MWH.D.enlighten Revolutions.susanna Yun, Yeji Lee, Yoojin Jung

8/3/2019 MWH.D.enlighten Revolutions.susanna Yun, Yeji Lee, Yoojin Jung

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The 13Colonies

ofAmerica

Delaware,

Pennsylvania, New Jersey,

Georgia, Connecticut,

Massachusetts Bay, Maryland,

South Caroliana, NewHampshire, Virginia, New

York, North Carolian, and

Rhode Island and Providence

Plantations

nnn

THOMASJEFFERSON(APRIL 13,1743-JULY 4,1826)Born in Albemarle County,Virginia, Thomas Jefferson waswell-known for his talent inwriting. On June 11, 1776,Jefferson was chosen as the

leader of a committee of five towrite the Declaration ofIndependence. He based thedocument on John Lockes ideaof natural rights . Jefferson tookdifferent positions in thegovernment and became the

presidentof theUnitedStates in1800.

zThe SettingzAMERICANRevolution

S U S A N N A Y U N , Y E J I L E E , Y O O J I N J U N G

the

The Start of American Revolution

(April 19, 1775)

The Battle of Lexingtonand Concord took place onApril 19, 1775. The Britishsoldiers came to Lexingtonand had a stand off withthe minutemen. Then,some a fired ashot,starting the AmericanRevolution. At the sound ofthe fire, British soldiersstarted to fire at theminutemen.

The End of American Revolution (September 3, 1783)

The last battle of the American Revolutionary War took place atYorktown, Virginia in 1781. Lord Cornwallis, who was incommand of the British army, surrendered on October 19,1781. However, the war officially ended on September 3, 1783by the signing of the Treaty of Paris. Britain agreed torecognize the United States as an independent nation.

Where?

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The Proclamation of 1763 and the GovernmentActsThe British government passed the Navigation Act in 1651,which made trade possible only under British control. King

George III of Britain passed the Proclamation of 1763, which

did not allow the colonist to move over the Appalachian

Mountains. In 1765, the British passed the Stamp Act, which

required tax stamps on 54 kinds of papers. Then, there was the

Townsend Act that taxed all kinds of goods.

Lack of Government RepresentationWhile the British government was continually making new

laws and controlling the colonies, the colonists had no

representatives in England to voice their opinion. As the

British rules got stricter and more ridiculous, the colonist

started to rebel. They began to ignore the British laws and

instead, formed their own laws.

The Problem

The French and Indian WarWhen the British colonists first began to settle in the 13 colonies from 1600s to 1700s, the

colonies were becoming advanced and improving economically quite quickly. However,

after the French and Indian War, the British government began to collect large amounts

of taxes from the colonist to pay the war debts.

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The Goal

INDEPENDENCEThe colonists were tired of King George IIIs

selfish and unfair rules, and were determined

to separate from their home country. The

United States goal was to gain

independence, succeed as a separate country,

and form their own government, where thecitizens would be able to take part in.

THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCEThe Declaration of Independence explains the purpose of

the American Revolution. The document, written by

Thomas Jefferson, claimed that all men are created

equal and therefore have the certain rights that cannot

be taken away. These rights, also called unalienable rights,included Life, Liberty, and Pursuit of Happiness. The

declaration goes on to explain all the wrong actions of the

King. Then, it declared the United States as an

independent nation. The United States adopted the

Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, known as the Independence day.

"We, therefore, the Representatives of the united States of America . . . declare, That

these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States; that

they are Absolved from all Allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political

connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally

dissolved." - The Declaration of Independence

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The EventsAPRIL 19,

1775Battle of

Lexington andConcord

JUNE 17,1775

Battle of

Bunker Hill

SEPT.25,1775

Battle of

Montreal

JUNE 28,1776

Battle of

Charleston

JULY 4,1776

The Declaration

of Independence

DEC.26,1776

Battle ofTrenton

JAN.3,1777Battle ofPrinceton

OCT.17,1777

Battle ofSaratoga

JUNE 28,1778

Battle ofMonmouth

FEB.24,1779

Battle ofVincennes

JAN.17,1781

Battle ofCowpens

MARCH 15,1781

Battle ofGuilford Court

House

OCT.14,1781

Battle ofYorktown

SEPTEMBER3,1783

Treaty of Paris

American Victory

British Victory

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A M E R I C A G A I N S I N D E P E N D E N C ETHE EndingThe Treaty of Paris (September 3, 1783)The Treaty of Paris ended the American Revolution. Benjamin Franklin, John

