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The Pris
onIn
dust
rial
Com
plex
and
the
Glo
bal
Econ
omy
by E
ve G
oldb
erg
and
Lin
da E
vans
The
Pris
on I
ndus
tria
l C
ompl
exan
d t
he G
lob
al E
cono
my
by E
ve G
oldb
erg
and
Lin
da E
vans
AG
IT P
RES
S
Ord
er F
rom
: A
K P
ress
Dis
trib
utio
nP.
O.
Box
406
82 •
San
Fra
ncis
co, C
A 9
4140
415-
864-
0892
• f
ax: 4
15-8
64-0
893
akpr
ess@
akpr
ess.
org
Thi
s pa
mph
let
is p
art
of t
he P
riso
n A
ctiv
ist
Res
ourc
e C
ente
rp
amp
hle
t se
ries
and
can
be
orde
red
fro
m t
hem
at:
PO
Box
339
• B
erke
ley,
CA
947
0151
0-84
5-88
13 •
par
c@pr
ison
acti
vist
.org
Firs
t P
rint
ing:
2,0
00, J
uly
1998
Goi
ng I
nto
the
Pris
on b
y C
hrys
tos,
rep
rint
ed f
rom
Fir
epaw
er,
publ
ishe
d by
A P
ress
Gan
g
Than
ks
to:
AK
Pre
ss,
Bo,
Chr
ysto
s, L
aPer
ia,
Mor
ela,
Pris
on A
ctiv
ist
Res
ourc
e C
ente
r, R
egen
t Pr
ess,
Res
ista
nt S
trai
ns
lo c
onta
ct
us (
bur
not
for d
istr
ibut
ion)
;
aeit
pre
ss c
olle
ctiv
e 31
24 s
hatt
uck
aven
ue •
Ber
kele
y, C
A 9
4705
agit@
grou
ndw
ork.
ucsd
.edu
• h
ttp:
//gr
ound
wor
k.uc
sd.e
du/-
-agi
t
ISB
N:
1 -889059-
17
-X
Goi
ng I
nto
the
Pri
son
by C
hrys
tos
the
guar
d gr
owls
, Wha
t's t
his
?!Po
etry
, I a
nsw
er, j
ust
Poet
ryH
e w
aves
me
thro
ugh
wit
h a
yaw
nth
at d
elig
hts
me
So
l sm
uggl
e m
y w
ords
in
to t
he w
omen
who
bit
e th
em c
hew
ing
star
ving
I'm h
onor
ed t
o se
rve
them
brin
g co
lor
mus
ic
feel
ings
into
tha
t so
ul d
eath
Smili
ng a
s I
wee
pfo
r Po
etry
who
has
suc
h a
bad
repu
tati
onSh
e's
bori
ng, u
nnec
essa
ry,
inco
mpr
ehen
sibl
eob
scur
e, e
ffet
eT
he p
erfe
ct w
eapo
nfo
r th
is s
neak
y ol
d w
ar h
orse
to m
ake
a ri
ch r
epas
t of
rev
olut
ion
for
Lin
da E
vans
The
Pris
on In
dust
rial
Com
plex
and
the
Glo
bal
Eco
nom
y
by E
ve G
old
ber
g a
nd L
inda
Eva
ns
Ove
r 1.
8 m
illi
on p
eopl
e ar
e cu
rren
tly
behi
nd b
ars
in t
he
Uni
ted
Stat
es.
Thi
s re
pres
ents
the
hig
hest
per
cap
ita
inca
rcer
atio
n ra
te i
n th
ehi
stor
y of
the
wor
ld.
In 1
995
alon
e, 1
50 n
ew U
.S.
pris
ons
wer
e bu
ilt
and
fille
d.T
his
mon
umen
tal
com
mit
men
t to
loc
k up
a s
izea
ble
perc
enta
ge o
fth
e po
pula
tion
is
an
inte
gral
par
t of
the
glo
bali
zati
on o
f ca
pita
l. Se
vera
lst
rand
s co
nver
ged
at
the
end
of
the
Col
d W
ar,
chan
ging
rel
atio
nsbe
twee
n la
bor
and
capi
tal
on a
n in
tern
atio
nal
scal
e: d
omes
tic
econ
omic
decl
ine,
rac
ism
, th
e U
.S.
role
as
poli
cem
an o
f th
e w
orld
, an
d gr
owth
of
the
inte
rnat
iona
l dr
ug e
cono
my
in c
reat
ing
a bo
omin
g pr
ison
/ind
ustr
i-al
com
plex
. A
nd t
he p
riso
n in
dust
rial
com
plex
is
rapi
dly
beco
min
g an
esse
ntia
l co
mpo
nent
of
the
U.S
. ec
onom
y.
PR
ISO
NS
AR
E B
IG B
US
INE
SS
Lik
e th
e m
ilit
ary/
indu
stri
al c
ompl
ex,
the
pris
on i
ndus
tria
l com
plex
is a
n in
terw
eavi
ng
of p
riva
te b
usin
ess
and
gove
rnm
ent
inte
rest
s. I
tstw
ofol
d pu
rpos
e is
pro
fit
and
soci
al c
ontr
ol.
Its
publ
ic r
atio
nale
is
the
figh
t ag
ains
t cr
ime.
Not
so
lon
g ag
o, c
omm
unis
m w
as "
the
enem
y" a
nd c
om
mu
nis
tsw
ere
dem
oniz
ed a
s a
way
of
just
ifyi
ng g
arga
ntua
n m
ilit
ary
expe
ndit
ures
.N
ow,
fear
of
crim
e an
d th
e de
mon
izat
ion
of c
rim
inal
s se
rve
a si
mil
arid
eolo
gica
l pu
rpos
e: t
o ju
stif
y th
e us
e of
tax
dol
lars
for
the
rep
ress
ion
and
inca
rcer
atio
n of
a
grow
ing
perc
enta
ge o
f ou
r p
op
ula
tio
n.
The
omni
pres
ent
med
ia b
litz
abo
ut s
eria
l ki
llers
, m
issi
ng c
hild
ren,
and
"ra
n-do
m v
iole
nce"
fee
ds o
ur f
ear.
In r
ealit
y, h
owev
er, m
ost
of th
e "c
rim
inal
s'w
e lo
ck u
p ar
e po
or p
eopl
e w
ho c
omm
it n
onvi
olen
t cri
mes
out
of
eco-
nom
ic n
eed.
Vio
lenc
e oc
curs
in
less
than
14%
of
all r
epor
ted
crim
e, a
ndin
juri
es o
ccur
in
just
3%
. In
Cal
ifor
nia,
the
top
thr
ee c
harg
es f
or t
hose
ente
ring
pri
son
are:
pos
sess
ion
of a
con
trol
led
subs
tanc
e, p
osse
ssio
n of
aco
ntro
lled
sub
stan
ce f
or s
ale,
and
rob
bery
. V
iole
nt c
rim
es l
ike
mur
der,
rape
, m
ansl
augh
ter
and
kidn
apin
g do
n't
even
mak
e th
e to
p te
n.L
ike
fear
of
com
mun
ism
du
ring
the
Col
d W
ar,
fear
of
crim
e is
a
The
Pri
son
Ind
ust
rial
Com
plex
5
grea
t se
llin
g to
ol f
or a
dub
ious
pro
duct
.A
s w
ith
the
buil
ding
and
mai
nten
ance
of
wea
pons
and
arm
ies,
the
buil
ding
and
mai
nten
ance
of
pris
ons
are
big
busi
ness
. In
vest
men
t ho
us-
es,
cons
truc
tion
co
mpa
nies
, ar
chit
ects
, an
d su
ppor
t se
rvic
es s
uch
asfo
od,
med
ical
, tr
ansp
orta
tion
and
fur
nitu
re, a
ll s
tand
to
prof
it b
y pr
ison
expa
nsio
n. A
bur
geon
ing
"spe
cial
ty i
tem
" in
dust
ry s
ells
fen
cing
, ha
nd-
cuff
s, d
rug
dete
ctor
s, p
rote
ctiv
e ve
sts,
and
oth
er s
ecur
ity
devi
ces
to p
ris-
ons.
As
the
Col
d W
ar w
inds
dow
n an
d th
e C
rim
e W
ar h
eats
up,
def
ense
indu
stry
gi
ants
li
ke
Wes
ting
hous
e ar
e re
-too
ling
an
d lo
bbyi
ngW
ashi
ngto
n fo
r th
eir
shar
e of
the
dom
esti
c la
w e
nfor
cem
ent
mar
ket.
