National Transportation Statistics

2004

Bureau ofTransportation

Statistics

U.S. Department of Transportation

Our mission: To lead in developing transportation data and informa-tion of high quality and to advance their effective use in both public and private transportation decisionmaking.

Our vision for the future: Data and information of high quality sup-porting every significant transportation policy decision, thus advancing the quality of life and the economic well-being of all Americans.

All material contained in this report is in the public domain and may be used and reprinted without special permission; source citation is required.

Recommended citationU.S. Department of TransportationBureau of Transportation StatisticsNational Transportation Statistics 2004Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, February 2005

Copies of this report and other BTS products may obtained via the following contacts:

Product OrdersBureau of Transportation StatisticsU.S. Department of Transportation400 7th St., SW, K-15Washington, DC 20590

Internet: www.bts.govPhone: 202-366-DATAFax: 202-366-3197

Information Serviceanswers@bts.gov 1-800-853-1351

U.S. Department ofTransportation

Norman Y. MinetaSecretary

Bureau of TransportationStatistics

Rick KowalewskiActing Director

William J. ChangAssociate Director forInformation Systems

Mary J. HutzlerAssociate Directorfor Statistical Programs

Wendell FletcherAssistant Director for Transportation Analysis

AcknowledgmentsProject ManagerLong X. Nguyen

EditorChip Moore

Desktop Publishing SpecialistDorinda Edmondson

Publishing assistantAlpha Glass

Data CollectionBattelle:Bo BergmanBobby GordonLeonard HughesWilliam MallettMichael SandersJacinta SimmonsJakia Torrence

ContributorsFelix Ammah-TagoeDavid ChesserKay DruckerBingsong FangChester FordXiaoli HanGetachew Mekonnen Marissa MercadanteMichael SprungDeepak VirmaniQinshu XieJie Zhang

v

Introduction

Compiled and published by the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), National Transportation Statistics 2004 presents information on the U.S. transportation system, including its physical components, safety record, economic performance, energy use, and environmental impacts. National Transportation Statistics 2004 is a companion document to the Transpor-tation Statistics Annual Report, which analyzes some of the data presented here, and State Transportation Statistics 2004, which presents state-level data on many of the same topics presented here.

The report has four chapters:• Chapter 1 provides data on the extent, condition, use, and performance of the

physical transportation network.• Chapter 2 details transportation’s safety record, giving data on accidents,

crashes, fatalities, and injuries for each transportation mode and hazardous materials.

• Chapter 3 focuses on the relationship between transportation and the economy, presenting data on transportation’s contribution to the gross domestic product, employment by industry and occupation, and transportation-related consumer and government expenditures.

• Chapter 4 presents data on transportation energy use and transportation-related environmental impacts.Appendix A contains metric conversions of select tables. BTS obtained the data

in this report from many sources, including federal government agencies, private industry, and associations. Documents cited as sources for the tables provide detailed information about definitions, methodologies, and statistical reliability. Some of the data are based on samples and are subject to sampling variability.

Generally, data are presented in five-year increments through 1995 and annu-ally thereafter. The web version of the report provides a more comprehensive inven-tory of available data than presented here, including modal profiles. The web version is updated quarterly at www.bts.gov.

Table of Contents � vii

Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION vTable A Social and Economic Characteristics of the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

Chapter 1. The Transportation SystemTable SECTION A. PHYSICAL EXTENT Page1-1 System Mileage Within the United States (Statute miles) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31-2 Number of Air Carriers, Railroads, Interstate Motor Carriers, Marine Vessel Operators,

and Pipeline Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51-3 Number of U.S. Airports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71-4 Public Road and Street Mileage in the United States by Type of Surface

(Thousands of miles) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81-5 U.S. Public Road and Street Mileage by Functional System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91-6 Estimated U.S. Roadway Lane-Miles by Functional System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101-7 Number of Stations Served by Amtrak and Rail Transit, Fiscal Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111-8 ADA Lift- or Ramp-Equipped Transit Buses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121-9 ADA Accessible Rail Transit Stations by Agency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131-10 U.S. Oil and Gas Pipeline Mileage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

SECTION B. VEHICLE, AIRCRAFT, AND VESSEL INVENTORY1-11 Number of U.S. Aircraft, Vehicles, Vessels, and Other Conveyances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191-12 U.S. Sales or Deliveries of New Aircraft, Vehicles, Vessels, and Other Conveyances . . . . . 231-13 Active U.S. Air Carrier and General Aviation Fleet by Type of Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261-14 U.S. Automobile and Truck Fleets by Use (Thousands) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291-15 Annual U.S. Motor Vehicle Production and Factory (Wholesale) Sales (Thousands) . . . . . 311-16 Retail New Passenger Car Sales (Thousands) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321-17 New and Used Passenger Car Sales and Leases (Thousands) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331-18 Retail Sales of New Cars by Sector (Thousands) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341-19 Period Sales, Market Shares, and Sales-Weighted Fuel Economies of New Domestic

and Imported Automobiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351-20 Period Sales, Market Shares, and Sales-Weighted Fuel Economies of New Domestic

and Imported Light Trucks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361-21 Number of Trucks by Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371-22 World Motor Vehicle Production, Selected Countries (Thousands) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381-23 Number and Size of the U.S. Flag Merchant Fleet and Its Share of the World Fleet

(Oceangoing ships of 1,000 gross tons and over) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

SECTION C. CONDITION1-24 U.S. Airport Runway Pavement Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451-25 Median Age of Automobiles and Trucks in Operation in the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . 461-26 Condition of U.S. Roadways by Functional System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471-27 Condition of U.S. Highway Bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511-28 Average Age of Urban Transit Vehicles (Years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521-29 Class I Railroad Locomotive Fleet by Year Built (Locomotive units) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531-30 Age and Availability of Amtrak Locomotive and Car Fleets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541-31 U.S. Flag Vessels by Type and Age (Number of vessels) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

viii � Table of Contents

SECTION D. TRAVEL AND GOODS MOVEMENT1-32 U.S. Vehicle-Miles (Millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 611-33 Roadway Vehicle-Miles Traveled (VMT) and VMT per Lane-Mile by Functional Class . . . 641-34 U.S. Air Carrier Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and

Enplaned Revenue Tons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 661-35 Average Length of Haul, Domestic Freight and Passenger Modes (Miles) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681-36 Worldwide Commercial Space Launches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

TRAVEL1-37 U.S. Passenger-Miles (Millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 721-38 Principal Means of Transportation to Work (Thousands) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751-39 Long-Distance Travel in the United States by Selected Trip Characteristics

(Roundtrips to destinations at least 50 miles away) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 761-40 Long-Distance Travel in the United States by Selected Traveler Characteristics

(Roundtrips to destinations at least 50 miles away) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 791-41 Passengers Boarded at the Top 50 U.S. Airports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 821-42 Air Passenger Travel Arrivals in the United States from Selected

Foreign Countries (Thousands) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 851-43 Air Passenger Travel Departures from the United States to Selected

Foreign Countries (Thousands) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871-44 U.S.-Canadian Border Land-Passenger Gateways: Entering the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 891-45 U.S.-Mexican Border Land-Passenger Gateways: Entering the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

FREIGHT1-46 U.S. Ton-Miles of Freight (Millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 931-47 Top U.S. Foreign Trade Freight Gateways by Value of Shipments (Current $ billions) . . . 951-48 U.S.-Canadian Border Land-Freight Gateways: Number of Truck or

