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A ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIP
by
SAYUMPORN KASORNSUWAN
A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT
OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE
OF BACHELOR OF FINE ARTS (CERAMICSl
FACULTY OF EDCORATIVE ARTS
SILPAKORN UNIVERSITY
1995
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Thesis Title
Name
Department
Academic Year
A Romantic Relationship
Sayumporn Kasornsuwan
Ceramics
1995
ABSTRACT
This Thesis has the main purpose to create' ceramic
sculpture in Abstract Style. The concept of sculptures concerns
love and relationship between man and woman which support each
other.
The way of creating projects leads up the idea from love
between man and woman that come from attachment, supporting and
warm each other. I present this concept by take character and
parts of man and wommt bodies in Abstract Style to make this
thesis.
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nll'l!ll'lilnnn!lnH <ELEMENTS) ' .
t~l! !LINEl
R ~!Ill 'l '· INTERSECT • II iifH ll flU ! EDGES ! !I 6l:; n 'li\!!fl'l tJ-j 'I ·Ill tH I'I·J \! 'l e Will
' :v!::~ .... <:II "" .... ,._.. .... 44 ..... _, "-' lili!TI\IIIiH"II 2 HnlHUe Ail lii\IWHiiUUi\(\fH \llflllnl'Hi'1leiluUfiW1"1ntH
~
b il~!l-~H'-Iil ,, c 3
. ~
HIJ\!'1 e H.'lllil'lil 1 • II il tJ l !hi'! tJ m I '
~ <'-' .qj I ~ ~ J ~ 1H 0 ·lllfi'i\!" 'HH~l \1 il 'I'll! iill·i iJ iJ i1 U il ·I 1 Uit' ·I rll fl n
• ,; .. ..., J • ~ ~ .~ ~·I'' :c1 1\fl ·; 1 ~.,an !liHIII R ·1 -1 mw 'Ill ilmt'i c;\~a ·)II w ., ~ iJ -1
' v ,;;; ""' <tl ' ....
ti\LM\!U4R11NLRHiJUlMlJ1UlR1Dil~'UII1i .. tilfl'l'l~;'-l·liin~wa·ll!!!hY-AWlfl'111cr TI 1\H 'i-ttAiil L tl'l~llih~" 1 ~i!Wi 1 1 ~~~
1~l!1U !PLANE1
1U~ltinarne~lt1 I~!!R1ri1Mlli inMa•n·I111~R1DilHD8tlR1tii~·lt1dn1t ,. ' '
'>) U "-' .._. .;! I ~ .... "-' ~ i
UlUii1N110d11tllRetJtRUMH~H1lNLiliilUiM11•n11tiHW'J1•l!lUIIUnllt
!111111'11 !VOLUME)
3
~ ~ ~
G ~.J G «j.._, 41 .._. ::t .... ll1H \I a ~1 !!El 'lll'lfl V'HilW! TI ii ·l'JU!1 "l i">m~ 'J ~Ail 8\lt \il TI EJ ·llh !I'!WI \fll\4 '! til
'
-G-
" !j ~ an~~~WUU1 <TEXTURE)
H 'j ·1 }J 1'J n a,~ 'lfl.-1 •
" u·miin~a~ua~ua"Ln <TONEJ
" t\H '1\H] '! o ~II 'Ill 'i '' mhl!Ull TI E1 ·ill ii ·l I ·l '1
.J .... ~ (l) ·: (l) I
YI\JlM~'IJllll1RMJlUTIEI~U1MUJlR'I•1DD~•Jn1~ •
,J .j ' YIIRIHU,M1Ulffln~·l
0 <II .... ,...
H11~iiUllffNHA'iilR'IlNDMUR•DEit1UYI1~ ' ~ ~ ~ u ~ - '; .... ~ -TI '11H Til 1!\!t\H \11!.!1 ·lll 'il\l!fHH!flll
'H'In" <RHYTH!Il
... n11~ <SPACEJ
.j, ~ ' ~ .. nl111UU1•1111UHYITIH~H1ll'lff
.j~ " " t" " .j n "una·\ 1 un H nu R ·1·1 11" 11 i'll!un unff\Hn f~ m1 1 ' ' .J I J ,..j I ..... .,., .J 1&)
IEitH111YINI01Jn1tR1UHJ11moua•NRfi1Htl1'11 •
-7-
• ri1~UR~~n1tDHt~i1t,UH11L~H~~HDBt1tln1t~1t1
•
-8-
,...
The Kiss
1888-98
-9-
~ d. n1un 2 : ~1~1UDil1 Ro 1n
Eternal Springtime
1984
-
.J fll'Wrl 3
-10-
IHH llbl.HH Rodin
J fl1Wfi 4
-11-
w~~,u~a~ Rodin
-
J ill\iltl 5
-12-
..... ·llt! SKETCH 2 UR
-13-
.... 31H SKETCH 2 JlR
~ fi1\Hl 7
-14-
..... •31U SKETCH 2 iJH
-15-
,..
j I 1 ) • U \ I 1 to ' I ~ '
/
J f11\H1 9
-lG-
...... ... J 11U SKETCH 3 ~R iun 2
~ fi1HYI 10
-17-
""... ... <l ~1U SKETCH 3 ~~ iun 3
<.1 [11\Url 11
-18-
.... ' ~1U SKETCH 3 ~i ~U~ 4
-19-
....... "' ~ 11U SKETCH 3 UR ~un 5
i~uiu <Raw Materials) '
-20-
...! 'LITITI 3
ILl .JJ IU
nauam no1ns~ •
~ ~ <l v ~ .. ;; ~ <l~ ' ~ " - " - " ~ ' v ' 11DRUn1f1UH11NIA1~1H~uURUIN1nlR111U\lullR•1Aq D~•1U1Mq1MUll '
AU vm u!l"u1ITlAA'H1 u~n,,~l•A~Iaan'l•n~ulllalfiu iiu1lltil!~·;i·Hiluu•nh ' '
.... ' ""' 'iiJ "" i.J "" ~ ._.. ......... ' ' "01 RqHRl~Rt 1ROLIWl•NNIHRHt~A1lNITil1lUI•1Rrn•NUA .11!ti10HHUAlt1 ftltLRU . . '
~ ~
'Chemical composition' H11UIMI!R1TIH~RI! (Plasticity! ll11~Ri1Dilt~U
IShringkagel AIHMli!;TIH~iU~IW1U;1 !Fire ~"'" ':0 -color• fttULWHini!MUJ11!BUdl
..... • 'iiJ 'iiJ ..... u ' 'iiJ ...
Hq11!D111!11~1d1MA1tHU1AD~, •• tRTiil~WWIR ' '
....... J. ~ ...... il~~ 1illlMUTil!'l'I!J"In"lllll111HIII! WIH~ \lil\l! Wl
'
..... ... ....~... <Ill
1. 'l~!lR\Jiho ummlfl1'lN! 11\!B'l 'Plastic materials • ' ..... ... J .-..~ <Ill
2. lRDRUn1~NR1lNIMUB1 'Non plastic malerialsl
.... "" .Jq ..... 1~UMUd1Htnnnll~11~!~Ua1 <Plastic •aterialsl
'
' i1~~NlnNlD~H'lSU~~
""' > )<) .{ lo.> ""' ..;, ' II) ' 'iiJ
U'lt.UN~lU11nU1N11.~•H1BtiU1RLiD Ult.UMnUlN11f1N1A
•• - ' ~ ~ J) - ' .! ' 11\Uitl'll L 1J\Hll\li9ln1!1il'lRIY[)D'HlnHTID·lllll1tD 11'1
... 'V ~ .._. 'iiJQ.o > ... ' o ... .._. .{ I ;.:
Wn W<'i ·ill il '!iWltD I '1'1 1 Will 31 \J 'l 'HU '·Prim it i ve) 'j 111\! l fnl 1 thll W il '< IIIUTIWI ·l '1 TIl! ' >
'iiJ l<J J 'iiJ "" ~~ I ..... I ~I ,....
1fN1UI1 lABftR11N1filt1ftBln11UTIUti!Bt1UL11qNlnili!IIBD1l1M •
... a.o I ..;, "-' G 4-..~ I ~ RUUU11!tiU1ADRUftNR11NIMNl=•NIBltBtMI1Btl1onl1
'
-21-
~ ' " -UU111UUWI~1U01111RD
Wi 'I Jill follll~ 1 ·I TI 8 ·HI11lt~ I n TI a ·lllfi ~e Hfll.!.cifl" fiii D1 fl1 1 ··,'J ft '
' ~11on~11fiu1RnH11V
(Weathering'
' 4,, - q BtRd1•naun~1Rij»Bt~u
1UD11U~1iiutl1onau1tlA1DU~D1~MI13Hri1t
~ "-_,-1 I!F!Lthman" 'tR(]!
