Nar Singh vs. State of Haryana - Victim of the Offence or the Accused Should Not Suffer for Laches or Omission of the Court

8/10/2019 Nar Singh vs. State of Haryana - Victim of the Offence or the Accused Should Not Suffer for Laches or Omission of the Court

1/28Page 1

REPORTABLE

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

CRIMINAL APPEAL NO.2388 OF 2014(Arising !" # S.L.P. (Cr$.% N .88&2 # 2013%

N'r Sing ).A**+$$'n"

,+rs!s

S"'"+ # H'r-'n' ).R+s* n +n"

J U D / M E N T

R. BANUMATHI, J .

L+' + gr'n"+ .

2. T is '**+'$ is ir+ "+ 'g'ins" " + ! g +n" '"+

30.08.2012 *'ss+ in Cr$. A**+'$ D 560 D7 2006 9- " + Hig

C !r" # P!n '9 'n H'r-'n' is issing " + '**+'$ #

' !s+ '**+$$'n" " +r+9- n#ir ing " + n i "i n # " +


2/28Page 2

'**+$$'n" !n +r S+ "i n 302: IPC 'n s+n"+n + # rig r !s

i *ris n +n" # r $i#+ 'n ' #in+ # Rs.20:000 ;i" +#'!$"

$'!s+ 'n n i "i n !n +r S+ "i n 2& (17% # " + Ar s A ":

15&5 'n s+n"+n + # rig r !s i *ris n +n" # r " r++ -+'rs

'n ' #in+ # Rs.10:000 ;i" +#'!$" $'!s+ 's i * s+ 9-

" + "ri'$ !r".

3. 7ri+#$- s"'"+ : 's+ # " + *r s+ !"i n is " '" n

6.03.200&: R' 9ir ;+n" " s$++* in " + s"r++" n ' " '" '9 !"

+n !* " +

in +s"ig'"i n 'n in?!+s" ;'s n ! "+ n " + 9 - # " +

+ +'s+ R' 9ir. Dr. J.@. 7 '$$' (P= 10% n ! "+ '!" *s-

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n " + 9 - # + +'s+ R' 9ir 'n ' !n"r- ' + 9!$$+" ;'s

s+i + #r " + i*i"'$ 'r+' # " + 9r'in # + +'s+ R' 9ir.

Dr. 7 '$$' *in+ " '" " + +'" ;'s !+ " in !r- " " + 9r'in

'n + iss!+ EB P 13 * s" r"+ +r"i#i '"+. Si"+ *$'n #

" + s +n+ # !rr+n + ;'s *r+*'r+ 'n '"+ri'$ 9 + "s

;+r+ s+i + . T + '**+$$'n" ' !s+ ;'s 'rr+s"+ n

14.03.200& 'n 9's+ n is n#+ssi n s"'"+ +n": ' *is" $

;'s r+ +r+ 9+ in ' ;'"+r "'n> in " + !s+ # " +

'**+$$'n" ' !s+ . T + 9!$$+" ( ' 9+r+ # r .31& .303

'$i9+r #ir+'r s% 'n !n"r- ' + *is" $ ( ' 9+r+ # r .

31& .303 'r"ri g+s% ;+r+ s+n" # r " + 7'$$is"i EB*+r"

*ini n. T + 7'$$is"i EB*+r" *in+ " '" " + !n"r- ' +

9!$$+" ( ' 9+r+ # r .31& .303 '$i9+r #ir+'r s% ' 9++n

#ir+ #r " + '9 + s'i !n"r- ' + *is" $ 'n n " #r

'n- " +r #ir+'r . On r+ +i*" # " + 7'$$is"i EB*+r" *ini n

'n n *$+"i n # " + in +s"ig'"i n: 'rg+ s ++" ;'s #i$+

'g'ins" " + '**+$$'n" !n +r S+ "i n 302 IPC: 'n S+ "i n

2&(17% # " + Ar s A ".

4. T 9ring + " + g!i$" # " + ' !s+ : " +

*r s+ !"i n 's +B' in+ P=s 1 " 14 'n +B i9i"+

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4/28Page 4

! +n"s 'n '"+ri'$ 9 + "s. U* n nsi +r'"i n # " +

+ i +n +: "ri'$ !r" n i "+ " + '**+$$'n" !n +r S+ "i n 302

IPC 'n S+ "i n 2&(17% # " + Ar s A " 'n s+n"+n + i "

!n +rg i *ris n +n" 's '# r+s'i . On '**+'$: " + Hig

C !r" '##ir + " + n i "i n # r 9 " " + ##+n +s 'n

i * s+ s+n"+n + # i *ris n +n" n " + '**+$$'n". 7+ing

'ggri+ + : " + '**+$$'n" 's *r+#+rr+ " is '**+'$ 9- s*+ i'$

$+' +.

&. 7+ing 9's+ n ir ! s"'n"i'$ + i +n +:

*r s+ !"i n r+$i+ n " + # $$ ;ing ir ! s"'n +s " +s"'9$is

" + g!i$" # " + ' !s+

(i% M "i + + i +n + # P= 8: " +r # " + + +'s+ : ; '

s* >+n '9 !" 'n in i +n" " '" ' '**+n+ 18 -+'rs 'g

; +n R' 9ir " + + +'s+ 'n H s i'r Sing #'" +r # " +

' !s+ ;+r+ 9ringing G boorada G #r i$$'g+ S'"n'$i in '

+ 'nis+ 'r" 'n " '" " + s'i 'r" +r"!rn+ n " + ;'-

'n H s i'r Sing i+ in " + ' i +n" !+ " ; i " +

'**+$$'n" 'n is #' i$- ' ' gr! g+ 'g'ins" R' 9ir: 's " +-

#+$" " '" R' 9ir ' >i$$+ is #'" +r. S + #!r" +r s"'"+ " '"

'9 !" # !r -+'rs 9' >: " + ' !s+ " r+'"+n+ R' 9ir " '" +

; !$ ' +ng+ " + !r +r # is #'" +r

(ii% E i +n + # P= 11 R'n9ir Sing : ; +* s+ " '" n

06.03.200& ; +n + ' + !" # is !s+ '" '9 !" 11.00

*. .: + s'; " + '**+$$'n" N'r Sing r!nning in " + s"r++".