"Nig
ht E
nfor
cer"
gog
gles
use
d in
the
Gul
f W
ar,
elec
tron
ic "
Hot
Wir
e"fe
ncin
g ("
so h
ot N
AT
O c
hose
it
for
high
-ris
k in
stal
latio
ns")
, an
d ot
her
equi
pmen
t on
ce u
sed
by t
he m
ilit
ary,
are
now
bei
ng m
arke
ted
to t
hecr
imin
al j
usti
ce s
yste
m.
Com
mun
icat
ion
com
pani
es l
ike
AT
&T
, S
prin
t, an
d M
CI
are
get-
ting
int
o th
e ac
t as
wel
l, go
ugin
g pr
ison
ers
wit
h ex
orbi
tant
pho
ne c
all-
ing
rate
s, o
ften
six
tim
es t
he n
orm
al l
ong
dist
ance
cha
rge.
Sm
alle
r fi
rms
like
Cor
rect
iona
l C
omm
unic
atio
ns C
orp.
, de
dica
ted
sole
ly to
the
pri
son
phon
e bu
sine
ss,
prov
ide
com
pute
rize
d pr
ison
ph
one
syst
ems,
fu
llyeq
uipp
ed f
or s
yste
mat
ic s
urve
illa
nce.
The
y w
in g
over
nmen
t co
ntra
cts
byof
feri
ng t
o "k
ick
back
" so
me
of t
he p
rofi
ts t
o th
e go
vern
men
t ag
ency
awar
ding
the
con
trac
t. T
hese
com
pani
es a
re r
eapi
ng h
uge
prof
its
at t
heex
pens
e of
pri
sone
rs a
nd t
heir
fam
ilies
; pr
ison
ers
are
ofte
n ef
fect
ivel
y cu
tof
f fr
om c
omm
unic
atio
n du
e to
the
exc
essi
ve c
ost
of p
hone
cal
ls.
One
of
the
fast
est
grow
ing
sect
ors
of t
he p
riso
n in
dust
rial
com
plex
is p
riva
te c
orre
ctio
ns c
ompa
nies
. In
vest
men
t fi
rm S
mit
h B
arne
y is
a p
art
owne
r of
a p
riso
n in
Flo
rida
. A
mer
ican
Exp
ress
and
Gen
eral
Ele
ctri
cha
ve
inve
sted
in
pr
ivat
e pr
ison
co
nstr
ucti
on
in
Okl
ahom
a an
dT
enne
ssee
. C
orre
ctio
nal
Cor
pora
tion
Of
Am
eric
a, o
ne o
f th
e la
rges
t pr
i-va
te p
riso
n ow
ners
, al
read
y op
erat
es i
nter
nati
onal
ly,
wit
h m
ore
than
48
faci
litie
s in
11
stat
es,
Pue
rto
Ric
o, t
he U
nite
d K
ingd
om,
and
Aus
tral
ia.
Und
er c
ontr
act
by g
over
nmen
t to
run
jai
ls a
nd p
riso
ns,
and
paid
a fi
xed
sum
per
pri
sone
r, th
e pr
ofit
mot
ive
man
date
s th
at t
hese
fir
ms
oper
ate
asch
eapl
y an
d ef
fici
entl
y as
pos
sibl
e. T
his
mea
ns l
ower
wag
es f
or s
taff
, no
unio
ns,
and
few
er s
ervi
ces
for
pris
oner
s. P
riva
te c
ontr
acts
als
o m
ean
less
publ
ic s
crut
iny.
Pri
son
owne
rs a
re r
akin
g in
bil
lion
s by
cut
ting
cor
ners
whi
ch h
arm
pr
ison
ers.
Sub
stan
dard
die
ts,
extr
eme
over
crow
ding
, an
dab
uses
by
poor
ly t
rain
ed p
erso
nnel
hav
e al
l be
en d
ocum
ente
d an
d ca
n
The
Pri
son
Ind
ust
rial
Com
plex
be e
xpec
ted
in t
hese
ins
titu
tion
s w
hich
are
una
bash
edly
abo
ut m
akin
gm
oney
.P
riso
ns a
re a
lso
a le
adin
g ru
ral
grow
th i
ndus
try.
Wit
h tr
adit
iona
lag
ricu
ltur
e be
ing
push
ed
asid
e by
agr
ibus
ines
s, m
any
rura
l A
mer
ican
com
mun
itie
s ar
e fa
cing
har
d tim
es.
Eco
nom
ical
ly d
epre
ssed
are
as
are
falli
ng o
ver
each
oth
er t
o se
cure
a p
riso
n fa
cilit
y of
thei
r ow
n. P
riso
ns a
re s
een
as a
sou
rce
of jo
bs i
nco
nstr
ucti
on,
loca
l ve
ndor
s an
d pr
ison
sta
ff a
sw
ell
as a
sou
rce
of t
ax r
even
ues.
An
aver
age
pris
on h
as a
sta
ff o
f se
vera
l hun
dred
em
ploy
-ee
s an
d an
ann
ual
payr
oll
of s
ever
al m
illi
ondo
llar
s. Lik
e an
y in
dust
ry,
the
pris
on e
cono
my
need
s ra
w m
ater
ials
. In
thi
s ca
se t
he r
awm
ater
ials
ar
e pr
ison
ers.
T
he
pris
onin
dust
rial
co
mpl
ex
can
grow
on
ly
ifm
ore
and
mor
e pe
ople
are
inc
arce
rate
dev
en
if c
rim
e ra
tes
drop
. "T
hree
Str
ikes
"an
d m
anda
tory
min
imum
s (h
arsh
, fi
xed
sen-
tenc
es w
itho
ut
paro
le)
are
two
exam
ples
of
the
lega
l su
pers
truc
ture
qui
ckly
bei
ng p
ut i
npl
ace
to g
uara
ntee
tha
t th
e pr
ison
pop
ulat
ion
will
gro
w a
nd g
row
and
gro
w.
LAB
OR
AN
D T
HE
FLI
GH
T O
F C
AP
ITA
LT
he g
row
th o
f th
e pr
ison
ind
ustr
ial
com
plex
is
inex
tric
ably
tied
to
the
fort
unes
of
labo
r. E
ver
sinc
e th
e on
set
of t
he R
eaga
n-B
ush
year
s in
1980
, w
orke
rs i
n th
e U
nite
d St
ates
hav
e be
en u
nder
sie
ge. A
ggre
ssiv
eun
ion
bust
ing,
cor
pora
te d
ereg
ulat
ion,
and
esp
ecia
lly t
he f
ligh
t of
cap
i-ta
l in
sea
rch
of c
heap
er l
abor
mar
kets
, ha
ve b
een
cruc
ial
fact
ors
in t
hedo
wnw
ard
plig
ht o
f A
mer
ican
wor
kers
.O
ne w
ave
of c
apita
l fl
ight
occ
urre
d in
the
197
0s.
Man
ufac
turi
ngsu
ch
as t
extil
es
in
the
Nor
thea
st
mov
ed
sout
h to
S
outh
C
arol
ina,
Ten
ness
ee,
Ala
bam
a, n
on-u
nion
st
ates
whe
re w
ages
wer
e lo
w.
Dur
ing
the
1980
s, m
any
mor
e in
dust
ries
(st
eel,
auto
, et
c.)
clos
ed u
p sh
op,
mov
-in
g on
to
the
"m
ore
com
peti
tive
at
mos
pher
es"
of M
exic
o,
Bra
zil,
orT
aiw
an w
here
wag
es w
ere
a m
ere
frac
tion
of
thos
e in
the
U.S
., an
d en
vi-
ronm
enta
l, he
alth
and
saf
ety
stan
dard
s w
ere
muc
h lo
wer
. M
ost
seri
ous-
ly h
urt
by t
hese
pla
nt c
losu
res
and
layo
ffs
wer
e A
fric
an-A
mer
ican
s an
d
The
Pris
on In
dust
rial
Com
plex
othe
r se
mis
kille
d w
orke
rs in
urb
an c
ente
rs w
ho l
ost
thei
r de
cent
pay
ing
indu
stri
al j
obs.
Into
the
gap
ing
econ
omic
hol
e le
ft by
the
exod
us o
f job
s fr
om U
.S.
citie
s ha
s ru
shed
ano
ther
eco
nom
y: t
he d
rug
econ
omy.
THE
WA
R O
N D
RU
GS
The
"W
ar o
n D
rugs
," l
aunc
hed
by P
resi
dent
Rea
gan
in t
he m
id-
eigh
ties,
has
bee
n fo
ught
on
inte
rloc
king
int
erna
tion
al a
nd
dom
estic
fron
ts. At
the
inte
rnat
iona
l le
vel,
the
war
on
drug
s ha
s be
en b
oth
a cy
nica
lco
ver-
up o
f U
.S.
gove
rnm
ent
invo
lvem
ent
in t
he d
rug
trad
e, a
s w
ell
asju
stif
icat
ion
for
U.S
. m
ilita
ry
inte
rven
tion
and
cont
rol
in t
he T
hird
Wor
ld.