~~1tnh•nauncH •.Alumina I
!•1n1t1n~ AI. o •. zsio •. za.o
1UD11U•1iTiatii!U1tUMrit
' ~ _; "" .... -D1DA11NIMU81LWNTIU
.. ~
R11111M11n1noti1U <Plastieity>
" "
I
' <Kaolin• UIHUHI IMB3 'Ball clay• 1•
•Colloidal • 1h't~
•1~ ihiit!ut!11Jii111 '11 n ntl nln 1 ·f1 fiR 1 IIA a ·In 1, ~.... t v ' nw<lc<t!'l~ IIB'n
" OuiJu'1 ~j~ 11? 1~i • •
(fineness'~
---
-22-
( Sc:condary
elay' Carbonaceous matter .... ""'' ''""~1•Lnnri11oun1n
Organic maUer JbuwJci L iluffm11n ' ~-·
Un~•ril1~L~MA11NLHrrD1L~NiU ~1WU1U •
(Kaolin~
0 li ' n11lnLiluUinriLm!
v
1Rau,niuiliun'~Rrr~M11NLMrrB,rraau1il ,,
tilWlii!'!UlfiUR1l <
Ql ' o, lLJ L <,j ..:, 0 ~ li.J .;.,I .... .... lLJ .;;
L ll 8 U ! Jl 1 n L il U !Jiln' 11ll!llrilWI1 niL llll Tii!1U'1 n! fi tl fll '! L n 1 SliMl!llll'f '! L U1! L 'l il'Wl\1']
'
""' ... ' ""' L llAH'I'I Jl L \\liB 'l U U H\~ U L \~U 'i
. ~
~ 11llU~Ilil HI~ ~~hi
"'Il<' ' Q' ll TI fl !Hin R 1 ·I 111!
I "" "--Ii I .._,...., L I _} 3 ""' "-' UHI~Mh\ NWBAHRWfiNURA1t1flB1tNlll!lltl ID\1 ITIU~MU R11Yn~f~ lll1HRR1 UB•
;
M1'1NLM~D1ilfl~iuitu~~R1NUM~tri1L~RL~U 2 n'~M ~a .... .J. .... ...\ lLJ L .._.,
1. MUnLnM1un11U•t !Primary clay or Residual clay• 1nun R\lil11 •
(Kaolin) )j ~ V'\ •parent rock' LU8MUHB1U 1M&
Till ... .... J ;;, ~ lLJ ....
H11NLMUR11NRW~nlOTI\11d1A RB~JliUWdNDU '
""" ...\ ..... J ! ~ 2, eumn~1\!ft'!lU!'Il •secondary cla.y or Sedimantary clay> LlJil
..! ! fi'!'l\JWI
1. iun·11 'Kaolin or China clay•
.... ,f "&_ ·~ m!Uii!HAilS I Ball clay' LI!EHii!NO
' ·~~..~~ ~ "~ •·m111iUL U\JHI!nL Di!1U!l'!lU.·l \ \Jil,\!HDlll aAllNn\11~-~ •1800 0~~1 ' ' ~
1i IN 1 TI 1u '! \]1 R nil H •
mHi111nn~~ ' thetl!tlD'I rnwni1w1 tJ~iiTt~n11JIJI'Iilmt'liJ ttac: '
,, nBmn,nHil
2
; ;
<, Al urn in i um
nWl91111 ilv v v
""' -.1 I ..... ~..._IV , q.._. .,j
RU i!d1Utl1HIIHUTIH4H~IIV1 liiO~IH1 liiH\!1 !combine water! UHH11HUD411
v "\ ' oxide • ABt1lBIIEI<Jn'11l'A rcalcium oxide! (Magnesium
oxide!
" Carbonate! r Marl! ..... .... ... ..... .._. MU!iUMUbHR11HH11HU4
;
..... ~ Q, ~ "01 I "-' ~ ~ TIHiMUUUHI13N11UUAUTI11 1lii!d1UU1HHIUTIH4AibD8NHHn'11l'A (Calcium oxide~ •
I J. IV
Uiod11U1•nHUHB14HUd•dUH8A1D ,, ~ ~ " ~ ' v ·: 1;: ,I v ,, v • " ' 1 I All TI 11 ll\!A\!L ll ilU 'HJ1 H dJJn U\!1 ii 1 )Jl 1 H n\11 u11 'H '1 rl L TI 1!11 \1 U 11 L ll Hl!l' 1 I W 1
10.I1Di1tllncio ~~·1N11UA41d1; ; .
"" q! ""' ""'""""' <II I HU1118MBMii1dl•tnMdUH191LAH~H •
~ v
LR'>HiihlA\IbWl
~ ~
2. f<1!TI111H1!al •Ball clay1 ~ ~ J ..1 : 1U\IR1!nwu1un11u~1
" • v TI 8i 1\HlDA H1!TI1 ~ii'i
•
• "" ..... ~ 'U I IV
M\IB11liUA\IR111dHU'1R1AR11tl 1An1dn,A
"" '"" "-'"" ' • ..... .._. i 1 '1 1 N II 1~11, tl ~1! 'HI 'l n 11~ !1 f1 il!VVI
•
<ol .( ~ {
'Kaolin• utdH1t1l'u~
~ ~
UWll\11 \111~ l
• • " IN111!8ruMn~d1:Ulffi 1300 Bt~111l'BI~Bii 1J,lU11U~1N1iU1ti
-24-
,.., ' OJ ..., ... ""' J R64Ul1~N~UHU1RHMU.UAHU
'
3. ~unu1~ •Fire clay! ~ ... <>I v )&) ""' :'1 ... ...
LtlURUI1~·1U11DI1UA11U1HU1Riitnt 1500 64~1L~II~Bii Uft11NLMUD1 •
1nn 1 ctelL tl!!ll1!1R!I H11WUL iJu~~l~'liDHU ~~ m M:'/a L iiu \iami·,'ttl1~ii:im!1l4 1~nl '
V '": «<V«o ' o4 2J ..... V "-' ... .._.. ,{
d1U~1t11DtLR1LNl LRl!llt LR1RNU1 iJNUOUU11UN~NLUULUHRUaUJ1M1UNiR/Irnft ' .
.( 0 ... I ,{ <II 4 .._.. ... I
fi1R\HI1'l 11'lli\Jm!1vJ •Saggersl ~'l\Wii!ITIH·Hitl!l1il.\IR'lH·HI61fHH~\I/IiJirll 11\J.ll\1'1\11 ~ ~ 'il I
v
(Pyrometric cone r tilifu L I lNiiN
• • :!!i _., I i..'
ceramic sculpt1ve L\!HRUMH\!11tHtl1U
.. uaemn111
• "<! "" ~ -<o. ..,~.... <I I I !V .:., V<li <t> ...
LHUB1R LUUR\!IliJHlliJBMMO\! !Thermal schockl RHR11iJ'lHULH\!1RA llillH!l~MU
' ' 5. ii11UU11LMaa !Stone ware clayl o4 ... ~ I i.) ... ..., .._..
IU\!MUilRHUiltLM\!Bl INl!ltlM.DilU'lONlrn ' '
"' "! • ..~ iH 11'1 iH ll 'l WI IHJ
'
':"j I l':"j I I .;lj '": !V "'\ ..... <>I ~ : "<1~-<oj'<) ... I
l.ll!111fUiHHI\!'] llll LI11Hn ln!B\!'l~11LTIIJ LUi!Hl!n\IIU1\ITI1TUWI U'l·l!lllliWL'ltlWJ'l '
~unuN 'Fire clay' ~wiiamil'1illhJj~r;nm~~um!hl 'Sagger' wiiRnl~·l,ll'iifl•tlim
11'14 tilii:J! ll«~il:lni!'h~ ii1Wl1D iWl11HH~Hn~ii_, • •
~ ">. ..... <>I IV < ~ ~ ..... ..... 4 lllu~uliunn1~RH1U11llw•Nnullnnu~unuu
~
~1N1'lni!!1UTI1.,1B~1; ' '
I \W c1~1 !HI11 i\1 1 iJ; 'I MU ihmmW fl 1 'i ~" 'Wheel '>11.1.... _, ..... ~ ,{ ... 41
work) NNUtlNTI1fJil~iH~1'llilli i fHlllU . ' • 41 ........ , 41
l!liil (Salt glaze! UB•NBRnrn1'1iJ'l•LIInLRIHU1~•t !High fire stone ware• •
-25-
..... i l .{ G. lEI'HHn\!!111 lA!lU •Earthen ware clayl
I "01 •f ~ .{ ~ I !1.1
r11mn rm 1 ua 11li11~ u a ·i L111lfiA m!TI 'Hri-i •
LH11uarnnni 950-1100 at~11liatia• ~~attiu~~niuaJ,~llriau i~1~1111ri ' ' '
!1.1 l ~ ~ ....
Llllltn iiau1liw~Atheumii)!iHlil! ii)!1ui·l nti'1"U131!1 n'lnuatu·mo·lR1 '
I ..... «! <>i liM10H81t8tllfi11NlMU81N1H
M~H~UL~B~ri1'li1M1flci1tlllfl 'Alkalines>
... ..... ..... ..... ... 7. 1AfiMU AUdUMBU1 •Other kind of clayl -·
I It) "ll !1.1
HRUTI11N1fl M'i1Nll~UB1URB
>Flint clayl
'• ~ -AlllllR'llAHAf'l'l !Terra cotta l
!High-Alumina!
