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NaGISANaGISA
Habitat specific, quantitative survey of Habitat specific, quantitative survey of the world’s nearshore environmentthe world’s nearshore environment
Producing a baseline from which:Producing a baseline from which:-scientists can work-scientists can work
-monitoring can move forward-monitoring can move forward-the public can become engaged-the public can become engaged
- stake holders can benefit - stake holders can benefit
M.
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Preliminary Synthesis ConclusionsPreliminary Synthesis Conclusions
Existing paradigms of biodiversity trends do not always apply to nearshore taxa
Existing Paradigm:Higher diversity typically occurs at lower latitudes (Thorson 1950s, Gray 2000s, Witman 2004, others)
Example of NaGISA’s findings:
►Intertidal macroalgal diversity is higher at higher latitudes
(Konar et al 2009)
Low
R2 = 0.5743
0
10
20
30
40
50
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Latitude
# S
pe
cie
s
DiversityDiversity
New species:
How Many Near Shore Species?How Many Near Shore Species?
1/6 of the known marine species are nearshore 1/6 of the known marine species are nearshore (O`Dor (O`Dor et alet al 2003) 2003)
Currently Currently ~17~170,0,000 species are known with models projecting the 000 species are known with models projecting the presence of 1,700,000+ species presence of 1,700,000+ species (M. Costello and Y. Shirayama pers. com.)(M. Costello and Y. Shirayama pers. com.)
M.K. Hoberg 2007
Golden V Kelp
To date 1,880 named taxa from 36 phyla have been cataloged by NaGISA
Cumella oculatus provisional
adult male
ovigerous female
Cumella alaskensis provisional
ovigerous female
S. Gerken 2009 S. Gerken 2009
Descriptions submitted to Zootaxa 21 January 2009
DistributionDistribution
Major Discoveries:
Habitat range extensions
Rhodolith (nearshore coralline algae) beds are nursery grounds for many commercial species
- The NaGISA effort discovered the first rhodolith bed in Alaska
- Scientific results may be used for conservation implementation (fishing, recreational boating)
Discoveries to Come:
Processes that drive species distributions
AbundanceAbundance
Abundance varies by location
Questions to be asked:• Are there latitudinal or longitudinal trends of abundance
for select taxa?
Location No. Individuals No. Taxa
Punta Tigrillo, Mochima National Park, Venezuela
1327 66
Taklong Island, Philippines
6641 162
Cobscook Bay, Gulf of Maine, USA
>19,000 340
Montague Island, Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA
37,021 274
For example:For example:
BiomassBiomass
low intertidal
0
400
800
11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60
latitudinal bins
bio
ma
ss
(g
)
Biomass varies by latitude
Intertidal macroalgal biomass appears to increase with latitude (Konar et al 2009)
Arg
entin
aA
lask
a U
SA
Questions to be asked:• Are there latitudinal or longitudinal trends of biomass for other select taxa?
For example:For example:
Visualization & CommunicationVisualization & Communication
Determining nearshore biodiversity
Getting communities involved
Informing the public
• Assessing effectiveness of MPA’s (Venezuela)
• Incorporation of NaGISA protocols in long-term monitoring efforts:
Monitoring 1000 (Japan)Department of Fisheries and
Oceans (Canada)University coursework
(Venezuela, USA)
• Assessing ecosystem vulnerability to oil or mineral extraction (USA)
Societal Impact of Results to DateSocietal Impact of Results to Date
Limits to KnowledgeLimits to Knowledge
Wish list for new technologies:
• Method of determining species lists from homogenized samples
• Searchable image database of nearshore species (image recognition)
Current limits to nearshore biodiversity:
• Resources (time, financial, taxonomic) for identifying species
M.
Say
er 2
008
M.
Say
er 2
008