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5/28Page 5

P= 11 '$s $'i s " ' + +'r " + s !n # #ir+ 'r s "

(iii% Dis $ s!r+ s"'"+ +n" # " + '**+$$'n" ; i $+ " " +

r+ +r- # !n"r- ' + *is" $ ( ' 9+r+ # r .31& 'n .

303 '$i9+r #ir+'r s% #r 9+ in " + ;'"+r "'n> #

'**+$$'n"Gs !s+

(i % EB i9i" P 13 'n + i +n + # P= 10: Dr. J.@. 7 '$$': ;

n ! "+ * s" r"+ n " + 9 - # " + + +'s+ R' 9ir

'n r+ +r- # ' 9!$$+" #r i*i"'$ 'r+' # " + 9r'in #

+ +'s+ R' 9ir 'n

( % O*ini n # " + 7'$$is"i EB*+r" (EB". P 12% " '" " + !n"r-

' + 9!$$+" ( ' 9+r+ # r .31& .303 '$i9+r #ir+'r s%' 9++n #ir+ #r " + !n"r- ' + *is" $ ( ' 9+r+ # r .

31& .303 'r"ri g+s% r+ +r+ in *!rs!'n + # " +

is $ s!r+ s"'"+ +n" # " + ' !s+ 'n n " #r 'n- " +r

#ir+'r .

Tri'$ !r" 's ;+$$ 's " + Hig C !r" +$ " '" " + '9 +

ir ! s"'n +s 'r+ *r + 9- " + *r s+ !"i n 'n " '" " +-

# r ' *$+"+ 'in +s"'9$is ing g!i$" # " + ' !s+

r+s!$"ing in n i "i n # " + '**+$$'n". = i$+ ing s : "ri'$

!r" r+$i+ !* n " + F r+nsi S i+n + L'9 r'" r- R+* r" (FSL%

(EB P 12% 's ' i"'$ *i+ + # + i +n + 'g'ins" " + '**+$$'n". T +Hig C !r" '$s r+$i+ !* n FSL r+* r" 's ' '"+ri'$ + i +n +

" s!s"'in " + n i "i n # " + '**+$$'n".

6. Mr. S!s i$ @! 'r J'in: $+'rn+ S+ni r C !ns+$ # r

5


6/28Page 6

" + '**+$$'n": n"+n + " '" n n+ # " + ir ! s"'n +s r+$i+

!* n 9- " + !r"s 9+$ ; ' 9++n +s"'9$is + 9+- n

r+'s n'9$+ !9" 'n " s+ ir ! s"'n +s: +i" +r

! !$'"i +$- r in i i !'$$-: ;+r+ ins!##i i+n" " +s"'9$is " +

g!i$" # " + ' !s+ . L+'rn+ S+ni r C !ns+$ 'in$-

n"+n + " '" " + n$- in ri in'"ing ir ! s"'n"i'$ + i +n +

'g'ins" " + '**+$$'n" ;'s EB P 12 FSL r+* r" 'n " + s' +

;'s n " *!" " " + '**+$$'n" ; i$+ + ;'s 9+ing ?!+s"i n+

!n +r S+ "i n 313 # " + Cri in'$ Pr + !r+ C +. I" ;'s

s!9 i""+ " '" S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. '>+s i" 'n '" r- " *!"

'$$ " + in ri in'"ing + i +n + 'n ir ! s"'n +s " " +

' !s+ 'n EB P 12 FSL r+* r": ; i is " + 9'sis # r

n i "i n # " + '**+$$'n": 's n " 9++n *!" " " + ' !s+

'n n n ?!+s"i ning # " + ' !s+ 's " " + i"'$ *i+ + #

+ i +n + is #'"'$ " " + *r s+ !"i n 's+ 'n i"i'"+s " +

n i "i n. R+$i'n + ;'s *$' + !* n State of Punjab . Hari

Singh & Ors., (2005% 4 SCC 200.


7/28Page 7

" + *r s+ !"i n 'n $+'rn+ !r"s 9+$ ; r+ r + n !rr+n"

#in ings 's " " + g!i$" # " + ' !s+ . L+'rn+ !ns+$

n"+n + " '" n n ?!+s"i ning # ' !s+ 's " EB P 12 FSL

r+* r" 'n +B*+r" *ini n !ring ?!+s"i ning !n +r S+ "i n

313 Cr.P.C. 9- i"s+$# ;i$$ n " i"i'"+ " + "ri'$ 'n " + ' !s+

's " +s"'9$is " + *r+ ! i + '!s+ " i . I" ;'s

s!9 i""+ " '" issi n " *!" " + FSL r+* r" 'n +B*+r"

*ini n " " + '**+$$'n" !n +r S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. 'n " '"

*r+ ! i + 9+ing '!s+ " " + '**+$$'n" ;'s n+i" +r r'is+ in

" + "ri'$ !r" n r 9+# r+ " + Hig C !r" 'n i" is n " *+n "

" + '**+$$'n" " r'is+ s! ' *$+' in " is C !r" # r " + #irs"

"i +.

8. As 'in " r!s" # 'rg! +n" # " + '**+$$'n" is n

" + ?!+s"i n # n n *$i'n + # S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C.: ;+

n " *r * s+ " nsi +r " + '**+'$ n +ri"s: +B +*" n " +

i * r"'n" ?!+s"i n i . ; +" +r n n *$i'n + # " +

'n '" r- *r isi ns # S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. i"i'"+s " + "ri'$

'n n i "i n # " + '**+$$'n".