Ove
r th
e la
st 5
0 ye
ars,
the
pri
mar
y go
al o
f U
.S.
fore
ign
polic
y (a
ndth
e m
ilit
ary
indu
stri
al c
ompl
ex)
has
been
to
figh
t co
mm
unis
m a
nd p
ro-
tect
cor
pora
te i
nter
ests
. To
this
end
, th
e U
.S.
gove
rnm
ent
has,
with
reg
-ul
arity
, fo
rmed
st
rate
gic
allia
nces
with
dr
ug
deal
ers
thro
ugho
ut
the
wor
ld.
At
the
conc
lusi
on o
f W
orld
War
II,
the
OSS
(pr
ecur
sor
to t
heC
IA)
allie
d its
elf
with
her
oin
trad
ers
on t
he d
ocks
of
Mar
seill
e in
an
effo
rt to
wre
st p
ower
aw
ay f
rom
com
mun
ist
dock
wor
kers
. D
urin
g th
eV
ietn
am w
ar, t
he C
IA a
ided
the
her
oin
prod
ucin
g H
mon
g tr
ibes
men
in
the
Gol
den
Tri
angl
e ar
ea. I
n re
turn
for
coo
pera
tion
wit
h th
e U
.S.
gov-
ernm
ent's
war
aga
inst
the
Vie
tcon
g an
d ot
her
natio
nal
liber
atio
n fo
rces
,th
e C
IA f
lew
loc
al h
eroi
n ou
t of
Sou
thea
st A
sia
and
into
Am
eric
a. I
t's n
oac
cide
nt
that
her
oin
addi
ctio
n in
the
U.S
. ro
se e
xpon
entia
lly
in t
he19
60s. N
or i
s it
an a
ccid
ent
that
coc
aine
beg
an t
o pr
olif
erat
e in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es d
urin
g th
e 19
80s.
Cen
tral
Am
eric
a is
the
stra
tegi
c ha
lfw
ay p
oint
for
air t
rave
l bet
wee
n C
olom
bia
and
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es. T
he C
ontr
a W
arag
ains
t Sa
ndin
ista
Nic
arag
ua,
as w
ell a
s th
e w
ar a
gain
st th
e na
tion
al l
ib-
erat
ion
forc
es i
n E
l Sa
lvad
or,
was
lar
gely
abo
ut c
ontr
ol o
f th
is c
ritic
alar
ea. W
hen
Con
gres
s cu
t of
f sup
port
for
the
Con
tras
, O
liver
Nor
th a
ndfr
iend
s fo
und
othe
r w
ays
to f
und
the
Con
tra
re-s
uppl
y op
erat
ions
, in
part
thr
ough
dru
g de
alin
g. P
lane
s lo
aded
wit
h ar
ms
for t
he C
ontr
as t
ook
off
from
the
sou
ther
n U
nite
d St
ates
, off
load
ed t
heir
wea
pons
on
priv
ate
land
ing
stri
ps in
Hon
dura
s, t
hen
load
ed u
p w
ith
coca
ine
for
the
retu
rntr
ip. A
199
6 ex
pose
by
the
San
Jose
Mer
cury
N
ews
docu
men
ted
CIA
invo
lvem
ent
in a
Nic
arag
uan
drug
rin
g w
hich
pou
red
thou
sand
s of
kilo
s
8 T
he
Pris
on I
nd
ust
rial
Com
plex
of c
ocai
ne i
nto
Los
Ang
eles
' A
fric
an-A
mer
ican
nei
ghbo
rhoo
ds i
n th
e19
80s.
D
rug
boss
, D
anilo
B
land
on,
now
an
info
rman
t fo
r th
e D
EA
,ac
know
ledg
ed
unde
r oa
th t
he d
rugs
-for
-wea
pons
dea
ls w
ith t
he C
IA-
spon
sore
d C
ontr
as.
U.S
. m
ilit
ary
pres
ence
in
C
entr
al
and
Lat
in
Am
eric
a ha
s no
tst
oppe
d dr
ug t
raff
ic.
But
it h
as in
flue
nced
asp
ects
of t
he d
rug
trad
e, a
ndis
a p
ower
ful
forc
e of
soc
ial
cont
rol
in t
he r
egio
n. U
.S.
mil
itar
y in
ter-
vent
ion,
whe
ther
in
prop
ping
up
dict
ator
s or
squ
ashi
ng p
easa
nt u
pris
-in
gs,
now
ope
rate
s un
der
cove
r of
the
rig
hteo
us w
ar a
gain
st d
rugs
and
"nar
co-t
erro
rism
."In
Mex
ico,
for
exa
mpl
e, U
.S.
mili
tary
aid
sup
pose
dly
earm
arke
d fo
rth
e dr
ug w
ar i
s be
ing
used
to
arm
Mex
ican
tro
ops
in t
he s
outh
ern
part
of t
he c
ount
ry. T
he d
rug
trad
e, h
owev
er (
prod
ucti
on,
tran
sfer
, an
d di
s-tr
ibut
ion
poin
ts)
is a
ll in
the
nor
th. T
he "
drug
war
mon
ey"
is b
eing
use
dpr
imar
ily
to f
ight
aga
inst
the
Zap
atis
ta r
ebel
s in
the
sou
ther
n st
ate
ofC
hiap
as w
ho a
re d
eman
ding
lan
d re
form
and
eco
nom
ic p
olic
y ch
ange
sw
hich
are
dia
met
rica
lly o
ppos
ed t
o th
e tr
ansn
atio
nal
corp
orat
e ag
enda
.In
the
Col
ombi
an j
ungl
es o
f C
arta
gena
de
Cha
ira,
coc
a ha
s be
com
eth
e on
ly v
iabl
e co
mm
erci
al c
rop.
In
1996
, 30
,000
far
mer
s bl
ocke
d ro
ads
and
airs
trip
s to
pre
vent
cro
p sp
rayi
ng f
rom
air
craf
t. T
he R
evol
utio
nary
Arm
ed F
orce
s of
Col
ombi
a (F
AR
C)
one
of th
e ol
dest
gue
rrill
a or
gani
za-
tions
in
Lat
in A
mer
ica,
hel
d 60
gov
ernm
ent
sold
iers
hos
tage
for
nin
em
onth
s, d
eman
ding
tha
t th
e m
ilita
ry l
eave
the
jun
gle,
tha
t so
cial
ser
-vi
ces
be in
crea
sed,
and
tha
t al
tern
ativ
e cr
ops
be m
ade
avai
labl
e to
far
m-
ers.
And
giv
en t
he n
otor
ious
inv
olve
men
t of
Col
ombi
a's
high
est
offic
ials
with
the
pow
erfu
l dru
g ca
rtel
s, it
is
not
surp
risi
ng th
at m
ost
U.S
. "d
rug
war
" m
ilita
ry a
id a
ctua
lly g
oes
to f
ight
ing
the
guer
rilla
s.O
ne
resu
lt of
th
e in
tern
atio
nal
war
on
dr
ugs
has
been
th
ein
tern
atio
naliz
atio
n of
the
U.S
. pr
ison
pop
ulat
ion.
For
the
mos
t pa
rt, i
tis
the
low
lev
el "
mul
es"
carr
ying
dru
gs i
nto
this
cou
ntry
who
are
cap
-tu
red
and
inca
rcer
ated
in
ever
-inc
reas
ing
num
bers
. A
t le
ast
25%
of
inm
ates
in
the
fede
ral p
riso
n sy
stem
tod
ay w
ill b
e su
bjec
t to
depo
rtat
ion
whe
n th
eir
sent
ence
s ar
e co
mpl
eted
.H
ere
at h
ome,
the
war
on
drug
s ha
s be
en a
war
on
poor
peo
ple.
Part
icul
arly
poo
r, ur
ban,
Afr
ican
Am
eric
an m
en a
nd w
omen
. It'
s w
ell
docu
men
ted
that
pol
ice
enfo
rcem
ent
of th
e ne
w,
hars
h dr
ug l
aws
have
been
foc
used
on
low
-leve
l de
aler
s in
com
mun
itie
s of
col
or.
Arr
ests
of
Afr
ican
-Am
eric
ans
have
bee
n ab
out
five
tim
es h
ighe
r th
an a
rres
ts o
fw
hite
s, a
lthou
gh w
hite
s an
d A
fric
an-A
mer
ican
s us
e dr
ugs
at a
bout
the
The
Pri
son
In
du
stri
al C
ompl
ex
sam
e ra
te.
