NATURAL RESOURCES

What are our two sources of fresh, drinkable water?

RESERVOIRS(which are lakes that hold fresh

water, like Hemlock and Canadice

Lakes)

and GROUNDWATER (which taps into the water that

flows underground, filling your

well)

What is the difference between

Passive solar power and Active

solar power

PASSIVE: no effort. Windows let in heat, solar cover on pool

ACTIVE: solar cells convert sun's energy into an electrical current (calculators)

Describe three uses of plants

1. OXYGEN2. FOOD

3. MEDICINE4. CHEMICALS

5. BUILDING MATERIALS

Where does solar energy come from?

The SUN

What are the three kinds of fossil fuels?

1. COAL (black “rock-like”, mined)

2. PETROLEUM (liquid, oil)

3. NATURAL GAS(gas found in ground)

Draw a picture of strip cropping

Define Erosion

EROSION IS THE LOSS OF TOPSOIL

(water washes it away or wind blows it away)

Which gases make up our air? What are their

percentages?

78% NITROGEN20% OXYGEN

2% CARBON DIOXIDE

Describe two ways in which water can be

polluted.1. RAW SEWAGE (waste water from

homes)

2. PESTICIDES (chemicals that kill

insects)

3. PHOSPHATES & NITRATES (fertilizers)

4. THERMAL POLLUTION (releasing hot

water into the environment)

Name the atoms used in Nuclear Fission

Nuclear Fission splits URANIUM atoms.

What is the main source of all air pollution?

BURNING FOSSIL FUELS!BURNING FOSSIL FUELS!

Name the type of conservation

farming method where the

farmer plows across a slope,

instead of up and down the

slope? CONTOUR

FARMING

Name the three characteristics

that make something a

Hazardous Waste

1. FLAMMABLE (burns easily)2. TOXIC (poisonous)

3. REACTS DANGEROUSLY with other substances

Name three ways to conserve fresh water

1. Replant vegetation on barren slopes2. Desalination (take salt out of salt

water)3. Build dams to create reservoirs

4. Protect our watersheds5. Use cooling towers

6. Waste water treatment plants

How do cooling towers help protect our water

supply?

Cooling Towers cool water from industry before releasing it into the

environment.

What is formed when water vapor mixes with nitrogen and

sulfur oxides?

ACID RAIN!

Explain the differences between Nuclear fission and

Nuclear fusion

Nuclear Fission is the SPLITTING

of Uranium atoms (fission

division) (radioactive wastes!

And costly!)

Nuclear Fusion is the

COMBINING of Hydrogen atoms

(no wastes! Not a reality yet!)

What are phosphates and nitrates, and how do they harm water and aquatic

life?Phosphates and nitrates are fertilizers. They

increase the plant growth in a body of water

(algae bloom). When the plants die off in large

amounts, bacteria decay the dead plants

and use up the oxygen in the water.

Fish and other aquatic life die.

What is SMOG?

Smoke + fog

How long does it take for 1 cm of topsoil to form?

200-400 years!

Which type of water holds more oxygen, warm or

cold?

Cold water holds more oxygen.

Define Geothermal Energy

Geo = earthThermal = heat

Using the heat in the earth to boil water and create steam. The steam is

then used to turn a turbine to generate electricity.

Draw a picture of Terracing

What is the difference between renewable resources and non-renewable? Give an

example of each.Renewable resources can be replaced,

reproduce, or cycle: water, air, nitrogen, plants, & animals.

Non-renewable resources are limited. Once they are gone, they are gone!

Coal, oil, natural gas, soil

Describe how a farmer practices Crop Rotation. What does he do? Which

plants should he use?The farmer would plant different crops in his field over time. Every couple of

years, he needs to plant a Legume (beans, peas, alfalfa, clover). These plants will return nitrates to the soil.

How do you prevent overgrazing?

Grazing animals (cows, horses & sheep) are moved from pasture to pasture

throughout the year. This allows the grass to grow back and the soil to recover from too much grazing.

Define depletion

Depletion is the loss of nutrients from the soil. This happens from planting the same crop in a field for too many years,

flooding, poor farming practices, erosion, etc.

What is a watershed?

A watershed is the LAND area around a lake or river. Water runs off the land and into the body of water. (it “sheds”

water into the lake!)

Describe Strip Cropping

Strip Cropping is when a farmer will plant a low cover crop in between a

taller crop. The low cover crop holds the soil in place and prevents erosion.

Draw a picture of windbreaks

Why is raw sewage a problem to aquatic life?

Raw Sewage increases the amount of bacteria in the water. The bacteria

decompose the sewage and use up the Oxygen that is in the water. Aquatic

life, that depends on the Oxygen, then dies.

What is it called when electricity is produces

through moving water?

Hydroelectric Power. As water moves through a dam, the water turns a turbine, which in turn

generates an electrical current.

From which Fossil Fuel does Gasoline come from?

Gasoline is one of the many by products of petroleum (crude oil)

Define Transpiration

The process by which plants give off excess water

Through Evaporation

How does water become a vapor (gas)?

Through respiration and/or excretion

How do animals give off excess water to the

atmosphere?

Through Condensation

How do Clouds form?

Why is Conesus Lake important?

Fishing, boating, vacationing, brings money into the community, drinking

water for Avon & Geneseo, ecologically important to plants & animals.

Changing the sun's energy into electricity (using solar cells)

What is ACTIVE solar energy?