Adams, and John Jay signed the treaty in Paris. In the treaty, Britain agreed to

recognize the United States as an independent nation and took its soldiers back toBritain. The lands from Great Lakes to Florida and Atlantic Ocean to the

Mississippi River all belonged to the United States. America also agreed to let the

British troops go back to their homeland, pay their debts to Great Britain, and not

persecute the loyalists.

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Bibliography

Articles1. Lee, Roger A. "The Battles of Lexington and Concord (April 19, 1775)." The History Guy: A

Resource for History, Military History, Politics, and Biography. Roger A. Lee, 21 Sept. 2011. Web. 27 Sept. 2011. .2. White, David. "Treaty of Paris of 1783." Social Studies for Kids. 2009. Web. 28 Sept. 2011.

.4."Thomas Jefferson." The White House. The White House. Web. 28 Sept. 2011. .5. "The Quest for Independence."Kidport. 2011. Web. 28 Sept. 2011. .

6. "Lesson 1 Conflict."Mountain City Elementary School - Mountain City, Tennessee. The Mountain CityElementary. Web. 28 Sept. 2011. .7. "The Declaration of Independence."Revolutionary War and Beyond. 2011. Web. 29 Sept. 2011.

.8. "Declaration of Independence."Kidport. 2011. Web. 29 Sept. 2011. .

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http://www.kidport.com/reflib/usahistory/americanrevolution/DecInd.htmhttp://www.kidport.com/reflib/usahistory/americanrevolution/DecInd.htmhttp://www.revolutionary-war-and-beyond.com/declaration-of-independence.htmlhttp://www.mce.k12tn.net/revolutionary_war/lesson_1.htmhttp://www.kidport.com/reflib/usahistory/americanrevolution/Quest.htmhttp://www.kidport.com/reflib/usahistory/americanrevolution/Quest.htmhttp://www.kidport.com/reflib/usahistory/americanrevolution/Quest.htmhttp://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/thomasjeffersonhttp://www.kidport.com/reflib/usahistory/americanrevolution/DecInd.htmhttp://www.kidport.com/reflib/usahistory/americanrevolution/DecInd.htmhttp://www.kidport.com/reflib/usahistory/americanrevolution/DecInd.htmhttp://www.kidport.com/reflib/usahistory/americanrevolution/DecInd.htmhttp://www.revolutionary-war-and-beyond.com/declaration-of-independence.htmlhttp://www.revolutionary-war-and-beyond.com/declaration-of-independence.htmlhttp://www.mce.k12tn.net/revolutionary_war/lesson_1.htmhttp://www.mce.k12tn.net/revolutionary_war/lesson_1.htmhttp://www.mce.k12tn.net/revolutionary_war/lesson_1.htmhttp://www.mce.k12tn.net/revolutionary_war/lesson_1.htmhttp://www.kidport.com/reflib/usahistory/americanrevolution/Quest.htmhttp://www.kidport.com/reflib/usahistory/americanrevolution/Quest.htmhttp://www.kidport.com/reflib/usahistory/americanrevolution/Quest.htmhttp://www.kidport.com/reflib/usahistory/americanrevolution/Quest.htmhttp://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/thomasjeffersonhttp://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/thomasjeffersonhttp://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/thomasjeffersonhttp://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/thomasjeffersonhttp://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/wwww/us/treatyofparis1783def.htmhttp://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/wwww/us/treatyofparis1783def.htmhttp://www.historyguy.com/lexington_concord_links.htmlhttp://www.historyguy.com/lexington_concord_links.html


