Natural Disasters-Research Project

7/30/2019 Natural Disasters-Research Project

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by: Mr. Wells

Tornadoes

Earthquakes

Tsunamis

Volcanoes

Hurricanes


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Table of ContentsSlide

Introduction.3

Chapter 1: Tornadoes4

Chapter 2: Volcanoes.8

Chapter 3: Tsunamis..12

Chapter 4: Hurricanes..16

Chapter 5: Earthquakes..20

Conclusion...24Glossary25

Bibliography....26


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IntroductionAnatural disasteris a major adverse event resulting

from natural processes of the Earth; examples include

tornadoes, hurricanes,volcano eruptions,earthquakes, tsunamis, and other geologicprocesses.

A natural disaster can cause loss of life or property

damage, and typically leaves some economic damagein its wake, the severity of which depends on theaffected population's resilience, or ability to recover.


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Tornadoes

Fun Tornado FactsWelcome to the Tornado Facts

website. Here you will find many

interesting facts on tornadoes andtwisters. Here are some fun tornado facts:The most powerful Tornadoes occur in the

United States.A typical tornado only lasts for a few

minutes.Every tornado has its own color, sound and

shape.You need to step on the pedal of a car pass

70 miles per hour to outrun the fastesttornadoes.

The chances that a tornado is a F5, thehighest classification for a tornado on theF-scale, is less than 0.1%

Tornadoes have been reported in everystate in the US and also in every season.

A Tornado can occur at any time, but most

often between 3pm and 9pm.


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CausesCauses

1. Tornadoes are formed when hot air and cold air are mixed.

2. The clouds grow larger and larger. Finally, a thunderstorm is brewed up with a strong updraft.

3. The moisture in the warm air rises and condenses into large clouds.


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Effects

Click on the photo for actual footage of this tornado:

On May 22, 2011, one of the deadliest tornados

in U.S. history strikes Joplin, Missouri directlykilling 159 people and injuring over 1,000.

Effects

1. Tornadoes can make

People die.

2. The tornado can

destroy a lot of homes,

stores, and much more.

3. It can make serious

injuries.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EfdK6H9d6J0


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Safety Measures Safety Tips

1. Know where you go! When a tornado warning isissued, go at once to a windowless, interior room suchas a bathroom, storm cellar, basement or lowest levelof a building.2. Dont loose your roof to high winds! Have yourparents install strapping to keep the roof attached tothe walls.3. Make a list of items to bring inside in the event atornado watch is issued. Dont forget your pet.

V l F


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Volcanoes

Volcano FactsIceland is currently the most

volcanically active location on Earth.The worlds biggest volcanic

mountain is the Mauna Loa inHawaii.

Growers found that the slopes ofvolcanoes tend to have fertile soil

which is suited for growing crops likegrapes, olives and beans.

The ancient Romans believed that

Vulcan, their god of fire andmetalwork, caused volcaniceruptions. The word Volcano comes

from Vulcans name.When a volcanic mountain gets ready

to erupt, its sides may bulge.

A person who studies volcanoes iscalled a volcanologist.

Hawaii is still growing due to volcaniceruptions.

Sometimes lighting is produced fromthe ash clouds spewed out from a

volcano. This is called a dirtythunderstorm.


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Causes Causes

1. Magma forms together with rocks and explodes.2. Buoycny is a force that causes lighter material to risethrough surrounding denser material.3. A pool of molten rocks below the surface whenpressure builds up it erupts.


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Effects Effects

1. Volcanoes can cause serious pain and injury.2. Destroys buildings homes and lives.3. Melts lots of landmarks and property.


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Safety Measures Safety tips

1. Wear long sleeved shirts and pants.2. Keep car or truck engines off.3. If outside find shelter quick


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Tsunamis

Tsunami Facts

A tsunami is a series of ocean waves that sendssurges of water, sometimes reaching heights of

over 100 feet (30.5 meters), onto land. Thesewalls of water can cause widespread

destruction when they crash ashore.These awe-inspiring waves are typically causedby large, undersea earthquakes at tectonic plate

boundaries. When the ocean floor at a plateboundary rises or falls suddenly it displaces thewater above it and launches the rolling waves

that will become a tsunami.

Most tsunamis, about 80 percent, happenwithin the Pacific Oceans Ring of Fire, ageologically active area where tectonic shiftsmake volcanoes and earthquakes common.

Tsunamis may also be caused by underwaterlandslides or volcanic eruptions. They may

even be launched, as they frequently were in

Earths ancient past, by the impact of a largemeteorite plunging into an ocean.

Tsunamis race across the sea at up to 500 miles(805 kilometers) an hourabout as fast as a jetairplane. At that pace they can cross the entireexpanse of the Pacific Ocean in less than a day.

And their long wavelengths mean they lose

very little energy along the way.


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Causes When an oceanic plate hits a continental plate the plates press together and

pressure builds.Eventually the heavier oceanic plate slips under the lighter continental plateand causes an earthquake.

