Nationalism Threatens Old Empires

Section 22-4

pp. 705-708

Preview Questions

• How did nationalism contribute to the decline of the Austrian empire?

• What were the main characteristics of the dual monarchy?

• How did the growth of nationalism affect the Balkans?

Austria: A Declining Empire

• Leaders Resisted Change – Censorship – Resist Industrialization

• Nationalist Stirrings– Cultural diversity and nationalism led to

tension– Hapsburgs crushed revolutions of 1848

Austria: A Declining Empire

• Early Reforms – Francis Joseph inherited throne – Defeat in wars led to political change

• New constitution and legislature

• Satisfied few

The Dual Monarchy

• Negotiated by Francis Deak after loss to Prussia in 1866

• Austria-Hungary – Separate states– Own constitutions and legislatures

• Slavs now desire self-rule

Balkan Nationalism

• Serbs and Greeks lead revolts against Ottomans

• Great European powers seize control of Balkans

• Series of wars and conflicts = “Powder Keg of Europe”