Railcar Crossings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 971-49 U.S.-Mexican Border Land-Freight Gateways: Number of Truck or

Railcar Crossings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 981-50 U.S. Waterborne Freight (Million short tons) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 991-51 Tonnage of Top 50 U.S. Water Ports, Ranked by Total Tons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1001-52 Freight Activity in the United States: Comparison of the

1993, 1997, and 2002 Commodity Flow Surveys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1021-53 Value, Tons, and Ton-Miles of Freight Shipments within the United States by

Domestic Establishments, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1041-54 Value of U.S. Land Exports to and Imports from Canada and

Mexico by Mode ($ millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1061-55 Crude Oil and Petroleum Products Transported in the United States by Mode . . . . . . . . 1081-56 U.S. Hazardous Materials Shipments by Transportation Mode, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1091-57 U.S. Hazardous Materials Shipments by Hazard Class, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

SECTION E. PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE1-58 Passengers Boarded and Denied Boarding by the Largest U.S. Air Carriers (Thousands) . . 1131-59 Mishandled-Baggage Reports Filed by Passengers with the Largest U.S. Air Carriers . . . 1141-60 Flight Operations Arriving On Time by the Largest U.S. Air Carriers (Percent) . . . . . . . 1151-61 FAA-Cited Causes of Departure and En Route Delays (After pushing back from the gate) . . . 1161-62 Major U.S. Air Carrier Delays, Cancellations, and Diversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1171-63 Annual Person-Hours of Highway Traffic Delay Per Person . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1181-64 Travel Time Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Table of Contents � ix

1-65 Annual Roadway Congestion Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1261-66 Annual Highway Congestion Cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1301-67 Amtrak On-Time Performance Trends and Hours of Delay by Cause . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Chapter 2. Transportation SafetySECTION A. MULTIMODAL

2-1 Transportation Fatalities by Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1372-2 Injured Persons by Transportation Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1412-3 Transportation Accidents by Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1452-4 Distribution of Transportation Fatalities by Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1492-5 Highway-Rail Grade-Crossing Safety and Property Damage Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1522-6 Hazardous Materials Fatalities, Injuries, Accidents, and Property Damage Data . . . . . . 1532-7 Transportation-Related Occupational Fatalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1562-8 Reporting Thresholds for Property Damage by U.S. Department of

Transportation Modal Administrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

SECTION B. AIR2-9 U.S. Air Carrier Safety Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1612-10 U.S. Commuter Air Carrier Safety Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1632-11 U.S. Air Carrier Fatal Accidents by First Phase of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1652-12 U.S. Commuter Air Carrier Fatal Accidents by First Phase of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . 1662-13 U.S. On-Demand Air Taxi Safety Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1672-14 U.S. General Aviation Safety Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1682-15 Number of Pilot-Reported Near Midair Collisions (NMAC) by Degree of Hazard . . . . . 1702-16a Airline Passenger Screening Results by Type of Weapons Detected, Persons Arrested,

and Bomb Threats Received . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1712-16b Prohibited Items Intercepted at Airport Screening Checkpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

SECTION C. HIGHWAY2-17 Motor Vehicle Safety Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1752-18 Motor Vehicle Fatalities, Vehicle-Miles, and Associated Rates by

Highway Functional System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1772-19 Occupant Fatalities by Vehicle Type and Nonoccupant Fatalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1792-20 Occupant and Nonmotorist Fatalities in Crashes by Number of Motor Vehicles and

Alcohol Involvement (AI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1812-21 Passenger Car Occupant Safety Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1822-22 Motorcycle Rider Safety Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1832-23 Truck Occupant Safety Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1842-24 Bus Occupant Safety Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1862-25 Fatalities by Highest Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) in Highway Crashes . . . . . . . 1872-26 Number of States with Different Types of Anti-DUI / DWI Legislation in Effect

as of January 1 of the Listed Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1882-27 Motor Vehicle Fatal Crashes by Day of Week, Time of Day, and Weather

and Light Conditions (Percent) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1892-28 Motor Vehicle Fatal Crashes by Posted Speed Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1902-29 Safety Belt and Motorcycle Helmet Use (Percent) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1912-30 Estimated Number of Lives Saved by Use of Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

SECTION D. TRANSIT2-31 Transit Safety and Property Damage Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1972-32 Transit Safety Data by Mode for All Reported Accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

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2-33 Transit Safety Data by Mode for All Reported Incidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002-34 Reports of Violent Crime, Property Crime, and Arrests by Transit Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

SECTION E. RAILROAD2-35 Railroad and Grade-Crossing Fatalities by Victim Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2112-36 Railroad and Grade-Crossing Injured Persons by Victim Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2132-37 Train Fatalities, Injuries, and Accidents by Type of Accident . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2152-38 Railroad Passenger Safety Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2162-39 Railroad System Safety and Property Damage Data (Excludes highway-rail

grade-crossing accidents) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2172-40 Fatalities and Injuries of On-Duty Railroad Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

SECTION F. WATER2-41 Waterborne Transportation Safety and Property Damage Data Related to

Vessel Casualties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2232-42 Waterborne Transportation Safety Data Not Related to Vessel Casualties . . . . . . . . . . . 2242-43 Recreational Boating Safety, Alcohol Involvement, and Property Damage Data . . . . . . . 2252-44 Personal Watercraft Safety Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2262-45 U.S. Coast Guard Search and Rescue Statistics, Fiscal Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

SECTION G. PIPELINE2-46 Hazardous Liquid and Natural Gas Pipeline Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

Chapter 3. Transportation and the EconomySECTION A. TRANSPORTATION AND THE TOTAL ECONOMY

3-1a U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Attributed to For-Hire Transportation Services (Current $ billions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235

3-1b U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Attributed to For-Hire Transportation Services (Chained 2000 $ billions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236

3-2a U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Attributed to Transportation-Related Final Demand (Current $ billions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

3-2b U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Attributed to Transportation-Related Final Demand (Chained 2000 $ billions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

3-3a U.S. Gross Domestic Demand (GDD) Attributed to Transportation-Related Final Demand (Current $ billions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

3-3b U.S. Gross Domestic Demand (GDD) Attributed to Transportation-Related Final Demand (Chained 2000 $ billions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242

3-4a Contributions to Gross Domestic Product (GDP): Selected Industries (Current $ billions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

3-4b Contributions to Gross Domestic Product (GDP): Selected Industries (Chained 2000 $ billions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

3-5 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by Major Social Function (Current $ billions) . . . . . . . . 2473-6 National Transportation and Economic Trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248

SECTION B. TRANSPORTATION AND CONSUMER EXPENDITURES3-7 Passenger and Freight Transportation Expenditures (Current $ millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2513-8 Sales Price of Transportation Fuel to End-Users (Current ¢/gallon) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2533-9 Price Trends of Gasoline v. Other Consumer Goods and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2543-10a Producer Price Indices for Transportation Services (SIC) (Base date = 100) . . . . . . . . . . 2553-10b Producer Price Indices for Transportation Services (NAICS) (Base date = 100) . . . . . . . . 256

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3-11a Producer Price Indices for Transportation Equipment (SIC) (Base date = 100) . . . . . . . . 2593-11b Producer Price Indices for Transportation Equipment (NAICS) (Base date = 100) . . . . . 2603-12 Personal Expenditures by Category (Current $ millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2623-13 Personal Consumption Expenditures on Transportation by Subcategory