The earthquake lifts part of the ocean up and drops other parts down.What happens on the ocean floor is mirrored on the surface of the water above.The gravity acts fast to even out the waters surface. The seismic energy createdthat big wave and it doesnt just disappear. Waves start moving up to 600 milesper hour but you cant see them.The Tsunami extends thousands of feet deep into the ocean.

Tsunamis carry lots of water and energy so they can travel very far.


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Effects Effects Tsunamis can Make

1. They can destroy lives/drowned loved ones.

2. Wash away properties. 3. Wash away and drowned pets.

4. The sound will make you scared and after it happensyou might not be able to sleep well because you might

hear the sound of a tsunami at night. 5. You wont have anything to live like: Food, clothes,

shelter, beds and blankets.


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Safety Measures How To Be Safe and Prepared For Tsunamis 1. Pack

some clothes.2. Pack some pet food if you have any pets.

3. Pack food for you and your family.

4. Pack cooking stuff.

5. Flashlights.

6. Sleeping bags. 7. Be ready to get yourself, stuff, family and animals out

of the house and to higher ground.

8. Listen for Tsunami warnings and take themseriously.


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Hurricanes

Hurricane Facts

A hurricane is an intense tropical storm withpowerful winds and heavy rain.

Other names for a hurricane include cyclone,typhoon and tropical storm.

While they are essentially the same thing, thedifferent names usually indicate where the storm

took place. Tropical storms that form in the

Atlantic or Northeast Pacific (near the UnitedStates) are called hurricanes, those that formnear in the Northwest Pacific (near Japan) are

called typhoons and those that form in the SouthPacific or Indian oceans are called cyclones.

Hurricanes usually form in tropical areas of the

world.Hurricanes develop over warm water and use it asan energy source.

Hurricanes lose strength as they move over land.Coastal regions are most at danger from

hurricanes.


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Causes What Causes Hurricanes

1. Hurricanes are large tropical storms that form in the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico.

2. A hurricane has winds up to 74 miles per hour or more.

3. In the eye of a hurricane it is peaceful, but outside the eye it is rough.


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Effects Effects Hurricanes Make

1. Hurricanes can put families lives in danger, kill

loved ones, and give your children scary thoughts.

2. Hurricanes can tear down houses, buildings & trees.

3. You may have to leave your home, your belongings,

and even pets to get out of the way of a hurricane. 4. Alot of property is also damaged by the floods from

the heavy rain that comes with a hurricane.


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Safety Measures Hurricane Safety Tips

1. Watch the news to make sure that they dont say ahurricane is coming. If they do leave ASAP. (As soon aspossible)

2. Dont try saving your animals. You can get killed.

3. When you leave your house find a place far away

from the hurricane to stay for the night.4. Try to save up money in case your insurance won'treplace your house so you will be able to pay for a newone.


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Earthquakes

Earthquake facts

A typical earthquake lasts under 60seconds.

An earthquake can trigger a tsunami or avolcano to erupt.

Alaska has the most earthquakes of anystates in the US

The deadliest earthquake happened inCentral China, killing over 800,000 in

1556. People during that time and regionlived in caves and died from the caves

collapsingAbout the only places that have neverrecorded a major earthquake in the US

are southern parts of Florida, Alabamaand Texas.


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Causes1. What causes earthquakes and where do they happen?2. The earth has four major layers: the inner core, outer core, mantle

and crust. (figure 2) The crust and the top of the mantle make upa thin skin on the surface of our planet. But this skin is not all inone piece it is made up of many pieces like a puzzle covering thesurface of the earth. (figure 3) Not only that, but these puzzle

pieces keep slowly moving around, sliding past one another andbumping into each other. We call these puzzle pieces tectonicplates, and the edges of the plates are called theplate boundaries.The plate boundaries are made up of many faults, and most of theearthquakes around the world occur on these faults. Since theedges of the plates are rough, they get stuck while the rest of theplate keeps moving. Finally, when the plate has moved far enough,

the edges unstick on one of the faults and there is an earthquake.


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Effects The effects of the rumbling produced by earthquakes

usually leads to the destruction of structures such asbuildings, bridges, and dams. They can also trigger

landslides.


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Safety Measures Safety Tips

Have an earthquake readiness plan.

Consult a professional to learn how to make your home sturdier, such asbolting bookcases to wall studs, installing strong latches on cupboards, and

strapping the water heater to wall studs.

Locate a place in each room of the house that you can go to in case of anearthquake. It should be a spot where nothing is likely to fall on you.

Keep a supply of canned food, an up-to-date first aid kit, 3 gallons (11.4 liters)of water per person, dust masks and goggles, and a working battery-operated

radio and flashlights. Know how to turn off your gas and water mains.


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Conclusion


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Glossary natural disaster

tornado

hurricane volcano

earthquakes

tsunamis


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Bibliography Tornadoes

Volcanoes

Tsunamis

Hurricanes

Earthquakes

Documents

Natural Disasters-Research Project