MUSIC AND IT’S IMPACT ON STUDENT’S WRITING

PRODUCTIVITY & ATTITUDE TOWARD

WRITING.An Action research Project

By Onekqua N. HenryEducation 702.22

Spring 2010

TABLE OF CONTENTS Research Design Threats to Internal Validity Threats to External Validity Proposed Data Proposed Data Analysis References

RESEARCH DESIGN Pre-Experimental: One shot case study

Single group exposed to a treatment (X) and post tested (O)

Symbolic Design:XO

RATIONALE FOR EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

Only five students Exposed to a treatment No control group No Pretest Post tested Fits into the one-shot case study, cannot

fit into other designs where there are 2 groups

THREATS TO INTERNAL VALIDITY

History- Classroom distractions, Inclement weather outside, fire & Intruder drills.

Maturation-Excitement of listening to songs and writing wears off, and writing productivity declines.

Instrumentation- Students bored with writing after listening to music & write less, tired of answering surveys & rush answers.

Mortality- Student moves in the middle of ARP, research can be highly inflated.

Selection-Maturation Interaction-Both boys and girls in the study. Girls more mature, one boy held back 1 ½ older than the rest of students.

THREATS TO EXTERNAL VALIDITY

Ecological Validity- Cannot generalize to other environments.

Selection Treatment Interaction- students not randomly chosen all picked by researcher.

Experimenter Effects-Passive elements Experimenters age Gender

Reactive arrangements/participants effects- only five students from researchers own classroom. Possible Hawthorne effect

PROPOSED DATAStuden

t 1Student

2Studen

t 3Student

4 Studen

t 5Session 1 110 140 150 143 161Session 2 127 135 158 147 157Session 3 130 144 170 155 174Session 4 141 156 211 169 187Session 5 157 200 213 176 191

Student 1 Student 2 student 3 Student 4 Student 50

50

100

150

200

250

Session 1Session 2Session 3Session 4Session 5

Number of words written by individual students after exposure to music

CORRELATION

1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.50

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Series1

Linear (Series1)

Lickert Scale Rating

Num

ber

Of

Wor

ds

Correlation between Student Average Number of Words written and exposure to musicCorrelation between

students perceived writing productivity after exposure to music and average number of words written.

Post survey question 3.

I write longer paragraphs after exposed to music. *Fair positive correlation

0.69There was a correlation between students exposure to music and number of words written.

PROPOSED DATA ANALYSIS The bar graph comparing the number of

words written per session per student after being exposed to music shows that when exposed to music the number of words written generally increases.

There is a correlation between students exposed to music and the average number of words written.

Conclusion:When exposed to music the number of words

students write increases as does their own perception of writing productivity increases.

REFERENCESO’Connor – Petrusso, S.,(2008)Stat.scales.analyses.threats.design.ppt.