NARCOTICS

“TRENDS AND ISSUES”

THE COST

• Drugs users in the United States spent over $100

Billion annually over the last decade

• Illicit drug use cost taxpayers more than $193 billion

in lost productivity, healthcare, and criminal justice

costs

• Comparatively Apple’s net income in 2017 was

$48.35 Billion

CANNABIS -

MARIJUANA

CULTIVATED SEIZURES

2016– 4575 lbs.

Street value

$10, 375,289.00

2017– 1910 lbs.

Street value

$4,353,852.00

Marijuana / Cannabis

MARIJUANA / CANNABIS

• Seized Marijuana coming

into Florida is usually

shipped from California,

Colorado, Washington

• Also comes from grow

houses in Florida

• Higher THC levels than in

the past

• An average 2 car garage, 20 ft X 18ft can hold approximately 100 plants, initial set up cost $2,000 to $4,000.

• 100 plants each producing $1,000.00 worth of cannabis = $100,000.00 year.

• And that is of course unreported tax free income.

MARIJUANA / CANNABIS

MARIJUANA / CANNABIS

C A N N A B I S G U M M I E S C A N N A B I S C O O K I E S

LEGAL MEDICAL

MARIJUANA

STATES OF LEGALIZATION

MEDICAL MARIJUANA • Florida Department of Health – Office of Medical

Marijuana Use (Formerly Office of Compassionate Use)

• http://www.floridahealth.gov/programs-and-services/office-of-medical-marijuana-use/index.html

• Treatment conditions such as cancer, epilepsy, glaucoma, AIDS, PTSD, MS, Parkinson’s, and Crohn’s disease

• Physicians may issue a Certification to a qualified patient and must enter the patient into the medical marijuana registry

• Physician can provide 3 treatment cycles

• Patient must be seen every 30 weeks before issuing another certification

MEDICAL MARIJUANA

• Licensed medical marijuana treatment centers are allowed to cultivate, process, and dispense medical marijuana

• Florida currently has licensed 13 Treatment centers

• The Department of Health is required to maintain a computer software tracking system traces marijuana from “seed to sale”

• Marijuana is still illegal according under United States Federal Law

ORLANDO DISPENSARIES

MEDICAL MARIJUANA

MEDICAL MARIJUANA VAPE PEN

MEDICAL MARIJUANA

CBD OIL

• Non-euphoric Cannabis Oil

• Better known in Florida as Charlotte’s

Web

• Approved in Florida in June 2014 prior to

approval of Medical Marijuana

• Used to treat epilepsy, anxiety, nerve

tremors, Lou Gehrig’s disease, cancer

BUTANE HONEY OIL

BHO

WHAT IS BUTANE HONEY OIL

• Known on the street as Shatter or DAB

• Can be made using discarded parts of Cannabis plants

• Incredibly high concentrations of THC between 60% and

80%, occasionally higher

• Basically considered Hash or Hash Oil

• Highly flammable and volatile as a result of the use of

large amounts of butane

“DAB” “SHATTER”

BHO REFRIGERATOR EXPLOSION

BUTANE HONEY OIL LAB EXPLOSION

SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS

In 1984, chemist Dr. John W. Huffman at Clemson University began developing cannabinoid compounds to aid in research of multiple sclerosis, AIDS, and chemotherapy.

In 1995 he developed JWH-18. It produced effects in animals similar to those of THC, a cannabinoid naturally present in Cannabis.

SYNTHETIC CANNABIS – HISTORY

SYNTHETIC CANNABIS – HISTORY

In 2004, without Huffman’s knowledge, “Spice” containing JWH-18 appeared in Europe and was marketed as a substitute for real Marijuana.

It is believed that the manufacturers of Spice read Huffman's research and copied it to create synthetic Marijuana.

It became widely popular because it allowed users to pass a drug test and avoid arrest.

In 2008, many European countries began banning Spice and other synthetic marijuana products.

In 2009, Spice, K2 and others gained popularity in Canada and the United States.