5. T + * ;+r " +B' in+ " + ' !s+ is *r i + in

S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. ; i r+' s 's !n +r

7


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313. Power to examine the accuse . !"# In + +r- in?!ir-r "ri'$: # r " + *!r* s+ # +n'9$ing " + ' !s+ *+rs n'$$-" +B*$'in 'n- ir ! s"'n +s '**+'ring in " + + i +n +'g'ins" i : " + C !r"

('% '- '" 'n- s"'g+: ;i" !" *r+ i !s$- ;'rning " +

' !s+ *!" s! ?!+s"i ns " i 's " + C !r"nsi +rs n+ +ss'r-

(9% s '$$: '#"+r " + ;i"n+ss+s # r " + *r s+ !"i n' + 9++n +B' in+ 'n 9+# r+ + is '$$+ n # ris +#+n +: ?!+s"i n i g+n+r'$$- n " + 's+

Pr i + " '" in ' s! ns 's+: ; +r+ " + C !r" 'sis*+ns+ ;i" " + *+rs n'$ '""+n 'n + # " + ' !s+ : i"'- '$s is*+ns+ ;i" is +B' in'"i n !n +r $'!s+ (9%.

!$#. N '" s '$$ 9+ ' inis"+r+ " " + ' !s+ ; +n + is+B' in+ !n +r s!9 s+ "i n (1%.

!%#. T + ' !s+ s '$$ n " r+n +r i s+$# $i'9$+ "*!nis +n" 9- r+#!sing " 'ns;+r s! ?!+s"i ns: r 9-gi ing #'$s+ 'ns;+rs " " + .

!. T + 'ns;+rs gi +n 9- " + ' !s+ '- 9+ "'>+n in"nsi +r'"i n in s! in?!ir- r "ri'$: 'n *!" in + i +n + # rr 'g'ins" i in 'n- " +r in?!ir- in" : r "ri'$ # r: 'n-" +r ##+n + ; i s! 'ns;+rs '- "+n " s ; + 's

i""+ .!'# . T + C !r" '- "'>+ +$* # Pr s+ !" r 'n D+#+n +C !ns+$ in *r+*'ring r+$+ 'n" ?!+s"i ns ; i 'r+ " 9+ *!" "" + ' !s+ 'n " + C !r" '- *+r i" #i$ing # ;ri""+ns"'"+ +n" 9- " + ' !s+ 's s!##i i+n" *$i'n + # " iss+ "i n.

10. T +r+ 'r+ "; >in s # +B' in'"i n !n +r S+ "i n

313 Cr.P.C. T + #irs" !n +r S+ "i n 313 (1% ('% Cr.P.C. r+$'"+s

" 'n- s"'g+ # " + in?!ir- r "ri'$ ; i$+ " + s+ n !n +r

S+ "i n 313 (1% (9% Cr.P.C. "'>+s *$' + '#"+r " + *r s+ !"i n

;i"n+ss+s 'r+ +B' in+ 'n 9+# r+ " + ' !s+ is '$$+ !* n

" +n"+r !* n is +#+n +. T + # r +r is *'r"i !$'r 'n

8


9/28Page 9

*"i n'$ 9!" " + $'""+r is g+n+r'$ 'n 'n '" r-. In Usha K.

Pillai . Raj K. Srinivas & Ors. : (1553% 3 SCC 208: " is C !r"

+$ " '" " + C !r" is + * ;+r+ 9- S+ "i n 313 (1% $'!s+ ('%

" ?!+s"i n " + ' !s+ '" 'n- s"'g+ # " + in?!ir- r "ri'$

; i$+ S+ "i n 313(1% $'!s+ (9% 9$ig'"+s " + C !r" " ?!+s"i n

" + ' !s+ 9+# r+ + +n"+rs is +#+n + n 'n- ir ! s"'n +

'**+'ring in *r s+ !"i n + i +n + 'g'ins" i .

11. T + 9 + " # S+ "i n 313 (1%(9% Cr.P.C. is " 9ring

" + s!9s"'n + # ' !s'"i n " " + ' !s+ " +n'9$+ " +

' !s+ " +B*$'in +' 'n + +r- ir ! s"'n + '**+'ring in

" + + i +n + 'g'ins" i . T + *r isi ns # " is s+ "i n 'r+

'n '" r- 'n 's" ' !"- n " + !r" " '## r 'n

** r"!ni"- " " + ' !s+ " +B*$'in +' 'n + +r-

ir ! s"'n + 'n in ri in'"ing + i +n + 'g'ins" i . T +

+B' in'"i n # ' !s+ !n +r S+ "i n 313 (1%(9% Cr.P.C. is n "

' +r+ # r '$i"-. S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. *r+s ri9+s ' *r + !r'$

s'#+g!'r # r 'n ' !s+ : gi ing i 'n ** r"!ni"- " +B*$'in

" + #' "s 'n ir ! s"'n +s '**+'ring 'g'ins" i in " +

+ i +n + 'n " is ** r"!ni"- is '$!'9$+ #r " + s"'n * in"

# " + ' !s+ . T + r+'$ i * r"'n + # S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C.

9


10/28Page 10

$i+s in " '": i" i * s+s ' !"- n " + C !r" " ?!+s"i n " +

' !s+ *r *+r$- 'n #'ir$- s 's " 9ring + " i " +

+B' " 's+ + ;i$$ ' + " ++" 'n " +r+9-: 'n ** r"!ni"-

is gi +n " i " +B*$'in 'n- s! * in".

12. E$'9 r'"ing !* n " + i * r"'n + # ' s"'"+ +n"

!n +r S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C.: in Paramjeet Singh alias Pamma

v. State of Uttarakhand, (2010% 10 SCC 435 (*'r' 22%: " is

C !r" 's +$ 's !n +r

S+ "i n 313 CrPC is 9's+ n " + #!n ' +n"'$ *rin i*$+ ##'irn+ss. T + '""+n"i n # " + ' !s+ !s" s*+ i#i '$$- 9+9r !g " " in !$*'" r- *i+ +s # + i +n + " gi + i 'n** r"!ni"- " ##+r 'n +B*$'n'"i n i# + s+s " s .

