MV Capacitors Brochure

Building a New Electric WorldBuilding a New Electric World

Power factor correction and harmonic filtering

MV capacitors and banksRectiphase

Catalogue

2002

1Schneider Electric

Presentation 2MV capacitors and banks 2

Propivar capacitors 4

MV capacitor banks 6

Dimensions of Propivar capacitors 10

Dimensions of MV capacitor banks 11

Contents

2 Schneider Electric


0Presentation MV capacitors and banks

Compensation of reactive power on a network or in an electrical installation has various economic and technical advantages:b economic advantages in that it cuts down on electricity bills through elimination of excessive consumption of reactive power.b technical advantages in that it:v increases power available at the secondary of the transformersv reduces voltage drop in MV distribution networksv reduces temperature rise in cables for constant active power.

Choosing reactive power compensation equipmentThe method proposed comprises 4 successive steps.

Step 1: calculating the reactive power to be compensated:b from the electricity bill: the aim is to eliminate the reactive power billed or reduce the subscribed power. This will depend on the tariffs in force in each country.b from the electrical data of the installation. The aim is not to pay for reactive power consumption and to correctly size transformers, cables, control and protection devices.

Step 2: choosing the compensation modeLocation of capacitors on electrical networks forms what is known as the "compensation" mode.Compensation of reactive power can be (see fig. below):b either global, example:v HV capacitor bank 1 on HV distribution / transmission networkv MV capacitor bank 2 for MV customerv regulated or fixed LV capacitor bank 3 for LV consumer.b or by sector, example:v MV capacitor bank 4 on MV distribution networkv LV 5 or MV capacitor bank per workshop or per building for MV customer.b or by unitThe capacitor bank 6 is parallel-connected to the machine consuming the reactive power.This compensation type is an ideal solution, technically speaking, as the reactive power is produced where it is consumed in quantities to meet the demand.

Step 3: choosing the compensation typeCompensation may be:b fixed by delivering a constant reactive powerb automatic by delivering a variable reactive power compensating the power consumed by the load.Step 4: choosing compensation equipment in networks disturbed by harmonicsPresence of non-linear loads (speed controllers, UPS...) creates harmonic voltages and currents. Compensation equipment is chosen according to the size of these harmonics.This choice takes the following parameters into account:b Gh: power in kVA of all the harmonics generators supplied by the same busbars as the capacitors.b Scc or Sn:b Scc: real short-circuit power (kVA), if supply is via one or more > 2 MVA power transformersb Sn: power of the upstream transformer(s) (kVA) if supply is via one or more < 2 MVA power transformers.

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0Presentation MV capacitors and banks (cont.)

Based on these parameters there are 4 possible cases: b using standard banks when there are few or no harmonicsb using banks with oversized capacitorsb using capacitor banks associated with detuning reactors which limit the harmonic currents absorbedb using harmonics filters to reduce harmonic currents by filtering them at their point of creation.The solution consists in arranging sets of capacitors and inductances in the form of tuned filters to:b compensate the reactive consumption of the installationb absorb the main harmonic currents.The experience acquired in this area allows us to define some simple rules (see table below).

Choosing CP type banksConfiguration : is used for voltages less than 12 kV and maximum power1500 kvar.

Configuration double star : for every voltage and power.

Filtering harmonicsTo improve electrical power quality, Merlin Gerin proposes HV or MV filters which reduce or eliminate the harmonics flowing in the electrical installation.These filters are made up of capacitors associated with reactors. They reduce the distortion rate to a value permissible to or recommended by the electricity board or clients system as well as compensate reactive power.Merlin Gerin will conduct all compensation and filtering studies.

Sn > 2 MVASn < 2 MVA

Gh y Scc/120Gh y 0.15 Sn

Scc/120 < Gh y Scc/700.15 Sn < Gh y 0.25 Sn

Scc/70 < Gh y Scc/300.25 Sn < Gh y 0.6 Sn

Gh > Scc/30Gh > 0.6 Sn

Standard equipment Equipment with oversized capacitors

Equipment with detuning reactors and capacitors

Harmonic filters

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0Propivar capacitors

The Propivar capacitors are used to compensate reactive power on medium and high voltage networks.