COCAINE

POWDER COCAINE

CRACK COCAINE

POWDER COCAINE

CRACK COCAINE

CRACK COCAINE

METHAMPHETAMINE

METHAMPHETAMINE

• Mostly produced outside the

United States in Mexico and

Central America

• More cost effective for users

to buy now than to make

• Crack down on purchase of

Pseudoephedrine makes it

more cost effective to buy

than to make

ONE POT / “SHAKE AND BAKE

METHAMPHETAMINE

“ONE POT” RECIPE

1. Ammonium Nitrate

2. 100% Lye

3. Coleman Camp Fuel

4. Lithium Strips – AA Lithium Batteries

5. 120 MG Pseudoephedrine

6. Xylene NP Solvent

7. Iodized Salt

8. Sulfuric Acid

9. Isopropyl Alcohol

10.Distilled Water

ONE POT LAB EXPLOSION

MOLLY/

ECSTASY

“MOLLY”

Molly is the powder or crystal form of MDMA

Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, a chemical drug most

commonly known for its use in the pressed pill Ecstasy.

• Molly -- a name shortened from "molecule." Also

called “Mandy”.

• It is thought of as "pure" MDMA.

• Molly can be made with “legal” chemicals given

the right scientific knowledge.

• Manufactured in Mexico and Asia.

• Much more complex to make than

Methamphetamine.

• Molly has the potential of being “cut” or mixed

with other harmful substances by someone else,

despite claims of it being pure.

• Some pills “advertised” by dealers as MDMA

actually contained bath salts, cocaine, and

fertilizer.

“MOLLY”

MOLLY -ECSTASY

BATH

SALTS

HEROIN &

FENTANYL

WHAT DOES HEROIN LOOK LIKE ?

Heroin Paraphernalia

Brown Tar

Heroin

Black Tar

Heroin

White Powder Heroin

HEROIN

Heroin comes from many places: China, Mexico, the mountains around the borders of Iran, Pakistan and Afghanistan

Grow best in dry, warm climates.

They are often grown in these areas by farmers with small plots of land.

The sap is collected by the farmer, then it's bought by a merchant or broker who takes the opium to a morphine refinery.

HEROIN

• Chronic users may develop

collapsed veins, infection of

the heart lining and valves,

abscesses, and liver

disease.

• Heroin abuse is associated

with a number of serious

health conditions, including

fatal overdose, spontaneous

abortion, and infectious

diseases like hepatitis and

HIV.

HEROIN

• 3 out of 4 Heroin users started with prescription Opiates

• Once thought to be a problem primarily affecting urban teens living in impoverished areas, heroin abuse now more commonly affects middle-class suburban white people in their early 20s

• Today, the average heroine user is 23 years old and tends to live in a suburban or rural area

• Nearly half of young people who inject heroin surveyed in three recent studies reported abusing prescription opioids before starting to use heroin.

• Some individuals reported taking up heroin because it is cheaper and easier to obtain than prescription opioids such a OxyContin, Percocet or Vicodin

HEROIN RELATED ITEMS

ORANGE COUNTY

NARCOTICS OVERDOSES / DEATHS

OVERDOSES ALL HEROIN

2016 - 529 272

2017 - 1017 ( 92% Increase) 711 (161% Increase)

2018 - 539 336

OVERDOSE DEATHS HEROIN DEATHS

2016 - 62 22

2017 - 69 (95% Increase) 43 (95% Increase)

2018 - 76 27

FENTANYL

Late 1950’s fentanyl

synthesized by Janssen

Pharmaceutical

• Introduced into medical

practice in 1963

– Mixed with anesthetics

– Mitigates post-operative

pain

HISTORY

• 1979 Clandestine

production of fentanyl

leads to first deaths in

US

– Southern California

– Users thought they were

taking heroin (China White)

HISTORY

• Fentanyl is an opioid drug—a chemically

synthesized relative of opiates such as

morphine and heroin, which are derived from

the opium poppy.