(Current $ millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2633-14 Average Cost of Owning and Operating an Automobile (Assuming 15,000

Vehicle-Miles per Year) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2643-15a Average Passenger Fares (Current $) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2653-15b Average Passenger Fares (Chained 2000 $) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

SECTION C. TRANSPORTATION REVENUES, EMPLOYMENT, AND PRODUCTIVITY3-16 Average Passenger Revenue per Passenger-Mile (Current ¢) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2693-17 Average Freight Revenue Per Ton-mile (Current ¢) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2713-18 Total Operating Revenues (Current $ millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2723-19a Employment in For-Hire Transportation and Selected Transportation-Related

Industries (Standard Industrial Classification [SIC] basis) (Thousands) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2743-19b Employment in For-Hire Transportation and Selected Transportation-Related

Industries (North American Industry Classification [NAICS] basis) (Thousands) . . . . . . 2773-20a Employment in Transportation Occupations (Thousands) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2813-20b Employment in Transportation and Transportation-Related Occupations (Thousands) . . .2833-21a Average Wage and Salary Accruals per Full-Time Equivalent Employee by

Transportation Industry (SIC) (Current $) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2873-21b Average Wage and Salary Accruals per Full-Time Equivalent Employee by

Transportation Industry (NAICS) (Current $) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2883-22a Median Weekly Earnings of Full-Time Wage and Salary Workers in Transportation

by Detailed Occupation (Current $) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2893-22b Median Weekly Earnings of Full-Time Wage and Salary Workers in Transportation

by Detailed Occupation (1998 Standard Occupational Classification [SOC] basis)(Current $) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290

3-23a Total Wage and Salary Accruals by Transportation Industry (SIC) (Current $ millions) . . .2923-23b Total Wage and Salary Accruals by Transportation Industry (NAICS) (Current $ millions). . 2933-24a Labor Productivity Indices for Selected Transportation Industries (SIC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2943-24b Labor Productivity Indices for Selected Transportation Industries (NAICS). . . . . . . . . . . 295

SECTION D. GOVERNMENT FINANCE3-25a Federal, State, and Local Government Transportation-Related Revenues and

Expenditures, Fiscal Year (Current $ millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2993-25b Federal, State, and Local Government Transportation-Related Revenues and

Expenditures, Fiscal Year (Chained 2000 $ millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3003-26 Summary of Transportation Revenues and Expenditures from Own Funds and

User Coverage, Fiscal Year (Current and chained 2000 $ millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3013-27a Transportation Revenues by Mode and Level of Government, Fiscal Year

(Current $ millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3023-27b Transportation Revenues by Mode and Level of Government, Fiscal Year

(Chained 2000 $ millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3043-28 Cash Balances of the Transportation-Related Federal Trust Funds, Fiscal Year

($ millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3063-29a Transportation Expenditures by Mode and Level of Government from Own Funds,

Fiscal Year (Current $ millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308

xii � Table of Contents

3-29b Transportation Expenditures by Mode and Level of Government from Own Funds, Fiscal Year (Chained 2000 $ millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310

3-30a Federal Transportation Grants to State and Local Governments by Mode, Fiscal Year (Current $ millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312

3-30b Federal Transportation Grants to State and Local Governments by Mode, Fiscal Year (Chained 2000 $ millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

Chapter 4. Transportation, Energy, and the EnvironmentSECTION A. U.S. AND TRANSPORTATION SECTION ENERGY CONSUMPTION

4-1 Overview of U.S. Petroleum Production, Imports, Exports, and Consumption (Million barrels per day) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317

4-2 U.S. Consumption of Energy from Primary Sources by Sector (Quadrillion Btu) . . . . . . 3194-3 Domestic Demand for Refined Petroleum Products by Sector (Quadrillion Btu) . . . . . . . 320

SECTION B. TRANSPORTATION ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY MODE4-4 U.S. Energy Consumption by the Transportation Sector (Quadrillion Btu) . . . . . . . . . . . 3234-5 Fuel Consumption by Mode of Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3254-6 Energy Consumption by Mode of Transportation (Trillion Btu) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3284-7 Domestic Demand for Gasoline (Million gallons) by Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3314-8 Certificated Air Carrier Fuel Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3324-9 Motor Vehicle Fuel Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3344-10 Estimated Consumption of Alternative and Replacement Fuels for Highway Vehicles

(Thousand gasoline-equivalent gallons) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3354-11 Passenger Car and Motorcycle Fuel Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3364-12 Light Trucks and Other 2-Axle 4-Tire Motor Vehicle Fuel Consumption and Travel . . . 3384-13 Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-Tire or More Truck Fuel Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . 3394-14 Combination Truck Fuel Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3404-15 Bus Fuel Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3414-16 Transit Industry Electric Power and Primary Energy Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . 3424-17 Class I Rail Freight Fuel Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3434-18 Amtrak Fuel Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3444-19 U.S. Government Energy Consumption by Agency and Source (Trillion Btu) . . . . . . . . . 345

SECTION C. TRANSPORTATION ENERGY INTENSITY AND FUEL EFFICIENCY4-20 Energy Intensity of Passenger Modes (Btu per passenger-mile) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3494-21 Energy Intensity of Certificated Air Carriers, All Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3514-22 Energy Intensity of Passenger Cars, Other 2-Axle 4-Tire Vehicles, and Motorcycles . . . 3534-23 Average Fuel Efficiency of U.S. Passenger Cars and Light Trucks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3554-24 Energy Intensity of Transit Motor Buses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3564-25 Energy Intensity of Class I Railroad Freight Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3564-26 Energy Intensity of Amtrak Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3574-27 Annual Wasted Fuel Due to Highway Congestion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3584-28 Wasted Fuel Per Person . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362

SECTION D. AIR POLLUTION4-29 Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured Gasoline-

and Diesel-Powered Light-Duty Vehicles, (Grams per mile) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3694-30a Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured Gasoline-

and Diesel-Powered Light-Duty Trucks (Category LDT1), (Grams per mile) . . . . . . . . . 371

Table of Contents � xiii

4-30b Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured Gasoline- and Diesel-Powered Light-Duty Trucks (Category LDT1), (Grams per mile) . . . . . . . . . 373

4-30c Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured Gasoline- and Diesel-Powered Light-Duty Trucks (Category LDT1), (Grams per mile) . . . . . . . . . 375

4-30d Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured Gasoline-and Diesel-Powered Light-Duty Trucks (Category LDT1), (Grams per mile) . . . . . . . . . 377

4-31 Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured Gasoline- and Diesel-Powered Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles (MDPV), (Grams per mile) . . . . . 379

4-32a Federal Exhaust Emissions Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured Gasoline- and Diesel-Powered Light Heavy-Duty Trucks (Grams per brake horsepower-hour) . . . 381

4-32b Federal Exhaust Emissions Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured Gasoline- and Diesel-Powered Heavy-Duty Trucks (Grams per brake horsepower-hour) . . . . . . . . 384

4-33 Federal Exhaust Emissions Standards for Newly Manufactured Motorcycles (g/km) . . . 3864-34 Federal Exhaust Emissions Standards for Newly Manufactured and In-Use