~Bouxitr?l •diaspore•
ii ·l 1 ~1i 1W~Ani•Virm'l 1~1 ~1 n 1 r• 1M«" ll tJ 'i" l mnnn! om" 1~ ·1 ·l'l •
:-~ ... ....... 4 "" l J..o <>I :.J UHH11fll!8tN~UiiU1ilflll1HIJ18 ldU UltU'l"lfilllliJAlliJLMU87Nlfl~tWriNW1fl
..... ... .{ ... ~ "i ~. !1.1 ~ .... '"-' ~ ~<tl d11HUn1n U1tl'lfiLDUIA11dW.NlUiiRU0Uu'loLnn1~R11~·tnN .•
""<. :!J <II ... .{
J. mnus·Jml•ll!! •Quartz, SiO ' 11'l[]IH!H'Ji!WJ ,__ . ~""' !i.J J ... ... -..1 .... ..! ' '"-' .... ... -i .,..
.11ti'!OH8UDili~iH'IULHH1!!U11NdlA NM11NU,gnBNlflfl1111DIUdUA6li N '
~ ... 4 "<<I I qj
A11NUTI~Nlil 'Mob's scale of hardness• ti'l•Nlffi 7 NI[]HHHUlt L1DHA1Nn1
mesh·, ~ ~' "-'
1ffw•u1!!Lu8~uauua•~1 4
L MrHJU
1u1tl~ltlL~u1u1tina1au ' '
type'
1 \!'l!] TI rH ll'! 1 ~ !Granular '
type! <Ill .-..1 .... ' 1t!'!tlTia·W4 'pouder type •WHJ!H '•DW!'I
Amorphous ~ .... ~.._,
l\H \!flRUnihl
Silica
Classic ceramic
" ~ •Thermal Insulation! LtiuR!!
" ii·J ~u •
hodies
l!i.J I .... o 'V <>j
11 f>l n-11 ri;nn 1 m!'t tltn1 mlAfl'l'l N 1 mtn ·1 <It
2. ih!W\!~1 •Feldspar\
~ . \JI.·IflFiili\'11
"··· .,J.;u ~ ~ 1dn·m1nm UHwmaaml"rnn 'flux • 1ltDi~!\iiiHi·i 1ilwri•J1u
~ ;[ ~
'lw~·nia·HJ~·,, iiuilu~lLnv<~mh•nauuo·< i'ian1'lm; "a~ ., b·Uau3~bflfil 'Alknlines Aluminum Silicate·i ~~~iin·~·-lntl'll!lli'JiiftlMTIIJ~~u
~
l!il'!\111
.... :"i !i.J ... t v ' 2.1 1~i!.I•Ull'ld1!c11tli!A<il14rHiu"''l •.Potass Feldspar' '1ellfl Orthoc 1 ase
li.~O, G SiO 2
iPotassium Aluminum Silicate)
-27-
UEISU~UlteJci~ ~~ '
•Soda Feldspar• 1;uri~11 Albite
•Sodium Alumi
nium Silicate' 1~m~tm~ii1WJ1 Pot ass ' .
Feldspar
2.::: <Calcium Fe lclsvar•
Anorthite, Lime Feldspar Cao. A.Io,. 2 Sio2
~ii'J'iU1~1JiJtJTIH·H!J1fH~fHI "" i.i ~ <ell ..;: ' ' aa~bUBilll~IIH< •:Calcium Aluminium Silicate• 'llfwiluwiiR<HJUliJI!!ilU'lmu .,
"' .. 8~iil"H11N Nill1 HH ' .
~ v
~H1R'JNR11NRH~H11
41 ' ::; ~ • cone 10' !11ilil'llJH'J'H!I!n
~epheline Syenite
' "' ii111n11N ii·Hifif~'! •
~
K0 0 .254 Al20
3 1.108 Si0
0 4.652 ~a.o .746 UBN
i.i ~ <II ' .... i.i ' - ..., !o..J .... ... ....
1lfWiiN'llllllbMiiJU1~1Nii1UH 1"!J1•lalfUN1Hd1M1UNLI1BNbMIHU iJ•MnNU1UHI11 'll 'll q 'll
.... ~ .... ~ J... "" '!II .... ~) Cornwall stone 1~\UU Flux tiUMMUt nusN1UH11bR1BNlUHRU0U UH•
~ 0 ..
lllbHIHtJ
Potassium
~ " U ~itn TI 1H t a ·mnlt b UI!WW~I i'l!t
• ~ '
Wfl11DWI'I11 A1'1•l~
CaO .304
Na.o .304 Al 0 1.075 SiO• 8.10 • 3
K.o .356
Lime, Soda
-28-
~:. ~tHJU -·-~whjting)
.. ~
lnH<Hllll1'lf1'l n if lux~ ' ~
~'HH1HWl~l! •Firing range•
rchallr• (Resistant•
~ ' 4. nulRla1un (Dolomite caco,. MgCo,•
L~ur11ti1•nau~a~rrn~L;auRa•~IL;au~14uaL~M 1~wru1uL~ai~L~HiAlH , ..., ._. ..., "" ..., I "
rn~1UHOIMHA1'1H'l1TI818AlTIHtNIRnm"1liL1i1!11H11LN1 !Thermal Expansion• '
•Pysophyllite
iiA'lll18H
v """ .... ~ ' ' li11U1l!t 1anm!l!11 Hli!1'U Soap stone
•
"" .... ,{
6. MUHiA (Talc 3 MgO . 4 SiO H OJ e
,{. v .... lRtl1•f~AU11ti1li1UH11i1UW1 '
oFilless and Coatings• ' v "'"' ,{ v 1liDA.1MH11URl~'l 1UA1liDRi1'1MH11U\~11Un!1' 1\i
' ' ~ "" ..I ..: "'"' .... '':'! w fu1u L!!B m1n L utwrH~nmml TI '1·1 (white ware bodies•
ware bodies' G ._. ,{ ~ ._. ~...~ V
u ••w !lAIII~"IH n a·; nua tJn 1Wil1 li1 u 1 A 1 ' K i In furniture • '
-29-
<Talc ' ~ ~
bodies) OB111!flBlN111HH~l1ilwtl1~~1m 'iml 06
~
7. 1 01111~~11 (Bone ash. 4 .-~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
1tiU1~llftbR18~TIU1111\ll1l11BAll
' .
Ca 3
(Po 4
! 2 C'aC'o 3
'
a~1Uti1Bl10UTiil1~1\;8U~H~I~I ~ I :::: IV '"-: 41 ,.J...J "-' J I~DUA11UH\UI i('a}cium Carbonate! U1tA1t1dW~U1UU11AIHU URn•lA~n
flux "' ' 1181111 china bodies ~t
11 111i tn ntt 1 iluW'FitJwmJ ·1 ri au ri11 iiw ~~ii'"~'iil-i ·m a tu 1 n •
(Grog) q,.,J, l<'o <;ol I JU It) ~
AN18lltAI!ftW1Ul1111N1 1111U1N1UAUD1!1AR1t111NA11NRRtll111li N!INII!H
iufiu d·J8A1UAN1111n1ti1 UIBl111AAil aotfiUl111UIIli11TIHtNiRfim~ '
14 %
-
-30-
' ~t!li'lf1''!1ltl.l1 q
~UTI11ii11h~
!1118
u ~ TI~n1unau
,{ r::, ' .... D111n ~ !laH 1it!ftfi1111~A1
1.
? ".
3.
'i~~~m~ a a ~n mm ~~
i'A~unml a ~n~ ~u ~'l ' .;'., .( .... .... ~
M1~UR1~1iUAD1111AA1A1~·R1 A~U •
42 %
40 %
16 %
2 %
,{ r:, ' ..... ' ~Uil1~1iURD1111AA1 IR11ND11Dilll~N1 - A11N81111a~~N1' X 100
' A111J81'lfi01Hin
4.
5.
6.
-
,..
-
J 111\~ T1 1 3
-31-
., DiHHlVfl1"i~1RU
-
-32-
~ mwn 14
J n1wn 15
-33-
[
-34-
cv I c:::-AI ~
~d~~~b1JeJ~U STON[v-&R~
Q 0 f{
- ~~1~D~ 42 z - ~CUT1'li1,h ~ 40 i.
d
- CV\~!}i:b'tl~~ 16 7. a"~
- 1bb\1u,n~cu 2 z ~
CON[ :> { 1200 ·c ) 'Vf(91(9ld 14 7.
9.j em.
9.5 em.
9.0 em.