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Pictures

1. "The Battle of Lexington and Concord." 'tis Classy. 19 Apr. 2011. Web. 29 Sept. 2011. .2. "The 13 Colonies."HSU Users Web Pages. Web. 27 Sept. 2011. .3. "Thomas Jefferson." The Moral Liberal. 12 Apr. 2011. Web. 28 Sept. 2011. .4. "The Eiffel Tower"American Spa Blog. 17 Aug. 2011. Web. 29 Sept. 2011. .5. "King George III" Cheltenham4u. Web. 29 Sept. 2011. .6. The 13 Colonies Flag. Shepherd.edu. 3 Dec. 2007. Web. 29 Sept. 2011. .7. Trumbull,John. "Signing the Declaration of Independence." ThisNation.com-American

Government & Politics Online. 1817-1818. Web. 29 Sept. 2011. .8. "Declaration of Independence."Blog for Democracy | Progressive Politics in the Peach State. 5 July

2011. Web. 29 Sept. 2011. .9. "StampAct 1764."Elec-Intro Online Shop. 17 Dec. 2009. Web. 29 Sept. 2011. .

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http://www.elec-intro.com/stamp-act-1764http://www.elec-intro.com/stamp-act-1764http://www.elec-intro.com/stamp-act-1764http://www.blogfordemocracy.org/2011/07/declaration-of-independence.htmlhttp://www.blogfordemocracy.org/2011/07/declaration-of-independence.htmlhttp://www.blogfordemocracy.org/2011/07/declaration-of-independence.htmlhttp://thisnation.com/media/photos/signingdec.htmlhttp://thisnation.com/media/photos/signingdec.htmlhttp://webpages.shepherd.edu/IBEICH01/13%20Colonies%20Webquest.htmlhttp://webpages.shepherd.edu/IBEICH01/13%20Colonies%20Webquest.htmlhttp://webpages.shepherd.edu/IBEICH01/13%20Colonies%20Webquest.htmlhttp://webpages.shepherd.edu/IBEICH01/13%20Colonies%20Webquest.htmlhttp://webpages.shepherd.edu/IBEICH01/13%20Colonies%20Webquest.htmlhttp://blog.americanspamag.com/2011/08/openskies-makes-a-paris-spa-trip-pleasurableoffers-discount-to-american-spa-readers/http://blog.americanspamag.com/2011/08/openskies-makes-a-paris-spa-trip-pleasurableoffers-discount-to-american-spa-readers/http://blog.americanspamag.com/2011/08/openskies-makes-a-paris-spa-trip-pleasurableoffers-discount-to-american-spa-readers/http://blog.americanspamag.com/2011/08/openskies-makes-a-paris-spa-trip-pleasurableoffers-discount-to-american-spa-readers/http://blog.americanspamag.com/2011/08/openskies-makes-a-paris-spa-trip-pleasurableoffers-discount-to-american-spa-readers/http://www.themoralliberal.com/2011/04/12/thomas-jefferson/http://www.themoralliberal.com/2011/04/12/thomas-jefferson/http://www.themoralliberal.com/2011/04/12/thomas-jefferson/http://www.elec-intro.com/stamp-act-1764http://www.elec-intro.com/stamp-act-1764http://www.elec-intro.com/stamp-act-1764http://www.elec-intro.com/stamp-act-1764http://www.blogfordemocracy.org/2011/07/declaration-of-independence.htmlhttp://www.blogfordemocracy.org/2011/07/declaration-of-independence.htmlhttp://www.blogfordemocracy.org/2011/07/declaration-of-independence.htmlhttp://www.blogfordemocracy.org/2011/07/declaration-of-independence.htmlhttp://thisnation.com/media/photos/signingdec.htmlhttp://thisnation.com/media/photos/signingdec.htmlhttp://thisnation.com/media/photos/signingdec.htmlhttp://thisnation.com/media/photos/signingdec.htmlhttp://webpages.shepherd.edu/IBEICH01/13%20Colonies%20Webquest.htmlhttp://webpages.shepherd.edu/IBEICH01/13%20Colonies%20Webquest.htmlhttp://webpages.shepherd.edu/IBEICH01/13%20Colonies%20Webquest.htmlhttp://webpages.shepherd.edu/IBEICH01/13%20Colonies%20Webquest.htmlhttp://blog.americanspamag.com/2011/08/openskies-makes-a-paris-spa-trip-pleasurableoffers-discount-to-american-spa-readers/http://blog.americanspamag.com/2011/08/openskies-makes-a-paris-spa-trip-pleasurableoffers-discount-to-american-spa-readers/http://blog.americanspamag.com/2011/08/openskies-makes-a-paris-spa-trip-pleasurableoffers-discount-to-american-spa-readers/http://blog.americanspamag.com/2011/08/openskies-makes-a-paris-spa-trip-pleasurableoffers-discount-to-american-spa-readers/http://blog.americanspamag.com/2011/08/openskies-makes-a-paris-spa-trip-pleasurableoffers-discount-to-american-spa-readers/http://blog.americanspamag.com/2011/08/openskies-makes-a-paris-spa-trip-pleasurableoffers-discount-to-american-spa-readers/http://blog.americanspamag.com/2011/08/openskies-makes-a-paris-spa-trip-pleasurableoffers-discount-to-american-spa-readers/http://blog.americanspamag.com/2011/08/openskies-makes-a-paris-spa-trip-pleasurableoffers-discount-to-american-spa-readers/http://blog.americanspamag.com/2011/08/openskies-makes-a-paris-spa-trip-pleasurableoffers-discount-to-american-spa-readers/http://blog.americanspamag.com/2011/08/openskies-makes-a-paris-spa-trip-pleasurableoffers-discount-to-american-spa-readers/http://www.themoralliberal.com/2011/04/12/thomas-jefferson/http://www.themoralliberal.com/2011/04/12/thomas-jefferson/http://www.themoralliberal.com/2011/04/12/thomas-jefferson/http://www.themoralliberal.com/2011/04/12/thomas-jefferson/http://users.humboldt.edu/ogayle/hist110/unit1/col.htmlhttp://users.humboldt.edu/ogayle/hist110/unit1/col.htmlhttp://users.humboldt.edu/ogayle/hist110/unit1/col.htmlhttp://users.humboldt.edu/ogayle/hist110/unit1/col.htmlhttp://tisclassy.tumblr.com/post/4756996469/the-battle-of-lexington-and-concord-thehttp://tisclassy.tumblr.com/post/4756996469/the-battle-of-lexington-and-concord-thehttp://tisclassy.tumblr.com/post/4756996469/the-battle-of-lexington-and-concord-thehttp://tisclassy.tumblr.com/post/4756996469/the-battle-of-lexington-and-concord-the