T +r+# r+: " + !r" is !n +r ' $+g'$ 9$ig'"i n " *!" " +in ri in'"ing ir ! s"'n +s 9+# r+ " + ' !s+ 'n s $i i"is r+s* ns+. T is *r isi n is 'n '" r- in n'"!r+ 'n

's"s 'n i *+r'"i + !"- n " + !r" 'n n#+rs 'rr+s* n ing rig " n " + ' !s+ " ' + 'n ** r"!ni"-" ##+r 'n +B*$'n'"i n # r s! in ri in'" r- '"+ri'$'**+'ring 'g'ins" i . Cir ! s"'n +s ; i ;+r+ n " *!" "" + ' !s+ in is +B' in'"i n !n +r S+ "i n 313 CrPC'nn " 9+ !s+ 'g'ins" i 'n ' + " 9+ +B $! + #rnsi +r'"i n. ( i + Sharad Birdi hand Sarda . State of

!aharashtra"#$% ' S(( ##) and State of !aharashtra v.Sukhdev Singh "#$$*' + S(( --.

13. In Basava R. Patil & Ors. v. State of Karnataka &

Ors., "*---' % S(( -, " is C !r" nsi +r+ " + s *+ #

S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. 'n in *'r's (18% " (20% +$ 's !n +r

#% . = '" is " + 9 + " # +B' in'"i n # 'n ' !s+!n +r S+ "i n 313 # " + C + T + s+ "i n i"s+$# + $'r+s " +

10


11/28Page 11

9 + " in +B*$i i" $'ng!'g+ " '" i" is # r " + *!r* s+ #+n'9$ing " + ' !s+ *+rs n'$$- " +B*$'in 'n- ir ! s"'n +s'**+'ring in " + + i +n + 'g'ins" i . In /ai 0ev . State ofPunjab " AIR 1563 SC 612 ' /' +n r'g' >'r: J. ('s + " +n ;'s%s*+'>ing # r ' " r++ J! g+ 7+n 's # !ss+ n " +!$"i '"+ "+s" in +"+r ining ; +" +r " + *r isi n 's 9++n#'ir$- *$i+ ;i" . H+ 9s+r + " !s

T + !$"i '"+ "+s" in +"+r ining ; +" +r r n "" + ' !s+ 's 9++n #'ir$- +B' in+ !n +rS+ "i n 342 ; !$ 9+ " +n?!ir+ ; +" +r: ' ingr+g'r " '$$ " + ?!+s"i ns *!" " i : + i g+"'n ** r"!ni"- " s'- ; '" + ;'n"+ " s'- inr+s*+ " # *r s+ !"i n 's+ 'g'ins" i . I# i"'**+'rs " '" " + +B' in'"i n # " + ' !s+*+rs n ;'s +#+ "i + 'n " +r+9- ' *r+ ! i +

's 9++n '!s+ " i : " '" ; !$ n !9" 9+' s+ri !s in#ir i"-.

#$ . T !s i" is ;+$$ s+""$+ " '" " + *r isi n is 'in$-in"+n + " 9+n+#i" " + ' !s+ 'n 's i"s r $$'r- " 9+n+#i"" + !r" in r+' ing " + #in'$ n $!si n.

*- . A" " + s' + "i + i" s !$ 9+ 9 rn+ in in " '" " +*r isi n is n " in"+n + " n'i$ i " 'n- * si"i n: 9!" "

*$- ;i" " + s" s'$!"'r- *rin i*$+ # n'"!r'$ !s"i ++ns rin+ in " + 'Bi audi alteram 1artem . T + ; r '-in $'!s+ ( a % # s!9 s+ "i n (1% in S+ "i n 313 # " + C +in i '"+s: ;i" !" 'n- !9": " '" + +n i# " + !r" +s n "*!" 'n- ?!+s"i n !n +r " '" $'!s+ " + ' !s+ 'nn " r'is+'n- gri+ 'n + # r i". 7!" i# " + !r" #'i$s " *!" " + n++ +?!+s"i n !n +r $'!s+ ( b % # " + s!9 s+ "i n i" ; !$ r+s!$" in' 'n i '* " " + ' !s+ 'n + 'n $+gi"i '"+$- $'i " '"n + i +n +: ;i" !" '## r ing i " + ** r"!ni"- " +B*$'in:'n 9+ !s+ 'g'ins" i . I" is n ; ;+$$ s+""$+ " '" 'ir ! s"'n + '9 !" ; i " + ' !s+ ;'s n " 's>+ "

+B*$'in 'nn " 9+ !s+ 'g'ins" i .

14. M'in n"+n"i n # " + '**+$$'n" is " '" sin + " +

'"+ri'$ + i +n + EB P12 'n 7'$$is"i EB*+r" *ini n ;'s n "

*!" " i in is s"'"+ +n" !n +r S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C.: i" !s"

11


12/28Page 12

9+ *$+"+$- +B $! + #r nsi +r'"i n 'n 9'rring " +

s' +: " +r+ is n " +r + i +n + " s!s"'in " + n i "i n 'n

r+$i'n + ;'s *$' + !* n 2vtar Singh & Ors. v. State of

Punjab, (2002% < SCC 415.

1&. In 2vtar Singh3s 's+: ; +n " + ' !s+ ;+r+

+B' in+ !n +r S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C.: " + +ss+n + #

' !s'"i n: *'r"i !$'r$- " + * ss+ssi n # g s ;'s n "

9r !g " " " +ir n "i +. I" ;'s '$s n "i + " '" " + * ssi9i$i"-

# " + ' !s+ *+rs ns 9+ing $'9 !r+rs # " + "r! > ;'s n "

r!$+ !" 9- + i +n +. 2vtar Singh3s 's+ ;'s r+n +r+ n

nsi +r'"i n # s+ +r'$ *+ !$i'r #' "!'$ 's*+ "s # " '" 's+

'n i" +s n " $'- ;n " + $'; # !ni +rs'$ '**$i '"i n 's i"

' 9++n + i + n i"s ;n #' "s.

