Name: ______________________________ Date: ___________

Cumula t ive B io logy Assessment (Q1 – Q3)

1st 9 Weeks: 1 - 15 2nd 9 Weeks: 16 - 28 3rd 9 Weeks: 29 – 37 Bonus Vocabulary: 38 1. Johnny works as an engineer for Monsanto (developing fertilizers) and is paid based on how well his fertilizers work with corn. To demonstrate awesomeness of his fertilizer Johnny develops an experiment, which consists of several plots of corn in the same field and then he adds different amounts of fertilizer to the plots. All other conditions remain the same for all plots. Identify the independent variable: ______________________________________________________ Identify the dependent variable: _______________________________________________________ What is an appropriate control for this experiment? ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ What bias might be present in this experiment? _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Balance the equation for photosynthesis. Circle the products and draw a box around the reactants. ____ CO2 + ____ H2O -------------- > _____ C6H12O6 + ______ O2 3. Balance the equation for cellular respiration. Circle the reactants and draw a box around the products. ____ CO2 + ____ H2O <------------- _____ C6H12O6 + ______ O2 4. In terms of the oxygen required, how is cellular respiration and photosynthesis different from fermentation? ____ ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. A(n) (molecule/atom) is comprised of two or more (atoms/molecules) of the same or different element. 6. In an atom, ______________________ and ____________________ are found in the nucleus and ____________________________ are found flying around the nucleus in orbitals. 7. Identify the statement that best describes the relationship between ionic and covalent bonds. A. Covalent bonding involves the transfer of electrons from metals to nonmetals, whereas ionic bonds involve atoms sharing electrons to form bonds. B. Covalent bonding involves sharing electrons and ionic bonding if when a metal loses an electron to a nonmetal. C. Covalent bonding involves sharing protons and ionic bonding involves transferring electrons. D. There is no difference between the two. They are just different words for the same process.

8. Molecules of water have special properties, such as high specific heat, adhesion and cohesion, which is due to the ability of water molecules to form ______ A. diatomic bonds B. peptide bonds C. hydrogen bonds D. covalent bonds 9. The structure of the water molecule allows for the slightly positive hydrogen atom to bond with slightly negative regions in other molecules. This means that water molecules are ______. A. polar B. nonpolar C. diatomic D. neutral 10. Complete the following table. Define monomer: Define polymer: Carbon-based Molecule Monomer Unit Example

Carbohydrate Starch, Sugar

Nucleotide DNA or RNA

Amino Acid

Lipid

11. According to cell theory, cells are the most basic unit of life, all living things are made of cells and ____. A. all cells are prokaryotic B. all cells come from preexisting cells C. all cells have a nucleus D. all cells contain cytoplasm and chloroplasts 12. Identify the four criteria shared by ALL living things…. i. pass genetic material to offspring through reproduction

ii.

iii. react to stimuli

iv.

13. The lack of a nucleus indicates that a cell is (prokaryotic/eukaryotic).

14. Why would nerve cells that need to communicate quickly with other cells be shaped differently than red blood cells that have to carry oxygen? ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

15. Match the organelle with the most accurate description of its function. ______1. mitochondria A. location where genetic material is stored in eukaryotes ______ 2. chloroplasts B. many processes occur here, 2 types (smooth and rough) ______ 3. nucleus C. breaks down food energy into usable energy for you ______ 4. ribosomes D. folded membranes involved in cellular transport ______ 5. endoplasmic reticulum E. organelle where amino acids are turned into proteins ______ 6. golgi apparatus F. location where photosynthesis occurs 16. Label the diagram of the cell cycle and state what happens at each stage.

17. Complete the following table that describes both mitosis and meiosis.

Mitosis Meiosis

Makes diploid cells

Makes genetically unique cells

Happens throughout lifetime

Involved in sexual reproduction

18. During which phase of meiosis do the homologous chromosomes separate? ________________________ 19. During which phase of meiosis do the sister chromatids separate? _______________________________ 20. Distinguish between a genotype and a phenotype. _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 21. For the following genotypes identify the following homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, heterozygous.

i. Rr: _________________________________________

ii. RR: ________________________________________

iii. rr: ________________________________________ 22. For the genotypes listed above, put a star beside the one(s) that would show the dominant phenotype and draw a line through the one(s) that would show the recessive phenotype. 23. Genotypes, such as RR and rr are (homozygous/heterozygous), and genotypes, such as Rr are (homozygous/heterozygous). 24. Imagine, coneheads are dominant to roundheads in humans. Complete the Punnett Square for two heterozygous parents and other information. Symbol for the dominant allele: ________ Symbol for the recessive allele: _________

Genotypic ratio:

Phenotypic ratio:

25. Who was Gregor Mendel? What is the Law of Segregation? What is the Law of Independent Assortment? ______

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ For questions 26 – 28, use the pedigree below.

26. For individual III-3, the best description would be. A. male, who is a carrier B. male, who is affected C. female, who is a carrier D. female, who is completely unaffected 27. Assume that individual II-1 and II-2 are having another child, complete the Punnett Square for their fourth child. What is the probability their child will be affected by the disorder? 28. Explain why individuals II-3 and II-4 have only had children who are affected by this disorder. _____________ ______________________________________________________________________________

29. For each of the scenarios listed below identify whether it is commensalism, mutualism or parasitism. i. dermatoclids (mites) living in your eyelashes = ____________________________________ ii. tapeworm inside a human intestine = __________________________________________ iii. bats feeding on nectar of cactus flowers = ______________________________________ 30. For the simple food chain: i. circle the autotroph(s) ii. draw a star above the heterotroph(s) iii. identify each individual as omnivore, herbivore or carnivore

31. For the food web below, complete activities I, ii, and iii, as listed in question #30. Also, identify the trophic level of the organisms in the food web.

32. What effect would all of the maple trees being killed by a parasite have on this food web? Why? __________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

33. Identify the correct order for the levels of organization for ecology, from smallest to largest. A. population; organism; community; ecosystem; biome B. organism; population; community; biome; ecosystem C. biome; ecosystem; community; population; organism D. organism; population; community; ecosystem; biome 34. Identify the correct definition of a gene. A. Alternate form of an allele B. Entire genetic makeup of an individual organism C. Sequence of DNA that codes for a particular protein D. Group of three nucleotide bases that codes for an amino acid 35. DNA Replication is: ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

36. Fill in the Centra l Dogma o f Mo lecu lar B io logy . Use the following terms: translation, RNA, DNA, transcription, protein ____________________________ __________ ____________ ______________ __________________________________ 37. Match the biome with its most accurate description. ______ 1. Tundra A. characterized by large amounts of precipitation and lush forests ______ 2. Taiga B. biome of Ohio ______ 3. Temperate forest C. forest with hot summers and cold winters ______ 4. Grassland D. characterized by low precipitation and permafrost ______ 5. Tropical Rainforest E. coniferous forest ______ 6. Desert F. characterized by low precipitation and high temperatures ______ 7. Temperate Deciduous Forest G. primary plant species is grass 38. Match the following ______ 1. Metabolism A. all of the DNA of an organism ______ 2. Homeostasis B. alternate form of genes ______ 3. Allele C. chemical processes that build up and breakdown materials ______ 4. Gamete D. asexual reproduction of bacteria ______ 5. Karyotype E. maintenance of constant internal conditions ______ 6. Genome F. picture of chromosomes used to see abnormalities ______ 7. Binary Fission G. sex cells that are haploid; produced through meiosis