PresentationA Propivar medium voltage capacitor is a steel case or tank provided with resin insulators. The tank comprises an assembly of capacitor elements having a maximum permissible rated voltage of 2250 V. When connected in series-parallel groups, they provide high power units for elevated system voltages. There are two types of capacitors:b with internal fuses (single-phase capacitor)b without internal fuses (three-phase or single-phase capacitor).Each capacitor is normally provided with discharge resistors to bring the residual voltage down to 75 V 10 minutes after the capacitor has been switched off. If requested, the capacitors can be supplied without discharge resistors.

ConstructionThe Propivar capacitors are composed of elements which include:b aluminium foil electrodes;b a non-chlorinated biodegradable dielectric liquid and a polypropylene film. The dielectric solely made up of plastic films helps to greatly reduce dielectric losses.

Compliance with standardsThe Propivar capacitor complies with standard NF C 54-102 and with the following standards:b IEC 871, 1 and 2b BS 1650b VDE 0560b C22-2 N° 190-M1985b NEMA CP1.Capacitors with internal fuses comply with the following standards: NF C 54-102, IEC 60871.Protection by internal fusePropivar capacitors can be supplied with internal protection: each element or unit capacitor is equipped with a fuse. In the event of a breakdown of an element, the element is disconnected and isolated. Breakdown of a unit capacity may occur:b when capacitor voltage is close to its maximum amplitude. In this case, it is the power stored in the capacitances of the parallel elements which guarantees a current sufficient to rupture the internal fuse (fig. 1)b when capacitor voltage is close to zero. This current ensures breaking of the internal fuse (fig. 2).Advantages of this protection type:b instantaneous disconnection of the short-circuiting elementb continuity of service is ensuredb considerable increase in the life of the equipmentb reduction in material costs and maintenanceb possibility of programming site maintenance.

Main characteristicsb the exceptional life of Propivar capacitors is due to their temperature withstand, small temperature rise, chemical stability and overvoltage and overcurrent withstand.

Temperature withstandThese capacitors can be put into service at low temperatures without any special precautions being taken.At higher ambient temperatures, the temperature rise is very low, so they can be operated without any risk of modifying the insulation characteristics of the dielectric.

Chemical stabilityTransient overvoltages in circuits and partial discharge levels in tanks cause accelerated ageing of capacitors. The exceptional life of Propivar capacitors is closely connected with the intrinsic properties of the dielectric liquid:b very high chemical stabilityb high absorption capacity for gases generated during partial dischargesb very high dielectric strength.

Overvoltage and overcurrent withstandThe capacitors can accept:b an overvoltage of 1.10 Un for 12 hours a dayb a power frequency overvoltage of 1.15 Un for 30 minutes a dayb a permanent overcurrent of 1.3 In. The withstand of capacitors is verified by:b 1 000 cycles at an overvoltage level of 2.25 Un (cycle duration 1 s)b ageing tests at 1.4 Un.

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Propivar capacitor 250 kvar/17.5 kV

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Propivar capacitor with internal fuses, composed of 4 groups connected in series, each group comprising 12 elements connected in parallel.

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Fig. 1

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Fig. 2

5Schneider Electric


0Propivar capacitors

Insulating voltage of the Propivar capacitors

Environmental protection / biodegradabilityPropivar capacitors are biodegradable and are certified in accordance with the recommendations in force.The total absence of PCB makes them perfectly compatible with the environment. No special precautions are required in installing them.

Other characteristicsThe rated reactive power of the unit capacitors is 100 to 600 kvar, according to rated voltage (see tables opposite). The capacitance of the capacitors is always between 0.95 and 1.15 times rated capacitance. Other intermediate powers can be offered on request.