-r-
-
-35-
[
-36-
.,j 111\Ul 18
J ll1Wtl 19
-37-
... ... n-11 Rfl~tt·l1UIL N:: n 11 !11'1 ~ 1t·1 1u
I
-38-
7
-39-
\
-40-
~ ~ ""' ' n11Du1tl~1u"atluwun •
~ !U ... qj iffo..J 4 !U ot.> ..,j...., 1 !;;; G"'i
1UH111U1J1tiltlH11 ULUUH8URU LW110~lU~IHBffiO·~ ~1HIHH11TIUUUU1D • •
!:: q, I :io.J !i.) J. ""' ..., !i.J I<J <;e
n 111~ llHUl!'Himtl ~111ifil11h1'HA 1~ SKETCH Lil HMl!lmlA<illll'Hln'HAltAU!l'l.H • •
o i.J I li.J... "oi
lMDH11nl texture Ml slip U11tl1HHHUAHUAt1MN'IL10U
~~~tfiu SKETCH N1H~.R lA81;LilA11B~MTIU1M SKETCH ' ~ ~
1010d11tl~RfiUilU1~t ;Hi1~LilM118~AU;11818AlN SCALE 1unn1d1u i~uciiu ' ~ v G J. v v~ v ! .,!
AHUH11TIU1tl1UUUL.11 LNH1MA1N SKETCH UI11~A111A VOLUME 1M.NU1ffiNlnn • • •
-41-
i.J JL> i.J. .. i.J .. J ""' ~1WL111~n1n1,nM~B~LM~BU lRa1dLM~BUlMIU 5 IN1nBrnMn~ 1200 B~~1
' . ::'I !t.>. 41 I ""' • • •
L~ILI8d 1MU1dR1LHiBU11n B11113dUd1tl 111q ~1n1n11ftRIB~RH WIOU1N1 •
"'l ' J "'!~ -I iBBn1~Rl IWHM11ftiMN10dNnU41U 11nNHn11ftRIH1 1M •
standard spar 42 %
Calcium carbonate 23 %
Talcum 8 %
China stone 8.2 %
Quart 18.8 %
' ~~;,u <semi mattl ~~1~ti1
-42-
~~uiu1un11ri11~;au '
~ "" ' "': <II ........ ~l ... "-' "' .... < .... ! ..;. 'lfiDhU11HI'1 o'Jl'll!ll rHHIU~fllliti~~ I U!! I f'D'lllU'li~De!Uli!Hl 'l'rlli.J'!lllnffl11 U'rl'l
' ;
1tJ 41 "-' .... .J.q~ ... .... .... .J. ... ... RH111lMU'rlNR11NIM!!D1UI01AD~Un1NNM1lNIM!!n1
v ;o I ' ' <lj "-'
UR1Uill1'rll\!11RflDU!!U ; ;
.... ~ 41 ..., .... ~ ll1111lMI R11NNUU11111 M'lHR11N'rlUM1UIU11~1•
; ' ..... !::! .... l 1..., ~ .... .... J ,.,. .,. ~ ~ .....
D'l'iih AI] I W 1 'lo;; e l!lll 1'1 n!i'l\!1 I'•IUl •ll UWI !1 ll A U'rl 'hill H 1''1 N llmD 'J'.H I UJICI 'Jrrlrl Nil c; <; ·; D ' ' "" ' "" .... "-\ .... .... . ""' .... ., ......... Jl "' 41 .... .... J
~;~·~ -n ··lfH b lltl! ~·~ ll ~ ~ ~ !1 f!l! n 'I l!.t~1 H'iHV:::: ~ f.l El1 nut 1m '1\-lllll~ tlYl~ rltHU'i'l il ·Jl R~ tlllf.1 llJ1 iJ lilft1 ;
' ""·: 41 ... .... ..... .... ,j
10d1D1MUliRHDUiil'l•RHN1NRWnruTI
41 <.c. r,;:. "-' .... .... <II .,. .... {
IABDU1~1UU1NDMUR1ND•1Nd1RM18d111RN111llll•I11Rll•M '
.,_....., o>j .J. I "-' ..... l ;~ <lj lV..... ;,j 41
H1NR.dUUR'r11~11\NUU~HR'rlllD1MIIl•llllU1\HHDU1RR4U RD '
It) I <t.' .... .J.,. ........ ., l ~ Q>
nallill ~ I Bases Group) 1 >nlll IR nnumJfn~d>J UA ltWrn ·1 11 a" 1 un:n a rn 1< • 'l ; ;
:.j .... f !t.l<t.> "-' i I 4l l ~ !t) I ~ lill8Ni1trl'l8 ~·11t!YlHITI'lllnii1TI<itUiHl1tiVTI Ro \\HI R 0 oil'J1!!1\6l!lll111llii il"il'' • iPbo! (!\a 0' •
..... ..... l rcaOJ ~lnau~un1il'A (Li 0• •
1111111
l. ISodiu• Oxide>
.J ""' • ..... .._. ..... ~ !t) l ' "-' <II D181A~AAHHNH•H1H1UHrnMnU1!1 Ull11JH1BRld~!!IOUR11UUD1li14UHDll11ll1~~1Hl!
'i , '11 ,
41 J "" "<< i !t) I
"'l1A•Hd'i1U1onaun1MlTIIRBNHHH1iiM 1nun
Soda Feldspar 'Na 0 •
10!1,0'
Al 0 f'. 3
Cllet ll·iJtllfl'l •0.5 Na 0 . 0.5Ca0 S.iO ' • • ~ ,,
Sodium Chloride •:Na,Cl' lll\'llfHRiHl!lllliHJ
-43-
2. <Potassium OXide> . ~
1'11\nl1
J ~ ..... ""'~ ..... .<! .... ! ~ . ~ !i.l .. ' .....
nLtlUR1AM1iMIB~HOi'IH NaNtl1•11'1DI111TID13R1R1~111 Na2
0 1~1'11<MLMIJUIMHR1
!i.l .... <lj .... ._, ~ I ..,j I .J !oJ
U83H• W1LM6DULI1MR11UNUU11111 UTI~U1~UIODURHI111TIATI1U .11~1HII8U1'11n
Potassium Feldspar (K.o . Ak.o.
Potassium Carbonate !K 0 CO l P. •
GSio~!
3. .;. ~ .. '
(Calcium Oxide) (Caol IUU01i1'1LNUHD1U ' <il !J I V .., iiJ I .qj I I <U I !i.l..,j I I I
I A I u Ulli'HI >11\\ L llflA 1'1lJW11! 1'1111A [I 11-, 'l TIM TI 1\1 II i10 '!l\1~ Bll '1 1 fiA n 1 ill!'! 01A il 'l'iA 1 ·l il flll
4.
Calcium Carbonate •caco • • Calcium Feldspar <cao. AI. o •. GSiO.•
Dolomite •caco . KgCO l • •
<Magnesiua Oxidel <MgOl
'
' !i.l <II ..,: ..., ..,: ""' IV V <il
AIHNIHI18 1tiLAIHU1~-i LHN11111MIR1IIIOIWUR11NNU111 UR011f1ULRRDD1~ •
! ~ .... . !>)~ 4 ..1 \>.1 ..... '
!1'11~LU\1~1llm!'ll4 'liln111llnUilii·l1tHAflilU ii11U/~Df!UI1't\\ KgO 11HIIl
Magnesium Carbonate (MgC00
l
Dolomite (Caco •. KgC00
1
5. um1auaan't'll'~ <Barium Oxide) <BaOI Lj!!.rhilRlA\1ilclJHI"rn~ '
<:II ' .... .... J .... v ' 1liLRiHliJhJii·< lli11'11J)Jl!llllcn1 rl"''ithenaun1t1 BaD '11F!D
' Barium CArbonate (BaCO i
0
Bar i urn Chromate
-H-
6. <Lithiua Oxide) (Li 0) e 1 DtHcharnft
' J ~ t~u iJ JJ ~~~it 'i r1 n1 m.Jn >) tw 1 ,J )J 'l n
..... "" ~ .., lj.l ' .... ..,
1HM1dLWDtLBHUDD.1N11D1MWHIIJ'IHU1d '
I ~ ..1 :<) 'V
~·1m 3-8 1 1n1uu •1•ti1~nuun1A Li.o 1nuri
Lithium Carbonate 'Li CO • 3
Petalite ILi O.Al.o, . 8 siO.'
Lepidolite ILiF.Al.o, 3Si0 ·, •
7. <Zinc OxideJ <ZnO) \~Ui1H~1RMHbUB•H1D1U '
• J .• ' <Jj .,.,
AHH~ltHilBHll LRBDUWIH
" v .. 111 .11n1A ZnO RH Zinc Oxide
8. <Lead Oxide) <PbOJ 1 DuiihHf11mHHlll!l~i11~1E
litharge •PbO'
Red Lead •Pb.o,>
White Lead '2Pbro, . Pb ron'.'