And
, A
fric
an-A
mer
ican
s ha
ve b
een
impr
ison
ed i
n nu
mbe
rsev
en m
ore
disp
ropo
rtio
nate
tha
n th
eir
rela
tive
arre
st r
ates
. It
is
estim
at-
ed t
hat
in 1
994,
on
any
give
n da
y, o
ne o
ut o
f ev
ery
128
U.S
. ad
ults
was
inca
rcer
ated
, w
hile
one
out
of
ever
y 17
Afr
ican
-Am
eric
an a
dult
mal
esw
as i
ncar
cera
ted.
The
dif
fere
ntia
l in
sen
tenc
ing
for
pow
der
and
crac
k co
cain
e is
one
glar
ing
exam
ple
of i
nstit
utio
naliz
ed r
acis
m. A
bout
90%
of
crac
k ar
rest
sar
e of
Afr
ican
-Am
eric
ans,
whi
le 7
5% o
f po
wde
r co
cain
e ar
rest
s ar
e of
whi
tes.
Und
er f
eder
al l
aw,
it ta
kes
only
fiv
e gr
ams
of c
rack
coc
aine
to
trig
ger
a fiv
e-ye
ar m
anda
tory
min
imum
sen
tenc
e. B
ut it
take
s 50
0 gr
ams
of p
owde
r co
cain
e, 1
00 t
imes
as
muc
h, t
o tr
igge
r th
is s
ame
sent
ence
.T
his
flag
rant
inj
usti
ce w
as h
ighl
ight
ed
by a
199
6 na
tionw
ide
fede
ral
pris
on r
ebel
lion
whe
n C
ongr
ess
refu
sed
to e
nact
cha
nges
in
sent
enci
ngla
ws
that
wou
ld e
qual
ize
pena
lties
.St
atis
tics
show
tha
t po
lice
repr
essi
on a
nd m
ass
inca
rcer
atio
n ar
e no
tcu
rbin
g th
e dr
ug t
rade
. D
eale
rs a
re f
orce
d to
mov
e, t
urf
is r
eshu
ffle
d,al
read
y vu
lner
able
fam
ilies
are
bro
ken
up.
But
the
dem
and
for
drug
s st
illex
ists
, as
do h
uge
prof
its
for
high
-lev
el d
eale
rs i
n th
is f
ifty
bill
ion
dolla
rin
tern
atio
nal
indu
stry
.Fr
om o
ne p
oint
of
view
, the
war
on
drug
s ca
n ac
tual
ly b
e se
en a
s a
pre-
empt
ive
stri
ke.
The
sta
te's
repr
essi
ve a
ppar
atus
wor
king
ov
ertim
e.Pu
t po
or p
eopl
e aw
ay b
efor
e th
ey g
et a
ngry
. Inc
arce
rate
tho
se a
t th
e bo
t-to
m,
the
help
less
, th
e ho
pele
ss, b
efor
e th
ey d
eman
d ch
ange
. W
hat
drug
sdo
n't
dam
age
(in
term
s of
inta
ct c
omm
uniti
es,
the
abili
ty t
o ta
ke a
ctio
n,to
or
gani
ze)
the
war
on
drug
s an
d m
ass
impr
ison
men
t w
ill s
urel
yde
stro
y. The
cra
ckdo
wn
on d
rugs
has
not
sto
pped
dru
g us
e. B
ut i
t has
take
nth
ousa
nds
of u
nem
ploy
ed (
and
pote
ntia
lly a
ngry
and
reb
elli
ous)
you
ngm
en a
nd w
omen
off
the
str
eets
. A
nd i
t ha
s cr
eate
d a
mus
hroo
min
gpr
ison
pop
ulat
ion.
PR
ISO
N L
AB
OR
An
Am
eric
an w
orke
r who
onc
e up
on a
tim
e m
ade
$8/h
our,
lose
s his
job
whe
n th
e co
mpa
ny r
eloc
ates
to
Tha
ilan
d w
here
wor
kers
are
pai
don
ly $
2/da
y. U
nem
ploy
ed,
and
alie
nate
d fr
om a
soc
iety
indi
ffer
ent t
o hi
sne
eds,
he
beco
mes
inv
olve
d in
the
dru
g ec
onom
y or
som
e ot
her
out-
law
ed m
eans
of
surv
ival
. H
e is
arr
este
d, p
ut i
n pr
ison
, an
d pu
t to
wor
k.H
is n
ew s
alar
y: 2
2 ce
nts/
hour
.Fr
om w
orke
r, t
o un
empl
oyed
, to
cri
min
al,
to c
onvi
ct l
abor
er,
the
10
The
Pris
on I
nd
ust
rial
Com
plex
cycl
e ha
s co
me
full
circ
le. A
nd t
he o
nly
vict
or i
s bi
g bu
sine
ss.
For
priv
ate
busi
ness
, pr
ison
lab
or i
s lik
e a
pot
of g
old.
No
stri
kes.
No
unio
n or
gani
zing
. N
o un
empl
oym
ent
insu
ranc
e or
wor
kers
' co
m-
pens
atio
n to
pay
. N
o la
ngua
ge p
robl
em,
as i
n a
fore
ign
coun
try.
New
levi
atha
n pr
ison
s ar
e be
ing
buil
t w
ith
thou
sand
s of
eer
ie a
cres
of
fact
o-ri
es i
nsid
e th
e w
alls
. P
riso
ners
do
data
ent
ry f
or C
hevr
on,
mak
e te
le-
phon
e re
serv
atio
ns f
or T
WA
, ra
ise
hogs
, sh
ovel
man
ure,
mak
e ci
rcui
tbo
ards
, li
mou
sine
s, w
ater
beds
,an
d li
nger
ie
for
Vic
tori
a's
Secr
et.
All
at a
fra
ctio
n of
the
cost
of
"fre
e la
bor.
"Pr
ison
ers
can
be f
orce
d to
wor
k fo
r pe
nnie
s be
caus
e th
eyha
ve n
o ri
ghts
. Eve
n th
e 14
thA
men
dmen
t to
th
eC
onst
itut
ion
whi
ch a
boli
shed
slav
ery,
ex
clud
es
pris
oner
sfr
om i
ts p
rote
ctio
ns.
And
, m
ore
and
mor
e,pr
ison
s ar
e ch
argi
ng i
nmat
esfo
r ba
sic
nece
ssiti
es fr
om m
ed-
ical
car
e, to
toi
let
pape
r, t
o us
eof
the
law
libr
ary.
Man
y st
ates
are
now
cha
rgin
g "r
oom
an
dbo
ard.
" B
erks
Cou
nty
jail
in P
enns
ylva
nia
is c
harg
ing
inm
ates
$10
per
day
to b
e th
ere.
Cal
ifor
nia
has
sim
ilar
legi
slat
ion
pend
ing.
So,
whi
le g
ov-
ernm
ent
cann
ot (
yet)
act
uall
y re
quir
e in
mat
es to
wor
k at
pri
vate
indu
s-tr
y jo
bs f
or l
ess
than
min
imum
wag
e, t
hey
are
forc
ed t
o by
nec
essi
ty.
Som
e pr
ison
ent
erpr
ises
are
sta
te r
un.
Inm
ates
wor
king
at
UN
I-C
OR
(t
he f
eder
al p
riso
n in
dust
ry c
orpo
rati
on)
mak
e re
cycl
ed f
urni
ture
and
wor
k 40
hou
rs a
wee
k fo
r abo
ut $
40 p
er m
onth
. The
Ore
gon
Pris
onIn
dust
ries
pro
duce
s a
line
of
"Pri
son
Blu
es"
blue
jean
s. A
n ad
in
thei
rca
talo
gue
show
s a
hand
som
e pr
ison
inm
ate
sayi
ng,
"I s
ay w
e sh
ould
mak
e be
ll-b
otto
ms.
The
y sa
y I'v
e be
en i
n he
re t
oo l
ong.
" B
izar
re,
but
true
. The
pro
mot
iona
l ta
gs o
n th
e cl
othe
s th
emse
lves
act
uall
y to
ut t
heir
oper
atio
n as
reh
abil
itat
ion
and
job
trai
ning
for
pris
oner
s, w
ho o
f cou
rse
wou
ld n
ever
be
able
to
find
wor
k in
the
gar
men
t ind
ustr
y up
on r
elea
se.
Pris
on i
ndus
trie
s ar
e of
ten
dire
ctly
com
peti
ng w
ith
priv
ate
indu
stry
.Sm
all
furn
itur
e m
anuf
actu
rers
aro
und
the
coun
try
com
plai
n th
at t
hey
The
Pris
on I
nd
ust
rial
Com
plex
11
FUHB
San
a/to
The
maj
ority
of w
omen
in p
rison
are
ther
e f«
r pro
perty
crim
es, s
uch
as c
heck
forg
ery,
chec
k ki
ting,
and
illeg
al c
redi
tca
rd u
se. W
omen
bear
the
brun
t of p
olic
ies t
hat c
rimin
aliz
e po
verty
, bei
ng se
nt to
jail
and
plac
ed o
n pr
obat
ion
for
faili
ng to
ear
n en
ough
mon
ey to
surv
ive.