16. Un !9"+ $-: " + i * r"'n + # ' s"'"+ +n" !n +r

S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C.: ins #'r 's " + ' !s+ is n +rn+ : 'n

'r $- 9+ ini is+ . T + s"'"!" r- *r isi n is 9's+ n " +

r!$+s # n'"!r'$ !s"i + # r 'n ' !s+ : ; !s" 9+ ' +

';'r+ # " + ir ! s"'n +s 9+ing *!" 'g'ins" i s " '" +

'n gi + ' *r *+r +B*$'n'"i n " ++" " '" 's+. I# 'n 9 + "i n

's " S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. s"'"+ +n" is "'>+n '" " + +'r$i+s"

12


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s"'g+: " + C !r" 'n '>+ g " + +#+ " 'n r+ r

' i"i n'$ s"'"+ +n" # " + ' !s+ 's " '" ; !$ 9+ in " +

in"+r+s" # '$$. = +n 9 + "i ns 's " +#+ "i + S+ "i n 313

Cr.P.C. s"'"+ +n" is r'is+ in " + '**+$$'"+ !r": " +n

i##i !$"- 'ris+s # r " + *r s+ !"i n 's ;+$$ 's " + ' !s+ .

= +n " + "ri'$ !r" is r+?!ir+ " ' " in ' r 'n + ;i" " +

'n '" r- *r isi ns # S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C.: #'i$!r+ n " +

*'r" # " + "ri'$ !r" " *$- ;i" " + 'n '"+ # " + $';:

in !r i+;: 'nn " '!" '"i '$$- +n!r+ " " + 9+n+#i" # " +

' !s+ . An- issi n n " + *'r" # " + C !r" " ?!+s"i n

" + ' !s+ n 'n- in ri in'"ing ir ! s"'n + ; !$ n " i1so

fa to i"i'"+ " + "ri'$: !n$+ss s + '"+ri'$ *r+ ! i + is s ;n

" ' + 9++n '!s+ " " + ' !s+ . Ins #'r 's n n

*$i'n + # 'n '" r- *r isi ns # S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C.: i"

is 'n +rr r +ss+n"i'$$- i""+ 9- " + $+'rn+ S+ssi ns

J! g+. Sin + !s"i + s!##+rs in " + 'n s # " + C !r": " +

s' + 's " 9+ rr+ "+ r r+ "i#i+ in " + '**+'$.

1


14/28Page 14

** r"!ni"- " ##+r 'n +B*$'n'"i n: i# + s+s " s . A

" r++ J! g+ 7+n # " is C !r" in 4asim Khan . 5he State

of Uttar Prade s : AIR 15&6 SC 400 'n Bhoor Singh & 2nr. .

State of Punjab : AIR 15


15/28Page 15

Uttarakhand (s!*r'%: " is C !r" 's +$ 's !n +r

T !s: i" is + i +n" #r " + '9 + " '" " + *r isi ns #S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. '>+ i" 9$ig'" r- # r " + !r" "?!+s"i n " + ' !s+ n " + + i +n + 'n ir ! s"'n +s'g'ins" i s 's " ##+r " + ' !s+ 'n ** r"!ni"- "+B*$'in " + s' +. 7!": i" ; !$ n " 9+ +n !g # r " +' !s+ " s ; " '" + 's n " 9++n ?!+s"i n+ r+B' in+ n ' *'r"i !$'r ir ! s"'n +: ins"+' : + !s"s ; " '" s! n n +B' in'"i n 's ' "!'$$- 'n '"+ri'$$-*r+ ! i + i 'n 's r+s!$"+ in " + #'i$!r+ # !s"i +. In" +r ; r s: in " + + +n" # 'n- in' +r"+n" issi n n " +*'r" # " + !r" " ?!+s"i n " + ' !s+ n 'n in ri in'"ingir ! s"'n + 'nn " i*s #' " i"i'"+ " + "ri'$ !n$+ss i" iss ;n " '" s + '"+ri'$ *r+ ! i + ;'s '!s+ " " +' !s+ 9- " + issi n # " + !r".

20. T + ?!+s"i n ; +" +r ' "ri'$ is i"i'"+ r n "

+*+n s !* n " + +gr++ # " + +rr r 'n " + ' !s+ !s"

s ; " '" n n *$i'n + # S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. 's

'"+ri'$$- *r+ ! i + i r is $i>+$- " '!s+ *r+ ! i + "

i . M+r+$- 9+ '!s+ # +#+ "i + ?!+s"i ning !n +r S+ "i n

313 Cr.P.C.: i" 'nn " 9+ in#+rr+ " '" 'n- *r+ ! i + ' 9++n

'!s+ " " + ' !s+ : + +n 'ss! ing " '" s +

in ri in'"ing ir ! s"'n +s in " + *r s+ !"i n 's+ ' 9++n

$+#" !". = +n *r+ ! i + " " + ' !s+ is '$$+g+ : i" 's " 9+

s ;n " '" ' !s+ 's s!##+r+ s + is'9i$i"- r +"ri +n"

in r+$'"i n " " + s'#+g!'r gi +n " i !n +r S+ "i n 313

Cr.P.C. S! *r+ ! i + s !$ '$s + ns"r'"+ " '" i" 's

15


16/28Page 16

'si n+ #'i$!r+ # !s"i + " " + ' !s+ . T + 9!r +n is

!* n " + ' !s+ " *r + " '" *r+ ! i + 's 9++n '!s+ "

i r in " + #' "s 'n ir ! s"'n +s # " + 's+: s!

*r+ ! i + '- 9+ i *$i i" 'n " + C !r" '- r'; 'n

in#+r+n + # s! *r+ ! i +. F' "s # +' 's+ ' + " 9+

+B' in+ " +"+r in+ ; +" +r ' "!'$$- 'n- *r+ ! i + 's

9++n '!s+ " " + '**+$$'n" !+ " issi n # s +

in ri in'"ing ir ! s"'n +s 9+ing *!" " " + ' !s+ .

21. =+ '- r+#+r " #+; ! g +n"s # " is C !r" ; +r+

" is C !r" 's +$ " '" issi n " *!" " + ?!+s"i n !n +r

S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. 's '!s+ *r+ ! i + " " + ' !s+

i"i'"ing " + n i "i n. In State of Punjab v Hari Singh & Ors .