.. ~
Lead Silicate A1il~1~
'
~ ' ' Hillil!'lilan'l'iin • •.Al 0 •
• 3
" ' ~ !H1nililllt'ii8
1.aa~u1 Alumina 1Al0
03
1 •
"
-45-
<sb
' "" "'""' .... .._. 0 <II I AD~ Ri11lill U!11 \Iii 'I 'iih UFI 'I TI ii'lllll H !1 ti iJ it~11iu1n1~1•ria1~~~MLA~aui-111
" i WWI\!11'1 'l ~ IW ~ ll !1 1-t R 'l'tlll'i\llt 'l 'l 'I Tl !1\! 'hili ·l l \Z11 R 11 N ll ~·ill n ~ -l ll a • tl nVtUWIIll 'J
' 'lliTIHt~R;HU 11U~t1i1un11UHili1Lti\!LH;HU1~iit1~d1 ooffu1\!lll'l1ioa~~1~t
• • I ">> ,f ...1 Jl.i ""I V I
flD1!11i'lWll~ 0.1-0.9 iiNIHlB f<'l1tl'!en;nm1\HH11l\!1 'lf>l!~ll " 'll 'll
Alumina 1Al0
03
'•
Kaolin <Al,o, 2SiOE: 2H~O!
Feldspar 'KNaO. Al.o, 6SiO '1 • Benlonile
Py rophy lite
I Boron Oxide I
i1B1Un1'liR1RMHHUiOi1D "
.,.j "-' <U I "-' <1j ""' > "-' \ "-'-..I ...1 111 TII~o til B 1!1\!D ·ll(1JlilRil 1 '!'h!iR 1 TI il i l AMI U1\!EIU!Milllll 'I II f1 ei1o1 \HlWI lfHI!l
" <
fil~\1/l~£i·i ~ •iJ 'I
IAnti•ony Oxide I 1Sb031
" ;nmi1'lil ... ........ • ..... .. ..., .J 'i.J .. :
NRW.NUH1Uil1'Jll11M~RIBU!lUll.t!l1d1Uil11lARBUl~R1 '
• 7He0) Sodium Antimonate (2NaSb03
miun111 (Acid Group> 1ilnn~ir-inwu .. ...! qj .... .-... ..:,
M1Hli11nURW.UUA~~UH1A ' ' v
L~U1AMRHNB•I1B1~d~iuuaoHnlll11MHi1 ' ' ~ ,_
~ t~lJf1'!.-JJJU TI 'l
'
-46-
(SnO ) e
" u1u lt~n 111 ~~~n 1 Tina anu1{Qifl~ un~~~ 1 '~ lt at ' ' '
" ~R;ilU1~H~i1111=1oH1B~11;~1B UI1~11;Mlll ~M;ilU1HnU't~ •
(Silica) ' ... Q.O.... ....
UArn~UU~1Ull11LWU1RUIRUie61B " !H~ 1111 'l\11i cl TI fl ~ch
' '
•
Feldspar iKNaO •• u.o, . 6SiO,I
Spodimene tLi.o . Al.o, . 4Sio,•
.. ' 2.i!Ull88il'l'll'>t (Tin> •
Tin Oxide (Sn02
J
Stanic Oxide
<Titanium Dioxide>
Bt·own rolourl
ll'Jl'lll
'i\ ]lea 1 in"'
~ ·• !l!l~~ ZnO nWHJ~l!.rJJJ'fflllllll
-47-
<Zirconiua Dioxide)
~ o.,j I """"' I qj
l1UU1i~RH111.iUHH01~LN01 IV ~ .{ qj I qj ~ !i) ~ 1
URD11rLti81lALUDNHD1tlA810H1~1MWIMHDHll ' v '
1~1~Ht1ULH;Hu1~~·1ulo1it •
Zirconium Dioxide
Zirconium Silicate (Zr SiO I 4
4!1.o'!U4 ..........
fl11n11~Ufl1M1~LAI~U~~~~aH~~1~1at •
-..j -'OIIJ ,..., w <II ... ..... J .... ~ llil fl'l 0 ii 'BL!l1 ~ 'l 1 fHI -J n 1'l1 \1 L fHI o Ull111 1in A'l!1ilmMIIm1·1
~ ~ 'l 'I
'"-' ! ' !1.> ........... ~ MHHNRlll 1111ilN11Dl111RM61B'IDMtU
J '"-' I I ....
1. lll1Ul1 Sio4
AlB Bo, UR1NR11LHU 12 ~
2. L~li~W!'iii-JUTiiHHtiH~L m
~ ' " uWi'lii'lt!Dtl HIDH~ L ll!
!iJ .....~... I o .......... I I !i) -J.-
4. 1rHUNIU1Hl1NR11N11~HH11l11J~n1B'1NlHH11 L.U 1r Li unu "
+ Na
~ v ~
M1H1rHUNIU1JIMI101H'I ' .
.,] v 5. ll !H!!HilWil 0
•• um!WJB BeF2
' umh "rrnii
-,18-
Dl'H~~[Jn\R~ilU mllnn·l Dl'!!i'll~nnmil·J'] 11llliiR1 wlil-i fi'H tHIJHTI'l ' '
~ ~
f.j'Jf:lfltl
.... jl).,j '"" 4 .:, "" 41 v lU UR•IMI/'i•d'iM1U~ft1UII\M'iiltUAilillN11DIR,BNLAIHU1HR1NRH-iDl1
>
~ " ~ Ill~ ,,Mesh• WiiHeTilJ'lfl 80 lilfl (Mesh' illf>l
" 325 LSJC~ <Meshl ilH1U i!u~;,.l
.. Ol1UillllnHU
' ' • v ~ ' .;; '
1n1tURUlMl81UHtlH,iii6UUDtUH1~U1H .. JJ'i'lWlf~ 6"., 10'' ~
I 'lil'lil'lil
'Ball V >.) I k, I
rnlll ·1 ll"iUi.lEJfll~JJW!tlUWHtHflfl fi'~inl'lf:l\t~ll'i ; )
(Lining .1 ... .;; <11 l't j '"-' lV I-.~.:: I mw.11 ,1 11'J tJ b 1J u tid 1 fi ~ ;:w tl'l lJ tmu u m~ i-1') ·1 JJ 1 'i1 o ,nn1 il Llfl 1m ·1 ~;1\nr~JJ n ,H! l-1
)
nn. 100 nn. 300 nn. u~~ 1 wu.
HJJW:~ n11n ti ~~ 1-\U ·1!~~ -~ rJ ~ ~r:J(~ ~lt i~ ~ n ·1 ~u rll11Hnt~tJi ~a;_~ l J 1:1 n tl 'l '1 U ~ 'I 'i
-49-
(Jar mill>
mrmt~n
a1~11UU11,1~nMUUM1M~a1enU1M LlU 500 n~~ ' ' :! ... .., I q
a1~11n~~L1a1u~~~ UU11a~M10M~10
..1 m"n 22
-50-
.I fl1\liTI 2 3
.. n111J5\ UHH.Ill
-51-
f(J2
.j 111\IITI 25
-52-
..1 fi1\Ul 26
-53-
•
-..a
f\1\IITl 27
-54-
Cone 5
..1 111\U'l 28
-55-
-56-
.. ll11~UtRa8U <Method of Application)
•
4 ...~ .... :.: IL> ...... .. ... I J 4 ll11DUt~aaun~DU6B8U1IT~16tn~UA~1~1 lnUil11DUtAaaU~U1
• • I q, <I J ... ! I <I J ... ....
!Thickness) i~us~nutAaauntw1'luam~~~~1 •1UtAaauntw1'luam~~»•~»n ' • 'I q 'l 'll
~~aauu1~n11tiluRu "~*~~~~uaenunuAna~ti1t~aau~1oLilu~~nd1~m 1iu ' .. ~ .. ..., .. ....... ... ' '1 ""' .....
~~aau~1u 1~aaunu tAaau'l• 1ITDULAaauuu~aanLuu 4 1n ~a
1. inrh~1BLLUH (Painting) .
DU911 U» nu '
UUU']
t mn~n11 ....... .. I ~ .. aJ ...... ~~ 4 V .......
2. 1ITDU~1a•»'lUU1LAil6U (Dipping) ll11DUA1B1ITUU1LAil6URfi~»U1»1lll ' ' ' J ""' .... I ~~.~::: 4 ' !::! v ~ 4 4 » 11lllnmniUWilR~iii1'1'1An~'l U n 11DU L ~ilfiUURil~AHRfl~~UU 1 L AilfiURil!lA L 1o1 L 118
' ' 'l~'l~ti 1 L ~aauRnR~nauu a:<ri1'l~ 1 A a au~nuaJ 1 L ll'» a ih L iluwaRiim~!l~~ 1 ~nu •nu
' A11n•anti1LAaaunu~1s'luL~oriau
' ' ....... I 4
waR~m1'1'lUL1a1nUL~aau .... 4 .! v v~ 4
~·~·11ll~ilfiUn1LLil1'lDU1LAilfiU '
n1d1U~LilU188~fi~U'l~~1
....... "1 ... .:o~J ~ .... ~ 4 ..~... ..... v 3. 1ITLn11R (Pouring) LUU1ITnL~lJ1~"1~1UU1LAilfiUnlJU1lJ1WUHB
. .... ... '""' J ... 1.1 U1WilA~ill1'1n•~nU1!l11~UU~1DU~nLR191Jl1lABLa\11~ '
.... I ..... ~.. .....:. !t flil!1'1 (Afl1\IU1~116Ul Uil1U1U1LAanULn11A16U'] n1nu~'l~n1 ll111n11AU••Ln11A
• ~a1n~~'l~ lAs L nn~u~a~~,~~Tiunu~'l~ rh't~uaAiim~~A11»111D~1»~~~u
...... I .. V ... qf I ... I V qj o V ..
