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TextilesNatural and
synthetic fibers
What is a fiber?•The tiny pieces
that are woven or otherwise put together to create yarn and fabrics.
Natural Fibers1. Wool2. Cotton 3. Silk4. Linen
WoolWhere does is come from?
•Sheep •Goats•Rabbits•Llamas•Others
Wool:
Keeps you very warm.
Shrinks when it is wet.
Is course and rough on your skin.
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Cotton:
•The most used natural fiber.
Very cool and comfortable.
Wrinkles easily.
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
SilkWhere does silk come from?
From cocoons made by silkworms!!
Silk:
Strong fiber when dry.
Soft and very comfortable.
Fades and is destroyed by the sun.
Expensive.
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Linen
•Where do we get
linen from?
From the stem or stalk of the flax plant.
Linen •Used to be the main fiber in most
bedding and towels.
Cool and lightweight.
Wrinkles very easily!
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Synthetic Fibers
1. Polyester 2. Nylon 3. Acetate 4. Acrylic
Synthetic = Man-Made
•Synthetic fibers are made from chemical solutions that are forced through a spinnerets. When the liquid leaves the spinneret, it hardens and forms long strands that are later used to make yarn and fabric.
Disadvantages of Synthetics
• They MELT easily!
Polyester:• The most commonly used synthetic fiber.• Used to stuff pillows and comforters.
Can be used to imitate almost any fiber.
Wrinkle-resistant.
Difficult to clean a stain from the fabric..
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Nylon:• The second most used synthetic fiber.• First used to make women’s stockings.
Strong and durable.
Used for many different things, like sleeping bags, tents, rope, and fish nets.
Stains easily.
May yellow if exposed to sunlight.
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Acetate:•Made to imitate silk.
Dries quickly.
Resistant to shrinking.
Less expensive than silk.
Can wrinkle easily.
Damaged by acetone (fingernail polish remover).
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Acrylic:•Made to imitate wool.
Less expensive than wool.
Won’t shrink.
Resistant to moths.
Pills easily.
Problems with static electricity.
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Many, many, many more…
•Olefin•Rayon
•Spandex•Aramid
•Microfiber
How Synthetic Fibers are Made
End of Class Bell Ringer
• Pick up a piece of clothing from the front table. (You may need to work or share with your neighbor.)
• Answer the following questions:– What is it made of?– How do you care for it?– What does the fabric feel like?