At t
he s
ame t
ime,
the
safe
ty n
et h
as b
een
slas
hed,
forc
ing
man
y w
omen
t» *
choo
se b
etw
een
stay
ing
out o
f jai
l or f
adin
g th
eir k
ids,
t I
-H.
© 80
% o
f wom
en In
pris
on r
epor
t inc
omes
of l
ess t
han
$2,0
00 p
er ye
ar \n
the
yeat
bef
ore
thei
r arr
est,
/ ^
and
92%
repo
rt in
com
es u
nder
Sio
JIo,
**
*« s
" /
!;̂K
© S
ince
198
0, th
e pe
rcen
tage
of w
omn i
n pr
ison
has
incr
ease
d by
mor
e tha
n 27
3%;,
• t^
j?^
'
• "
"
"ft
J1
"̂
-.-—
,._
,.
-^
. ,,,n
for n
on-v
iole
nt c
rimes
Y
UN
TIL
PR
OV
ED
hite
col
lar c
rime
drai
ns $
200
billi
on p
er y
ear f
rom
the
US
econ
omy,
mile
the
econ
omic
cos
t of "
stre
et cr
iIs
less
than
$5
billi
on. F
indi
ng a
whi
te c
olla
r crim
inal
in m
ost p
rison
s, h
o*
a; w
ould
be
no sm
all t
ask.
Tho
—
; -
..
-•
.
. .
•
',,
..
..
*.
..
, «l
- ;'
: ,
cour
t app
oint
ed a
ttorn
eys w
ho se
ldom
hav
e th
e tim
e or
reso
urce
s to
defe
nd th
eir c
lient
s©
The
Savi
ngs &
loan
frau
ds h
ave
cost
US
taxp
ayer
s at
leas
t $12
5 bi
llfo*
1! 7!
© T
he U
S no
w im
pris
ons
mor
e tha
n te
n tim
es a
s m
any d
rug
offe
nder
s as
it
in 1
980,
mos
t of t
hem
low
-leve
lde
aler
s and
use
rs. A
t the
sam
e tim
e m
ore t
han
$250
bill
ion
in d
rug
prof
its g
o thr
ough
US
bank
s eac
h ye
ar w
hi"
conv
ictio
ns fo
r mon
ey la
unde
ring
are
few
and
far b
etw
een.
«
"Gui
lty"
by N
ick
Jehl
en.
Part
of t
he R
esis
tant
Str
ains
Max
imum
Sec
urity
Dem
ocra
cy p
oste
r se
ries
. Sen
d $2
0 fo
r se
t of
15 p
oste
rs.
Max
imum
Sec
urity
Dem
ocra
cy p
oste
r se
ries
• B
ox l5
3b G
love
r, V
T 0
5839
• (
802)
525
-885
3 •
base
line@
igc.
org
are
bein
g dr
iven
out
of
busi
ness
by
UN
ICO
R w
hich
pay
s 23
cen
ts/h
our
and
has
the
insi
de t
rack
on
gove
rnm
ent
cont
ract
s. I
n an
othe
r ca
se,
U.S
.T
echn
olog
ies
sold
its
ele
ctro
nics
pla
nt i
n A
usti
n, T
exas
, le
avin
g it
s 15
0w
orke
rs u
nem
ploy
ed.
Six
wee
k la
ter,
the
ele
ctro
nics
pla
nt r
eope
ned
in a
near
by p
riso
n. WE
LCO
ME
TO
TH
E N
EW
WO
RLD
OR
DE
RT
he p
roli
fera
tion
of
pris
ons
in t
he U
nite
d S
tate
s is
one
pie
ce o
f a
puzz
le c
alle
d th
e gl
obal
izat
ion
of c
apit
al.
Sinc
e th
e en
d of
the
Col
d W
ar,
capi
tali
sm h
as g
one
on a
n in
tern
a-ti
onal
bus
ines
s of
fens
ive.
No
long
er i
mpe
ded
by a
n al
tern
ativ
e so
cial
ist
econ
omy
or t
he t
hrea
t of
nat
iona
l li
bera
tion
mov
emen
ts s
uppo
rted
by
the
Sovi
et U
nion
or
Chi
na,
tran
snat
iona
l co
rpor
atio
ns s
ee t
he w
orld
as
thei
r oy
ster
. A
genc
ies
such
as
the
Wor
ld T
rade
O
rgan
izat
ion,
W
orld
Ban
k, a
nd t
he I
nter
nati
onal
Mon
etar
y F
und,
bol
ster
ed b
y ag
reem
ents
like
NA
FTA
an
d G
AT
T a
re p
utti
ng m
ore
and
mor
e po
wer
int
o th
eha
nds
of t
rans
nati
onal
cor
pora
tion
s by
put
ting
the
squ
eeze
on
nati
onal
gove
rnm
ents
. T
he p
rim
ary
mec
hani
sm o
f co
ntro
l is
deb
t. F
or d
ecad
es,
deve
lopi
ng
coun
trie
s ha
ve
depe
nded
on
fo
reig
n lo
ans,
re
sult
ing
inin
crea
sing
vul
nera
bili
ty t
o th
e tr
ansn
atio
nal c
orpo
rate
str
ateg
y fo
r th
egl
obal
eco
nom
y. A
cces
s to
int
erna
tion
al c
redi
t an
d ai
d is
giv
en o
nly
ifgo
vern
men
ts a
gree
to
cert
ain
cond
itio
ns k
now
n as
"st
ruct
ural
adj
ust-
men
t."
In a
nut
shel
l, s
truc
tura
l adj
ustm
ent
requ
ires
cut
s in
soc
ial s
ervi
ces,
priv
atiz
atio
n of
sta
te-r
un i
ndus
try,
repe
al o
f ag
reem
ents
wit
h la
bor
abou
tw
orki
ng c
ondi
tion
s an
d m
inim
um w
age,
con
vers
ion
of m
ulti
use
far
mla
nds
into
cas
h cr
op a
gric
ultu
re f
or e
xpor
t, an
d th
e di
sman
tlin
g of
tra
dela
ws
whi
ch p
rote
ct l
ocal
eco
nom
ies.
Und
er s
truc
tura
l adj
ustm
ent,
pol
ice
and
mil
itar
y ex
pend
itur
es a
re t
he
only
gov
ernm
ent
spen
ding
tha
t is
enco
urag
ed.
The
sov
erei
gnty
of
nati
ons
is c
ompr
omis
ed w
hen,
as
in t
heca
se o
f V
ietn
am,
trad
e sa
ncti
ons
are
thre
aten
ed u
nles
s th
e go
vern
men
tal
low
s C
amel
ci
gare
ttes
to
litt
er
the
coun
trys
ide
wit
h bi
llbo
ards
, or
prom
ises
to
sp
end
mil
lion
s in
th
e U
.S.-
orch
estr
ated
cr
ackd
own
ondr
ugs. T
he b
asic
tra
nsna
tion
al c
orpo
rate
phi
loso
phy
is th
is:
the
wor
ld i
s a
sing
le m
arke
t; n
atur
al r
esou
rces
are
to
be e
xplo
ited
; pe
ople
are
con
-su
mer
s; a
nyth
ing
whi
ch h
inde
rs p
rofi
t is
to b
e ro
uted
out
and
des
troy
ed.
The
re
sult
s of
thi
s ph
ilos
ophy
in
acti
on a
re t
hat
whi
le e
cono
mie
s ar
egr
owin
g, s
o is
pov
erty
, so
is e
colo
gica
l de
stru
ctio
n, s
o ar
e sw
eats
hops
and
14
The
Pri
son
Ind
ust
rial
Com
plex
child
lab
or.
Acr
oss
the
glob
e, w
ages
are
plu
mm
etin
g, i
ndig
enou
s pe
ople
are
bein
g fo
rced
off
the
ir l
ands
, ri
vers
are
bec
omin
g in
dust
rial
dum
ping
grou
nds,
and
for
ests
are
bei
ng o
blit
erat
ed.
Mas
sive
reg
iona
l st
arva
tion
and
"Wor
ld B
ank
riot
s" a
re b
ecom
ing
mor
e fr
eque
nt t
hrou
ghou
t th
eT
hird
Wor
ld.
All
ove
r th
e w
orld
, m
ore
and
mor
e pe
ople
are
bei
ng f
orce
d in
to i
lle-
gal a
ctiv
ity f
or t
heir
ow
n su
rviv
al a
s tr
adit
iona
l cu
ltur
es a
nd s
ocia
l st
ruc-
ture
s ar
e de
stro
yed.
