NUTRITION 2102Unit I – Food Choices & Nutritional Needs

SEPT 11/14

•Warmup - guess foods nutritionists won’t eat (show video) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iAv25UZE-EE

FOOD CHOICES

•What are your favourite foods? Why?

•Why do you eat?•Where do you eat?•When do you eat?•With whom do you eat?

Do your food choices differ, depending on the people you’re with?

FOOD CHOICES

• Do you ever try a food, just because you see it advertised on TV?

• When you see food advertised, does it make you want to eat?

• Can eating certain foods become a habit? A strong craving for? An addiction?

FOOD CHOICES

• Is eating associated with certain activities and/or occasions?

• Does food availability affect what you eat? (At home, within the school and in community?)

• Do we, in NL, eat differently from people in other provinces?

• Does tradition play a role in what you eat?

FOOD CHOICES

• So…What are the major influences on your food choices? What are the categories?

SOCIETAL & MEDIA INFLUENCES

• Do you think that society and the media have an impact on food choices?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ahMQwxN9Js – Junk food ads and kids

CATEGORIES FOR INFLUENCES ON FOOD CHOICES

JOURNAL ENTRY #1

• How has your family influenced your personal eating habits?

• Have your habits changed as you gain more independence?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SVYStJW8zPU – Junk food kids (1 hr)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N42Gy-Xkky0 – junk food kids 2 of 2

JUNK FOOD KIDS QUESTIONS

1. What problems do the “Junk Food Kids” face?

2. What can parents do differently?3. What can the “kids” do differently?4. What can we, as society do to help

stop childhood obesity?5. What has changed in the last 50 years,

that we now see such a rise in childhood obesity?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SVYStJW8zPU – Junk food kids (1 hr)

6 MAJOR NUTRIENTS

• Charts for nutrients; supplement with videos• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8v6wcgp

rHXM - What nutrients do our bodies need? ~4mins.

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FmCxYBaf4-0 - why is water important for our bodies (2 mins)

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pd-MPhSu6Yc What happens to your body when you’re dehydrated (4 mins)

• Jeopardy for review• Collage (pics and quotes) for project

LAB DAY

• Tie up hair/brush shoulders• wash hands• check work station for hazards• clean/wipe work space• put on apron • preheat oven (if using it)• check recipe - designate roles• gather ingredients/tools• cooking/baking prep• bake• start clean-up (dishes/counter/stove)• Enjoy tasty dish :)• put away ingredients• check/inspection

SAFETY IN THE FOODS LAB

First Things First - Tell MS! :)• Fire - cover flame if possible, fire alarm

• cuts - let it bleed a little if small, bandage

• burns - cool water until pain stops, first aid

• poison - properly cook food (follow directions)

• reactions -

NUTRIENTS

• Carbohydrates●Are the body’s main source of

energy.●An important and unique example is

dietary fibre . It is a mixture of plant materials that is not broken down in the digestive system.

●All forms of carbohydrates, except fibre, provide energy .

●Examples: Sugar, and starch.

SIMPLE CARBOHYDRATES

• Are a natural part of many foods.• Also provides other nutrients such as

proteins, vitamins, and minerals.• Includes:

● Fructose found in fruits● Maltose found in grain products●Lactose found in milk products●Sucrose found in plants such as

sugar cane or sugar beets. Do not supply nutrients other than simple carbohydrates.

COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES

• Are broken into two categories: dietary fibre and starches.

• Found in legumes, lentils, peas, potatoes, pasta, rice, breads, and corn.

FIBRE

• Insoluble Fibre●Will not dissolve in water.●Absorbs water and helps to move

food through the large intestine at a normal rate.

●Promotes regular bowel movements and prevents constipation.

●Lowers the risk of colon cancer.●Found in fruit and vegetable skins

and in whole wheat or bran products.

FIBRE

• Soluble Fibre●Dissolves in water.● Increases the thickness of the

stomach contents.●May reduce blood cholesterol levels.●Found in fruits, vegetables, legumes,

peas, lentils, and oat products.

NUTRIENTS

• Fat●Are a reserve supply of energy

and act as a cushion to protect your heart, liver and other vital organs.

●Promote healthy skin and normal cell growth.

●Carries vitamins A, D, E, and K to wherever they are needed.

CHOLESTEROL

• Is not a fat.• It is a fat-like substance present in all

body cells.• Needed for many essential body

processes.• Contributes to the digestion of fat and

the skin’s production of vitamin D.• Adults manufacture all the required

amount in the liver.• Transported by lipoproteins (LDL and

HDL).

CHOLESTEROL

• LDL

●Moves cholesterol from the liver to wherever it is needed by the body.

●Too much can lead to a build-up on artery walls. Therefore heart disease and stroke.

• HDL

●Picks up excess and returns it to the liver, to prevent harm.

NUTRIENTS

• Protein●Are nutrients that help build,

repair, and maintain body tissues.