Aircraft Engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3874-35 Federal Exhaust Emissions Standards for Locomotives (g/bhph except where noted) . . . 3894-36 Federal Exhaust Emissions Standards for Newly Manufactured Marine Spark-Ignition

Outboard, Personal Watercraft, and Jet-Boat Engines (g/kWh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3904-37 Tier 2 Federal Exhaust Emissions Standards for Newly Manufactured Commercial

Marine Compression-Ignition Engines, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3914-38 Estimated National Average Vehicle Emissions Rates by Vehicle Type and Fuel

(Grams per mile) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3934-39 Estimated National Average Vehicle Emissions Rates by Vehicle Type Using

Reformulated Gasoline (Grams per mile) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3954-40 Estimated National Emissions of Carbon Monoxide (Million short tons) . . . . . . . . . . . . 3974-41 Estimated National Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides (Million short tons) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3984-42 Estimated National Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (Million short tons) . . . 3994-43 Estimated National Emissions of Particulate Matter (PM-10) (Million short tons) . . . . . 4004-44 Estimated National Emissions of Particulate Matter (PM-2.5) (Million short tons) . . . . 4024-45 Estimated National Emissions of Sulfur Dioxide (Million short tons) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4044-46 Estimated National Emissions of Lead (Thousand short tons) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4054-47 Air Pollution Trends in Selected Metropolitan Statistical Areas (Number of days with

AQI values greater than 100 at trend sites and all monitoring sites) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4064-48 Areas in Nonattainment of National Ambient Air Quality Standards for

Criteria Pollutants (Condensed nonattainment area list as of September 2001) . . . . . . . 4094-49 U.S. Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Energy Use by Sector (Million metric tons of carbon) . . 415

SECTION E. WATER POLLUTION, NOISE, AND SOLID WASTE4-50 Petroleum Oil Spills Impacting Navigable U.S. Waterways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4194-51 Leaking Underground Storage Tank Releases and Cleanups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4204-52 Highway Noise Barrier Construction (Miles) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4214-53 Number of People Residing in High Noise Areas Around U.S. Airports,

(Within 65 dB DNL noise-level contours) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4224-54 Motor Vehicles Scrapped (Thousands) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423

Appendix A. Metric Conversion Tables1-1M System Kilometers Within the United States (Statute kilometers) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4271-6M Estimated U.S. Roadway Lane-Kilometers by Functional System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429

xiv � Table of Contents

1-32M U.S. Vehicle-Kilometers (Millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4301-33M Roadway Vehicle-Kilometers Traveled (VKT) and VKT per Lane-Kilometer by

Functional Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4331-35M Average Length of Haul, Domestic Freight and Passenger Modes (Kilometers) . . . . . . . 4351-37M U.S. Passenger-Kilometers (Millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4371-46M U.S. Tonne-Kilometers of Freight (Millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4401-50M U.S. Waterborne Freight (Million metric tonnes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4421-55M Crude Oil and Petroleum Products Transported in the United States by Mode . . . . . . . . 4434-3M Domestic Demand for Refined Petroleum Products by Sector (Petajoules) . . . . . . . . . . . 4444-5M Fuel Consumption by Mode of Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4454-6M Energy Consumption by Mode of Transportation (Petajoules) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4484-7M Domestic Demand for Gasoline (Million liters) by Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4514-8M Certificated Air Carrier Fuel Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4524-9M Motor Vehicle Fuel Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4544-11M Passenger Car and Motorcycle Fuel Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4554-13M Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-Tire or More Truck Fuel Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . 4574-14M Combination Truck Fuel Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4584-15M Bus Fuel Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4594-16M Transit Industry Electric Power and Primary Energy Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . 4604-17M Class I Rail Freight Fuel Consumption and Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4614-19M U.S. Government Energy Consumption by Agency and Source (Petajoules) . . . . . . . . . . 4634-20M Energy Intensity of Passenger Modes (Kilojoule per passenger-kilometer) . . . . . . . . . . . 4664-21M Energy Intensity of Certificated Air Carriers, All Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4684-22M Energy Intensity of Passenger Cars, Other 2-Axle 4-Tire Vehicles, and Motorcycles . . . 4704-23M Average Fuel Efficiency of U.S. Passenger Cars and Light Trucks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4724-24M Energy Intensity of Transit Motor Buses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4744-25M Energy Intensity of Class I Railroad Freight Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475

Appendix B. Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477

Appendix C. List of Acronyms and Initialisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495

NOTE: Appendices to the Web version of this report contain Modal Profile tables for six modes (air, highway, transit, rail, water, and pipelines) and Data Source and Accuracy Statements. Go to www.bts.gov.

Table A � xv

TABL

E A:

Soc

ial a

nd E

cono

mic

Cha

ract

eris

tics

of th

e Un

ited

Stat

es

Con

tinue

d ne

xt p

age

1980

1985

1990

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

TO

TA

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ent

po

pu

lati

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(th

ou

san

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226,

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237,

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248,

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266,

278

(R)

269,

394

(R)

272,

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(R)

275,

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279,

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mile

s)

3,61

8,77

0U

3,71

7,79

6U

UU

UU

3,79

4,08

3U

UU

xvi � Table ATA

BLE

A: S

ocia

l and

Eco

nom

ic C

hara

cter

istic

s of

the

Unite

d St

ates

—co

ntin

ued

KE

Y:

NA

= n

ot a

pplic

able

; R =

rev

ised

; U =

dat

a ar

e no

t ava

ilabl

e.

a

Est

imat

es a

s of

Jul

y 1

exce

pt 1

980,

199

0, a

nd 2

000,

whi

ch a

re a

s of

Apr

il 1.

b

Tota

l pop

ulat

ion

coun

t ha

s be

en r

evis

ed s

ince

the

198

0 ce

nsus

. Num

bers

by

age

have

not

bee

n co

rrec

ted

and

may

not

sum

to

tota

l.c

19

95 t

hrou

gh 1

999

data

are

est

imat

es.1980

1985

1990

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

Gro

ss d

om

esti

c p

rod

uct

(ch

ain

ed $

200

0

bill

ion

s)f

UU

UU

UU

9,06

6.9

9,47

0.3

9,81

7.0

9,89

0.7

1,07

4.8

10,3

81.3

Go

vern

men

t, t

ota

lU

UU

UU

U1,

165.

71,

178.

71,

202.

71,

212.

21,

230.

41,

247.

3

Pri

vate

ind

ust

ry, t

ota

lU

UU

UU

U7,

896.

08,

285.

58,

614.

38,

692.

58,

851.

69,

123.

0

Agr

icul

ture

, for

estr

y, fi

shin

g, a

nd h

untin

gU

UU

UU

U84

.687

.498

.091

.898

.110

3.5

Min

ing

UU

UU

UU

123.

412

6.6

121.

311

4.9

112.

410

4.6

Util

ities

UU

UU

UU

171.

317

9.2

189.

318

0.0

190.

720

2.0

Con

stru

ctio

nU

UU

UU

U42

3.2

433.

343

5.9

436.

642

5.1

424.

1

Man

ufac

turin

gU

UU

UU

U1,

286.

21,

342.

11,

426.

21,

346.

91,

378.

21,

440.

0

Who

lesa

le tr

ade

UU

UU

UU

564.

759

4.1

591.

763

3.1

643.

063

1.0

Ret

ail t

rade

UU

UU

UU

598.

863

3.9

662.

470

8.6

746.