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Some backgroundinformation:

Parliament v.s. King:

THE GLORIOUS

REVOLUTIONKing James II Overthrown!The Conflict between Parliament and King James fina!y over.

The Bill of Rights waspassed to make clear thelimits of a rulers power.They included: nosuspending of Parliamentslaws, no levying of taxes

without a grant fromParliament...(read more onpage 5).

MARY AND WILLIAM OF ORANGE NEW RULERS

England welcomes the arrival of its new rulers:Mary and William of Orange. After the long, ongoingdebate about appropriate religious use, between KingJames II and the Parliament, it was finally settledwith the birth of King James Catholic son. Thischild frightened Parliament with the thought of aline of Catholic Kings. James II recently fled to

France, after the challenge that came from present-King William of Oranges army... (read more on page3 and 4).

BILL OF RIGHTSAfter many religious offenses, and the

thought of having a line of Catholic rulers,King James II was overthrown from histhrone, in what is now named the GloriousRevolution. He was then replaced by hiseldest Protestant daughter and herhusband.. (read more on page 3).

KING JAMES KICKED OUT

Charles I was betrayed by hisParliament. The English CivilWar, happened soonafterwards, splitting thenation between (read more onpage 2)

Ever since Charles I, therehave been many differingdisputes between the Kingand his Parliament. Thesedisputes often grew bigger andbigger, until the nation waseither ripped into two, or theKing was overthrownviolently.

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ARY AND WILLIAM OF ORANGE

Mary: the Protestant daughter of the

Catholic King of EnglandWiliam:The prince of the

Netherlands, who eventua!y led histroops to overthrow his father-in-law(King James II)

Charles I Henrietta Maria

Charles II

James Anne Hyde

Mary of Orange William of Orangedaughter

King James was first aProtestant. But, due to hislengthly time in France, he wasexposed to Catholic ideas, andeventually converted (in secret).

