NANOTECHNOLOGY – THE FUTURE TECHNOLOGYDone by: Liau Yuan Wei (3A317)

NANOTECHNOLOGY?

Nano = Very tiny Study of the controlling of matter on an

atomic scale 1 to 100 nanometer!!!

NANOMATERIALS? A study of materials with morphological

features on the nanoscale

NANOPARTICLE?

Particles having one or more dimensions of the order of 100nm or less

Building blocks of nanotechnology Bridge between bulk materials and atomic or

molecular structures They form nanomaterials

HOW TO CREATE THEM?

High Gravity Controlled Precipitation (HGCP) Developed based on fundamental mass

transfer principles Micro mixing of the reaction phases is

achieved in microseconds Reaction phases brought together under a

high gravity environment.

HGCP

ADVANTAGES

Scalability: Cost effective scale up for large scale production of nanomaterials

Control: Good control over quality, particle size, distribution and particle shape

Versatility: Can create any type of nanomaterials

ONE REAL-LIFE EXAMPLE

NMT announced today that it has signed an exclusive licensing agreement with Winsunny Pharma for the use of HGCP Technology to manufacture a generic version of a world-wide hyperlipidemia-controlling drug in China with a potential market size of over US$900 million.

NANOGOLDAn example of a nanoparticle

VS

PROPERTIES

A shiny, yellow metal

Does not tarnish, Face centred cubic

structure Non-magnetic Melts at 1336 K.

Can turns red, blue, yellow and other colours.

A very good catalyst A semiconductor Melting point

decreases dramatically as the size decreases

Gold Nanogold

HOW?

It is possible to tailor the properties of their nanoparticles assemblies by varying the size and composition of the particles.

By heating these nanoparticle arrays at different rates, it introduces instability into the structure of nanogold. (Form nanowires)

Scientists in Japan discovered 10 years ago that gold displays fantastic catalytic abilities when it is shrunk to 3 to 5 nm in size.

USES

Staining of Glass The Romans found that they could get

several colours out of the same gold particles simply by adding water and diluting the potion.

Rediscovered by Michael Faraday in the 1850s

USES

Saving the Environment Nanogold technologies are showing great

promise in providing solutions to a number of environmentally important issues.

E.g: greener production methods of chemical feed-stocks, countering pollution and water purification.

USES

Catalysts Can prevent the release of high amounts of

mercury into the atmosphere. Constructing cost effective and efficient fuel

cells, a key 'clean-energy' technology of the future.

USES

Tumors Using nanogold for tumour targeting technologies

to deliver drugs directly into cancerous tumours. Gold nanoparticles are introduced into the veins

and guided by a spectroscope to locate problem tumours; they are then injected into the tumour along with an antibody to stop the tumour’s ability to grow

Can be used to do a quick test for cancerous cells Also can be used in X-Rays to provide a better

vision of the human body

USES

Advanced Technologies The key driver of future electronics solutions. Shown to offer functional benefits for visual

display technologies such as touch sensitive screens.

Potential usage for advanced data storage technologies such as advanced flash memory devices.

USES

Cancers Scientists are able to do these: Using gold nanoparticles to locate and kill cancer

cells inside the body without harming healthy cells Collecting and characterizing tumour cells in a

person’s bloodstream with microfluidic devices Determining which gases exhaled in a person’s

breath indicate the presence of breast cancer Detecting ovarian cancer from patterns of

metabolites found in a drop of blood

REFERENCES

http://www.malvern.com/labeng/industry/nanotechnology/nanoparticles_definition.htm

http://www.nanomt.com.sg/tech.asp http://

www.nanotech-now.com/news.cgi?story_id=37700

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/04/040428062059.htm

http://www.scitopics.com/Nanogold_chemistry.html

REFERENCES

http://www.mi2g.com/cgi/mi2g/frameset.php?pageid=http%3A//www.mi2g.com/cgi/mi2g/press/110210.php

http://www.nanowerk.com/news/newsid=15631.php

http://mayoresearch.mayo.edu/dev_lab/nanogold.cfm