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National StudiesGERMANY 1918 – 1939
Nazism in PowerRole of Terror and Repression
2Enforcing Compliance
ByS. Angelo
Head Teacher HistoryEast Hills Girls Technology High
School2009
LegislationReichstag Fire Decree Decree for the Protection of the German People28 February 1933
• Freedom of expression, press, assembly, association suspended
• Indefinite detention without court order
• Violations to postal, telegraphic, telephone privacy
• Increased police powers – house searches, confiscations, restrictions on property rights
• This decree formed the basis of the Nazi repression
Enabling Act Act for the Removal of Distress from People and Reich23 March 1933
• Reich cabinet can enact laws
• National laws may deviate from Constitution
• Laws prepared by the Chancellor
• Laws come into effect the day after publication
Gleichschaltung -Controlling All Aspects of Life
Laws 1933• April 7: Law for the Co-
ordination of the States with the Reich
• May 2: The German Labour Front – Ley
• June : Ministry for Public Enlightenment & Propaganda
• July 14: Law against the Establishment of New Parties
• Sept: Reich Chamber of Culture
• Editorial Law
Laws 1934• Jan 30: Law for the
Reconstruction of the Reich
• Feb 14: Law for the Abolition of the Reichsrat
• June 29/30: Elimination of SA leadership
• July 3: Law Concerning Measures Taken in Defence of the State
• Aug 1: Law Concerning the Sovereign Head of the German Reich
Party Membership
National movement
5.3 million members in 1939
Members represented all walks of life
8 million members by 1945
People joined to get jobs; expediency
Leadership = male white collar workers
Leadership = craft/working class
Organised into hierarchy parallel to state
Army & SS
Nazi Subsidiary OrganisationsPolitical Organisations
NS Factory Organisation
NS Women’s Organisation
NS Teacher’s Organisation
NS Doctor’s Organisation
NS Lawyer’s Organisation
NS Welfare Organisation
Propaganda Offices
Hitler Youth
Reich Labour Service
Hitler Youth Organisation