Although he had become a

Catholic, King James II stillattended Anglican services andassociated with many Anglicanacquaintances. However, thesecret became public when herefused to take an oathdenouncing the CatholicChurch. His father, Charles II,

who disagreed with King JamesIIs religious beliefs, ordered that

his daughters be raiProtestant environm

KING JAMES PERSONAL LIFE AND RELIGION

KING CHARLES LEGACY

King Charles IIs reign was known as very peaceand joyful- because of the restoration of the crown athe newfound peace of England. However, the plagudid break out during his time. He was known for havno legitimate children, although my illegitimate onethrough his mistresses.

Characters:

-Charles I

-Oliver Cromwell

-Charles II

-James II

-Mary and William of Orange

Place:

-England

-parts of France

Time:

1625-1688

SETTING

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PROBLEMConstant tension between Parliament and the King

ATTEMPTS AT FIXING THE PROBLEM:

Parliament

V.S.

King Charles

King James

OLIVER CROMWELLS GOV.

KING JAMES EXILEMARY AND WILLIAMSCONSTITUTIONAL MONA

winner!

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GOALGoal of Parliament:

At first:

To have a fair, ruler

Later:To have an Anglican

ruler

In the end:

To have a constitutionalmonarchy

IN THE END

FIRST

Oliver Cromwell takes thepower of England away fromthe King and tries to create aRepublican-like government.

LATER

There were religious differences betweenhim and his future nation. He was a Catholic,and he not only kept his religion, but he tried

to enforce it on his government; he appointedseveral Catholics to high positions- which wasagainst the law. When he and his wife gavebirth to a son, people became frightenedabout a Catholic line of rulers, and decided tooverthrow King James II.

William and Mary of Orange came into Englishrule after the Glorious Revolution. They signed

the Bill of Rights and agreed to aConstitutional Monarchy of England.

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THE ENGLISH CIVILWAR

% Charles I was betrayed by hisParliament. The English Civil War, happenedsoon afterwards, splitting the nation betweensupporters and opposers of Charles I.Eventually, the opposers won, led by OliverCrowmwell, and they ruled in a republican-like type of government. However, that

government soon became a military-rungovernment.

OLIVER CROWMWELL

He followed a strict Puritan lifestyle, andtolerated any other religion besidesCatholicism. He tried to abolish any type oflifestyle which he found sinful. He ruled

until his death, and afterwards, the power wassucceeded by Charles II (Charles Is elderson).

King Charles II

After the death ofhis father, and thenthen death of OliverCromwell, Charles IIinherited the throne ofEngland. He broughtthe Restoration (of themonarchy), and this wascelebrated greatly in

England, because itmeant an end tofighting for the citizens.He soon passed theHabeas Corpus- adocument that

guaranteed the right toa trial beforeimprisonment. After hisdeath, there was greatdebate about whom theheir should be (sinceCharles II left no

children to inheritedthe throne). After muchdebate, James II waschosen, although hisreligious views differedfrom that of Englands.

THE RESTORATION OF THE CROWN

EVENTS

After much debate over who will inherit theEnglish crown, King James II, the nephew of CharlesII, was chosen. There was great dispute over thisdecision, because of the religious differences betweenhim and his future nation. He was a Catholic, and henot only kept his religion, but he tried to enforce it onhis government; he appointed several Catholics to highpositions- which was against the law. When he and his

wife gave birth to a son, people became frightenedabout a Catholic line of rulers, and decided tooverthrow King James II. The Parliament asked Mary

(King James eldest Protestant daughter) and herhusband (William of Orange) to come and overthrowJames II. When the troops came to challenge James IIspower, he fled to France. The overthrow of James IIfrom his throne is named the Glorious Revolution.

