificates/documents during the site
visits of the Architect and submit a copy to the Head Office.
2.4 CORRESPONDENCE FROM SITE TO STRUCTURAL DESIGNER
- For any corrections after checking the working drawings with the RC.C.
drawings, the site incharge should directly contact the structural designer after
informing the C.E.
- The structural designer should be contacted for,
- Checking the strata/trial pit
- Checking the reinforcement before the concreting of slabs
- Checking of reinforcement for O.H.W.T./ U.G.W.T. / septic
tanks/other critical work Queries regarding RC.C. drawings
- Checking the strength and stability of a particular member of the
structure after casting
- For the structural details required for any rectification work
NOTE: The site engineer should collect the required certificates/documents during
the site visits of the RC.C. designer and submit a copy to the Head Office.
NCP 30 - Site Organisation and Management
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2.5 CORRESPONDENCE TO OTHER CONSULTANTS
(1) ELECTRICAL CONSULTANT
The site in-charge should contact the electrical consultant for,
- Estimation of cabling work/layout and to give requirement of cables
- Checking the layout of LT. room
- During slab concreting
- During road work for electrical conduiting.
- For installation of meter for construction purposes and shifting of meter while
the work is in progress
- To supervise installation of the meter.
- During the development work/street lighting work etc.
- Checking of material specifications
- Checking of work samples
NOTE: The site engineer should collect the required certificates/documents during
the site visits of the consultant and submit a copy to the Head Office.
(2) PLUMBING CONSULTANT
The plumbing consultant should be contacted after receiving all the drawings,
- To discuss practical difficulties of the drawing.
- To show the sample collection of plumbing pipes, fittings and accessories.
- To check and certify water and drainage stacks, details using different testing
methods like pressure testing, smoke testing etc.
- To get the corrections done if any changes occur due to extra amenity/practical
difficulties.
- To check the water supply grid development work, drainage line development
work and storm water drainage work.
- To collect actual measurements on site for preparing record drawings.
- For all queries confirmation from municipal authorities.
2.6 CORRESPONDENCE FROM SITE TO SUBCONTRACTOR
The site in-charge should discuss and enter all the points in the memo book/letter. A
copy should be sent to the Head Office as a record.
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- Progress of work
- Quality of work
- Program of work
- Preparation of RA. bills
- Work out material requirement at various stages and estimates for the
same
- Explanations regarding the drawings
- Confirmation of rates other than given in the agreement
- Extra amenity information (if any)
- Memo/Instruction for bad quality of completed work
- Site cleaning.
- Misuse of material, control of wastage, minor wastage memos
- Misbehaviour of labourers
- Planning of labour hutments and discipline.
- Material stacking at the site by the contractor
- Termination of contract through the Head Office, if required
2.7 CORRESPONDENCE FROM HEAD OFFICE TO SITE
This includes all documents received from the Head Office to the site
- Circulars
- Minutes of meeting
- Issue of drawings and contractor's
- agreements
- Specifications
- Extra amenity debit/credit notes of modifications
- I.O.C. from purchase department
- Copy of cash payment bill
- Work order copies
- Decisions regarding any queries by the site, through higher authorities
- Queries regarding bills, quality report, challans etc. from the account
department
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- Instructions regarding seminars, site visits etc.
- Briefings about new policy matters of the management.
2.8 CORRESPONDENCE FROM H.O. TO SUBCONTRACTOR /
SUPPLIERS
This is includes discussions between the subcontractors and the management for-
- Work speed
- Balance work.
- Quality of work.
- Site meetings.
- Payment status
- Issue of cheques
- Memos for bad quality
- Control of wastage
- Mistakes at site
- Other disciplinary actions
- Work program
- Legal formalities
- Any other problems of the subcontractors
3. LAYOUT
Good site layout is important to improve productivity. You need to arrange
your construction site in such a way as to make it function as efficiently as possible.
With bad layout, time and materials are wasted through double handling.
Transport and handling of materials always cost money. Every time you more a stack
of bricks around your site, the real cost to you increases. One of the reasons for slow
progress and high cost of construction projects is the lack of site planning, including
poor site layout.
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The layout plan of the site will depend upon two main factors: the methods
and sequence of operations to be employed in carrying out he work, and the space
available. The methods and sequence will have been considered at the time that the
estimate and tender were prepared. When the contract is awarded, you should take
another careful look at these ideas before preparing a detailed site layout plan.
These plans must be prepared in advance and they must be prepared by
someone with good planning skills and experience. It is often easier to save money
through planning than by raising site productivity, but these savings can only be
obtained if you take enough time to think about all the possible alternatives before
deciding on how to layout the site.