(2005% 4 SCC 200: ?!+s"i n r+g'r ing ns i !s * ss+ssi n #

n'r "i s ;'s n " *!" " " + ' !s+ ; +n + ;'s +B' in+

!n +r S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. Fin ing " '" ?!+s"i n r+$'"ing "

ns i !s * ss+ssi n # n"r'9'n ;'s n " *!" " " +

' !s+ : " is C !r" +$ " '" " + +##+ " # s! issi n

i"'$$- '##+ "+ " + *r s+ !"i n 's+ 'n " is C !r" '##ir +

" + ' ?!i""'$. In Kuldi1 Singh & Ors. v State of 0elhi

(2003% 12 SCC &28: " is C !r" +$ " '" ; +n i * r"'n"

16


17/28Page 17

in ri in'"ing ir ! s"'n + ;'s n " *!" " " + ' !s+ !ring

is +B' in'"i n !n +r S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C.: *r s+ !"i n

'nn " *$' + r+$i'n + n " + s'i *i+ + # + i +n +.

22. =+ '- '$s r+#+r " " +r s+" # + isi ns ; +r+ in

" + #' "s 'n ir ! s"'n +s # " + 's+: " is C !r" +$ " '"

n *r+ ! i + r is 'rri'g+ # !s"i + 's 9++n 'si n+ "

" + ' !s+ . In Santosh Kumar Singh v State thr. (B6 (s!*r'%:

i" ;'s +$ " '" n " + r+ iss!+s *+r"'ining " " + +$ +"

'n " + $ig'"!r+ 'r>s n " + n+ > ; i ;+r+ *!" " " +

" r: " + +#+n + !ns+$ ' r'is+ *r+ +nsi +

'rg! +n"s 9+# r+ " + "ri'$ !r" 'n '$s 9+# r+ " + Hig

C !r" 'n " + +#+n + ;'s: " +r+# r+: '$i + " " +

ir ! s"'n +s 'g'ins" " + '**+$$'n" 'n " '" n *r+ ! i + r

is 'rri'g+ # !s"i + ' 9++n 'si n+ . In 2lister 2nthon7

Pareira v. State of !aharashtra (2012% 2 SCC 648: in " + #' "s

'n ir ! s"'n +s: i" ;'s +$ " '" 9- n " *!""ing " " +

'**+$$'n" +B*r+ss$- " + + i '$ 'n'$-s+rKs r+* r" 'n " +

+ i +n + # " + " r: n *r+ ! i + 'n 9+ s'i " ' + 9++n

'!s+ " " + '**+$$'n" 'n + ' #!$$ ** r"!ni"- " s'-

; '" + ;'n"+ " s'- ;i" r+g'r " " + *r s+ !"i n + i +n +

17


18/28Page 18

'n " '" " + Hig C !r" rig "$- r+ + "+ " + n"+n"i n # " +

'**+$$'n" ' !s+ in " '" r+g'r .

23. = +n s! 9 + "i n 's " issi n " *!" " +

?!+s"i n !n +r S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. is r'is+ 9- " + ' !s+ in

" + '**+$$'"+ !r" 'n *r+ ! i + is '$s s ;n " ' + 9++n

'!s+ " " + ' !s+ : " +n ; '" 'r+ " + !rs+s ' 'i$'9$+ "

" + '**+$$'"+ !r" T + '**+$$'"+ !r" '- +B' in+ " +

n i " r '$$ !* n " + !ns+$ # r " + ' !s+ " s ; ; '"

+B*$'n'"i n " + ' !s+ 's 's r+g'r s " + ir ! s"'n +s

+s"'9$is + 'g'ins" i 9!" n " *!" " i !n +r S+ "i n

313 Cr.P.C. 'n " + s'i 'ns;+r 'n 9+ "'>+n in"

nsi +r'"i n.

24. In Shivaji Sahabrao Bobade & 2nr. s. State of

!aharashtra (15


19/28Page 19

*ris n+rGs '""+n"i n s !$ 9+ r';n " + +r- in !$*'" r-'"+ri'$ s 's " +n'9$+ i " +B*$'in i". T is is " + 9'si#'irn+ss # ' ri in'$ "ri'$ 'n #'i$!r+s in " is 'r+' '-gr' +$- i *+ri$ " + '$i i"- # " + "ri'$ i"s+$#: i# ns+?!+n"i'$is 'rri'g+ # !s"i + 's #$ ;+ . H ;+ +r: ; +r+ s! 'nissi n 's !rr+ i" +s n " i1so fa to i"i'"+ " +

*r ++ ings 'n *r+ ! i + 'si n+ 9- s! +#+ " !s"9+ +s"'9$is + 9- " + ' !s+ . In " + + +n" # + i +n"i'r-'"+ri'$ n " 9+ing *!" " " + ' !s+ : " + C !r" !s"r in'ri$- +s +; s! '"+ri'$ #r nsi +r'"i n. I" is'$s *+n " " + '**+$$'"+ C !r" " '$$ !* n " + !ns+$ # r" + ' !s+ " s ; ; '" +B*$'n'"i n " + ' !s+ 's 'sr+g'r s " + ir ! s"'n +s +s"'9$is + 'g'ins" i 9!" n "*!" " i 'n i# " + ' !s+ is !n'9$+ " ##+r " + '**+$$'"+C !r" 'n- *$'!si9$+ r r+'s n'9$+ +B*$'n'"i n # s!ir ! s"'n +s: " + C !r" '- 'ss! + " '" n ' +*"'9$+

'ns;+r +Bis"s 'n " '" + +n i# " + ' !s+ ' 9++n?!+s"i n+ '" " + *r *+r "i + in " + "ri'$ C !r" + ; !$ n "' + 9++n '9$+ " #!rnis 'n- g gr !n " g+" !" # " +ir ! s"'n +s n ; i " + "ri'$ C !r" ' r+$i+ # r i"sn i "i n. In s! ' 's+: " + C !r" *r ++ s n " +

# "ing " '" " !g ' gr' + irr+g!$'ri"- 's !rr+ 'sr+g'r s *$i'n + ;i" S+ "i n 342: Cr.P.C.: " + issi n's n " 9++n s ;n " ' + '!s+ *r+ ! i + " " +

' !s+ .... (!n +r$ining ' + %

2&. T + s' + i+; ;'s r+i"+r'"+ 9- " is C !r" in

State "0elhi 2dministration % s. 0haram1al : (2001% 10 SCC 3+ g " '" $'*s+ 9-'$$ing !* n " + !ns+$ # r " + ' !s+ " s ; ; '"+B*$'n'"i n " + ' !s+ 's 's r+g'r s " + ir ! s"'n +s+s"'9$is + 'g'ins" " + ' !s+ 9!" n " *!" " i .

