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MWM 706, 2009
Land Tenure in Watersheds
Masters Program in Integrated Watershed Management (IWM)
Presenter: Ishmail Mahiri (PhD)
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MWM 706, 2009
Definition
Land tenure refers to the manner in which land is owned, occupied, used and disposed off within a community.
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MWM 706, 2009
Tenure TypesBasically, there are three categories
of land tenure:1. Public/state2. Private/Freehold3. Communal/Customary
There is a fourth category known as open access
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MWM 706, 2009
Examples in Eastern Africa
Mailo (Uganda) – a mix of customary and freehold
Trust land (Kenya) – land entrusted to local authorities by government
Open access (Tanzania) 4
MWM 706, 2009
Land tenure in relation to Watershed Management
Tenure system is a critical variable in the management of watersheds
Each tenure system may have positive and negative implications on WM
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MWM 706, 2009
Relation to WM - cont…i. Private
Positive: Encourages investment in permanent structures for environmental management
Negative: Possible source of conflict for upstream/downstream users
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MWM 706, 2009
Relation to WM- cont…ii. Customary/communal
Positive: Coordinated planning and decision making process
Negative: Undermines security of tenure for individual investment
iii. Public/statePositive: Government has
sovereign right to implement any WM strategies
Negative: Subject to abuse by state officials 7
MWM 706, 2009
SummaryEach tenure system has both positive and
negative effects
Different watersheds have unique features that are country and culture-specific
Different tenure systems coexist
Finally, all tenure systems are subject to state intervention in case of misuse.
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MWM 706, 2009
AcknowledgementsThis screen cast was produced in the
frame of e-learning for Integrated Watershed Management, funded by DAAD and European Union, and prepared by:
Bukirwa Faridah (University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania)
Fungo Bernard (Makerere University, Uganda)
Mahiri Ishmail (Kenyata University, Kenya)
Nandozi Carolyn (Makerere University, Uganda)
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