478

8.4

Tra

nspo

rtat

ion

and

war

ehou

sing

UU

UU

UU

275.

828

7.4

301.

629

3.6

299.

131

4.2

Info

rmat

ion

UU

UU

UU

377.

043

7.5

458.

347

6.8

475.

550

2.4

Fin

ance

, ins

uran

ce, r

eal e

stat

e, r

enta

l, an

d

leas

ing

UU

UU

UU

1,74

1.7

1,83

4.3

1,93

1.0

2,00

5.4

2,03

3.3

2,09

8.6

Pro

fess

iona

l and

bus

ines

s se

rvic

esU

UU

UU

U1,

049.

31,

105.

51,

140.

81,

133.

41,

147.

91,

188.

0

Edu

catio

nal s

ervi

ces,

hea

lth c

are,

and

soc

ial

assi

stan

ceU

UU

UU

U64

8.6

660.

167

8.4

700.

172

6.6

746.

8

Art

s, e

nter

tain

men

t, re

crea

tion,

acc

omod

atio

n,

and

food

ser

vice

sU

UU

UU

U32

7.2

339.

035

0.1

347.

635

4.1

360.

9

Oth

er s

ervi

ces,

exc

ept g

over

nmen

tU

UU

UU

U23

3.4

229.

722

9.1

225.

322

3.4

224.

5

To

tal c

ivili

an la

bo

r fo

rce

(th

ou

san

ds)

106,

940

115,

461

125,

840

132,

304

133,

943

136,

297

137,

673

139,

368

(R)

142,

583

(R)

143,

734

144,

863

146,

510

Par

ticip

atio

n ra

te o

f men

(pe

rcen

t)77

.476

.376

.475

.074

.975

.074

.974

.774

.874

.474

.173

.5

Par

ticip

atio

n ra

te o

f wom

en (

perc

ent)

51.5

54.5

57.5

58.9

59.3

59.8

59.8

60.0

59.9

59.8

59.6

59.5

Nu

mb

er o

f h

ou

seh

old

s (t

ho

usa

nd

s)80

,776

86,7

8993

,347

98,9

9099

,627

101,

018

102,

528

103,

874

104,

705

108,

209

109,

297

111,

278

Ave

rag

e si

ze o

f h

ou

seh

old

s2.

762.

692.

632.

652.

652.

642.

622.

612.

622.

582.

582.

57

Med

ian

ho

use

ho

ld in

com

e g

,h (

con

stan

t $

2003

)37

,447

38,5

1040

,865

40,8

4541

,431

42,2

9443

,825

44,9

2244

,853

43,8

8243

,381

43,3

18

Ave

rag

e h

ou

seh

old

exp

end

itu

res

h

(co

nst

ant

$ 20

03)

U37

,444

37,8

6537

,807

38,5

6838

,904

39,1

5339

,922

38,0

4539

,518

40,6

6740

,817

Table A � xvii

TABL

E A:

Soc

ial a

nd E

cono

mic

Cha

ract

eris

tics

of th

e Un

ited

Stat

es—

cont

inue

d

d

New

met

ropo

litan

are

a de

fini

tion

s w

ere

publ

ishe

d by

the

Off

ice

of B

udge

t an

d M

anag

emen

t (O

MB

) in

200

3. T

hese

def

init

ions

wer

e ap

plie

d to

pop

ulat

ion

data

by

the

Cen

sus

Bur

eau

begi

nnin

g w

ith

the

data

fro

m t

he 2

000

Cen

sus.

A n

ew t

erm

, cor

e ba

sed

stat

isti

cal a

reas

(C

BSA

s), c

olle

ctiv

ely

refe

rs t

o m

etro

-po

litan

and

mic

ropo

litan

sta

tist

ical

are

as. A

met

ropo

litan

sta

tist

ical

are

a is

def

ined

as

havi

ng a

t le

ast

one

urba

nize

d ar

ea o

f 50

,000

or

mor

e in

habi

tant

s. A

m

icro

polit

an s

tati

stic

al a

rea

is d

efin

ed a

s ha

ving

at

leas

t on

e ur

ban

clus

ter

of m

ore

than

10,

000

but

less

tha

n 50

,000

inha

bita

nts.

e

As

of A

pril

1 of

yea

r in

dica

ted.

The

Cen

sus

Bur

eau

only

tab

ulat

es u

rban

/ ru

ral n

umbe

rs f

or t

he d

ecen

nial

cen

sus

year

s.f

As

of J

uly

1 fo

r al

l yea

rs e

xcep

t 19

80, 1

990,

and

200

0.g

Fi

scal

yea

r en

ding

Sep

tem

ber

30.

h

The

Cen

sus

Bur

eau

calc

ulat

es s

quar

e m

ileag

e co

mpr

isin

g la

nd a

nd w

ater

are

a fo

r th

e de

cenn

ial c

ensu

s ye

ars.

Dat

a fo

r 19

80 c

ompr

ises

land

and

inla

nd

wat

er.

Dat

a fo

r 19

90 c

ompr

ises

land

, Gre

at L

akes

, inl

and

wat

er, a

nd c

oast

al w

ater

. D

ata

for

2000

com

pris

es la

nd, G

reat

Lak

es, i

nlan

d w

ater

, ter

rito

rial

w

ater

, and

coa

stal

wat

er.

i E

stim

ates

for

198

0 an

d 19

85 a

re s

how

n on

the

bas

is o

f th

e 19

72 S

tand

ard

Indu

stri

al C

ode

(SIC

); 1

990-

2002

are

bas

ed o

n th

e 19

87 S

IC.

Val

ues

expr

esse

d as

cha

ined

199

6 do

llars

usi

ng in

dust

ry-s

peci

fic,

cha

in-t

ype

quan

tity

indi

ces

from

the

Bur

eau

of E

cono

mic

Ana

lysi

s.j

Hou

seho

lds

as o

f M

arch

of

follo

win

g ye

ar.

k

Con

vert

ed t

o co

nsta

nt 2

002

dolla

rs u

sing

the

CPI

-U-R

S pr

ice

inde

x.

SOU

RC

ES

U.S

. res

iden

t po

pula

tion

:

1980

-99:

U.S

. Dep

artm

ent

of C

omm

erce

, Bur

eau

of t

he C

ensu

s, S

tati

stic

al A

bstr

act

of t

he U

nite

d St

ates

200

0 (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: 2

001)

, tab

le 1

5.

2000

-01:

Ibi

d., S

tati

stic

al A

bstr

act

of t

he U

nite

d St

ates

200

2 (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: 2

003)

, tab

le 1

5.

2002

: Ibi

d., S

tati

stic

al A

bstr

act

of t

he U

nite

d St

ates

200

3 (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: 2

004)

, tab

le 1

3.

Age

:

1980

-99:

Ibi

d., S

tati

stic

al A

bstr

act

of t

he U

nite

d St

ates

200

0 (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: 2

001)

, tab

le 1

2.

2000

-02:

Ibi

d., S

tati

stic

al A

bstr

act

of t

he U

nite

d St

ates

200

3 (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: 2

004)

, tab

le 1

3.

Sex:

1980

-99:

Ibi

d., S

tati

stic

al A

bstr

act

of t

he U

nite

d St

ates

200

0 (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: 2

001)

, tab

le 1

0.