●Also are a source of energy.●Examples: Complete and

incomplete

PROTEIN

• Complete proteins●Supply all nine essential amino acids

include meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk products, and soy products.

●Most Canadians get the largest amount of their protein from animal sources.

●Health experts recommend that people get more of their protein from plant sources due to the fact they have less fat.

PROTEIN

• Incomplete proteins●All foods from plant sources supply

incomplete proteins (exception soybeans).

● Incomplete proteins are lacking one or more essential amino acids.

SEPT 30-OCT 2

• vitamins table (handout) p. 238-242• vitamin/mineral video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DJ_NN2WdJBc ~10mins

• junk food kids 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N42Gy-Xkky0 – junk food kids 2

• minerals table (p. 242-247)

FINAL JEOPARDY CATEGORY - FATS

•This is a fat-like substance present in all body cells that is needed for many essential body processes.

Cholesterol

VITAMINS WORKSHEET (HANDOUT)

Water-soluble Vitamins Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Vitamin Folate B12 Vitamin C

Vitamin A

Vitamin D

Vitamin E

Vitamin K

Main Jobs

123

123

123

1 12

1 1

Foods that have it

123

123

123

123

123

123

123

VITAMINS

• Vitamins●Are chemicals that help

regulate many vital processes and aid other nutrients in their jobs.

●Our bodies only require small amounts.

VITAMINS

• Water-soluble vitamins●Dissolve in water●Pass easily into the bloodstream in

the process of digestion.●Remain in the body a short time.●Includes Vitamin C and the eight B

Vitamins.

VITAMINS

• Folate● Prevents birth defects.● Helps the body use proteins.● Builds red blood cells● Green leafy vegetables, legumes, peas and

fruit.• Vitamin B12

● Helps the body use carbohydrates, fats and proteins.

● Builds red blood cells.● Required for a healthy nervous system. ● Meat, poultry, fish, eggs and milk products.

VITAMINS• Vitamin C

●Helps heal wounds and resist infections.●Aids in the absorption of iron.●Works as an antioxidant.●Citrus fruits, cantaloupe, kiwi, mango

and strawberries.

VITAMINS

• Fat-soluble vitamins●Absorbed and transported by fat.●Stored in the fat and draw on

these stores when needed.●Includes vitamins A, D, E, and K.

VITAMINS

• Vitamin A●Aka Retinol●Maintains healthy skin, hair, mucous

membranes, bones, and teeth.●Milk products, liver, foods high in

beta carotene.

VITAMINS

• Vitamin D● Helps your body use calcium and phosphorous.● Builds strong and healthy bones and teeth.● Only vitamin manufactured by the body. The

rest are derived from food.● Egg yolks, higher fat fish (salmon and mackerel)

• Vitamin E● Antioxidant● Nuts and seeds, green leafy vegetables, wheat

germ

VITAMINS

• Vitamin K●Necessary for blood to clot

normally.●Green leafy vegetables, fruits,

milk products, egg yolks, wheat bran and germ.

MONSANTO IN THE NEWS...

http://www.alternet.org/environment/monsantos-gmo-crops-banned-two-more-european-nations - in the news - monsanto article

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NkwMZ_K3p9M - monsanto video - six mins

NUTRIENTS

• Minerals●Are non-living substances that help

the body work properly.● In some cases become some of the

body tissues such as bone.●Needed only in small amounts.●Examples: Calcium, phosphorus,

sodium, potassium, iron, fluoride, iodine and trace elements.

MINERALS

• Calcium●Needed for muscle contraction (ex.

Heart)●Helps build and maintain bones●Milk products

• Phosphorous●Builds body tissues and cells●Releases energy from carbohydrates●Meat, poultry, milk

MINERALS

• Magnesium● Helps nerves and muscles work normally● Whole grain products, nuts and seeds

• Iron● Helps carry oxygen in the blood● Helps your cells use oxygen● Red meats, dried fruits, whole grains

• Iodine● Responsible for the body’s use of energy● Iodized salt

MINERALS• Copper

● Helps iron make RBC● Helps the heart work properly● Organ meats, nuts and seeds

• Zinc● Fights infection● Affects taste and smell● Meat, whole grains

• Fluoride● Strengthen teeth and prevent cavities● Water

MINERALS

• Sodium●Maintain fluid balance●Helps with muscle contraction●Table salt

• Chloride●Fluid balance and nerve signals●Table salt

• Potassium●Fluid balance, heart beat●Bananas and oranges

NUTRIENTS

• Water●Is essential to life.●It makes up most of your body weight.

NUTRIENT COLLAGE (PICMONKEY.COM)

• pick your topic from the list• find pics/quotes/facts & save to your U:drive• import them to your collage - minimum of 6 • edit collage (background, framing, etc)• save and send collage

ASSIGNMENT #1

•Create a collage that shows the role of a specific nutrient in our diet.