111\IU (Spraying) ll11L!HI6UA1B1IT\IU UU11'1AUilA»11l nl'l~LAilfiU
L~»1~d1~i'uuaRiirn~nu1A'l~~ua~waR-;i1u1u»1n ti1LAaau~'l~wuAn
u11»'l~il~auih~'l11 ~~ao'~R1nttnn11wu n11WU~11W!!'lURWU (Spray boothl '" •
u •~ a,. 1 iluiiuR 11 s~ aiiuZ!ii~ nu ~wu•~!l•~n au1 tJ • •
~19WAo»AA'l~a~aa~Wu'I!J11» i1BtlH1nUiJUR119'l~RIIo.»A11 •
""' ... IJ..., v~' waRnml'lnuo»'lnallu
v I o I !1.1 'iJ
a1~u1 a1~aH~I!1
1n~1» 1iluRu
-57-
u . .. !nUnW1n~n11LRanu <Glaze Defects>
a1LH~~n11~~~1HU H1BnBunw1B1L~H1nUil11L~asu~u ~Ha188B1~ ~1UU
11 L ilu~1<i1RQI ua~~ihnoA11~~1111!1R1Ro'I!J~
.. I I .... !I ... L0
1. DBUHW1B~W~LnM~1HLU8MUflu <Defects due to the body)
(Wedging> <air ~ ..
buble1 1u~u L~B
o I 4 4 J .... V I .q, ~ CLJ o V .... ~ ~ U11tlWULAa8UUa~LW1L~a8U81il1~fi81A11BR,URUil~~RU88il~1 fi1,HLilRLUU1LD~
• • v'": 'f ..., ...., ..., , v ..., ...,
1.2 1DU1Wa~LU8RU~1ilLilU1tl1UDil!~U1RRU fi11HLilRA1l~W1UR1,U '
!1.1 .... ~ .... .... • v ~ 1. 3 ,Da11tl1nilflll~1il1Ua wa~,ULU8RUlJ1ilLilU'Itl 81~fi1,HLU8
~uLilu~~ <Blisters) 1RH~1'1tl'l~ '
• ' .. . .... .... .... LlJ8U1'1tlLW1,U81l!HillJa1~~LilRil11HAR1 Uo~ ' . .
..... 0 ll,.l""' .. v D818R1fi11HW1L~o8UD1D1~'1A
'
.. I "'- ....... I 4
2. IBUUW18~LnM~1fi1Ufi11WULRi8U (Defects of Application) . . ..
2.1 il8Uil11WULAa8U v
A111~W81U1HlJ1R1 oUW1W~Rnll!~Laensu ~" •
2.2
V I 4 ...
2.3 fi1WULAa8UHU1~ULilU'Itl
-58-
.. 4 ll.l I o V 41 ""L> J VI
H~fl L ~ eJ L 1ll1 L Ail eJUH \HfleJIH W 1 n1'l1H RileJU"ilR eJ on'11flWil!ill11l!l'l'l!i! ~ 1 B •
""' ........ tJ .. ~ ~ v ll) 0 .. ., ~ 2. 5 I lll!'l1llWiH1111l!'l"'nL RiloU'!URHmHHil1 Hll11!1~1 I AileJUoll 1!1
.. ' -LRileJIJ'l~'l~lll1~lll!
2.6 L~!il'l1llll11LW1ill~;~'I~L=I!i1 Hi1ti1~1~\!LRiiollLilB ri1'l;L~li11'1i •
~ ' 3. Daun~1S~11HH111H1 <Defects Originating in Firing> "" ""' .... 'J' .. ~ ' . IJ ..... ....... •
3.1 Lll!i1.1llWil!ill11l!'l"'nWI!LAaeJIJLi1'l'l"~1 1!1LD1L!ii1LW1nl!n~n'l~n1
'l;LnRn11'1"ai1 <Crawling> 1i~1B J ' ~ ...
3.2 fl111W1nL1~L11Lll!!'l!l v
ri1'l;uiiaiuti1ae~n~1 ~n••ri1'l;~1
v
iu u•~u1LAaauri1'l;~"~u'li "' ll) v .. .:.. • Q_.O.J
3.4 ll111W1lR8L~W1~L!ii1U!la U1'l~LW1LR!l!l!J!il~ll1 W1llfl1~~UI!n
' "' • ll) <II ..... v e~s'luuna••n1'l"LRaoU~1'1R •
4. <Defect in Glaze
": 4Jov .... v ..... ~""ifv .j, 4.1 1!11Ailo!ln't~'!!i!UllU11JU1~'l"l"~1~llllii!BRI! I! IBodyl IUo\!1 • •
... v ... """ .. -: 41 4 ..... ..... 1 !l 1 Rae~un1'l" 1 n!ilu H L Au~n BU!iln"1" nu'luu 11 A a au 1 uo ~•1n o!il nn 1 1"!il!i11
~ .. J ..... .. ~ ..... 4.3 1!11Roolln't"o!i11U1ll LU!ll1il1LW1fl~·Ra!l!il1 . '
4 ~ D
I RiloU••'I"il!i!W'lB ri1'l;Wa!ilflll!~fii!I~B"1B'Ii .. i1_oV4
Kaolin LWo o~nu'l~'l"IR!lo!J'I"au1n
4.4 u11Riie~u~~R11u~1 LnR•1na!il11d1une~~e~a~u1nu~an1'1~~"~1~ •
' ~ 4.5 Hl1LIIIJ
'"TI1,ML~aBUD1D1" '
-59-
4.6 Ln~•1nH11U~~1L~aBuo•LB8~111HLnu1u ri1,MLn~1L~II1~ •
.... ~ .... J!;' !iJ • &I """ ... '
4.7 LH~·1HU1L~oBUfift~l1U1U n1,"LHRH11~o18~1DB~~11~11UB
L U~ ua• Organic matter W~llnUBB ifn•n ntH iluuii~~u1~ •
n. n1111u (Crazing) v ' . ..
n. Hl11BUBBHDB~U1L~oBU (Shivering)
~. 1L~IJ (Pinhole) •
n. n1111u <Crazing> v ... 1( ...
L n~ iitn 1HH nn 81Bif1 DB ~lh L ~a BUU a• L UB~Uifu1~ L rhfiu
v
~U,Moii"UU n 1a ~~ u L ~~~ BoUU 1iH1 u ••W1BUi'U,M 1 niln 11L "II 1" au iiu1~ •
v . . .. D. H111BUBBHIB~U1LilaBU (Shivering>
J """ ' s: .... ~ll"ilfiLH~H111BU,UU1L~oBU
' ... ..., !I' ... .... 4 I I ....
1. LHii.1HH11"ilil1nB1LUBiiUHUL~oBU111Lfi1HU
"" ,... I <11 .., v 4 '""" 3. WiliiiUI!?IIJ~1111111Ui11UBB lfUL~oBUtiJil~
' '
' ... ""' ... ' ' 2. n1~111J••B1iiW1UiliiHW?IHBUH111'fU
' 3. BB1LU1~u (Biscuit> •~Lnu1u n11MifULRaBu1~RR . '
-60-
' " M. H11tHM1tiU <Pinhole) •
~U1Hn~1t~H1 ~~O~UUW1t~aBU U~fl1tO~WB~~1tilu11~~ tienl1 • •
o V.... .... I .. 1,.1._, V .... ftiO ~ Blister n11~u1~e1u r1t~~~n~~1nr11U1~BH1~tus1~1U"11U1au~•tn~unrnu
' _J "'"*..., • ~ I I <I ""' ~ ~ <I tnu w1nnu~u!lu (Lime stone) 11~"aen'l'lf~ ~1atn~<1n~~u!lamJasu1uu1t"'HlU •
i~an11~taearn~n~asn'l!l ' .
.. - -~- tMaauunna1aan•1nnu <Crawling)
UB~t~u'I~DMtilufi1~U t~aBUR1BBH~1nnu r1L~~<1n ' J. .... ~ <II .., ~ ""' qv
1. tUB~~1HH11LH1B~1DB~U1LRoBUHULUB~UUUo8
2.
3.