• Most potent opioid for use in medical

treatment

• Used to treat severe cases of pain in

terminally ill and cancer patients

• Administered for pain to patients with opiate

addiction or tolerance

FENTANYL

FENTANYL

• Effects of a standard 10 - milligram dose of

Morphine can be achieved with just 100

micrograms of Fentanyl

• Death is usually caused by respiratory

depression, you stop breathing

• When fentanyl is injected

– Effects can be felt in 30 seconds

– Effects may last for 30 – 90 minutes

(heroin is 4 hours)

• Fentanyl is metabolized in the liver

– After 72 hours, 85% of dose is eliminated

– Only 8% is excreted unchanged in the

urine

FENTANYL EFFECTS

• Lethal dose of

fentanyl is

roughly

2 mg

– 32 grains of

salt

– 7 poppy seeds

DANGERS OF FENTANYL

MOSCOW THEATER HOSTAGE CRISIS

OCTOBER 23, 2002

• A FORM OF FENTANYL GAS USED IN THEATER TO END HOSTAGE

CRISIS

• 50 CHECHEN TERROISTS AND 117 HOSTAGES DIED

• Physically can have

the appearance of

other narcotics

• Distributed in tablet,

capsule, powder, and patch

FENTANYL ON THE STREETS

OPIOD U-47700

OPIOD U-47700

“U 4”

• Created by Upjohn in 1970s. Was created to treat

severe pain associated with cancer, surgery, and

injury

• Reportedly had less addictive potential

• 7 to 8 times the potency of Morphine when tested on

animals

• Never tested on humans, relegated to research labs

• Sites operating on Dark Web began selling “U4” in

2015 and 2016. Produced in China smuggled

through Mexico and Canada

OPIOD U-47700 • When “U4” began showing up in overdose deaths and

on the street it was not illegal. Found on web and

recreated

• Emergency scheduled in Florida on September 27,

2016 by an emergency rule of Florida Attorney

General Pam Bondi

• Emergency scheduling by DEA November 14, 2016

• DEA received reports in 2016 of at least 46 confirmed

fatalities associated with U-47700 31 of those

fatalities occurred in New York and 10 in North

Carolina, and 5 in Florida

CARFENTANYL

• Carfentanil is a powerful derivative of fentany

• While fentanyl is about 100 times more powerful that morphine,

carfentanil is 100 times more potent than fentanyl, meaning it is

10,000 time more potent than morphine.

• This drug is not approved for use in humans in any capacity, and it is

typically found in veterinary medicine to sedate large animals, primarily

elephants. In fact, the drug is so powerful that when veterinarians

handle carfentanil, they use protective gear so they don’t breathe it in

or absorb it through their skin.

– Low blood pressure

– Pinpoint pupils

– Slow heartbeat

– Chest wall rigidity

• “Wooden chest”

• “Lead pipe rigidity”

SYMPTOMS OF EXPOSURE

• Severe drowsiness

• Sedated

• Unable to answer

questions

• Unconscious – can not be awakened

• Disoriented

• Cold, clammy skin

• Nausea

• Coughing

SYMPTOMS OF EXPOSURE

Fentanyl overdoses

are treated with

Naloxone (Narcan)

– Binds to all opiate

receptors (μ, κ, δ)

– Reverses effects of

narcotic overdoses

– Is safe to use

– No analgesic properties

– No potential for abuse

TREATMENT

• Lack of interest in normal activities that your child previously enjoyed (sports, music, etc).

• Hanging out with new “friends” that are not interested in talking to you when they come over.

• Suicidal thoughts, agitation, combative or violent behavior. • Confusion, hallucinations, psychosis. • Increased heart rate, hypertension, chest pain. • Immediate high fever, sweating, wanting to remove

clothing. • Finding smoking devices/paraphernalia – burned soda

cans, burned tin foil, pipes, tiny zip-lock baggies. • If you know or think your child has taken any synthetic

drug call 911 without delay.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF ABUSE

Sergeant Chris Moore

Criminal Investigations

Division/Narcotics

Clandestine Lab Response Team

Chris.Moore@ocfl.net

407-709-1572