PR

IMA

RY

Natural Science

Richmond

Essential Science 1 is a collective work, conceived, designed and created by the Primary Education department at Santillana, under the supervision of Antonio Brandi Fernández.

WRITER Caroline Cooke

MANAGING EDITOR Sheila Tourle

EDITOR Vassilia Katte

PROOFREADING Sheila Klaiber

ILLUSTRATIONS José Zazo

1

Contents

Unit Natural Science Syllabus Topics Topics Know how to Songs

1 Your body

4

People and health Parts of the body Your body can bend Your hands

Parts of the face Your senses What your senses can do

Choose the right clothes for different activities

My five senses

2 Being healthy

14

People and health Healthy habits Good hygiene Looking after your body

Good and bad behaviour Sports are healthy Protecting your body

Look after your teeth Healthy habits

3 Healthy food 22

People and health Daily meals Healthy food Food groups

Foods from plants Foods from animals

Choose foods for your lunch Where can I get the food that I eat?

4 Animals 30

Living things Living things Animal bodies How animals move What animals eat

How animals reproduce Baby animals

Write an animal index card The animal rap!

5 Other animals 40

Living things Where animals live Wild and domestic animals What domestic animals give us

Animals in danger of extinction Mammals and birds Reptiles, fish, amphibians

Choose a pet Where the animals live

6 Plants 50

Living things Plants are living things Parts of a plant Wild plants and plants we grow

How farmers grow plants Plants help us What plants give us

Identify fruits and vegetables in a market

7 Using materials 60

Matter and energy What are things made of? Where materials come from Different materials and their properties

Recycling materials Recycling bins

Identify changes in materials

8 Machines 68

Machines and technology Machines help us Jobs and machines Simple and complex machines

How machines work Computers

Identify the parts of a machine

9 My project: Animals in danger of extinction 76

A cooperative project on animals in danger of extinction

FINAL REVISION

2 two

Unit Natural Science Syllabus Topics Topics Know how to Songs

1 Your body

4

People and health Parts of the body Your body can bend Your hands

Parts of the face Your senses What your senses can do

Choose the right clothes for different activities

My five senses

2 Being healthy

14

People and health Healthy habits Good hygiene Looking after your body

Good and bad behaviour Sports are healthy Protecting your body

Look after your teeth Healthy habits

3 Healthy food 22

People and health Daily meals Healthy food Food groups

Foods from plants Foods from animals

Choose foods for your lunch Where can I get the food that I eat?

4 Animals 30

Living things Living things Animal bodies How animals move What animals eat

How animals reproduce Baby animals

Write an animal index card The animal rap!

5 Other animals 40

Living things Where animals live Wild and domestic animals What domestic animals give us

Animals in danger of extinction Mammals and birds Reptiles, fish, amphibians

Choose a pet Where the animals live

6 Plants 50

Living things Plants are living things Parts of a plant Wild plants and plants we grow

How farmers grow plants Plants help us What plants give us

Identify fruits and vegetables in a market

7 Using materials 60

Matter and energy What are things made of? Where materials come from Different materials and their properties

Recycling materials Recycling bins

Identify changes in materials

8 Machines 68

Machines and technology Machines help us Jobs and machines Simple and complex machines

How machines work Computers

Identify the parts of a machine

9 My project: Animals in danger of extinction 76

A cooperative project on animals in danger of extinction

FINAL REVISION

3three

50 fifty

Plants

Where are the children, in a town or in the country?

What are the children doing?

Can you see any tall trees?

Can you see any red flowers?

What season is it?

KNOW HOW TO

FINAL TASK

Identify fruit and vegetables in a market.

6

51fifty-one

Plants are living things1 Wha† do plantfi >æed to li√¶? Wri†æ.

air soil water sunlight

2 Pu† t™æ pictu®efi i> or∂e®. Wri†æ 1, 2, 3 an∂ 4.

Plantfi a®æ livin@ thingfi. T™e¥ >æe∂ ai®, soi¬, wa†e® an∂ sunligh† to grow.

52 fifty-two

Parts of a plant

A”l¬ plantfi ha√¶ go† rootfi, å s†eµ an∂ ¬ea√±fi.T®æefi a®æ plantfi. T™æ s†eµ o£ å t®ææ ifi cal¬e∂ å trun§. M”an¥ plantfi ha√¶ go† flo∑±rfi, and soµæ plantfi ha√¶ go† fruitfi.