Contract documents: The contract document for the proposed project is voluminous and contains the
following documents:
a) Notice inviting tender. b) Information and instructions to tenderer. c) General conditions of contract. d) Special conditions of contract. e) Schedule of quantitative and cost.
f) Tender drawings. g) Specification for works.
h) Forms for bank guarantee in respect of earnest money. i) Performance guarantee.
j) Mobilization advance etc. k) Hypothecation deeds for construction equipment.
l) Tender related correspondence and the letter of award/acceptance.
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While the provisions existing in various clauses of the different sections of the
document have their own independent intent, meaning and interpretation, a proper
management of the contract is set up for interpretation of individual clauses in
harmony with others, so that it is in the interest of efficient and timely execution of
work. This is applicable both to the client and the contractor.
For the proposed work, work below ground is allotted as cost plus percentage rate
and for work above ground it is allotted as item rate contract. It is also assumed that
the contract drawn up is fair and equitable and takes into account requirements of
client and possible difficulties that may be experienced by the contractor in his
operations.
SITE CLEARANCE Before setting up of enabling works, it is necessary to make the site clear from various
aspects such as: -
Any stockpile of irrelevant material laid on site.
Any machinery, equipment or vehicle not related to proposed site work.
Plant, vegetation or crops of reasonable height in the proposed site area.
Depending upon the direction of wind mentioned, provision of temporary unit
such as barrier is made on the west side of the bridge to avoid accumulation of
unnecessary dust & rubbish materials.
Removal of small pebbles, sharp edge stones, loose soil material from the
surface of site area.
Demolition of any previous temporary structure present on the site.
CONSTRUCTING INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES
The following infrastructure facilities should be constructed for the proposed
bridge site:
1) Temporary roads should be leveled and a sufficient base course should be
provided to cope with the traffic that is unlikely to use them.
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2) Regular power supply should be made available from the grid passing
nearby Or electric power will have to be generated by installing diesel-
penetrating sets at the site.
3) Water supply can be arranged by providing underground storage tank and
distribution through a pumping system and overhead tank.
For sewage disposal, septic tank should be provided and if it is not sufficient it
may be necessary to provide oxidation pond.
Site camps are erected on site for resident engineers & persons working on
site. These are in the form of light steel or wooden structure, which are mounted on
skid beams or wheels, so that they can be moved as and when required. These are
provided with electrical, plumbing and sanitary fixture, and the system becomes
operational at site by plugging into the electrical and water supply.
The site is also provided with the latest possible communication technology,
such as cellular phone, Internet, intranet, wan etc.
ORGANIZING UTILITIES
All the utilities and resources available on the proposed bridge should be
organized properly so as to avail the maximum benefit.
Storeroom containing ‘A’ class items should be provided by a watchman’s
cabin adjacent to it.
Steel should stacked in open yard, protected by fencing. The utility yard
should be attached to the steel yard by a common fencing.
Aggregates should be stacked as near as possible to the batching plant or
concrete mix, so as to avoid unnecessary movement and double handling of material.
Camp for persons working on site should be located on one side of the site for
avoiding dust and noise, generated on site.
Store rooms:- Store rooms should be constructed in a place where access for
unloading of materials is easier, which leads to safety of the work forces.
Toilets, latrines should be constructed downwind with proper slope for
drainage.
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Specialist shops like steel bender, carpenter, and block makers should be
located/constructed near to their stores or mixer, inside crane radius.
SECURITY :
The proposed bridge site should be secured against possible thefts and damage
causing loss to the governing authority. It should be secured for:
Loss of material, mobile machinery or equipment, at night times or at times
when work is not in progress. 2 nos. of watchmen, each working for a 12-hour shift
will serve for this purpose.
Confidential information prevailing outside the organization: This can be
prevented by storing the confidential data in systems and records, approachable only
to the top management with the M.D. keeping the password key.
All the document, paperwork related to site work should be properly stored in
cupboards under the jurisdiction of a reliable accountant/clerk, acting as a common
person to all the concerned departments.
All the persons working on site, should be well secured against thefts, robbery,
political influence & undue pressure of higher authorities. Also the personnel working
on site should be secured against any sort of mishap or accident, likely to occur due to
negligence of safety conditions.
Reconciliation of materials:
A daily checkup should be done on site specially for the stores, from the
Storekeeper. There are three ways to find out how much money the company is losing
because of damage and deterioration of materials.
a) Looking carefully around the site and checking through the site, usually
shows example of poor placing and storage of materials.
b) Comparing figures given in orders, receipts and issues, and checking of
remaining stocks.
c) Measuring the work done and calculating the materials used.