CONE
-61-
<CERAMICS COLORANJS)
<pigments ~;~ stains! ~t
~ ' 1M1Nnaan1~M <CHROMIC OXIDE)
t iluih~1i1a1uu Hih~tit
010 ~·"Ii1iu~ta'~"lu
... ' 1A1~tUBNA11U~L\!~
"
. <STRONG COLORANT! n11~1UtRa~u1W~10l1
U~n 11 ~"!\! L Aa~U'IWa' t~B"li1i L DB 1 U onB1i1i~ 1~ lll •
UllBL~oHIA1LNR <FeCr04
1
..1 ~ LUlnaw~nN Cone 012-010 ~·
' . <VERMILION REDI U1L~1~ml!~il~ Cone 06 ~•'l~i~1~1auon•
' . <CALCINE I
•
-62-
' ' lftuaa~aani~M \Cobalt Oxide>
~tlua11~'l~~1UU1~~a~ <Strongest colorant) ' '
0.5
•
J ~..... ..... . ' ' n'lunu~naa'lu1tlna~IRuaa~R11Ua~uR
• • \CoC0
3)
' . naiUM~aani~M \Copper Ox1del
~'l ~i'iuiin L tluna~utH a an 'lli~a~ 1 <Black copper oxide or Cuprice
oxidel CuO na~u~~aan'lli~au~~ <Red copper oxide or •
Cuprous oxidel .. _, I
a~1n1~LR~ Ra cu_o ua~'lu1tlnatu~~R11UaiUR (Copper . " . v .. U1LW1'lUf111~~il1
""' ~ 41 ~ I ~ I v~ ..,. H1R~1n I HUIIil <Oxidizing) Uile'ln'l1HRiliiUR~n1 1-6 L Ui11 ~ lillR 1e'l~ll ~ na1
tLatl1ila ~iaaLno1'lu~~1 U1'l~'lu~1LRaauiiaR1'1a~ <Alkaline glazes> ~~
1lil;n~aan1li~a~ ~a~auu1uaa1 ua•1~~R•ff1~iila~n•aiian1li~uua8 1w1'lu • • • Jq &.0 41 .qj ~ 1.1~ I 'iJ
o'm1•n~R1U~1il~a1n1A'Ui181 \Reducingl ••'lRaUR~ (Copper redl 1/~'l!li'iu
3 •
(Flux l ~ v
LllHUil8
" ' 1"anaani~M (Iron Oxide>
• iron oxide>
.. .. <iR1n1~1RU Ra (Black iron •
• Fe,o. .. Ra
' ' v 1/tU1'l~'lULRaaufi11'1U1•'l~au1~1ilUR~ oxideJ
......... ' ~ ' 1~o'lnnuu1~~1m 5-10 1tla11liuR
-63-
~11 IPurple red> (Gold fleck> u~ih~w11ml'm1~81 v ~ I v~ .,.
ll1~U88 IReductionl LRanaan'l-~1•'lR~LD81UUUI•~~~au (Pale green of
ceradonl R1a~LD81UUin1
.. I un~n1Ui1Maan'I~M <Manganese Dioxide>
v.., ..,. I «o~ <1
'lrinu1u1UDa 111~ ~n 1Ua''l~ 8 an'!•~ I Manganese Dioxide> il~ 1nH 1 ~~ An • • .. ... ' ..,. ..
Mno. R1nU~41l1Uil ~11U81U~ !Manganese Carbonate> il~1n1tl!l~ ~a •
I ~ I v Mnco, 'l~u,.~,m 5-10 1Ua11nu~ 1•1ii~1IHilt~th~1• u~n1'lffuiw1m~,n
1 iitt'l u-,~iiw~rh'lilw 1 1 R~ au L ii~ii 1RilL iluwa ta 1n ~~ n ,, ~'lu1 R~ aut~a~R 1 '!a~
q q I un1naaan'l~M <Nickel Oxide>
nickel oxide> i1~1n11 • .. ..
LRIJ Ail '.a .. -; .
Nio ua•aan'ln~n11a~1 !Black nickel .. ..
oxidel a'~1n1tLRIJ ~il •
"' """ .... ' ~a un1na ~11Un~U~INickel Carbonate>i1~1n11 •
... .. LAIJ An NiC0
3
.. .a.. ... <1 I ~ll nURIJLL~ llU I 118 !Magnesia)
v
~ti~~~• ~~~au~ii~mluati~1e !Lime> ••'lil~~~~~•u~~ ua•ih'l~nu~tn•~aan • •
!Zinc oxidel ••'lil~~~~1u ihml1~'l•'l~~aeil~1u 1~B~11U'l~iinLiia
~.... """ .... ' ' .:! ' .. ' ... v ""' .q, 11nue ~'lliun L naaan'l•~ 5-10 1 ua 11 nu~'li!L Aaauu·~ta 8 H 1 ua'lR L n~n nRnwa n
..... ... t':i '"" v 4 ! unLnaaan'l•~u'l~U811'lli'luLRaau'l\11~1
... I 'ln~niUDII'lMaan'l~M <Titaniu• Dioxide>
dioxide> iiR1n1t~Rii ~" •
-64-
.. I 8L1LU8Daan1~M <Uranin• Oxide> •
.... .. I)) u .... .,. un~U~4 <Orange red> ~UU4L,.,a84~•U11 (Lemon yellowl U11~nuRun ITinl
ua•LnahALiie~aanl'li~ <Zircomium oxide> ~·~~~~1HLI-la84B-i1ulll~uii4~
J !U,... I
n1~nuae1u11l~84 Black uranium oxide IU02
I ua• Sodium uranate • •
INa 0-UO J e o ~
use <Reduction I -; <II v ..,. IJ v~.... ' !1.1 v ~Da4LAaauuan~1n~•1~11HH11L~»aanl'li~n1"~~4na11»1Ua1 811~·~~
~1nn111iaan1'1i~~,;~i4u~ z i1lu11l»1w•ufiu l~B1;,~a~u~n~14aan11lli
g ' ' ~ ' q
aan'l'li~ LU81L'11U~ aomn» U7191HlK1U ' •
HlHIIl
Color Oxide Percentage Temperature Atmosphera
Cobalt q
1'1HU11e1H1K ~1 1-2 nn aomnu ' ' • '
black Manganese 2-4
Cobalt 1 q
Iron 8 n n a omn » fiHU11BlHlK ' ' • '
Manganese 3
~ ~, '\ ~ ., -· ·\\ 'II
\1l~'t~-~ •'~L ~~ rn th .. \; ~n~-::,, ,j"iffJJ•iJJiJ:~r~
-65-
a ' I ~ I ~
~~n1'li~ ~!l~1~'lil!~ Btl!IUl~ una1n1!1''lu ' •
fl1HW1
Color Oxide Percentage Temperature Atmosphera
": ~ ~
nnuna1n1!1' 1!1~~~~ Cobalt 1/2-1 nn ~omn~ ' ' • '
blue Turquoise copper 3-5 ! ~1 Oxidizing
<Alkaline fluxl '
State blue nickel 1-3 111 Oxidizing
(with zinc)
v ~
1!1il1ll Rutile 5 nnoomnu Reducing ' ' •
' brown Chromium<with MgOl 2-5 ill nnuna1n1!1'
' (ZnOl
~
Oxidizing Iron 3-7 nn~wlln~
' ' • Manganese 5
~
nn~w11n~ nnuna1n1!1' ' ' • •
Nickel \with zinc) ~
nnuna1n1!1' 2-4 nnm•11n~
' ' • '
~ ~
Oxidizing IDB1 Copper 1-5 nnmu11n~
' ' • ~
Reducing green Iron 1-4 llOBIMilll~
' ' • '
Nickel 3-5 ~1 Oxidizing
Chrome-Tin pink ~
Oxidizing u~~ 5 nn~tllllll~
' ' • '
red Coral Chroaium 5 ~1 Oxid.izing
(With high PbOl
Purple ~
Oxidizing manganese 4-6 nn mlltlll~ ' ' •
(with K NaOl ~
Reducing Copper 1 nnutllllll~
' ' • '
Iron (high SiO.l, 2-5 ill Oxidizing
(K NaO,CaOl
-66-
~ ' ' ~ ' ~
rlrJfl'lli~ LUB1L'liU~ rl!IIVI/1~ u11B1n1A''lu ' •
fl1HW1
Color Oxide Percentage Temperature Atmosphera
~
U1!111liU~~ Iron 2 ~
nns!IIVIIlU nnuna1n1A' ' ' • '
tan Manganese 2 ~
nnml!VIIlU nnuna1n1A' ' ' • '
Rutile ~
nnu11a1n1A' 2 nflB!IiVI/lU ' ' • '
.. ' IVIllrl~ Antimony 5 il1 Oxidizing
yellow Uranium (with ~
Oxidizing 5-8 nnrJil!VIIlU ' ' •
Alkaline glaze
Tin Vanadium stain 4-5 ' nnBil!VIIlll nnuna1n1A' ' ' • '
J mwn 29
-67-
~ mwn 30
-68-
..1 flTWfl 31
-69-
v ..1 DRAWING wa~1U~Un 3
J mwn 32
-70-
.... J DRAWING ua~1unun 4
~ mwn 33
-71-
..a m\lln 34
-72-
~ il1\lln 35
-73-
.l fi1\IITI 36
-74-
.... ... ... ~ CHH11UlU6lU ~UTI 3
-
.I ll1\H1 37
-75-
... .. ... .I IHH1U51U51U WUn 4
~ fl1Wn 38
-76-
-77-
~ fl1\1Tl 39
... ... ~
~1U~W1j~U ~UTI 1
(
.a m~n 40
-78-
... .a •31\H W1~U tUn 2
~ .fl1\lft1 41
-79-
... ~ ~ ~1ULW1~ll nun 3
[
..a m"n 42
-80-
... ... ..a ..S1ULs.I1~U ~Un 4
,. 7 I ....