KING JAMES II OVERTHROWN

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THE ENDING

The Bill of Rights clearlylimits the rulers power. It was alist of things that the ruler couldnot do. A few of them include:

- no suspending Parliaments

laws- no levying of taxes without a

specific grant from theParliament

- no interfering with thefreedom of speech in Parliament

- no penalty for a citizen whopetitions the king aboutgrievances

Both William and Mary ofOrange agreed to these terms

when they came into power afterthe Glorious Revolution.

A BRIGHT FUTURE

Consec tetuer arcu ipsumornare pellentesque vehicula, invehicula diam, ornare magna eratfelis wisi a risus.

CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY

By definition, a constitutionalmonarchy is a type of government

in which there is a King who is thefigurehead of that nation, but thegovernment-regulation decisionsare mostly decided by theParliament. England was one ofthe very first ConstitutionalMonarchies of this time, andcontinues to be one today.

CABINET SYSTEM

After the ConstitutionalMonarchy was established, noBritish monarch could ruleEngland without the permissionfrom the Parliament. The viceversa applies as well.

In the Parliament, a group ofgovernment ministers, cabinet,became the link between themonarch and the Parliament.

Today, the leader of theCabinet is called the PrimeMinister. This system ofgovernment continues today.

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CITED PAGE.

Sir Peter Lely.Portrait of King Charles II, Wearing Garter Robes. All Posters. Web. 27 Sept. 2011.

London. Photograph. Webshots. Day 2 London. Web. 27 Sept. 2011.

King Charles II of England. Internet Stones. Web. 27 Sept. 2011.

Mary Orange- Nassau. Mary, Princess Royal. Web. 28 Sept. 2011.

Adriaen Thomas. Wiliiam of Orange. Wikipedia. Web. 28 Sept. 2011.

James II, King of Catholics. Cookit. Web. 28 Sept. 2011.

Cromwe!, Oliver. Britannica. Web. 29 Sept. 2011.

Charles II. The Poor Mouth. Web. 29 Sept. 2011.

Charles II. Britannia.com Britannica, n.d. Web. 29 Sept. 2011.

Spartacus Educational. Spartacus.schoolnet.com Spartacus, n.d. Web. 29 Sept. 2011.

Yeji Lee

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http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/STUjames2.htmhttp://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/STUjames2.htmhttp://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/STUjames2.htmhttp://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/STUjames2.htmhttp://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon49.htmlhttp://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon49.htmlhttp://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon49.htmlhttp://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon49.htmlhttp://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon49.htmlhttp://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon49.htmlhttp://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon49.htmlhttp://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon49.htmlhttp://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon49.htmlhttp://thepoormouth.blogspot.com/2009/09/photo-hunt-orange.htmlhttp://thepoormouth.blogspot.com/2009/09/photo-hunt-orange.htmlhttp://thepoormouth.blogspot.com/2009/09/photo-hunt-orange.htmlhttp://thepoormouth.blogspot.com/2009/09/photo-hunt-orange.htmlhttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/110131/Oliver-Cromwell-portrait-attributed-to-Anthony-Van-Dyckhttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/110131/Oliver-Cromwell-portrait-attributed-to-Anthony-Van-Dyckhttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/110131/Oliver-Cromwell-portrait-attributed-to-Anthony-Van-Dyckhttp://cookit.e2bn.org/historycookbook/33-340-Life-in-stuarts.htmlhttp://cookit.e2bn.org/historycookbook/33-340-Life-in-stuarts.htmlhttp://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/STUjames2.htmhttp://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/STUjames2.htmhttp://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/STUjames2.htmhttp://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/STUjames2.htmhttp://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon49.htmlhttp://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon49.htmlhttp://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon49.htmlhttp://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon49.htmlhttp://thepoormouth.blogspot.com/2009/09/photo-hunt-orange.htmlhttp://thepoormouth.blogspot.com/2009/09/photo-hunt-orange.htmlhttp://thepoormouth.blogspot.com/2009/09/photo-hunt-orange.htmlhttp://thepoormouth.blogspot.com/2009/09/photo-hunt-orange.htmlhttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/110131/Oliver-Cromwell-portrait-attributed-to-Anthony-Van-Dyckhttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/110131/Oliver-Cromwell-portrait-attributed-to-Anthony-Van-Dyckhttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/110131/Oliver-Cromwell-portrait-attributed-to-Anthony-Van-Dyckhttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/110131/Oliver-Cromwell-portrait-attributed-to-Anthony-Van-Dyckhttp://cookit.e2bn.org/historycookbook/33-340-Life-in-stuarts.htmlhttp://cookit.e2bn.org/historycookbook/33-340-Life-in-stuarts.htmlhttp://cookit.e2bn.org/historycookbook/33-340-Life-in-stuarts.htmlhttp://cookit.e2bn.org/historycookbook/33-340-Life-in-stuarts.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_the_Silenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_the_Silenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_the_Silenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_the_Silenthttp://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Stuart-13http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Stuart-13http://www.internetstones.com/kellie-pearl-largest-freshwater-pearl-scottish-crown.htmlhttp://www.internetstones.com/kellie-pearl-largest-freshwater-pearl-scottish-crown.htmlhttp://www.internetstones.com/kellie-pearl-largest-freshwater-pearl-scottish-crown.htmlhttp://www.internetstones.com/kellie-pearl-largest-freshwater-pearl-scottish-crown.htmlhttp://bumbleb.egloos.com/v/1229976http://bumbleb.egloos.com/v/1229976http://bumbleb.egloos.com/v/1229976http://bumbleb.egloos.com/v/1229976http://www.allposters.co.uk/-sp/Portrait-of-King-Charles-II-Wearing-Garter-Robes-Posters_i1365016_.htmhttp://www.allposters.co.uk/-sp/Portrait-of-King-Charles-II-Wearing-Garter-Robes-Posters_i1365016_.htmhttp://www.allposters.co.uk/-sp/Portrait-of-King-Charles-II-Wearing-Garter-Robes-Posters_i1365016_.htmhttp://www.allposters.co.uk/-sp/Portrait-of-King-Charles-II-Wearing-Garter-Robes-Posters_i1365016_.htm