Ine
vita
bly,
cri
me
and
impr
ison
men
t ra
tes
are
on t
heri
se. A
nd t
he U
nite
d S
tate
s la
w e
nfor
cem
ent e
stab
lish
men
t is
in t
he f
ore-
fron
t, do
mes
tica
lly
and
inte
rnat
iona
lly,
in
pr
ovid
ing
stat
e-of
-the
-art
repr
essi
on.
Wit
hin
the
Uni
ted
Sta
tes,
str
uctu
ral
adju
stm
ent
(som
etim
es k
now
nas
the
Con
trac
t W
ith
Am
eric
a) t
akes
the
for
m o
f w
elfa
re a
nd s
ocia
l se
r-vi
ce c
uts,
con
tinu
ed m
assi
ve m
ilit
ary
spen
ding
, an
d sk
yroc
keti
ng p
riso
nsp
endi
ng.
Wal
k th
roug
h an
y po
or u
rban
nei
ghbo
rhoo
d: s
choo
l sy
stem
sar
e cr
umbl
ing,
aft
er
scho
ol p
rogr
ams,
lib
rari
es,
park
s an
d dr
ug t
reat
-m
ent
cent
ers
are
clos
ed.
But
you
will
see
mor
e po
lice
stat
ions
and
mor
e
cops
. O
ften
, th
e on
ly "
soci
al s
ervi
ce"
avai
labl
e to
poo
r yo
ung
peop
le i
sja
il.
The
dis
man
tlin
g of
soc
ial p
rogr
ams,
and
the
gro
win
g do
min
ance
of
the
righ
t-w
ing
agen
da i
n U
.S.
poli
tics
has
bee
n m
ade
poss
ible
, at
leas
t in
part
, by
the
succ
essf
ul r
epre
ssio
n of
the
civ
il ri
ghts
and
lib
erat
ion
mov
e-m
ents
of
the
1960
s an
d 70
s. M
any
of t
he l
eade
rs,
Mar
tin
Lut
her
Kin
gJr
., M
alco
lm
X,
Fre
d H
amp
ton
, an
d m
any
othe
rs w
ere
assa
ssin
ated
.O
ther
s, l
ike
Ger
onim
o ji
Jag
a P
ratt
, L
eona
rd P
eltie
r, a
nd M
umia
Abu
-Ja
mal
, ha
ve b
een
lock
ed u
p. O
ver
150
poli
tica
l le
ader
s fr
om t
he b
lack
The
Pris
on I
nd
ust
rial
Com
plex
15
liber
atio
n st
rugg
le,
the
Puer
to R
ican
in
depe
nden
ce
mov
emen
t, an
dot
her
resi
stan
ce e
ffor
ts a
re s
till
in p
riso
n. M
any
are
serv
ing
sent
ence
sra
ngin
g fr
om 4
0 to
90
year
s. O
ppre
ssed
com
mun
itie
s ha
ve b
een
robb
edof
rad
ical
pol
itica
l lea
ders
hip
whi
ch m
ight
hav
e le
d an
opp
ositi
on m
ove-
men
t. W
e ar
e re
apin
g th
e re
sults
.T
he n
umbe
r of
peo
ple
in U
.S.
pris
ons
has
mor
e th
an t
ripl
ed i
n th
epa
st 1
7 ye
ars f
rom
500
,000
in
1980
to
1.8
mil
lion
in 1
997.
Tod
ay,
mor
eth
an f
ive
mil
lion
peo
ple
are
behi
nd b
ars,
on
paro
le, p
roba
tion
, or
und
erot
her
supe
rvis
ion
by th
e cr
imin
al ju
stic
e sy
stem
. The
sta
te o
f C
alif
orni
ano
w s
pend
s m
ore
on p
riso
ns t
han
on h
ighe
r ed
ucat
ion,
and
ove
r th
e pa
stde
cade
has
bui
lt 1
9 pr
ison
s an
d on
ly o
ne b
ranc
h un
iver
sity
.A
dd t
o th
is,
the
fact
tha
t in
crea
sing
num
bers
of
wom
en a
re b
eing
lock
ed u
p. B
etw
een
1980
and
199
4,
the
num
ber
of w
omen
in
pris
onin
crea
sed
five
-fol
d, a
nd w
omen
now
mak
e up
the
fas
test
gro
win
g se
g-m
ent
of t
he p
riso
n po
pula
tion
. M
ost
of t
hese
wom
en a
re m
othe
rs l
eav-
ing
futu
re g
ener
atio
ns g
row
ing
up i
n fo
ster
hom
es o
r on
the
str
eets
.W
elco
me
to t
he N
ew W
orld
Ord
er.
WH
AT
IS
TO
BE
DO
NE
?Pr
ison
s ar
e no
t re
duci
ng c
rim
e. B
ut t
hey
are
frac
turi
ng a
lrea
dy v
ul-
nera
ble
fam
ilies
and
com
mun
itie
s.Po
or p
eopl
e of
col
or a
re b
eing
loc
ked
up i
n gr
ossl
y di
spro
port
ion-
ate
num
bers
, pr
imar
ily f
or n
on-v
iole
nt
crim
es.
But
Am
eric
ans
are
not
feel
ing
safe
r.A
s "c
rim
inal
s" b
ecom
e sc
apeg
oats
for
our
flo
unde
ring
eco
nom
y an
dou
r de
teri
orat
ing
soci
al s
truc
ture
, ev
en t
he g
uise
of
reha
bilit
atio
n is
quic
kly
disa
ppea
ring
fro
m o
ur p
enal
phi
loso
phy.
Aft
er a
ll: r
ehab
ilita
tefo
r w
hat?
To
go b
ack
into
an
econ
omy
whi
ch h
as n
o jo
bs?
To
go b
ack
into
a c
omm
unit
y w
hich
has
no
hope
? A
s ed
ucat
ion
and
othe
r pr
ison
prog
ram
s ar
e cu
t ba
ck,
or i
n m
ost
case
s el
imin
ated
alto
geth
er,
pris
ons
are
beco
min
g va
st,
over
-cro
wde
d, h
oldi
ng
tank
s. O
r w
orse
: fa
ctor
ies
behi
nd b
ars.
And
, pr
ison
lab
or is
und
ercu
ttin
g w
ages
, som
ethi
ng w
hich
hur
ts a
llw
orki
ng a
nd p
oor
Am
eric
ans.
It's
a s
itua
tion
whi
ch
can
only
occ
urbe
caus
e or
gani
zed
labo
r is
div
ided
and
wea
k an
d ha
s no
t ke
pt s
tep
with
orga
nize
d ca
pita
l.W
hile
cap
ital
has
glo
baliz
ed, l
abor
has
not
. W
hile
the
tra
nsna
tion
-al
s tr
uly
are
fash
ioni
ng o
ur p
lane
t in
to a
glo
bal v
illag
e, th
ere
is s
till
little
com
mun
icat
ion
or c
oope
rati
on
betw
een
wor
kers
aro
und
the
wor
ld.
16
The
Pris
on I
nd
ust
rial
Com
plex
Onl
y an
int
erna
tion
ally
link
ed la
bor m
ovem
ent
can
effe
ctiv
ely
chal
leng
eth
e po
wer
of
the
tran
snat
iona
l co
rpor
atio
ns.
The
re h
ave
been
som
e w
onde
rful
, shi
ning
ins
tanc
es o
f int
erna
tion
-al
wor
ker
solid
arity
. In
the
ear
ly 1
980s
, 3M
wor
kers
in
Sout
h A
fric
aw
alke
d ou
t in
sup
port
of
stri
king
3M
wor
kers
in
New
Jer
sey.
Rec
ently
,lo
ngsh
ore
wor
kers
in D
enm
ark,
Spa
in, S
wed
en a
nd s
ever
al o
ther
cou
n-tr
ies
clos
ed
dow
n po
rts
arou
nd t
he w
orld
in
sol
idar
ity
wit
h st
riki
ngL
iver
pool
doc
kers
. W
hen
Ren
ault
clos
ed i
ts p
lant
in
Bel
gium
, 10
0,00
0de
mon
stra
ted
in B
russ
els,
pre
ssur
ing
the
Fren
ch a
nd B
elgi
um g
over
n-m
ents
to
cond
emn
the
plan
t cl
osur
e an
d co
mpe
l its
reop
enin
g.H
ere
in t
he U
.S.,
ther
e is
a g
lim
mer
of
hope
as
the
AF
L-C
IO h
asvo
ted
in s
ome
new
, m
ore
prog
ress
ive
lead
ersh
ip. W
e'll
see
how
tha
tsh
apes
up,
and
whe
ther
the
las
t 50
yea
rs o
f an
ti-c
omm
unis
t, br
ead-
and-
butt
er A
mer
ican
uni
onis
m i
s re
ally
a t
hing
of
the
past
.W
hat
is c
erta
in
is t
hat
resi
stan
ce
to t
he t
rans
natio
nal
corp
orat
eag
enda
is
grow
ing
arou
nd t
he g
lobe
:
• In
199
6, t
he p
eopl
e of
Bou
gain
vill
e, a
sm
all
New
Gui
nea
isla
nd,
orga
nize
d a
sece
ssio
nist
reb
ellio
n, p
rote
stin
g th
e di
sloc
atio
ns a
ndec
olog
ical
des
truc
tion
caus
ed b
y co
rpor
ate
min
ing
on t
he i
slan
d.W
hen
the
gove
rnm
ent h
ired
mer
cena
ries
from
Sou
th A
fric
a to
trai
nlo
cal
troo
ps i
n co
unte
rins
urge
ncy w
arfa
re,
the
arm
y re
bell
ed, t
hrew
out
the
mer
cena
ries
, and
dep
osed
the
Pri
me
Min
iste
r.