ChoiceThe three tables opposite present the range of Propivar capacitors.Single-phase capacitors without internal fusesfor Um voltages 7.2 - 12 - 17.5 - 24 - 36 kV/50 Hz (*)Nota : Um = highest network voltage

Single-phase capacitors with internal fuses for Um voltages 7.2 - 12 - 17.5 - 24 - 36 kV/50 Hz

Three-phase capacitors without internal fusesfor Um voltages 7.2 - 12 kV/50 Hz

(*) for 60 Hz, please contact us

Highest voltage for equipment UmkV 3.6 7.2 12 17.5 24 36Insulation level

Rms kV, 50 Hz-1 mn 10 20 28 38 50 70Basic impulse level (BIL) kV, 1.2/50 µs 40 60 75 95 125 170

Service frequency 50 Hz - (60 Hz if requested)Temperature range -25 to +45 °C (other ranges, if requested)Average loss factor at 20 °C after stabilisation

0.16 W/kvar with internal fuses0.12 W/kvar without internal fuses

Capacitance variation ∆C/C -3.5 . 10-4/°CConnection to porcelain or resin insulators for cables with a section y 50 mm2

Tank welded steel thickness 1.5 mmpaint vinylcolour grey RAL 7038

anticorrosion treatment indoor type wash-primer, thickness 5 µmpaint, thickness 20 µm

outdoor type sandingmetallisation, 80 µm of zincwash-primer and paint: thickness 20 µm

Fixing system

2 perforated brackets for M10 screw

Power(kvar)

Rated (kV) voltage1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.8 9.1 11.4 13.8

100 to 150150 to 200200 to 250250 to 300300 to 350350 to 400400 to 450450 to 500500 to 550550 to 600

Power(kvar)

Rated (kV) voltage1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.8 9.1 11.4 13.8

100 to 150150 to 200200 to 250250 to 300300 to 350350 to 400400 to 450450 to 500500 to 550550 to 600

Power(kvar)

Rated (kV) voltage1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.8 9.1 11.4 13.8

100 to 150150 to 200200 to 250250 to 300300 to 350350 to 425425 to 500



0MV capacitor banks

The Propivar capacitor banks are used to compensate reactive power on medium voltage networks.

PresentationComposition of capacitor banksMerlin Gerin designs all types of capacitor banks whatever:b the complexity of the system (calculation of the filter)b the desired reactive powerb the rated insulating voltages.For easier selection, Merlin Gerin has standardised its capacitor equipment and offers two versions:b in open rack IP 00b in cubicle IP 23, with or without control devices.The capacitor banks are designed according to two capacitor connection modes: delta connection or double star connection.Cubicles increase:b safety of operating personnel by protecting them from contact with live parts and integrating the switching and protection functionsb continuity of service by reducing electrical faults by isolation of live parts.The capacitor bank control equipment is incorporated into the cubicles containing the capacitors when:b compensation is on an individual basis, for each machine consuming large quantities of reactive powerb the capacitor banks in the system are separate and distributed throughout the installationb multi stage automatic compensation is required.

Capacitor protectionCapacitors must be protected against short-circuits and earth faults.Current and voltage overload protection is also recommended.

Bank with delta-connected capacitors (fig. 3)These capacitors must be protected by a device that trips quickly should an internal fault occur. Only limiting HBC fuses can provide such protection. Their rating must be at least 1.8 lN. The exact determination of the rating requires knowledge of installation data. A circuit-breaker alone does not provide sufficient protection.

Banks with single-phase capacitors (fig. 4)To provide protection against capacitor internal faults, a double-Y assembly with unbalance detection must be used. This system can be used with capacitors with and without internal fuses. The setting thresholds of this protection depend on the internal data of the devices and must be supplied by Rectiphase or Merlin Gerin. Such protection causes the switching device at the incoming end of the bank to open. Overload and short-circuit protection must be installed to protect the bank.

Overcurrent and overvoltage protection devices:b the stresses: MV capacitor banks require protection against:v risk of overvoltage due to rapid reclosing before capacitor dischargev overcurrents on switching, load overcurrents often present on bank step switching.b the means: installation of two discharge coils between the phases reduces to roughly 10 s capacitor discharge time. Use of this device must, however, respect coil cooling time, i.e. operations performed at intervals of at least 6 minutes.Damping reactors placed in series on the connections of each step limit the switching overcurrents.

Open rack type capacitor banksThe banks are fixed. Always used for a voltage greater than 36 kV. But this version is used in high power equipment and for all voltage levels. The indoor and outdoor types are provided with an unpainted aluminium rack.This version also comprises item CP210 which is designed for low power individual compensation and includes a terminal cover.