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5. MOBILIZATION :
Departmental Staff: -
i) Before mobilizing staff members like engineers, supervisors and workmen, it
is necessary to construct and prepare proper accommodation such as
residential quarters & workmen’s hut with accurate fencing/boundary wall
around the project.
ii) Security check post should be fixed at gates, with guiding instructions to the
security person for receiving & issuance of men, materials & machinery.
iii) Departmental site office shall be erected at proper location i.e. free from any
noise, dust, easily accessible from all directions of site. Also the location
should not obstruct movement of men, materials & machinery.
iv) The departmental staff should be mobilized at least 3 days prior to
commencement of work & a mandatory visit of the complete site should be
arranged for the entire department (technical & non- technical) so as to get
acquainted with the site area for convenience in working.
v) The departmental staff shall be informed well in advance about the
mobilization date by a formal notice, and on that particular date, the entire
staff shall be mobilized by means of conveyance arranged. i.e. Bus, for people
residing in the range of 100 km. & trains for people exceeding the range of
100 km.
Contractors: i) Contractors should be informed with a formal notice, after the allotment of work
(i.e. Contract) for mobilization of their staff, machineries & other required resources.
ii) It is the duty of contractor to get himself & his resources mobilized well in
advance before the initiation of work i.e. before the actual execution of work starts
i.e. around a week before, so as to avoid inconvenience to the client & the
subcontractors.
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iii) After mobilizing on site physically, he should impart instruction & guidelines to
his staff & sub contractors about the proposed work & thereby the work line of
action. He should also, make his staff well acquainted with the site area & arrange
his machinery in consultation with the client’s engineer so as to avoid unnecessary
wastage of time & materials.
SUBCONTRACTORS:
i) For the proposed work, the contractor has appointed subcontractors related
to various stages of work such as:
Labors for prestressing work.
Labors for placement of tendons.
Labors for casting work.
Labors for disposal of scrap & wastage.
ii) The contractors should arrange the mobilization of subcontractor &
possibly it should be according to his planned mobilization so as to get
himself & the sub-contractors ensured about the adequacy of resources &
information required for the execution of work.
iii) In case of any requirement from the contractor’s side, the subcontractor
should intimate him, well before the work starts so that the contractor will
arrange for it or arrange for a suitable alternative, after consulting with the
clients engineer.
Mobilisation also includes carrying out enabling works, some of which are mentioned
below:
Enabling works
Under works of this category, structures and appurtenants which facilitate undertaking
the actual project work are included. In the Master Control Network and planning for
the project details of enabling work would be included. The extent of enabling work
would vary depending the size and nature of the project. On a large project costing a
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few hundred crores, the enabling work itself could form into a mini- project. The
enabling works would include the following items:
i) Fencing/boundary wall around the project, fixing security check post and gates.
ii) Site Office
iii) Camp for accommodating Engineers, Supervisors, and Workmen.
iv) Store for materials
v) Construction Plant and equipment
vi) Static plant such as concrete batching plant, pre-cast concrete element plant, block
making plant, hot mix plant.
vii) Mobile plant such as Trucks, Dumper, Bulldozer Grader, Vibratory and
pneumatic Road Roller, Bitumen sprayer Transit mixer, Concrete Pump,
Crane, front end loader, compressor. These Plant and Equipment are mobile,
and can be shifted from place to place on regular basis.
Stores and suppliers:
Storage areas should be located near to the static plants. For storage of 350
tons of cement, stacking yards should be covered with shed. But here as the cement is
to be used in large quantity for concreting by batching plant and prestressed element
plant, so it is stored in bulk in vertical silos. Also 300 tons of steel is to be stored
which can be stored in open yards with proper fencing and near to bar bender’s
workshop. Care should be taken that water does not get accumulated in this yard and
there is proper slope to drain the rain water. Stone metal and sand can be stored in
open yards, stacked in heaps with proper fencing so that the material does not gets
mix up with the outer material.
The suppliers in the vicinity of talegaon should be invited on site by a formal
notice and a meeting should be held up with the consultation of clients engineer and
contractor, specifying the suppliers clearly about the following factors:
1. quantity of material.
2. quality of material.
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3. terms and conditions of contract.
4. mode of transportation.
5. delivery at a short notice.
The suppliers should make the above factors clear in a formal quotation and submit it
to the organization. The department will further scrutinize the quotations of various
suppliers and allot the same to the most optimum supplier.