2000

-02:

Ibi

d., S

tati

stic

al A

bstr

act

of t

he U

nite

d St

ates

200

3 (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: 2

004)

, tab

le 1

1.

Met

ropo

litan

are

as:

1980

-90,

199

8: I

bid.

, Sta

tist

ical

Abs

trac

t of

the

Uni

ted

Stat

es 2

000

(Was

hing

ton,

DC

: 200

1), t

able

32.

2000

: Ibi

d., C

ensu

s 20

00 P

HC

-T-2

9 (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: 2

003)

, tab

le 1

a.

2000

-02:

Ibi

d., S

tati

stic

al A

bstr

act

of t

he U

nite

d St

ates

200

3, A

ppen

dix

2 (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: 2

004)

, tab

le B

.

Rur

al /

urb

an:

1980

-90:

Ibi

d., S

tati

stic

al A

bstr

act

of t

he U

nite

d St

ates

200

0 (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: 2

001)

, tab

le 3

7.

2000

: Ibi

d., C

ensu

s 20

00: S

umm

ary

File

2 (

SF 2

), I

nter

net

site

htt

p://w

ww

.cen

sus.

gov/

Pres

s-R

elea

se/w

ww

/200

1/su

mfi

le2.

htm

l as

of J

une

18, 2

003.

Reg

ions

:

1990

-99:

Ibi

d., I

nter

net

site

htt

p://w

ww

.cen

sus.

gov/

popu

lati

on/e

stim

ates

/sta

te/s

t-99

-3.t

xt a

s of

Dec

. 29,

199

9.

2000

-02:

Ibi

d., S

tati

stic

al A

bstr

act

of t

he U

nite

d St

ates

200

3 (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: 2

004)

, tab

le 1

7.

Con

tinue

d ne

xt p

age

xviii � Table ATA

BLE

A: S

ocia

l and

Eco

nom

ic C

hara

cter

istic

s of

the

Unite

d St

ates

—co

ntin

ued

Imm

igra

nts:

1980

-85:

Ibi

d., S

tati

stic

al A

bstr

act

of t

he U

nite

d St

ates

199

0 (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: 1

990)

, tab

le 6

.

1990

-96:

Ibi

d., S

tati

stic

al A

bstr

act

of t

he U

nite

d St

ates

199

8 (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: 1

998)

, tab

le 6

.

1997

: U.S

. Dep

artm

ent

of J

usti

ce, I

mm

igra

tion

and

Nat

ural

izat

ion

Serv

ice,

Off

ice

of P

olic

y an

d Pl

anni

ng, S

tati

stic

s B

ranc

h, A

nnua

l Rep

ort,

Leg

al I

mm

igra

-ti

on, F

isca

l Yea

r 20

00, N

o. 6

, Jan

uary

200

2, I

nter

net

site

htt

p://w

ww

.bci

s.go

v/gr

aphi

cs/s

hare

d/ab

outu

s/st

atis

tics

/IM

M20

00A

R.p

df a

s of

Jun

e 18

, 200

3.

1998

-200

1: U

.S. D

epar

tmen

t of

Jus

tice

, Im

mig

rati

on a

nd N

atur

aliz

atio

n Se

rvic

e, O

ffic

e of

Pol

icy

and

Plan

ning

, Sta

tist

ics

Bra

nch,

Ann

ual R

epor

t, L

egal

Im

mig

rati

on, F

isca

l Yea

r 20

01,I

nter

net

site

htt

p://w

ww

.bci

s.go

v/gr

aphi

cs/s

hare

d/ab

outu

s/st

atis

tics

/IM

M20

01.p

df a

s of

Jun

e 18

, 200

3.

2002

: U.S

. Cit

izen

ship

and

Im

mig

rati

on S

ervi

ces,

200

2 Y

earb

ook

of I

mm

igra

tion

Sta

tist

ics

(Was

hing

ton,

DC

: 200

3), I

nter

net

site

htt

p://u

scis

.gov

/gra

phic

s/sh

ared

/abo

utus

/sta

tist

ics/

Yea

rboo

k200

2.pd

f as

of

Feb.

20,

200

4.

Tot

al a

rea:

U.S

. Dep

artm

ent

of C

omm

erce

, Bur

eau

of t

he C

ensu

s, S

tati

stic

al A

bstr

act

of t

he U

nite

d St

ates

200

2 (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C:2

003)

, tab

le 1

.

Gro

ss d

omes

tic

prod

uct:

1980

-90:

U.S

. Dep

artm

ent

of C

omm

erce

, Bur

eau

of E

cono

mic

Ana

lysi

s, S

urve

y of

Cur

rent

Bus

ines

s (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: N

ovem

ber

1997

).

1995

-96:

Ibi

d., N

ovem

ber

1998

.

1997

: Ibi

d., N

ovem

ber

2001

.

1998

-200

2: I

bid.

, May

200

3.

Civ

ilian

labo

r fo

rce:

U.S

. Dep

artm

ent

of C

omm

erce

, Bur

eau

of t

he C

ensu

s, S

tati

stic

al A

bstr

act

of t

he U

nite

d St

ates

200

3 (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: 2

004)

, tab

le 5

87.

Part

icip

atio

n ra

tes:

U.S

. Dep

artm

ent o

f Lab

or, B

urea

u of

Lab

or S

tati

stic

s, C

urre

nt P

opul

atio

n Su

rvey

, Tab

le 2

, Em

ploy

men

t St

atus

of

the

Civ

ilian

Non

inst

itut

iona

l Pop

ulat

ion

16

year

s an

d O

ver

by S

ex, 1

971

to D

ate,

Int

erne

t si

te f

tp://

ftp.

bls.

gov/

pub/

spec

ial.r

eque

sts/

lf/a

at2.

txt

as o

f Fe

b. 2

0, 2

004.

Num

ber

of h

ouse

hold

s:

U.S

. Dep

artm

ent

of C

omm

erce

, Bur

eau

of t

he C

ensu

s, C

urre

nt P

opul

atio

n Su

rvey

, Tab

le H

H-1

, Hou

seho

lds

by T

ype:

194

0 to

Pre

sent

, Int

erne

t si

te h

ttp:

//w

ww

.cen

sus.

gov/

popu

lati

on/s

ocde

mo/

hh-f

am/t

abH

H-1

.pdf

as

of F

eb. 2

0, 2

004.

Ave

rage

siz

e of

hou

seho

lds:

U.S

. Dep

artm

ent

of C

omm

erce

, Bur

eau

of t

he C

ensu

s, C

urre

nt P

opul

atio

n Su

rvey

, Tab

le H

H-6

, Ave

rage

Pop

ulat

ion

Per

Hou

seho

ld a

nd F

amily

: 194

0 to

P

rese

nt, I

nter

net

site

htt

p://w

ww

.cen

sus.

gov/

popu

lati

on/s

ocde

mo/

hh-f

am/t

abH

H-6

.pdf

as

Feb.

20,

200

4.

Med

ian

hous

ehol

d in

com

e:

U.S

. Dep

artm

ent

of L

abor

, Bur

eau

of t

he C

ensu

s, C

urre

nt P

opul

atio

n Su

rvey

, Tab

le A

-1, H

ouse

hold

s by

Tot

al M

oney

Inc

ome,

Rac

e, a

nd H

ispa

nic

Ori

gin

of

Hou

seho

lder

: 196

7-20

02, I

nter

net

site

htt

p://w

ww

.cen

sus.

gov/

hhes

/inco

me/

hist

inc/

h05.

htm

l as

of F

eb. 2

0, 2

004.