T is 9+ing " + $';: in !r i+;: 9 " " + S+ssi ns J! g+ 'n " + Hig C !r" ;+r+ ;r ng in n $! ing " '" " +

19


20/28


21/28Page 21

Cr.P.C. S+ "i n 386 Cr.P.C. +'$s ;i" * ;+r # " + '**+$$'"+

!r". As *+r s!9 $'!s+ (9% (i% # S+ "i n 386 Cr.P.C.: " +

'**+$$'"+ !r" is ' ing * ;+r " r +r r+"ri'$ # " + 's+ 9- '

!r" # *+"+n" !ris i "i n s!9 r in'"+ " s! '**+$$'"+

!r". H+n +: i# '$$ " + r+$+ 'n" ?!+s"i ns ;+r+ n " *!" "

' !s+ 9- " + "ri'$ !r" 'n ; +n " + ' !s+ 's s ;n

" '" *r+ ! i + ;'s '!s+ " i : " + '**+$$'"+ !r" is

' ing * ;+r " r+ 'n " + 's+ " +B' in+ " + ' !s+

'g'in !n +r S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. 'n '- ir+ " r+ 'n ing

" + 's+ 'g'in # r r+ "ri'$ # " + 's+ #r " '" s"'g+ #

r+ r ing # s"'"+ +n" !n +r S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. 'n " +

s' + 'nn " 9+ s'i " 9+ ' !n"ing " #i$$ing !* $' !n' in

" + *r s+ !"i n 's+.

28. In 2sraf 2li s. State of 2ssam (2008% 16 SCC 328:

" is C !r" 's +B' in+ " + s *+ 'n 9 + " # +B' in'"i n

# ' !s+ !n +r S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. 'n in *'r' (24% i" ;'s

9s+r + " '" in +r"'in 's+s ; +n " +r+ is *+r#!n " r-

+B' in'"i n !n +r S+ "i n 313 # " + C +: " + '""+r !$

9+ r+ i""+ " " + "ri'$ !r" ;i" ' ir+ "i n " r+"r- #r " +

s"'g+ '" ; i " + *r s+ !"i n ;'s $ s+ .

21


22/28Page 22

25. In 8aneshmal /ashraj s. 8overnment of 8ujarat &

2nr. : (1580% 1 SCC 363: '#"+r $ s!r+ # + i +n + # " +

*r s+ !"i n 'n +B' in'"i n # ' !s+ !n +r S+ "i n 313

Cr.P.C. ;'s *$+"+ : " + ' !s+ ' i""+ is g!i$"

*r+s! '9$- 's ' r+s!$" # *$+' 9'rg'ining 'n " + ' !s+

;'s n i "+ . P in"ing !" " '" " + '**r ' # " + "ri'$

!r" ;'s in#$!+n + 9- " + ' issi n # g!i$" ' + 9- " +

' !s+ 'n " '" n i "i n # " + ' !s+ 'nn " 9+

s!s"'in+ : " is C !r" 's r+ 'n + 's+ " "ri'$ !r" "

*r ++ '#r+s #r " + s"'g+ # +B' in'"i n !n +r S+ "i n

313 Cr.P.C.

30. = +n+ +r ' *$+' # issi n " *!" ' ?!+s"i n "

" + ' !s+ n i"'$ *i+ + # + i +n + is r'is+ in " + '**+$$'"+

!r": !rs+s ' 'i$'9$+ " " + '**+$$'"+ !r" 'n 9+ 9ri+#$-

s! 'ris+ 's !n +r

(i% = +n+ +r ' *$+' # n n *$i'n + # S+ "i n 313

Cr.P.C. is r'is+ : i" is ;i" in " + * ;+rs # " + '**+$$'"+

!r" " +B' in+ 'n #!r" +r +B' in+ " + n i " r " +

!ns+$ '**+'ring # r " + ' !s+ 'n " + s'i 'ns;+rs

s '$$ 9+ "'>+n in" nsi +r'"i n # r + i ing " + '""+r. I#

" + ' !s+ is !n'9$+ " ##+r " + '**+$$'"+ !r" 'n-

r+'s n'9$+ +B*$'n'"i n # s! ir ! s"'n +: " + !r" '-

'ss! + " '" " + ' !s+ 's n ' +*"'9$+ +B*$'n'"i n "

22


23/28Page 23

##+r

(ii% In " + #' "s 'n ir ! s"'n +s # " + 's+: i# " +

'**+$$'"+ !r" +s " " + n $!si n " '" n *r+ ! i +;'s '!s+ r n #'i$!r+ # !s"i + ;'s 'si n+ : " +

'**+$$'"+ !r" ;i$$ +'r 'n + i + " + '""+r !* n +ri"s.

(iii% I# " + '**+$$'"+ !r" is # " + *ini n " '" n n

*$i'n + ;i" " + *r isi ns # S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. 's

'si n+ r is $i>+$- " ' + 'si n+ *r+ ! i + " " +

' !s+ : " + '**+$$'"+ !r" '- ir+ " r+"ri'$ #r " + s"'g+

# r+ r ing " + s"'"+ +n"s # " + ' !s+ #r " + * in"; +r+ " + irr+g!$'ri"- !rr+ : " '" is: #r " + s"'g+ #

?!+s"i ning " + ' !s+ !n +r S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. 'n " +

"ri'$ J! g+ '- 9+ ir+ "+ " +B' in+ " + ' !s+ '#r+s

'n +#+n + ;i"n+ss i# 'n- 'n is* s+ # " + '""+r '#r+s

(i % T + '**+$$'"+ !r" '- + $in+ " r+ i" " + '""+r "

" + "ri'$ !r" # r r+"ri'$ n ' !n" # $ ng "i + '$r+' -

s*+n" in " + "ri'$ # " + 's+ 'n " + *+ri # s+n"+n +'$r+' - !n +rg n+ 9- " + n i " 'n in " + #' "s 'n

ir ! s"'n +s # " + 's+: '- + i + " + '**+'$ n i"s ;n

+ri"s: >++*ing in i+; " + *r+ ! i + '!s+ " " + ' !s+ .

