“National Education System and In-Service Teacher Training in TURKEY”

“National Education System and

In-Service Teacher Training in TURKEY”

ARION Study Visit September 24-28, 2007

Vilnius, Lithuania

Grup TURKEY

Our most important and prosperous duty is

National Education. We have to be successful in National Education. The real liberation of a nation

can only be achieved through education.M. Kemal ATATÜRK

1923

The General Information about The Republic of Turkey

Capital : AnkaraOfficial Language : Turkish Government : Parliamentary democracyArea : 779.452 km2 (36 rd)Compulsory Education : 8 yearsPopulation : 76.028.600 (17 th)GDP (nominal) : $ 410.8 billion (16 th)Per capita income : $ 5.561 (57 rd) Member of : UN, NATO, IMF, EC, OECDUnemployment Rate : 8.5Religion : Muslim 99 %, Other 1 %

GENERAL STRUCTURE OF THE GENERAL STRUCTURE OF THE TURKISH EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMTURKISH EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM

FORMAL EDUCATIONFORMAL EDUCATION NON-FORMAL EDUCATIONNON-FORMAL EDUCATION

Formal education includes Pre-school education (in the age group of 3 to 5 on an optional basis)

Primary education (in the age group of 6 to 14 on compulsory for all citizens and is free at State schools)

Secondary education (in general, vocational and technical character on an optional basis and is free at State schools)

Higher education (Universities, Faculties, Institutes, Vocational Schools, Conservatories, Research and Application Centers)

PART I: Formal Education

PART II: Non-Formal Education

* To teach citizens to read and write and provide them with the possibility of continuous education so that they may complete their deficient education,

* To provide them with the opportunity of education that shall help them in adjusting to scientific, technological, economic, social and cultural developments,

* To provide education that serves to protect, develop, promote and assimilate the values of our culture,

* To ensure that an understanding and habits for living together, solidarity, mutual assistance, working together and getting organized are acquired and assimilated,

* To provide opportunities for citizens in non-formal education to gain a profession in accordance with the employment policies and inline with the development of the economy,

* To promote a healthy way of life and healthy nutritional habits, * To provide people engaged in various professions with the necessary

information and skills for further development, * To establish the habit of spending and using spare time productively…

Turkish National Education System

PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION (KINDERGARTEN AND NURSERY)

PRIMARY EDUCATION

AGE

3-5

6-14

GENERAL AND VOCATIONAL TECHNICAL AND SECONDARY EDUCATION14-18

HIGHER EDUCATION

Ap

pre

nti

cesh

ip T

rain

ing

No

n-F

orm

al, A

du

lt, C

on

tin

uo

us

Ed

uca

tio

n

18 +

Open LearningAssociate D.Undergraduate

Master

PhD.

Master

PhD.

Schooling Rate by Level of Education and Year of Education

Scholloing Ratio is obtained by dividing the total number of students in a specific level of education by the population in the theoretical age group.

PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION

10

15

20

25

30

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year of Education

Sc

ho

olin

g R

ati

o

Total Males Females

Schooling Rate by Level of Education and the Year of Education Year

PRIMARY EDUCATION

90

92

94

96

98

100

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year of Education

Sc

ho

olin

g R

ati

o

Total Males Females



SECONDARY EDUCATION

60

70

80

90

100

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year of Education

Sch

oo

ling

Ra

tio

Total Males Females

""



HIGHER EDUCATION

20

25

30

35

40

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year of Education

Sch

oo

lin

g R

atio

Total Males Females


The Number of School, teacher and Enrollment by level of Education in 2007

Level of Education School Enrollment Teacher

Pre-school Education 20 675 640 849 10 016

Primary Education 34 656 10 846 930 402 829

Secondary Education 7 934 3 386 717 187 665

Non-Formal Education 10 576 4 508 564 79 370

General Total 73 841 19 383 060 679 880

Portions of National Education Budget(NEB) in GNP and Consolidated Budget(CB)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Po

rtio

ns

of

NE

B i

n G

NP

an

d C

B

(%)

Ratio of NEB in GNP Ratio of NEB in CB

Pre-Service Teacher Training

The pre-service taecher training system in Turkey has undergone quite important changes, since the foundation of Republic(1923), and has reached the current structure. As a result of these changes, today, all the teachers in schools at all levels of education are trained through degree programs at the higher education institutions. To become a pre-school, a primary school or a vocational and teachnical school teacher, a 4-year education at the undergraduate level is required. This task has mainly been given to Faculties of Education in the Universities. As a recent devolopment (1999), a Master’s degree in education is required to become a teacher at higher education.

Teacher training schools cover six main categories in Turkey. These are faculties of:Education , Arts and sciences , Technical training , Vocational training , Trade-tourism training , Industrial arts training .

Pre-Service Teacher-training programs consist of 50% special subject areas, 20 % general culture, and 30 % pedagogy.

Each student practice teaching at schools. After graduation, these students become apprentice-teachers for one or two years. They attend courses designed by the National Education Department of In-Service Training.

Legislation on In-Service Teacher Training in TURKEY

It is accepted in Turkey that in-service teacher training is just as important as pre-service training. Thus, arrangements have been made to construct the legal bases of the in-service teacher traning.

Teachers are obliged to attend in service teacher traning programs either at home or abroad by laws. In-service teacher training department of Ministry of Education has been responsible for these activities, since 1960.

NATIONAL IN-SERVICE TEACHER TRAINING CENTER

The Center's principal statutory objectives include: coordination of training schemes for specialists involved in the teacher training

system and for other people responsible for the system's functioning; identifying personnel needs and forecasts of the personnel situation in the

educational system; coordination of the teacher training-related activities within the national system, assessment of key national teacher training schemes; development and promotion of teacher training standards; support for and promotion of novel pedagogical methods; organization of cooperation and network structures in teacher training; cooperation with other national agencies of the Ministry of National Education in

personnel training; planning of actions aimed at professional development and advancement of

teachers; cooperation with national and international institutions and organizations dealing

with pre-service and in-service training of teachers.

In-service Teacher Training Activities During 2002-2006 Years

Activity Number Participant Number General Total

Year Central Local Central Local Activity Number Participant Number

2002 313 11772 22072 495 643 12085 517 715

2003 453 7120 19727 253 135 7573 272 862

2004 526 11422 34154 587 402 11948 621 556

2005 543 9050 33156 478 168 9593 511 324

2006 634 13460 44006 472 533 14094 516 539

The Most Demanded Topics in In-Service Teacher

Training Computer and internet applications, Total quality management, Communication and quality devolopment, Curriculum devolopment and evaluation, Foreign language teaching methods, Workshop and laboratory organization…

A M A S Y A

THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR PATIENCETHANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR PATIENCE

Documents

“National Education System and In-Service Teacher Training in TURKEY”