Ave

rage

hou

seho

ld e

xpen

ditu

res:

U.S

Dep

artm

ent

of L

abor

, Bur

eau

of L

abor

Sta

tist

ics,

Ave

rage

Ann

ual E

xpen

ditu

res

and

Cha

ract

eris

tics

of

All

Con

sum

er U

nits

, Con

sum

er E

xpen

ditu

re S

ur-

vey,

200

0-20

02, I

nter

net

site

htt

p://w

ww

.bls

.gov

/cex

/200

2/st

anda

rd/m

ulti

yr.p

df a

s of

Feb

. 20,

200

4.

Chapter 1The Transportation

System

Section APhysical Extent

Physical Extent � 3

TABL

E 1-

1: S

yste

m M

ileag

e W

ithin

the

Unite

d St

ates

(Sta

tute

mile

s)

KE

Y:

N =

dat

a do

not

exi

st; R

= r

evis

ed; U

= d

ata

are

not a

vaila

ble.

a

All

publ

ic r

oad

and

stre

et m

ileag

e in

the

50

stat

es a

nd t

he D

istr

ict

of C

olum

bia.

For

yea

rs p

rior

to

1980

, som

e m

iles

of n

onpu

blic

roa

dway

s ar

e in

clud

ed. N

o co

nsis

tent

dat

a on

pri

vate

roa

d m

ileag

e ar

e av

aila

ble.

Beg

inni

ng in

199

8, a

ppro

xim

atel

y 43

,000

mile

s of

Bur

eau

of L

and

Man

agem

ent

Roa

ds a

re e

xclu

ded.

b

Dat

a re

pres

ent

mile

s of

roa

d ow

ned

(agg

rega

te le

ngth

of

road

, exc

ludi

ng y

ard

trac

ks, s

idin

gs, a

nd p

aral

lel l

ines

).c

P

orti

ons

of C

lass

I f

reig

ht r

ailr

oads

, Am

trak

, and

com

mut

er r

ail n

etw

orks

sha

re c

omm

on t

rack

age.

Am

trak

dat

a re

pres

ent

mile

s of

tra

ck o

pera

ted.

d

Tra

nsit

sys

tem

mile

age

is m

easu

red

in d

irec

tion

al r

oute

-mile

s. A

dir

ecti

onal

rou

te-m

ile is

the

mile

age

in e

ach

dire

ctio

n ov

er w

hich

pub

lic t

rans

port

atio

n ve

hi-

cles

tra

vel w

hile

in r

even

ue s

ervi

ce.

Dir

ecti

onal

rou

te-m

iles

are

com

pute

d w

ith

rega

rd t

o di

rect

ion

of s

ervi

ce, b

ut w

itho

ut r

egar

d to

the

num

ber

of t

raff

ic la

nes

or r

ail t

rack

s ex

isti

ng in

the

rig

ht-o

f-w

ay.

e

The

se a

re e

stim

ated

sum

s of

all

dom

esti

c w

ater

way

s w

hich

incl

ude

rive

rs, b

ays,

cha

nnel

s, a

nd t

he in

ner

rout

e of

the

Sou

thea

st A

lask

an I

slan

ds, b

ut d

oes

not

incl

ude

the

Gre

at L

akes

or

deep

oce

an t

raff

ic.

The

Wat

erbo

rne

Com

mer

ce S

tati

stic

s C

ente

r m

onit

ored

12,

612

mile

s as

com

mer

cial

ly s

igni

fica

nt in

land

sha

l-lo

w-d

raft

wat

erw

ays

in 2

001.

f

Inc

lude

s tr

unk

and

gath

erin

g lin

es f

or c

rude

-oil

pipe

line.

g

Exc

lude

s se

rvic

e pi

pelin

es.

Dat

a no

t ad

just

ed t

o co

mm

on d

iam

eter

equ

ival

ent.

Mile

age

as o

f th

e en

d of

eac

h ye

ar.

Incl

udes

gat

heri

ng, t

rans

mis

sion

, and

dis

-tr

ibut

ion

mai

ns.

Prio

r to

199

0 da

ta a

lso

incl

ude

fiel

d lin

es.

See

tabl

e 1-

10 f

or a

mor

e de

taile

d br

eako

ut o

f oi

l and

gas

pip

elin

e m

ileag

e. I

n th

e pa

st, m

ileag

e da

ta r

epor

ted

in G

as F

acts

was

tak

en f

rom

the

Am

eric

an G

as A

ssoc

iati

on's

mem

ber

surv

ey, t

he U

nifo

rm S

tati

stic

al R

epor

t, s

uppl

emen

ted

wit

h es

tim

ates

for

co

mpa

nies

tha

t di

d no

t pa

rtic

ipat

e. F

or 2

002

and

revi

sed

data

bac

k to

199

0, G

as F

acts

mile

age

data

is n

ow b

ased

on

info

rmat

ion

repo

rted

to

the

U.S

. Dep

art-

men

t of

Tra

nspo

rtat

ion

on F

orm

710

0.

SOU

RC

ES

Hig

hway

:19

60-9

5: U

.S. D

epar

tmen

t of

Tra

nspo

rtat

ion,

Fed

eral

Hig

hway

Adm

inis

trat

ion,

Hig

hway

Sta

tist

ics

Sum

mar

y to

199

5, F

HW

A-P

L-9

7-00

9 (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C:

Ann

ual i

ssue

s), t

able

HM

-212

. 20

00-0

3: I

bid.

, Hig

hway

Sta

tist

ics

(Was

hing

ton,

DC

: Ann

ual i

ssue

s), t

able

HM

-20.

Con

tinue

d ne

xt p

age

1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2001

2002

2003

Hig

hw

aya

3,54

5,69

33,

689,

666

3,73

0,08

23,

838,

146

3,85

9,83

73,

863,

912

3,86

6,92

63,

912,

226

3,93

6,22

23,

948,

335

3,96

6,48

53,

974,

107

Cla

ss I

rail

b,c

207,

334

199,

798

196,

479

191,

520

164,

822

145,

764

119,

758

108,

264

99,2

5097

,817

100,

125

99,1

26

Am

trak

cN

NN

N24

,000

24,0

0024

,000

24,0

0023

,000

23,0

0023

,000

22,6

75

Tra

nsi

td

Com

mut

er r

ail c

NN

NN

N3,

574

4,13

24,

160

5,20

95,

209

4,44

0U

Hea

vy r

ail

NN

NN

N1,

293

1,35

11,

458

1,55

81,

572

1,57

2U

Ligh

t rai

lN

NN

NN

384

483

568

834

897

943

U

Nav

igab

le c

han

nel

s e

25,0

0025

,000

26,0

0026

,000

26,0

0026

,000

26,0

0026

,000

26,0

0026

,000

26,0

0026

,000

Oil

pip

elin

e f

190,

944

210,

867

218,

671

225,

889

218,

393

213,

605

208,

752

181,

912

176,

996

UU

160,

868

Gas

pip

elin

e g

630,

950

767,

520

913,

267

979,

263

1,05

1,77

41,

118,

875

(R)

1,18

9,20

0(R

) 1,

277,

600

(R)

1,36

9,30

0(R

) 1,

373,

500

1,41

1,38

1U

4 � Chapter 1: The Transportation SystemTA

BLE

1-1:

Sys

tem

Mile

age

With

in th

e Un

ited

Stat

es (S

tatu

te m

iles)

—co

ntin

ued

Cla

ss I

rai

l:19

60-2

003:

Ass

ocia

tion

of

Am

eric

an R

ailr

oads

, Rai

lroa

d Fa

cts

2003

(W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: 2

003)

, p. 4

5, a

nd s

imila

r ta

bles

in e

arlie

r ed

itio

ns.