Capacitor banks in IP 23 cubiclesb fixed type banksThis equipment is suitable for indoor or outdoor use with:v an unpainted aluminium rackv unpainted aluminium panels.The cubicles are furnished with a bottom gland plate:v for 1 to 6 capacitors: 1 gland 100 mm dia.v for more than 6 capacitors: 3 glands 100 mm dia.b multi stage automatic banks.These banks are designed in the same way as fixed banks.They also include control equipment.

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MV capacitor bank

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0MV capacitor banks

Choice of switching devicesThe fitness of the devices to switch capacitive currents must be checked with the manufacturer.

Current sizingBreaking and protection devices must withstand a continuous current of 1.43 times rated bank current.

Withstand to switching transientsSwitching devices must withstand the transient overcurrents that occur on energisation. For banks parallel-connected to the same busbar, use of limiting reactors to reduce switching currents is essential.

RearcingSwitching devices must be suited for the switching of capacitive currents. These devices must be designed to avoid the risk of reacing on opening. If the rearcing risk is high (case of some off-load devices), surge arresters must be fitted to limit the transient overvoltages.Merlin Gerin devices with SF6 are well adapted to capacitive current operations.Please consult us for more details

Connection modeThe equipment can have different forms:b delta connection:v three-phase capacitors (without internal fuse) connected in parallelv single-phase capacitors (without internal fuse).b double star connection: from 6 to 48 single-phase capacitors (with or without internal fuse)b single star connection (special for EHV) 36 single-phase capacitors (12 per branch) if requested.The selection depends on:b the following characteristics: network voltage and capacitor bank powerb the type of compensation, fixed or controlled (switched steps)b the type of protection:v capacitor with or without internal fusev unbalance current with MV fuses.b economic requirements. In response to this last point, it should be noted that the cost of a capacitor bank is a direct function of the number of elements: with identical operating characteristics, a system composed of three capacitors with a delta connection is therefore cheaper than a system composed of six single-phase capacitors with a double star connection.

Standard assembliesAside from the capacitors, the banks standardised by Merlin Gerin include the elements mentioned in the opposite table. Any power available on request.

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Fig. 3: example for delta connection

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Fig. 4: example for double star connection

Rated voltage Un (kV) y 6.6 6.6 to 11 11 to 15.6 15.6 to 21.8 21.8 to 32.7 > 32.7Highest voltage Um (kV) 7.2 12 17.5 24 > 24Connection mode delta

double starFixed bank, open rack

Maximum power (kvar) 1500 4200 1500 21000 36000 36000 36000 all powersProtection against internal faults

MV fusesunbalance measurement

Fixed bank, cubicleMaximum power (kvar) 1500 4200 1500 7200 7200 7200 7200Protection against internal faults


"switched steps" bank, cubicleMaximum power (kvar) 1500 4200 1500 7200 7200 7200 7200control device contactor

switch or CBProtection against internal faults




0MV capacitor banks

Fixed CP banks with terminal coverCharacteristics

Nota : it is imperative that capacitor protection is ensured using HBC fuses (not supplied).

Fixed CP banks with open rackCharacteristics

(1) the equipment can be used outdoor if the fuse option is not chosen.(2) please consult us for higher powers.

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CP210

Type of bankCP 210 fixed

Capacitors numbers 1, 2 or 3type three-phase

Connection deltaRack open with terminal coverProtection index IP 23Indoor yesOutdoor yesMaximum insulating voltage 12 kVMax. power 1500 kvar

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CP212

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CP225

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CP229

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CP230

Type of bankCP212fixed

CP225fixed

CP229fixed

CP230fixed

Capacitors numbers 1, 2 or 3 6, 9 or 12 60 maxi as requiredtype three-phase single-phase single-phase single-phase

Connection delta double star double star double starEquipment on rack open open open openIndoor yes yes yes yesOutdoor no (1) yes yes yesmax. insulating voltage 12 kV 36 kV 36 kV > 36 kVMax. power (2) 1500 kvar 7200 kvar 36000 kvar all powersAdditional equipment

Inrush current reactorRapid discharge reactorHBC fusesUnbalance protection relay (supplied separately)