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Characters:

- Louis XVI

- King of France

- Marie Antoinette

- Queen of France

- Maximilien Robespierre

- Jacobin revolutionist leader

Place:

- France

- Palace of Versailles

- Bastille

- Europe

Time:

- 1789-1815

FRENCH REVOLUTIONA MOMENT IN HISTORY

SETTING

Louis XVI , Marie Antoinette, and Archduke Maximilian

Social Structure:

- Three Estates

- First Estate:

- Clergy of Roman Catholic

Church

- Paid 2% tax- Second Estate:

- Nobles

- Paid virtually NO taxes

- Third Estate:

- Bourgeoisie, urban lower

class, peasant farmers

- Paid 50% tax

Social Aspects

- Enlightenment

- Many of the Third Estate people

(especially the Bourgeoisie)

upheld the Enlightenment

ideals.

- Economic Troubles

- The Third Estate suffered from

heavy taxes.

- Cost of living was rising.

- Bad weather caused crop

failures and shortage of food.

- Louis XVIs Weak Leadership

Yoo Jin Jung 15


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LOUIS XVIs PROBLEM 1: MONEY

PROBLEMS

1. Extravagant spending of Louis XVI and

Marie Antoinette

2. Louis XVI inherited debt from previouskings.

3. France had heavily borrowed money in

order to help the American

revolutionaries against Frances enemy,

England.

4. Bankers refused to lend money to Louis

XVI.

PROBLEM

THIRD ESTATEs PROBLEM 2: BAD

CONDITIONS FOR THIRD ESTATE

1. Heavy taxes were imposed on the citizens

of the Third Estate (50& tax.)

2. Failed crop season in France causedstarvation, inflation of food products, and

other socioeconomic problems.

3. Cost of living was rising.

LOUIS XVIs PROBLEM 3:WEAK LEADER

1. Louis XIV was indecisive and

could not get hold of the

problems of his nation.

2. Marie Antoinette gave Louis

XIV poor advice and interfered

in government.

3. Marie Antoinette was

unpopular because she wasfrom Austria (an enemy of

France,) and lived an

extravagant and expensive

lifestyle.

4. Louis XIVs plan to tax the

nobles was stopped by the

Second Estate.

