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Presentation by Natalya Panchenko at the Interational Conference on IWRM in Tokyo, December 2004.
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NATIONAL CASE STUDY: DEVELOPING AN IWRM PLAN
FOR KAZAKHSTAN
International Conference on IWRM
Tokyo, Japan8 December 2004
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
Central Asian Context Overview of Water
Management in Kazakhstan
IWRM Plan Development in Kazakhstan
Preliminary Lessons Learned & Conclusions
TOPOGRAPHY OF CENTRAL ASIA
INTERNATIONAL WATERS OF CENTRAL ASIA
CARElectricity Grid
Toktogul
Nurek
Amu Darya
Syr Darya
ARAL SEA BASIN WATER & ENERGY SYSTEM
ARAL SEA BASIN WATER NETWORK
SYR DARYA BASIN
AMU DARYA BASIN
PovodhashCanal
Karadarya R.AndijanRes.
SideInflow
AndijanUse
SideInflow
Naryn R.Toktogul
Res.
KurpsaiRes.
TashkamurRes.
ShamaldysaiRes.
UchkurganRes.
Side Inflow
Toktogul-Uchkurgan Use
AdjarUse
KayrakumUse
KayrakumRes.
CharvakRes.
Charvak R.
UgamInflow Side
Inflow
ChirchikUse
SideInflow
Kayrakum-Chardara Use
Arnasai
Kyzlkum Canal
SideInflow
Chardara-Aral Sea Use
Aral Sea
Vahsh R.
NurekRes.
Pyandj R.
Kafirnigan R.
Kashka R.
Surhan R.Upper Amu
Use
BukharaCanal
KarshiCanal
KarakumCanal
TuyamuyunRes.
RightCanal
Dashauz
LeftCanalDrinking
Canal
Petniak-Tash-Urgench
Klichbaj-Kipchak-Gumabaj
Soviet-Oktjabra-Pahta
KizketkenCanal
LeninaCanal
PumpingIntake
Kunduz R.
Kyrgyzstan
Kazakhstan
Tajikistan
Afghanistan
TurkmenistanUzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Small River or Side Inflow
Main River Inflow
Run-of-the-river Reservoir
Storage Reservoir
Hydropower Plant (HPP)
Diversion to User
User
KAZAKHSTAN GEOGRAPHICAL CONTEXT
Pop: 14.9 m Area: 2.7 m km2
Density: 5.5 per/km2
Fresh water: 539 km3
Average water flow: 100.5 km3
56% of water is formed in the country
44% comes from bordering countries
Agriculture – about 77% of total consumption
Industries – about 18%Drinking & municipal water needs –
only 5%
WATER MANAGEMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN
Committee for Water Resources under the MoA
8 River Basin Organizations
Administrative & technical capacity of RBOs is limited
Administrative gap in water quality management
Transboundary aspects of water management
HOWEVER: Water scarcity as a result
of ineffective management!
DEVELOPMENT OF IWRM PLAN FOR KAZAKHSTAN
In 2002, the Government committed to have a National IWRM by 2005
New Water Code (July 2003) lays the foundations for IWRM
Support of UNDP, GWP and the Government of Norway to such Government initiatives
As a result, first IWRM pilot in Central Asia
MAIN OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
A National IWRM and Water Efficiency Plan by the end of 2005 and, subsequently, IWRM plans for eight river basins in Kazakhstan by 2007
River Basin Councils established by the end of 2005
A Strategy for Achievement of MDGs for WSS by the end of 2006
Improving cooperation and development of partnerships at regional and country levels
CURRENT STATUS OF IWRM DEVELOPMENT
Assessment of water management practices in the country completed
Two workshops on IWRM in September with assistance from the GWP regional team for capacity building of CWR and RBOs staff
Working Group on IWRM operational and consists of representatives of key ministries/agencies and other stakeholders
FURTHER STEPS
May 2005 for a rough draft for budgeting purposes
October 2005 for the final National IWRM and Water Efficiency Plan
Several training events & workshops to improve understanding of IWRM and to build capacities of relevant institutions
Leading role of IWRM WG in preparation of the Plan as well as its implementation!
IWRM PLAN: BENEFITS KAZAKHSTAN EXPECTS TO
GAIN Address water quality issues
more effectively
Improve institutional base for dealing with transboudary river basins & other riparian states
Potentially “release” water from agriculture for higher valued uses
Increase agricultural production in the country
REMAINING KEY ISSUES
How to organize & encourage investments from the government
Water quality vs water quantity trade-offs
Sustainability beyond the Project
CONCLUSIONS Buy-in and ownership of this planning process is of
importance. Have the Government and Key Players/Stakeholders on board from the early stages!
IWRM Plan should be a product of the Government rather than of a consultant. Though technical advice is required
Legal issues need to be considered for the planning
Plan for capacity building trainings to increase capacity of the government authorities in preparing and implementing the Plan
THANK YOU!