NARCOTIC ANALGESICS

J E N N A W A S H U L E S K I

TARGET AUDIENCE

You may be suffering from an addiction, or maybe you are an occasional user. You could be a family member or friend of an addict, or

you could just be a curious individual. No matter who you are, you are welcome to

view this power point on Narcotic Analgesics, health related symptoms, withdrawal

symptoms, treatment, and more. Addiction is a serious issue.

Become aware of what Narcotic Analgesicsare and how they effect our bodies in

this 20 minute presentation. Enjoy!

WHAT ARE NARCOTIC ANALGESICS?

Prescribed by doctors to relieve pain Often underprescribed for the fear of narcotic abuse

Narcotic Origins from Greek word for “stupor” which is used to

reference to pain relievers Today, narcotic is refers to opium, opium derivatives,

and opium semi-synthetic substitutes. Opium comes from the Opium poppy plant

Analgesics Medicine for pain, pain reliever

"Narcotics." Drugs Fact Sheet. Drug Enforcement Administration, n.d. Web. 17 Apr. 2014.

DID YOU KNOW…“There are over 38,000 drug overdose deaths per year in the United States, 75 percent of which are opioid-related. ”“..the sale of prescribed drugs like oxycodone has increased by 300 percent over the past decade, paralleled by a 20 percent increase in abuse and a 124 percent increase in fatal overdoses.”

Dr. Anand Veeravagu, MD,Robert M. Lober, MD, PhD. "Heroin: American's Silence Assassin." The Daily Beast. Newsweek/Daily Beast, 03 Feb. 2014. Web. 19 Apr. 2014.

NARCOTIC ABUSEVary from Schedule I to Schedule V Schedule I narcotics (like heroin) have no medical use or

benefits in the US

Individuals get ahold of narcotics from Friends Family members Nursing homes Hospices Pharmacies Medicine cabinets Doctors

In the US narcotics are illegal to sell, buy, or use outside of medical research

Hanson, Glen R., Peter, Venturelli J., and Fleckenstein, Annette E. "Chapter 9: Narcotics (Opioids)." Drugs and Society. 11th ed. Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett, 2012. 285-321. Print..

TYPES OF NARCOTICS

Heroin Morphine Methadone Meperidine

Oxycodone (OxyContin)

Propoxyphene Codeine Loperamide

Diphenoxylate

Opium tincture

Buprenorphine

(Suboxone)

"Narcotics List." Narcotics. National Institute on Drug Abuse, n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2014.

STREET SLANG TERMS

Big H Black Tar Brown Sugar

Dover’s Powder

Hillbilly Heroin Horse Junk

Lean or Purple Drank

MPTP (New Heroin) Mud OC OX

Oxy Oxycotton Sippin Syrup Smack

"Narcotics Street Names." Narcotics. National Institute on Drug Abuse, n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2014.

FORMS OF NARCOTICS

Tablets Capsules Skin patches

Powder

Chunks in varying from

white to shades of brown and

black

Liquid form for injection or

oral use

Syrups Suppositories Lollipops

"Narcotics." Drugs Fact Sheet. Drug Enforcement Administration, n.d. Web. 17 Apr. 2014.

METHOD OF ADMINISTRATION

Swallowed Orally Smoked

Inhaled through nostrils

Injected

"Narcotics." Drugs Fact Sheet. Drug Enforcement Administration, n.d. Web. 17 Apr. 2014.

NARCOTIC/OPIOID NEGATIVE EFFECTS

Slowed physical

movement

Smaller pupils

Constipation

Decelerated

BreathingItchy Skin

Face and neck

become reddened

Nausea Vomiting Possible Overdose

“Effects depend heavily on the dose, how it’s taken, and previous exposure to the drug. dose is increased, both the pain relief and the harmful effects become more

pronounced. Some of these preparations are so potent that a single dose can be lethal to an inexperienced user.”

"Narcotics." Drugs Fact Sheet. Drug Enforcement Administration, n.d. Web. 17 Apr. 2014.

PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OPIOIDS

Click here to see how opioids affect our brain

Note: Although the movie is directed at heroin,

it applies to all narcotics as well.

HEROINOne of the most widely abused

drugs around the world. Naturally derives from the seed

pod of the opium poppy plant.

HEROIN FACTSAfghanistan supplies more than 90% of world’s heroin Also comes from South America, Southeast and Southwest Asia,

and Mexico

May be 95% pure when enters the US, but when sold it may be 3% to 70%

Pure heroin is white powder

Often cut with sugar, powdered milk, starch, other drugs, and quinine, which can be deadly

Many times users are unaware of the purity of their heroin or what their heroin is cut with

Black tar heroin varies from dark brown to black and is sticky like roofing tar

Heroin is often mixed with alcohol

Speedballing is heroin mixed with cocaine Hanson, Glen R., Peter, Venturelli J., and Fleckenstein, Annette E. "Chapter 9: Narcotics (Opioids)." Drugs and Society. 11th ed. Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett, 2012. 285-321. Print..

HEROIN FACTSThere has been an increase in supply of heroin in the United States. This has resulted in purer heroin (60%-70%), easer access/availability, and cheaper costs (About $10/bag).