This is a painting of the meeting of the Estates-General

on May 5, 1789 in the hall at Versailles. King Louis XVI

was present at the meeting. The Third Estate was

dressed in all black, the Second Estate was dressed in

their luxurious clothes, and the clergy was dressed in

full regalia.

Yoo Jin Jung 16


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LOUIS XVIs GOAL

1. Weaken the nobles power and increase own power

2. Pay back French debt

GOAL

SECOND ESTATEs GOAL

1. Stop the revolution

2. Return to the Old Regime

3. Reject and dismiss new enlightenment and radical

ideas to change France

THIRD ESTATEs GOAL

1. Revolt against the First and Second Estates

2. Uphold and spread new enlightenment ideas

3. Make radical/moderate changes to Frances

government and social structure

This is a sketched

painting of what was

the popular fashion of

the nobles and wealthy

people of 18th century

France.


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ESTATES-GENERAL & NATIONAL ASSEMBLY

-When Louis XVI planned to impose taxes on the nobles in order to pay back French debt, the

Second Estate forced him to call a meeting of the Estates-General, in which representatives

from the three estates was to discuss the approval of the tax. The Third Estate was angry

about their lack of representation and formed the National Assembly.

TENNIS COURT OATH

- The Third Estate delegates broke into a tennis court and pledged that they would stay there

until they had written a new constitution.

STORMING BASTILLE

- The French people gathered weapons and artillery in order to defend themselves. In order to

obtain gunpowder, the mobs broke into the Bastille, a Paris prison, and murdered the guards

and let go of the prisoners.

GREAT FEAR

- Angry and confused, France went into a period of chaos called the Great Fear. People becameviolent outlaws who destroyed buildings and murdered many other people. Louis XVI and

Marie Antoinette were forced to leave Versailles and go to Paris.

ASSEMBLY REFORMS FRANCE

- The National Assembly wrote a new constitution called the Declaration of the Rights of Man

and of the Citizen which emphasized Liberty, Equality, Fraternity. The Church became state-

controlled and a new Legislative Assembly was formed. The government was split into the

Radicals, Moderates, and Conservatives.

WAR

- France unfavorably went to war and the radical Jacobins took power. Louis XVI was executed

by the guillotine.

REIGN OF TERROR

- Jacobin leader Maximilien Robespierre took power and ruled as a dictator. He was a violent

and extreme leader and executed anyone he saw as an enemy of the Revolution.

END OF TERROR

- Robes ierre was executed b the fearful members of the National Convention.

EVENTS CHAOS!

Yoo Jin Jung 18


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THE FATES OF THE

CHARACTERS

1. Louis XVI-

Executed

(beheaded by the

guillotine)

2. Marie Antoinette -

Executed

(beheaded by the

guillotine)

3. Maximilien

Robespierre -

Executed

(beheaded by the

guillotine)


THE ENDING

NOTABLE DIFFERENCES AFTER THE REVOLUTION

1. Emphasis and spread of enlightenment ideals

2. Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen: Liberty,Equality, Fraternity

3. State-controlled Church

4. Legislative Assembly

5. Split government: Radicals, Moderates, Conservatives

6. Limited monarchy

X

Yoo Jin Jung1


20/20

CITATIONSGarrett, Simon J. "Instrumental Analysis (CEM 333) Resource Page." Michigan State University ::

Department of Chemistry. Michigan State University, 19 Apr. 2000. Web. 26 Sept. 2011. .

Hauzinger, Joseph. 1775/77. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna.LadyReading.net. Web. 28 Sept. 2011.

.

Couder, Auguste. Opening of the Estates-General. 1839. Museum of the History of France, Palace of

Versailles.Encyclopdia Britannica Online . Web. 28 Sep. 2011. .

French Fashion History - Costumes of Paris - 18th Century - XVIIIth Cenutry - Louis XVI - Habillement

lAnglaise - Habit de Cour - Chapeau Suisse. 1878. La Galerie Napoleon.Antique French

Engravings. Web. 29 Sep 2011. .

Documents

MWH.D.enlighten Revolutions.susanna Yun, Yeji Lee, Yoojin Jung