Am

trak

:19

80: A

mtr

ak, C

orpo

rate

Pla

nnin

g an

d D

evel

opm

ent,

per

sona

l com

mun

icat

ion

(Was

hing

ton,

DC

).19

85-2

001:

Am

trak

, Cor

pora

te P

lann

ing

and

Dev

elop

men

t, A

mtr

ak A

nnua

l Rep

ort,

Sta

tist

ical

App

endi

x (W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: A

nnua

l iss

ues)

.20

02-0

3: A

ssoc

iati

on o

f A

mer

ican

Rai

lroa

ds, R

ailr

oad

Fact

s 20

04 (

Was

hing

ton,

DC

: 200

4), p

. 77,

and

sim

ilar

tabl

es in

ear

lier

edit

ions

.

Tra

nsit

: 19

85-2

002:

U.S

. Dep

artm

ent

of T

rans

port

atio

n, F

eder

al T

rans

it A

dmin

istr

atio

n, N

atio

nal T

rans

it D

atab

ase

(Was

hing

ton,

DC

: Ann

ual i

ssue

s), t

able

23

and

sim

i-la

r ta

bles

in e

arlie

r ed

itio

ns.

Nav

igab

le c

hann

els:

1960

-95:

U.S

. Arm

y C

orps

of

Eng

inee

rs, O

hio

Riv

er D

ivis

ion,

Hun

ting

ton

Dis

tric

t, O

hio

Riv

er N

avig

atio

n Sy

stem

Rep

ort,

199

6, C

omm

erce

on

the

Ohi

o R

iver

an

d it

s T

ribu

tari

es (

Fort

Bel

voir,

VA

: 199

6), p

. 2.

2000

-03:

Ibi

d., p

erso

nal c

omm

unic

atio

n, A

ug. 1

2, 2

003

and

July

23,

200

4.

Oil

pipe

line:

1960

-200

0: E

no T

rans

port

atio

n Fo

unda

tion

, Inc

., T

rans

port

atio

n in

Am

eric

a, 2

002

(Was

hing

ton,

DC

: 200

2), p

. 58.

20

01-0

3: U

.S. D

epar

tmen

t of

Tra

nspo

rtat

ion,

Res

earc

h an

d Sp

ecia

l Pro

gram

s A

dmin

istr

atio

n, O

ffic

e of

Pip

elin

e Sa

fety

, Pip

elin

e St

atis

tics

, Int

erne

t si

te h

ttp:

//op

s.do

t.go

v/st

ats.

htm

as

of D

ec. 8

, 200

4.

Gas

pip

elin

e:19

60-2

002:

Am

eric

an G

as A

ssoc

iati

on, G

as F

acts

(A

rlin

gton

, VA

: Ann

ual i

ssue

s), t

able

s 5-

1 an

d 5-

3 an

d si

mila

r ta

bles

in e

arlie

r ed

itio

ns.

Physical Extent � 5

TABL

E 1-

2: N

umbe

r of A

ir Ca

rrie

rs, R

ailro

ads,

Inte

rsta

te M

otor

Car

riers

, Mar

ine

Vess

el O

pera

tors

, and

Pip

elin

e Op

erat

ors

KE

Y:

N =

dat

a do

not

exi

st; R

= r

evis

ed; U

= d

ata

are

not a

vaila

ble.

a

Car

rier

gro

ups

are

cate

gori

zed

base

d on

the

ir a

nnua

l ope

rati

ng r

even

ues

as m

ajor

, nat

iona

l, la

rge

regi

onal

, and

med

ium

reg

iona

l. T

he t

hres

hold

s w

ere

last

adj

uste

d Ju

ly 1

, 199

9, a

nd t

he t

hres

hold

for

maj

or a

ir c

arri

ers

is c

urre

ntly

$1

billi

on. T

he o

ther

air

car

rier

cat

egor

y co

ntai

ns a

ll na

tion

al,

larg

e re

gion

al, a

nd m

ediu

m r

egio

nal a

ir c

arri

ers.

b

Fi

gure

s ar

e fo

r th

e fi

scal

yea

r, O

ctob

er th

roug

h Se

ptem

ber.

The

Fed

eral

Mot

or C

arri

er S

afet

y A

dmin

istr

atio

n de

lete

s m

otor

car

rier

s fr

om t

he M

otor

C

arri

er M

anag

emen

t In

form

atio

n Sy

stem

(MC

MIS

) w

hen

they

rec

eive

an

offi

cial

not

ice

of a

cha

nge

in s

tatu

s. T

his

mos

t oft

en o

ccur

s w

hen

a sa

fety

au

dit

or c

ompl

ianc

e re

view

is a

ttem

pted

. A

s a

resu

lt, i

nact

ive

carr

iers

may

be

incl

uded

in t

he M

CM

IS.

c

The

pri

nted

sou

rce

mat

eria

ls d

o no

t co

ntai

n to

tals

for

the

num

ber

of o

pera

tors

and

dat

a fi

les

from

whi

ch t

he f

igur

es c

an b

e de

term

ined

are

not

av

aila

ble

prio

r to

199

3.d

T

here

is s

ome

over

lap

amon

g th

e op

erat

ors

for

the

pipe

line

mod

es s

o th

e to

tal n

umbe

r of

pip

elin

e op

erat

ors

is lo

wer

tha

n th

e su

m f

or t

he t

hree

pi

pelin

e m

odes

.e

P

rior

to

1980

, the

sou

rce

of m

otor

car

rier

dat

a w

as t

he I

nter

stat

e C

omm

erce

Com

mis

sion

(IC

C),

whi

ch w

as a

bolis

hed

on J

an. 1

, 199

6. (

Cer

tain

fu

ncti

ons

wer

e tr

ansf

erre

d to

the

Sur

face

Tra

nspo

rtat

ion

Boa

rd a

nd t

he D

epar

tmen

t of

Tra

nspo

rtat

ion.

) T

he s

yste

m u

sed

by I

CC

to

colle

ct m

otor

ca

rrie

r da

ta d

iffe

rs s

igni

fica

ntly

fro

m t

hat

used

by

the

Fede

ral M

otor

Car

rier

Saf

ety

Adm

inis

trat

ion

in it

s M

otor

Car

rier

Man

agem

ent

Info

rmat

ion

Syst

em (

MC

MIS

), w

hich

beg

an o

pera

tion

s in

198

0. T

he M

CM

IS is

upd

ated

wee

kly,

but

arc

hive

ver

sion

s ar

e no

t re

tain

ed.

Bec

ause

of

diff

eren

ces

betw

een

the

two

syst

ems,

dat

a ar

e no

t co

mpa

rabl

e an

d th

us a

re n

ot in

clud

ed h

ere.

f

Inc

lude

s m

aste

r m

eter

and

mob

ile h

ome

park

nat

ur