31. On " + ?!+s"i n # r+ i""ing " + '""+r 9' > " " +

"ri'$ !r" n " + gr !n # n n *$i'n + # 'n '" r-

*r isi ns # S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C.: $+'rn+ !ns+$ # r " +

'**+$$'n" n"+n + " '" in " + *r+s+n" 's+: " + ' !s+ is in

!s" - # r r+ " 'n +ig " -+'rs 'n " + ' !s+ *+rs n

23


24/28Page 24

'nn " 9+ >+*" !n +r "ri'$ in +#ini"+$- 'n " '" " + ' !s+

's ' rig " " s*++ - "ri'$. T + $+'rn+ !ns+$ *$' + r+$i'n +

!* n " + ! g +n" # " is C !r" in 2bdul Rehman 2ntula7

2nd Ors . s. R.S. 9a7ak 2nd 2nr., (1552% 1 SCC 22&. In *'r's

(63% 'n (64% # " + s'i ! g +n" i" ;'s +$ 's !n +r

63. In !a hander . State of H7derabad (15&&% 2 SCR &24" is C !r" 9s+r + " '" ; i$+ i" is in ! 9+n" n " + C !r"" s++ " '" n g!i$"- *+rs ns +s '*+s: i" is s"i$$ r+ i"s !"-

" s++ " '" !s"i + is n " +$'-+ 'n ' !s+ *+rs ns 'r+n " in +#ini"+$- 'r'ss+ . T + s '$+s: " + C !r" 9s+r + :!s" 9+ +$ + +n 9+";++n " + *r s+ !"i n 'n " + ' !s+ .In " + #' "s # " '" 's+: " + C !r" r+#!s+ " r +r "ri'$ n' !n" # " + "i + '$r+' - s*+n" 'n " +r r+$+ 'n" ir !s"'n +s # " '" 's+.

64. In :eerabadran (hettiar . Ramas;ami 9ai ker (15&5%SCR 1211 " is C !r" r+#!s+ " s+n 9' > *r ++ ings n" + gr !n " '" '$r+' - ' *+ri # #i + -+'rs 's +$'*s+'n i" ; !$ n " 9+ !s" 'n *r *+r in " + ir ! s"'n +s #" + 's+ " n"in!+ " + *r ++ ings '#"+r s! ' $'*s+ #"i +. Si i$'r$-: in (hajoo Ram . Radhe7 Sh7am " (15


25/28Page 25

+ns!r+ s*++ - !s"i + " " + ' !s+ . = i$+ i" is in ! 9+n"

!* n " + C !r" " s++ " '" *+rs ns ' !s+ # ri + !s" 9+

gi +n ' #'ir "ri'$ 'n g+" s*++ - !s"i +: in !r i+;: + +r-

r+'s n'9$+ $'"i"! + !s" 9+ gi +n " " s+ ; 'r+ +n"r!s"+

;i" ' inis"r'"i n # !s"i +. In " + #' "s 'n ir ! s"'n +s

# +' 's+: !r" s !$ +B' in+ ; +" +r r+ 'n # " +

'""+r " " + "ri'$ !r" ; !$ ' !n" " in +#ini"+

'r'ss +n" # " + ' !s+ . = +n " +r+ is issi n " *!"

'"+ri'$ + i +n + " " + ' !s+ in " + !rs+ # +B' in'"i n

!n +r S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C.: *r s+ !"i n is n " g!i$"- # n "

' ! ing r s!**r+ssing s! + i +n + i" is n$- " + #'i$!r+

n " + *'r" # " + $+'rn+ "ri'$ !r". T + i "i # " + ##+n +

r " + ' !s+ s !$ n " s!##+r # r $' +s r issi n # " +

!r". Cri in'$ !s"i + is n " n+ si + . I" 's 'n- #' +"s

'n ;+ ' + " r'; ' 9'$'n + 9+";++n n#$i "ing rig "s 'n

!"i+s.

33. C ing " " + #' "s # " is 's+: FSL R+* r"

(EB P12% ;'s r+$i+ !* n 9 " 9- " + "ri'$ !r" 's ;+$$ 's 9-

" + Hig C !r". T + 9 + "i n 's " " + +#+ "i + 313 Cr.P.C.

s"'"+ +n" 's n " 9++n r'is+ in " + "ri'$ !r" r in " +

25


26/28Page 26

Hig C !r" 'n " + issi n " *!" " + ?!+s"i n !n +r

S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C.: 'n *r+ ! i + '!s+ " " + ' !s+ is

r'is+ 9+# r+ " is C !r" # r " + #irs" "i +. I" ;'s 9r !g " "

!r n "i + " '" " + '**+$$'n" is in !s" - # r '9 !" +ig "

-+'rs. = i$+ " + rig " # " + ' !s+ " s*++ - "ri'$ is '

'$!'9$+ n+: C !r" 's " s!9s+r + " + in"+r+s" # !s"i +

>++*ing in i+; " + rig " # " + i "i Ks #' i$- 'n " + s i+"-

'" $'rg+.

34. In !r i+;: ' !s+ is n " +n"i"$+ # r ' ?!i""'$

n " + gr !n # n n *$i'n + # 'n '" r- *r isi ns #

S+ "i n 313 Cr.P.C. =+ 'gr++ " s + +B"+n" " '" " +

'**+$$'n" is *r+ ! i + n ' !n" # issi n " *!" " +

?!+s"i n 's " " + *ini n # 7'$$is"i EB*+r" (EB P12% ; i

;'s r+$i+ !* n 9- " + "ri'$ !r" 's ;+$$ 's 9- " + Hig

C !r". Tri'$ !r" s !$ ' + 9++n r+ 'r+#!$ in #r' ing

" + ?!+s"i ns 'n in +ns!ring " '" '$$ '"+ri'$ + i +n + 'n

in ri in'"ing ir ! s"'n +s ;+r+ *!" " " + ' !s+ .

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