•Points to include:●Function of the nutrient●Food sources

•Pick 2 of these to include●Recommended Daily Intakes●Deficiency or Excess●Any other pertinent information.

TOPICS• Folic Acid• Vitamin B12• Vitamin C• Vitamin A• Vitamin D• Vitamin E• Vitamin K• Calcium• Phosphorous

• Magnesium• Iron• Fluoride• Cholesterol• Complete proteins• Incomplete proteins• Complex carbohydrates• Sodium/potassium/

chloride

JOURNAL #2

•Page 262 #1, 3 and 6.

WHY WE SCARE HUNGER?

Journal #3 - Write a paragraph answering the following questions:What do you know about food banks? Who do you think uses food banks? What is your opinion on food banks (should we have them, are they worthwhile, etc?) Why?

What are some reasons why people

struggle to make ends meet?• Loss of a good job quickly - quality of life

changes

• Seasonal employment/part time jobs - Cost

of living too high

• Don’t have the skills for high paying jobs

• On old age/Disability pensions that don’t

cover basic needs

• Inadequate social programs for people in

hard times (EI benefits/welfare)

• no benefits (i.e., medical)

• If something has to be cut - it’s usually food

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X0GB_YDamjQ

WE SCARE HUNGER - FOOD BANKS

• Canadian food banks serve __________ people each month (~14 million visits a year)

• That’s almost the population of ________. • __% of those are children.• Hunger is seen as an issue that affects only the

________

• __million Canadians used food banks in 2014.

• In a given month, more than _____Canadians

use a food bank for the first time.

• __% of children in Northern Canada don’t know

where their next meal is coming from.

841,191

Nova Scotia37

homeless

1.4

85,000

47

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fThTq9qBHQ8&list=PL5mZQ-i-BurpCHWiqqvVCaQWp_JiaNfCY&index=4 - Food Bank Usage on the Rise in Canada (2:25)

WHO DO YOU THINK USES FOOD BANKS?

•People who access food

banks come from all walks

of life.

•Some people need support

over longer periods

•most require help only

occasionally or for a short

period of time.

IMPACTS OF FOOD BANKS ON CHILDREN

• Hunger leads to long-term health

conditions, especially in young children

• Hunger is also a barrier to academic

success.

• A food package may make the difference

for a family trying to get back on their feet

after a crisis.

• It can mean that a child doesn’t go to bed

hungry, or doesn’t get sick and miss school

due an illness caused by lack of adequate

nutrition.

http://ntv.ca/food-bank-runs-low-after-canada-post-opts-out-of-food-drive/ - Food bank runs low after Canada Post opts out of food drive (2:47)

http://ntv.ca/st-johns-city-hall-launches-food-drive-to-overcome-food-bank-shortfall/ - St. John's City Hall launches food drive to overcome food bank shortfall (up to 1:53)http://globalnews.ca/video/1737386/makeshift-food-drive-in-newfoundland-town - Makeshift food drive in Newfoundland town (1:58)

JOURNAL 3B

What do you know now that you didn’t know before about food banks? Has your opinion changed on the use/relevance of food banks? Explain.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3iskVBOYfOU&index=5&list=PL5mZQ-i-BurpCHWiqqvVCaQWp_JiaNfCY - Britian’s Hidden Hungry - 54 mins

NOV 2-6

Finish Britian’s Hidden Hungry and 3BJournal #4 Page 391, question #8Nutritional supplement notessupplement worksheetReview games - vitamins and mineralsTest date - Friday, November 6

NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS• Taking a daily vitamin/mineral supplement

is common among Canadians.

• However, eating a healthy diet is MORE important than taking antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals in pill or powder form.

• Healthy foods have much more to offer than supplements alone.

• Handout: “Should I be taking a vitamin & mineral supplement?”

NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS VS

NON-NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS

• Nutrient supplements:●vitamins and other nutrients that

may not be necessary for healthy adults with an adequate intake of proper nutrients, but are necessary in other circumstances.

●Vitamins, minerals and protein powders.

NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS VS

NON-NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS

• Non-nutrient supplements:●Are substances

that are found in food that could potentially affect human health.

●Glucosamine, Echinacea, etc.

NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS

• *** It is hard to tell sometimes when researching information on nutritional supplements whether the information online is true and reliable

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JKU0MkqNAN0also mentioned - probiotics and antioxidents

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QM3lMKoT6U0 - what are antioxidents? 2:30 mins

QUESTIONS• 1. Why do

pregnant women take folic acid?

• 2. What is vitamin D? Why is it important?

• 3. What is vitamin B12?

• 4. What vitamins do vegans require above and beyond non-vegans?

• 5. What should you consider when choosing a supplement?

JOURNAL ENTRY #4

• Page 391, question #8•Your friend Amy is thinking about using a supplement because she often skips lunch. Where can Amy get advice on using a supplement? What questions should she ask? p. 382-83