.,j 1l1Wn 43
-81-
.. ~ .,j
-.31ULU1MU iun 5
-82-
..1 lJ ..1 n1wn 44 : ~1u~un 1
~ mwn 45
-83-
-84-
~ fl1WTI 46
.l 111un 47
-85-
-86-
v
-87-
..1 'U'YI'YI 4
R11U1inD~~D1~L~1 BBOU1LilU~1Utl1~~ •
2.L1ou1DURBUfl11n1~1U UiZfl1111~UUU,Ufl11ri1~1U •
"v~,. v,. .j,Jo: . 3.L18U1n~uij~1 ua~uu1n1~,un11un1nuqM1nLn~nu1un11n1~1u
• 4.n1,"ri1~1ULilU1~UU Uo~LilURUR1~~BL1o1
... Ill .... ' ""
3.n1R8~fl11,DBUfl1~DB~ft1R1f1 •
. J ... ... .. ' v J ILl ... ... '
uazaa,uamwn111'n111>t~1a'l~ n1n11>t'lz'!>tun'ln'l1nau . ' 4 Ill ~ ... ~ ... ~ u
~1ULUB,II'La1.Ui1R11LOU,~L18U188
.P' r
2533.
2527.
-88-
waR ~u1aua,a~~u1znau~a~. 1noiwu1~1un :n1~1n~ ,2531. . '
.,. "' ' . "' ~ ' .... ... U1M1 ~u~n11n1, 1~11una . •01a1n1wu"11no1ao '
HHLn~,
'
HH L n~, '
HHIH~,2534. '
Rainer Crone and Siegfnied Salzmann,Rodin Eros and
Creativity. Kunsthalle : Bremen.November 1991-January
1992.
-89-
"" ... 4 ... fl1A1W1~A1B~~AoBUAUL~1
Rw~~w~u~a~ ~"1ins1as~au1n1
~aiinR'mn u1eo's~\11 n11t1ii11111 ' '
~aa1111D~A1UR~~atluwun . ' ' ""'"" ... ' B1<118B11< U1R81\IU11
'
" ' ' 111HH1'IMatlU11U11
1. ~a1R1ifi11~auuwuu ____________ ~;~n~w~u _____________ (fl11t11nel
--------------~A--~R~o=•~a~n~t~i~c __ R~e~la~t~l~·o~n~s~h~l~·p~ ________ (fl11t1~~nq!tl
.j .. q
LAHl~LRilBUAULW1
Bll"nij 1200 Bi"1LnoL~Bii v ..
11181WLRoau SEMI MATT --·--· _,-.I ".1. q- .. .. ..
4. R11~o1R~uaan~1DBiu~"1nn1n111<Buaa/"1an11aanuuu/"'Ian~1DBiUU1
R11~AA!i11io'11~ "1au1W~11Ui1U~ilUB
-90-
R!letho111aa~~iiuua~iiu 'l~R11~Bmiu 1ilu ·---' ""' v ~ &;
~RI1~~UnHtR11~1HUaBR11~Ufl"U -· ·-..,._. 4 4 v I
5. UU1TI14H111~8Ua~/111Bfl11!l!lflUUU/111BUU1TI14fl11~114~11R~1~UU1R11~
RR11~au~n~1n1taau•
~ '~ ~ .l.; .: .j ' .j, La8UUUU11 HaUBB1~1aBUUUU1UTI14TIIUUHa1tTI111U LWBU~R4Ufllt~11TIBD'IU . ·-
1 I ... ,... I !! .. ift~ 111 u 1nn 11~" La nwmuanttm•1ilonHn 1nm"na1if 1uu L u•aailuua tn=a
IH11!lntanttm=na4Uitlt~ aau=~t1~1Jn11Lanuuuun11UD1~Lil8~14 U~LilUA1 •
u ' ~ fl11~114~11R41U14U~il4!l!lfl~1
~1~R11U1an ~1uniiun1~ Riliinttm•D!l4 1UTIH L~U u1~1il1 anttm=ih 1!~4 • • •
L41 U1Lil~td1UU1Bfl!IU'IU41U u•~U-1Ufiu~;1Bri1TI14DB4.18, 11i1 ~tU~R~
il!lfl04R11UUHWU U1Lfi~t~il'IUH11.11H1Uaau•'luuu1 ABSTRACT •
aau=
v 1. 11U11~D!lUa
• 2. v ' aanuuu•114.11R1UTI1t
• 11 ~ .j 3. 111LU8RUTIL\nl1~•u
.. ..1 4. TIRo!l4LRoBUTIL11U1B.U
5. D818 nht UU'IU1UD!l 4~1! ua1U11ULU1~U • •
6. u
LRaBuilutlu
.. 7. Tl1fl11 Lll1 LRo!lU
u ..... ........ ... "' v
7. 1BB~L1o1D!l4DU~!lU'iUH111~8UoB/111Bfl11!1BflUUU/111B1B8BL1o1'1UH11.114
u ~
1. 11U11~nil~oUoBUU1R11~RR 1-3 •
v ' 2. aanuuu~11t.11R 4
5-6
-91-
4. DB181UUUUDB~~U 7-10 • ~
5. !~1i1U 11-12
6. !R~BU~U~1U 13 ..
7. !~1!R~BU 14
8. ii'lil 15-16 '
10,000-15,000 u1n
~ . ... ... 9. ~onR1R11~~tM1U
Liluti1~~~1H11~oBBM1 !LUU
wnwu1~~i1~n1nnu~~~ u~·1~nn11n1~1ua81~u1•uu n11unu~"1 ua~n11 -· . v
A 1UR~ ifulilau!ii 1~1 ---· ....... ..1 J [il
10.!BHii11U~•wa~1U1~Bn!H81DB~
naR ~»!ii»a,a~~il'l~nauaa~.1nn1wu1w1un : n1~Lnw,2531. . ' "" ' .. .. ... " v ... ' n1 W'l»WQ~Q,LR1B~LR~BURULW1LUB~IiiU. IBLRBUiillil'l: H'l~!nW,2533
' "" .... ' . "" ' ' .... ..... U1R1 W»WD11D1,!D'l1»Hii.~Q1a~n'l~U"11n81o8: H1~LnW,2527 ' ' .f...,/~ ..... LO ... "" ....
ii'lKHR 1n~8WUIT,U1LR~BULR1B~UURU!W1.1ne1WU1W1UU : H'l~LnW, 2534 ' ' Rainer crone and Siegfnied Salzmann,R.odin Eros and
Creativity.Kunsthalle : Bremen.November 1991-January 1992.
-92-
~
11~ 1 a1~ e" L lin ii'u~ au'lun 11ri1L1a"u 1nn1~n111h~ L iiu!la
~auuwu~ 1~"uui~1uw~~
w.fi. 2534
a1"U ~-~ iit~iimt~ il11UIJUR~11! 1"""'1a1 Vlll18Lil~
'
ULnfin11ri1~atluwu~ .. 1 ~. K. - -R.K.RB
2 ' ~ ~ ' LHI!B1111R11il11 ~UI!Wilfi R • I(. - 118lu'11RH
3 w•11W1R111lL\lll1"HilnB~ R. K. - R' ~ ' n11 atluwun
1RHil11 ~ ~ .. -4 »Bilo tLI!1Riil ll1Btl1n1J1 R.A. -• .. ll1BUI!1n1~'lun11Bonuuu
' 5 U UU11 ~ LIWI!nll R.A. -
'lUUUUIIanl! •
6 ~ ~ ( LHI!B1R11il11 aUI!W\lll a .1 flBI!L URil1Ril11Rnlt1
v 8811\!BB 20 1\l
7 Blliift1RHil11 B ' il1B'll! 1 auR1" -nsua1n~
' .. .. L UBI! I 18\l
-93-
!l1iiiJ n 11 tlaii~ nu litJJiinltm 1~8•L1!l1 j.l~18LI'IIil
'
A ~ I ~ ~ 1.1 8 011~11-. iiU!!W!!fi RHfl 1 11.1 atJR1,n s -n11Uill!
118lli1
j.l ~ ' ~ ~ 9 n 1 Hl11-, ll U\!11\!fi R"Hn 2 11.2
1.1 j.l ~ 1 .. atl>t11'1n 11 otl!!WI!ti~llll
A ~ I ~ ~ ~~ L ilu w'l~mm 10 n111111' atl!!WI!fi 111~n 3 lil.3 atli11,n 14
11 n11d~Lilna11tl1•nilu a. 2 n1o'lu 2 au111~,;;~ 'tilit1~tl,~
A ~ I atluwu11 -.1ntl1~n1R'No lil.3 n111~,1ino1
iiai.latl1n1i·1 v .. ~ 1118 L HHUIJ
nl!n11~filt1
1•iiutliQ11111
Ul\lftlil ~lin.
tl1•'<i1iln11 v
~nlt1UI!1-11il
lil1~tl1•n11i
Dil~RIII•