“Heroin use has been rising since 2007, growing from 373,000 yearly users to 669,000 in 2012”

“Heroin overdose deaths have also spiked, increasing 45% from 2006 to 2010”

Heroin was originally a large problem in urban areas, but has now spread into suburban and rural areas as well.

Gray, Eliza. "Heroin Gains Popularity as Cheap Doses Flood the U.S." U.S. Drugs. Time, 4 Feb. 2014. Web. 19 Apr. 2014.

METHOD OF ADMINISTRATION

Injected

Inhaled through nostrils (Snorting)

Smoked

"DrugFacts: Heroin." National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). National Institute on Drug Abuse, Apr. 2013. Web. 16 Apr. 2014.

SYMPTOMS OF HEROINImmediate “Rush” feeling

Short TermDrowsiness HypothermiaReduced breathing and heartbeatSevere itchingDry mouthVomitingComa or death due to overdoseCraving to do more (If not, the user will experience withdrawal

symptoms)

“The intense high a user seeks only last a few

minutes.”

"The Destructive Effects Of Heroin." The Truth About Heroin. Foundation for a Drug Free World, 2006. Web. 18 Apr. 2014.

SYMPTOMS OF HEROIN (CONTINUED)

Long Term

• Bad teeth• Inflammation of the gums• Constipation• Cold sweats• Loss of appetite• Scabs, boils, or blemishes on the

face • Depression• Insomnia• Menstrual disturbance in women• Weakened immune system• Respiratory illness• Muscular weakness• Reduced sexual ability and long-

term impotence in men • Inability to achieve organism• Memory loss and loss of

intellectual performance• Social skills become timid • Coma or death due to overdose

Effects from using needles and dirty/shared needles

• Scarring of the veins• Collapsed veins• Abscessing of arteries• Ulcers• Tetanus• Clotting• Septicemia• Hepatitis • HIV• AIDS• Cellutitis• Necrotising Fasciitis

• Severe nausea, fever, dizziness, and dehydration

• Infection will be blistered, dark, and skin will begin to die

"The Destructive Effects Of Heroin." The Truth About Heroin. Foundation for a Drug Free World, 2006. Web. 18 Apr. 2014.

"Needle Dangers." Alcohol Rehab. Alcohol Rehab, 2008. Web. 19 Apr. 2014.

OVERDOSENot uncommon

Can lead to death

Pinpoint pupils

Cold clammy skin

Confusion

Convulsions

Extreme Drowsiness

Slowed breathing

"Heroin Facts." Heroin Facts. Drug Policy And Alliance, 2014. Web. 17 Apr. 2014.

NARCOTICS/OPIOIDS AND PREGNANCYMothers that abuse

narcotics/opioid painkillers/heroin while

pregnant can risk having their newborn develop dependence

on the drug as well• This means that their newborn will experience withdrawal symptoms after birth

Hanson, Glen R., Peter, Venturelli J., and Fleckenstein, Annette E. "Chapter 9: Narcotics (Opioids)." Drugs and Society. 11th ed. Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett, 2012. 285-321. Print..

DEPENDENCE Physical dependence is a consequence of chronic opioid use• Daily use over 2-week period

Withdrawal symptoms

occur if user abruptly stops

Hanson, Glen R., Peter, Venturelli J., and Fleckenstein, Annette E. "Chapter 9: Narcotics (Opioids)." Drugs and Society. 11th ed. Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett, 2012. 285-321. Print..

WITHDRAWALS OF NARCOTICS

Watery eyes Runny nose Yawning Sweating Fever

Chills Restlessness

Minor stomach/

abdominal cramps

Loss of appetite

Aching bones

Muscle spasms Irritability Vomiting Diarrhea

• Happens when drug use has stopped • Intensity of these symptoms varies on particular drug

use, how long the user has abused the drug for, total daily dose, interval between doses, and physical health and personality of the user. It does not take long (few hours) for withdrawal symptoms to occur

"Heroin Withdrawal Symptoms." Heroin Withdrawal Symptoms. Foundation for a Drug Free World, 2006. Web. 18 Apr. 2014.

TREATMENT FOR WITHDRAWALS

Detox programs

AODA Counseling

Medicine can be taken to block withdrawal symptoms

Buprenorphine-SuboxoneMethadone – Dolophine

"Treatment Options for Prescription Drug Addiction." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2014.

TREATMENT FOR NARCOTIC ANALGESICS ADDICTION

• Narcotics Anonymous• AODA Counseling • Counseling• Changes in physical environment or

behavioral motivators that caused the abuse in the first place Relapse is common if these prompts are

not changed

"Treatment Options for Prescription Drug Addiction." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2014.

IN THE APPROPRIATE BOX, WRITE DOWN THE PROS AND CONS BASED ON YOUR LOW RISK CHOICES TOWARDS CNS STIMULANTS. THEN WRITE DOWN

THE PROS AND CONS OF CONTINUED HIGH RISK CHOICES.

Low Risk Choices High Risk Choices

PROS

CONS

This activity will help you match the benefits of making good choices,

and the negatives of making bad choices.

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CONCLUSIONIf you or someone

you know has an addiction, take action today!