NapoleonNapoleon

“The General”

Napoleon Grasps Power

1796 the Directory appoints him to lead the army against Austria and was able to defeat them in Italy

Napoleon loses in Egypt but keeps reports out of the press

1799 Napoleon put in charge of military 1799 Napoleon stages a coup d’etat and takes power

from the Directory 1802 Europe at peace 1804 Napoleon crowned himself Emperor

Napoleon Restores Order

stable economy- more equal taxation national bank reduced government corruption Concordant (agreement) with Pope Pius XVI

new relationship between church and state Napoleonic Code- comprehensive and uniform

legal system (although it gave France uniform laws it was actually a step backwards)

Napoleon Creates an Empire1807-1812

New World territories– Uprising in Haiti– Sold Louisiana to President Jefferson

Napoleon wanted to expand in Europe after getting Austrian Netherlands and parts of Italy

Battle of Trafalgar- naval defeat in 1805 off the shore of the Spanish coast assured supremacy of the British navy and forced Napoleon to give up plans to invade Britain

By 1812 the only countries not under Napoleon’s rule were Britain, Ottoman Empire, Portugal, Sweden

Napoleon’s Mistakes French Empire large but unstable because conquered

people not loyal to France        Continental System- effort to destroy Britain’s

commercial and industrial economy. Shut off ports between Britain and other European states

- Weakened trade but didn’t destroy it – Britain launched counter attack that was more

damaging War of 1812- Britain vs. U.S. (ends in a draw) Peninsular War 1808- Portugal was ignoring the

blockade so Napoleon sent army through Spain.

Invasion of Russia- Breakdown in Alliance between Russia and

France (partly due to Russia’s trade with Britain)

- Scorched-earth policy- Alexander burned down earth to starve the French troops and then burns Moscow

- Napoleon goes into Russia with 422,000 troops and leaves with only 28,000

Napoleon’s Downfall

4th coalition- Britain, Russia, Prussia, Sweden, Austria

Oct. 1813 Battle of Leipzig defeated April 1814 defeated empire and exiled to

Elba off the Italian coast

Failed comeback Louis XVIII came to rule

France but unpopular, so Napoleon came back and was crowned emperor again in March 1815

Waterloo in Belgium- 6/15/1815- loses against the British and Prussians, so British shipped him to an island in the South Atlantic where he lived for 6 years and died of a stomach ailment

Free Response

Napoleon’s rise to power signaled the end of the French Revolution. In your opinion, were the goals of the Revolution accomplished with Napoleon? Why or why not?

Also, remark on the statement that Napoleon is a villain and not a hero. Agree or disagree. Why or why not?