• A
one
day
Gen
eral
Str
ike
shut
dow
n H
aiti
in J
anua
ry 1
997.
Str
iker
sde
man
ded
the
susp
ensi
on o
f ne
goti
atio
ns b
etw
een
the
Prim
eM
inis
ter
and
the
Inte
rnat
iona
l Mon
etar
y F
und/
Wor
ld B
ank.
The
ypr
otes
ted
the
aust
erity
m
easu
res
impo
sed
by t
he I
MF
and
WB
whi
ch w
ould
mea
n la
ying
off
7,0
00 g
over
nmen
t wor
kers
and
the
priv
atiz
atio
n of
the
ele
ctri
c an
d te
leph
one
com
pani
es.
• In
Nig
eria
, th
e O
goni
pe
ople
con
duct
ed a
pro
trac
ted
eigh
t ye
arst
rugg
le a
gain
st S
hell
Oil.
Aci
d ra
in,
and
hund
reds
of
oil
spill
s an
dga
s fla
res w
ere
turn
ing
the
once
fer
tile
coun
trys
ide
into
a n
ear w
aste
-la
nd.
The
ir p
eace
ful
dem
onst
rati
ons,
ele
ctio
n bo
ycot
ts,
and
plea
sfo
r in
tern
atio
nal
solid
arity
w
ere
met
w
ith
viol
ent
gove
rnm
ent
repr
essi
on a
nd t
he e
vent
ual e
xecu
tion
of
Ogo
ni w
rite
r le
ader
Ken
Saro
Wiw
a.
The
Pris
on I
nd
ust
rial
Com
plex
17
• In
Fra
nce,
a m
onth
-lon
g G
ener
al S
trik
e un
ited
mil
lion
s of
wor
kers
who
pro
test
ed p
riva
tiza
tion
, a
gove
rnm
ent
wor
ker
pay
free
ze,
and
cutb
acks
in
soci
al s
ervi
ces.
Tel
epho
ne,
airl
ine,
pow
er,
post
al,
educ
a-ti
on,
heal
th
care
and
m
etal
wor
kers
all
joi
ned
toge
ther
, br
ingi
ngbu
sine
ss t
o a
stan
dsti
ll.
The
ri
ght-
win
g C
hira
c go
vern
men
t w
asfo
rced
to
mak
e m
inor
con
cess
ions
bef
ore
bein
g vo
ted
out
for
a ne
w"s
ocia
list"
adm
inis
trat
ion.
• A
t th
e O
ak P
ark
Hei
ghts
Cor
rect
iona
l Fa
cilit
y in
Min
neso
ta,
150
pris
oner
s w
ent
on s
trik
e in
Mar
ch 1
997,
dem
andi
ng t
o be
pai
d th
em
inim
um w
age.
Alt
houg
h th
ey l
ost
a lit
igat
ion
batt
le t
o at
tain
thi
sri
ght,
thei
r st
rike
gai
ned
atte
ntio
n an
d su
ppor
t fr
om s
ever
al l
ocal
labo
r un
ions
.
Just
as
the
pris
on i
ndus
tria
l com
plex
is
beco
min
g in
crea
sing
ly c
en-
tral
to
the
grow
th o
f th
e U
.S.
econ
omy,
pri
sone
rs a
re a
cru
cial
par
t of
buil
ding
eff
ectiv
e op
posi
tion
to
th
e tr
ansn
atio
nal
corp
orat
e ag
enda
.B
ecau
se o
f th
eir
enfo
rced
inv
isib
ility
, po
wer
less
ness
, an
d is
olat
ion,
it's
far
too
com
mon
for
pri
sone
rs to
be
left
out
of t
he e
quat
ion
of i
nter
nati
on-
al s
olid
arity
. Y
et, o
ppos
ing
the
expa
nsio
n of
the
pri
son
indu
stri
al c
om-
plex
, ari
d su
ppor
ting
the
rig
hts
and
basi
c hu
man
ity
of p
riso
ners
, may
be
the
only
way
we
can
stav
e of
f th
e co
nsol
idat
ion
of a
pol
ice
stat
e th
atre
pres
ses
us a
ll, w
here
you
or
a fr
iend
or
fam
ily
mem
ber
may
you
rsel
fen
d up
beh
ind
bars
.C
lear
ly, t
he o
nly
alte
rnat
ive
that
will
mat
ch t
he p
ower
of g
loba
l ca
p-ita
l is
an
inte
rnat
iona
liza
tion
of
hum
an s
olid
arit
y. B
ecau
se, t
ruly
, we
are
all
in t
his
toge
ther
.
18
The
Pris
on I
nd
ust
rial
Com
plex
"Int
erna
tion
al s
olid
arit
y is
not
an
act
of c
hari
ty.
It i
s an
act
of
unit
y be
twee
n al
lies
figh
ting
on
diff
er-
ent
terr
ains
tow
ard
the
sam
e ob
ject
ive.
The
for
emos
tof
the
se o
bjec
tives
is
to a
id t
he d
evel
opm
ent
ofhu
man
ity
to t
he h
ighe
st l
evel
pos
sibl
e."
Sam
ara
Mac
hel
(193
3-19
86)
Lead
er
ofF
RE
LIM
OF
irst
Pre
side
nt o
f M
ozam
biqu
e
The
Pris
on I
nd
ust
rial
Com
plex
19
Ref
eren
ces
Boo
ks:
Bur
ton-
Ros
e, D
anie
l, D
an P
ens
and
Paul
Wri
ght
(eds
)T
he C
elli
ng o
f A
mer
ica:
An
Insi
de L
ook
at t
he U
S P
riso
nIn
dust
ry,
Com
mon
Cou
rage
Pre
ss,
1998
.D
onzi
ger,
Ste
phen
R.
(ed)
, The
Rea
l War
On
Cri
me,
Har
per
Per
enni
al, 1
996.
Ros
enba
ltt,
Elih
u (e
d),
Cri
min
al I
njus
tice
, S
outh
End
Pre
ss,
1996
.
Pri
nt A
rtic
les:
"A M
atte
r of
Fac
t," P
riso
n L
egal
New
s, D
ec.
1996
."A
noth
er F
ace
of N
eo-L
iber
alis
m:
Dru
g T
raff
icki
ng a
ndC
omm
erci
al B
anks
," B
ulld
ozer
. R
epri
nted
fro
m "
Rep
ort
onC
anad
a's
Sixt
h Y
ear
in t
he O
AS:
Foc
us o
n C
orru
ptio
n,"
Can
ada
- A
mer
icas
Pol
icy A
lter
nati
ves.
Ber
nste
in,
Den
nis
and
Les
lie K
ean,
"Pe
ople
Of
The
Opi
ate,
"T
he N
atio
n, D
ec.
16,
1996
."C
oca
Cla
shes
: C
olom
bia,
" T
he E
cono
mis
t, A
ug.
17,'1
996.
Coo
per,
Mar
c, "
Lab
or D
eals
a N
ew H
and,
" T
he N
atio
n,M
arch
24,
199
7.D
ay,
Chr
isto
pher
, "N
eoli
bera
lism
and
Wor
ld R
evol
utio
n,"
Lov
e an
d R
age.
Mar
/Apr
. 19
97.
Dun
kel,
G.,
"Gen
eral
Str
ike
Shu
ts H
aiti
For
a D
ay,"
Wor
kers
Wor
ld. J
an.
30,
1997
.D
unne
, B
ill, "
The
New
Pla
ntat
ion"
, Pri
son
Leg
al N
ews,
Feb
.
1997
."F
urni
ture
Man
ufac
ture
rs T
hrea
tene
d by
UN
ICO
R,"
Pris
on L
egal
New
s, J
uly
1996
.G
ille
nkir
k, J
eff
and
Bri
an W
ilso
n, "
Mex
ican
Unr
est
The
'80
sPa
ralle
ls,"
San
Fra
ncis
co C
hron
icle
, Ju
ne 1
0, 1
997.