Workshop
For the maintenance of plant and equipment both static and mobile, it is necessary to
have a workshop which will undertake the maintenance, repair, overhauling and
major replacement of equipment. Workshop is geared up to, carry out preventive and
scheduled maintenance which is essential to keep the break-down of equipment to
bare minimum. The workshop should have facilities for servicing, carrying out
general repair, engine over-haul, calibration of Diesel Pump etc. Workshop should
have a small machine shop attached with lathes, drilling machine, welding, boring
machine, painting, denting, sheet metal work etc. It is also to be equipped with auto-
electrical repair, battery charger, tyre repair etc.
QUERIES: For the proposed bridge site near talegaon, certain queries are searched and
found for arranging materials required for the construction of prestressed bridge
such as:
1) At a distance of 10 kms. from the site, strata below the ground i.e. around 3m
below ground is found adequately hard so as to be used as aggregate after
processing it in crushers.
2) Also at a distance of 25 kms. from the site, along the coastal side, natural sand
is available in plenty known as river sand, which is screened and used as
required.
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3) If transportation cost is affordable, then in between Lonavla & Khopoli,
abundant of hard rock, boulder & stones are available, which can be used at
various construction stages of prestressed concrete bridge.
Stores and stacking yards
In the project site, sufficient covered stores or open storage is necessary for
maintaining the material in good condition. Cement is usually supplied in bags, which
is stored at the site in covered shed. The sheds are constructed with brick wall, IPS
floor, tubular structure trusses, roofing with sheets. Bags not exceeding 10 are stacked
one over another. If more than 10 bags are stacked then the lower bags tend to set,
making cement non-usable. In case cement is used in large quantities for concreting
by the batching plant, and pre-cast element plant, is stored in bulk in vertical silos.
The silos are filled up by a pneumatic pump fixed on the cement bulk carrier. From
the silo cement is conveyed into the mixer of the batching plant and pre-cast element
plant, through a screw conveyor.
Services
The site camp is to be provided with services like electric supply, sewage disposal,
communication, telephone. In case regular power supply is available from the grid, it
can be tapped and necessary substation with transformer installed at site. If grid power
is not available then, it may be necessary to generate own power by installing diesel
penetrating se1s at the sets. Water supply can similarly be tapped, if water lines are
passing near by in the vicinity, by providing underground storage tank and
distribution through a pumping system and over head tank. In case water mains are
not available, tube well could be bored for water. Necessary treatment of water to
make it safe for intended consumption will have to be carried out. For sewage
disposal, since the camp is only for a temporary duration septic tank, could be
provided. If it is a large site, and enough land is available, then it may be possible to
provide an oxidation pond for sewage disposal. The effluent from the pond could be
used for horticultural purposes of the site.
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In order to carry out the enabling work which is required at the very initial stage of
the project itself, it may be desirable for the organization, to set up a 'crack team'
which can go in advance to the site and build up all the temporary structures, services
required for the enabling works. This will cut down the time required by the main
project team, on their arrival at the site, and they could embark upon straight-away on
execution of the main project. Such a 'crack team' can move from project to project
for the organization, and they would be well trained in carrying out this activity. On
the other hand, if project team assigned with the main work, is to first build up the
enabling works, a lot of time is lost for the project.
On most international project, and on some major projects within country, of structure
being adopted for the site camp are of portable nature. These are in the form of light
steel or wooden structure, which are mounted on skid beams or wheels, and can be
moved to the camp site, at a very short notice. The Port cabins are provided with
electrical, plumbing and sanitary fixture, and the system becomes operational at site
by plugging into the electrical and water supply. Through the initial cost of the system
may be more but over a period of time it would become economically viable since the
structure can be shifted to site, where as, if the camp is built with conventional
materials. like steel, concrete, the cost would be higher in the longer run, besides the
extra time required to build the Camp.
TRANSPORTATION:
The proposed bridge site is at Talegaon, located 35 kms away from Pune. The
means of transportation are as follows:
i) For staff workers & engineers, not residing on site, a minibus is arranged
by the organization for their daily conveyance.
ii) In case of emergencies, such as fatal accident or injury on site, the
organization has arranged an ambulance in the form of omni-van with
small stretcher laid inside the van.
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iii) For immediate or unexpected requirement of material o site, 2 standby
trucks are arranged for conveyance of material on site from around the
vicinity of 100 kms from site.
iv) For receiving consultants and executives from the nearest terminal, an
automobile such as Scorpio or Qualis is arranged by the organization.
All the expenses required for the above conveyance are added into the total cost of the project as contingencies.
Bibliography/Readings Construction site organization management (NICMAR)