2 R�ea∂ an∂ matc™.

1 L”oo§ an∂ wri†æ t™æ partfi.

T™æ ¬ea√±fi • • absorb wa†e® froµ t™æ soi¬.

T™æ rootfi • • ®e©ei√¶ sunligh†.

fruits flowers

roots

trunk

leaves

53

6

fifty-three

3 —olou® t™æ trun§ o£ t™æ t®ææ. T™e>, comp¬e†æ.

4 H”ow man¥ ßæedfi hafi eac™ frui† go†? Loo§ an∂ matc™.

Plantfi ha√¶ go† rootfi, å s†eµ an∂ ¬ea√±fi. M”an¥ plantfi ha√¶ go† flo∑±rfi an∂ fruitfi. S’æedfi a®æ insi∂æ t™æ fruitfi.

T™æ o£ å t®ææ ifi cal¬e∂ t™æ s†eµ.

man¥ sæedfi

o>æ ßæe∂

54 fifty-four

Wild plants and plants we grow

Wil∂ plantfi grow i> man¥ pla©efi. Nobod¥ lookfi a‡†e® t™eµ.

Wæ grow plantfi a† hoµæ.Farµerfi grow cropfi. Wæ >æe∂ to loo§ a‡†e® t™eµ.

1 L”oo§ an∂ wri†æ wil∂ plantfi o® cropfi.

55

6

fifty-five

S<oµæ plantfi a®æ wil∂. Ot™e® plantfi a®æ cropfi. Wæ grow plantfi fo® foo∂ an∂ ∂ecoratio>.

2 H”ow do farµerfi grow plantfi? L”oo§ an∂ wri†æ 1, 2 an∂ 3. T™e>, comp¬e†æ.

3 Tic§ ( ✓ ) t™æ ∫±s† pla©æ to grow plantfi. T™e>, wri†æ ∑±† o® dr¥.

plants cropseeds

Farµerfi .

Farµerfi .

Farµerfi .

plan† t™æ

wa†e® t™æ

har√±s† t™æ

6.1

56 fifty-six

Wæ ma§æ clot™efi froµ cotto>.

Wæ ma§æ furnitu®æ an∂ paπe® froµ woo∂.

Wæ ma§æ πer‡uµæ froµ flo∑±rfi.

1 Wha† ma†erialfi coµæ froµ plantfi? L”oo§ an∂ matc™.

Plants help us

P E R FUME

Wæ grow plantfi fo® di£ƒe®en† ®easonfi.

S<oµæ plantfi gi√¶ ufi foo∂.

S<oµæ plantfi gi√¶ ufi ma†erialfi.

Wæ ußæ soµæ plantfi to ma§æ πer‡uµefi.

57

6

fifty-seven

2 Whic™ partfi o£ t™eßæ plantfi do ∑¶ ea†? L”oo§ an∂ colou®.

rootfi fruitfi ¬ea√±fi

carrots

lettuce

tomatoes

Wæ @e† foo∂, ma†erialfi an∂ ot™e® productfi froµ plantfi.

3 L”oo§ an∂ wri†æ.

olives .

walnuts .

dates .

Walnu† t®æefi

Oli√¶ t®æefi gi√¶ ufi

Palµ t®æefi

6.2

58 fifty-eight

KNOW HOW TO

2 L”oo§ a† t™æ mar§e† agai>. Wri†æ t™æ wordfi fo® fruitfi an∂ √±@etab¬efi i> t™æ cor®ec† bo≈efi.

3 S<a¥ wha† fruitfi an∂ √±@etab¬efi yo€ li§æ ∫±s†.

FRUITS AND VEGETABLES

Identify fruits and vegetables

1 L”oo§ a† t™æ mar§e†. —rosfi ou† (✗) t™æ thingfi tha† a®æ no† fruitfi an∂ √±@etab¬efi.

FRUITS VEGETABLES

wa†erµelonfi

59

6

fifty-nine

6REVISION

1 —irc¬æ t™æ ob∆ectfi ma∂æ froµ plantfi.

2 Wri†æ t™æ partfi oƒ t™æ plan†.

3 Ußæ t™æ §e¥ an∂ circ¬æ.

2

4

1

5

3

4

5

2

3

1

flo∑±® frui†