20
The
Pri
son
In
du
stri
al C
ompl
ex
• "L
atin
Am
eric
a's
Oth
er H
osta
ges,
" T
he E
cono
mis
t, Ja
n. 2
5,19
97.
• "L
eftis
t C
olom
bian
Reb
els
Free
70
Tro
ops
Aft
er A
rmy
Ful
lbac
k,"
Chr
onic
le N
ews
Serv
ices
, San
Fra
ncis
co
Chr
onic
le, J
une
16,
1997
.•
"Min
neso
ta P
riso
ners
Str
ike
for
Min
imum
Wag
e,"
Pris
on L
egal
New
s, J
uly,
199
6. R
epri
nted
fro
m W
orke
rsW
orld
. M
arch
21,
199
6.
• M
ollin
s, C
arl
"Pri
sons
For
Pro
fit,"
Mac
lean
's, J
une
5, 1
995.
• Pa
rent
i, C
hris
tian,
"In
side
Job
s,"
New
Sta
tesm
an, N
ov.
3, 1
995.
• P
aren
ti,
Chr
isti
an,
"Mak
ing
Pris
ons
Pay,
" T
he N
atio
n.Ja
n. 2
9,
1996
.
• P
aren
ti,
Chr
isti
an,
"Pay
Now
, P
ay L
ater
," T
he P
rogr
essi
ve,
July
26,
19
96.
• "S
econ
d C
ircu
it R
ejec
ts P
riso
n FL
SA C
laim
, M
odif
ies
Sta
ndar
d,"
Pri
son
Leg
al N
ews,
Jan
. 19
97.
• "S
tand
ing
guar
d fo
r U
ncle
Sam
: C
olom
bia,
" T
he E
cono
mis
t,Ja
n. 1
4, 1
995.
• W
ebb,
Gar
y an
d Pa
mel
a K
ram
er, "
Dru
g D
eale
r T
old
ofR
elti
onsh
ip W
ith
CIA
," K
nigh
t-R
idde
r/T
ribu
ne N
ews
Serv
ice,
Oct
. 5,
199
6.•
Wis
ely,
Will
ie,
"The
Bot
tom
Lin
e: C
alif
orni
a's P
riso
nIn
dust
ry A
utho
rity
," O
ut O
f T
ime,
Feb
. 19
96.
Inte
rnet
Art
icle
s:•
Dro
pkin
, G
reg,
"W
orld
wid
e A
ctio
n In
Sup
port
of
Mer
sey,
"
Lab
ourN
et R
epor
t.•
Haq
, F
arha
n, "
U.S
.-V
ietn
am:
McD
onal
d's
'Hap
py M
eals
'
Mak
e W
orke
rs S
ad,"
Int
er P
ress
Ser
vice
.•
Low
ry, S
uzan
ne, "
Fren
ch S
trik
ers
Win
Fir
st R
ound
,"L
abor
Net
Rep
ort.
• T
ran,
Dr.
Ho,
and
Tak
ano,
Mar
k, "
Just
Don
't D
o It
Say
No
To
Lab
or E
xplo
itat
ion,
" O
pen
Let
ter,
Nov
. 18
, 19
96.
The
Pris
on I
ndus
tria
l C
ompl
ex
21
Res
ourc
e Li
st
Out
of
Tim
e35
43 1
8th
St.
Box
30
San
Fran
cisc
o, C
A 9
4110
outo
ftim
e@ig
c.ap
c.or
gN
ewsl
ette
r of
the
Out
of
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bian
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mit
tee
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uppo
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omen
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itica
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ners
and
Pri
sone
rs o
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ar
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erta
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D
ivis
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Chi
cago
, IL
606
22L
iber
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form
atio
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om t
he N
atio
nal
Com
mit
tee
to F
ree
Pue
rto
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an P
riso
ners
of
War
Pri
son
Leg
al N
ews
2400
NW
80t
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t. #1
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attle
, WA
981
17
The
Fir
e In
side
c/o
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ifor
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Coa
liti
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or W
omen
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sone
rs10
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San
Fran
cisc
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A 9
4102
http
://w
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just
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oner
s/w
omen
Coa
liti
on f
or P
riso
ners
Rig
hts
Box
191
1Sa
nta
Fe,
NM
875
04
Wal
king
Ste
el /
Can
't Ja
il t
he S
piri
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ox 5
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hica
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IL 6
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ML
@ao
l.com
Wal
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Ste
el c
arri
es w
ritt
en m
ater
ials
inc
ludi
ng a
col
lect
ion
ofbi
os o
n so
me
of t
he c
urre
nt p
olit
ical
pri
sone
rs i
n th
e U
.S.
Cal
ifor
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Pri
son
Focu
s24
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issi
on S
t. #2
8Sa
n Fr
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sco,
CA
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s Ju
st I
n10
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tlet
tAve
.Pi
ttsfi
ekL
MA
01
201
22
Th
e P
riso
n In
du
stri
al C
om
ple
x
Tra
nsfo
rmat
ion
c/o
Wom
en's
Proj
ect
2224
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n St
.L
ittl
e R
ock,
AR
722
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proj
ect@
aol.c
omA
qua
rter
ly n
ewsl
ette
r fo
r so
cial
and
eco
nom
ic ju
stic
e by
gro
ups
wor
king
wit
h w
omen
pri
sone
rs s
ince
198
9
PWA
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G i
nc16
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N.
Wilc
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ve #
537
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Ang
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gnew
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uart
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pub
lish
ed b
y Pr
ison
ers
wit
h A
IDS
Rig
hts A
dvoc
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Gro
up I
nc.
RA
ZE
the
WA
LL
SB
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rlan
do,
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Prov
ides
pri
sone
r su
ppor
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wor
k
Pri
son
Act
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ente
rPO
Box
339
Ber
kele
y, C
A 9
4701
Tel
: 51
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x: 5
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parc
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w.p
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.ucs
d.e
du
/-ab
ct
Cri
tica
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tan
ce:
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on
d th
e P
riso
n In
du
stri
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oB
ox 3
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kele
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• w
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.igc.
org/
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ticc
'cri
tical
A n
atio
nal
conf
eren
ce a
nd .
stra
tegy
ses
sion
Sep
tem
ber
25-2
7 at
UC
Ber
kele
y. C
alif
orni
a
The
Pri
son
in
du
stri
al C
om
ple
x 23
Eve
Gol
dber
g (l
eft)
is
a w
rite
r, f
ilm m
aker
, and
sol
idar
ity
and
pris
oner
s' r
ight
s ac
tivi
st.
She
lives
in
Sant
a M
onic
a, C
alif
orni
a.
Lin
da E
vans
(ri
ght)
is
an a
nti-i
mpe
rial
ist
polit
ical
pr
ison
erse
rvin
g a
40 y
ear
sent
ence
fo
r ac
tion
s ag
ains
t th
e U
S go
vern
-m
ent.
Sh
e ha
s be
en i
ncar
cera
ted
at
the
Fede
ral
Cor
rect
iona
lIn
stit
ute
in D
ublin
, C
alif
orni
a fo
r th
e pa
st 1
2 ye
ars.
Wri
te t
o he
r: L
inda
Eva
ns #
1997
3-05
457
01 8
th S
tree
t, D
ublin
, C
A 9
4568
Pri
son
Sta
tis
tic
sT
he f
emal
e pr
ison
pop
ulat
ion
has
rise
n27
5% s
ince
198
090
% o
f w
omen
in
pris
on a
rc s
ingl
em
othe
rs -
the
re a
re 1
67,0
00 c
hild
ren
wit
h in
carc
erat
ed
mot
hers
80%
of
wom
en r
epor
t in
com
es o
f le
ssth
an $
2,oo
o a
year
, 92
% l
ess
than
10,0
00 o
ne y
ear
ago
1980
: 33
% o
f fe
dera
l pr
ison
ers
wer
epe
ople
of
colo
r, in
199
5: 6
4%1,
471
Afr
ican
Am
eric
an p
er 1
00,0
00w
ere
inca
rcer
ated
in
1993
/ 2
07 w
hite
spe
r 10
0,00
0 in
carc
erat
ed19
95:
whi
tes
acco
unt
for
52%
of
all
crac
k us
ers,
Afr
ican
Am
eric
ans:
38%
How
ever
, of
tho
se s
ente
nced
for
cra
ckof
fens
es -
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r a
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auer
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r.Pr
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itho
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ight
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.In
199
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ated
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mes
.Pr
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ied
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ical
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erm
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imes
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-m
itte
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t fo
r po
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cal
belie
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tivi
ties