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0MV capacitor banks

Fixed CP banks in cubicleCharacteristics

Multi stage automatic CP banks in cubicleCharacteristics

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CP214

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CP227

Type of batteryCP214fixed

CP227fixed

Capacitors number 1, 2 6, 9 or 12type three-phase single-phase

Connection delta double starEquipment in cubicle in cubicleIndoor yes yesOutdoor see options yesMax. insulating voltage 12 kV 36 kVMax. power 900 kvar 7200 kvarAdditional equipment

Inrush current reactorsrapid discharge reactorHBC fusesUnbalance protection relay (supplied separately)CP214 options

Outdoor type (double roof)Door with lockDischarge coilMelting fuses report

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CP253

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CP254

Type of batteryCP253modulable steps

CP254modulable steps

Capacitors number 1, 2 or 3 6, 9 or 12type three-phase single-phase

Connection three-phase double starEquipment in cubicle in cubicleIndoor yes yesOutdoor yes yesMax. insulating voltage 12 kV 36 kVMax. power 1500 kvar 7200 kvarAdditional equipment

MV equipment: Inrush current reactorsRapid discharge reactor

Earthing switchControl device with- Rollarc with HBC fuses- Fluarc SF1 circuit breaker

LV equipment: Regulator (automatic controller)Manual remote control"on" and "fault" signalsUnbalance protection relay (supplied separately)



0Dimensions of Propivar capacitors

Propivar capacitorsDimensions (mm) and weight (kg) of banks (for information only)

Single-phase and three-phase capacitors

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Single-phase Propivar capacitor

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Three-phase Propivar capacitor

Single-phase capacitors Three-phase capacitorsPowers (kvar)

with internal fuses without internal fuses without internal fuses

50 Hz H D weight H D weight H D weight100 320 130 25 270 130 21 280 130 24150 390 135 31 360 130 27 370 130 30200 460 140 36 430 140 34 460 135 37250 530 145 42 510 140 39 530 140 43300 610 145 48 590 140 45 620 140 49350 650 155 54 630 150 51 640 150 53400 710 165 62 670 160 57 700 160 61450 780 165 68 760 160 64 760 160 65500 770 185 74 740 180 69 760 180 72550 840 185 80 810 180 75600 900 185 86 870 180 80

Connection on resin insulators for cables with a section y 50 mm2

overall external height (b) of terminals 135 mm for voltages y 7.2 kV233 mm for voltages 12 and 17.5 kV282 mm for voltages 24 kV377 mm for voltages 36 kV

Fixing system 2 performed brackets for M10 screw pitch 401 ± 5 mmheight (h), from top of tank to fixing brackets

150 mm for voltages y 7.2 kV180 mm for voltages > 7.2 kV

11Schneider Electric


0Dimensions of MV capacitor banks

Fixed CP banks with terminal cover

Nota : the dimensions and weight (not including the capacitor) are shown with the most complete equipment. it is imperative that capacitor protection is ensured using HBC fuses (not supplied).

Fixed CP banks on open rack

Nota : the dimensions and weights (not including the capacitor) are shown with the most complete equipment of this type of bank.

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CP210

H (mm) L (mm) D (mm) Weight (kg)1300 750 600 10

Model H (mm) L (mm) D (mm) Weight (kg)CP212 1600 1500 700 150CP225 2000 2300 1200 200CP229 1950 3100 2200 400CP230 3000 3100 2200 450

CP225

CP229

CP230

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CP212

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0Dimensions of MV capacitor banks

Fixed CP banks in cubicle


Multi stage automatic CP bank in cubicle


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CP214

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CP227

Model H (mm) L (mm) D (mm) Weight (kg)CP214 1680 905 1180 400CP227 2000 2350 1400 350

Model H (mm) L (mm) D (mm) Weight (kg)CP253 2000 3200 1400 280CP254 2100 2700 1400 650

CP253

CP254

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Schneider Electric Industries SASRectiphase399 rue de la Gare74370 Pringy (France)Tel.: (33) 04 50 66 95 00Fax: (33) 04 50 27 24 19

http://www.schneider-electric.com

ART 63973

As standards, specifications and designs develop from time to time, always ask for confirmation of the information given in this publication.

This document has been printed on ecological paper

Design: Schneider Electric - AmegPhoto: Schneider ElectricPrinted: Colorpress

10-2002

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MV Capacitors Brochure