Upload
melvin-mccormick
View
249
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Naming Conventions of Skeletal Muscles Direction of muscle fibers Example: rectus (straight) Relative size of the muscle Example: maximus (largest) Location of the muscle Example: many muscles are named for bones (e.g., temporalis) Number of origins Example: triceps (three heads) Location of the muscle’s origin and insertion Example: sterno (on the sternum) Shape of the muscle Example: deltoid (triangular) Action of the muscle Example: flexor and extensor (flexes or extends a bone)
Citation preview
Muscles of the Torso and Limbs Naming Conventions Head and Neck Muscles Trunk
Muscles Muscles of the Upper Arm Muscles of the Lower Arm and
Hand Muscles of the Hip and Upper Leg Muscles of Lower Leg and Foot
Types of Muscles (By Function) Prime mover – muscle with the major responsibility for a certain
movement Antagonist – muscle that opposes or reverses a prime mover Synergist – muscle that aids a prime mover in a movement and helps
prevent rotation
The biceps and triceps are antagonists
Naming Conventions of Skeletal Muscles Direction of muscle fibers
• Example: rectus (straight)
Relative size of the muscle
• Example: maximus (largest)
Location of the muscle
• Example: many muscles are named for bones (e.g., temporalis)
Number of origins
• Example: triceps (three heads)
Location of the muscle’s origin and insertion
• Example: sterno (on the sternum)
Shape of the muscle
• Example: deltoid (triangular)
Action of the muscle
• Example: flexor and extensor (flexes or extends a bone)
Head and Neck Muscles
Depressor labii inferioris
Frontal belly (o:gal apo, i: skin eyebrws, nose)
Occipital belly(o:occ & temprl, i: gal apon)
Occipitofrontalis (epicranius)
Levator labii superioris
Zygomaticus major
Corrugator supercilii
Anterior bellyPosterior belly Digastric
Splenius capitus
(o:manub stern, med clav, i: mast proc temprl)
(o:zyg arch & bone, i: ramus mand)
Orbicularis oculi (o:frntl, max bones, i: tissue eyeld)
(Galea aponeurotica)
Figure 10.10a
ExternalIntercostal(o:inf brdr rib above, i: sup brdr rib below )
(a) InternalIntercostal(o:sup bord rib below, i: inf bord rib abv )
Inspiration muscles
Expiration muscles
Figure 10.13a
Clavicle
Serratus anteriorHumerus
Sternum
(a)Scapula-rotating,arm raising muscle
Trunk Muscles
Figure 6.16
Anterior views of trunk
Pectoralis minor
Internal (o:sup bord rib below, i: inf
bord rib abv ) and external
(o:inf brdr rib above, i: sup brdr rib below )
intercostals
Diaphragm
(o:pub crst & symph, i: xiph proc stern & cost
carts )Pectoralis major (o:stern end clav, stern, cost cart, i: grtr tubcle hum & intrtub sulc)
Deep Trunk and Arm Muscles
Posterior views of trunk
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major
Infraspinatus
Teresmajor
(o:lmbr vert,ilc crst, i: intertub sulc hum )
(o:lat clav, acrom & spine scap, I: delt tuber hum )
Supraspinatus (o:supsp foss scap, i: grtr tubcle hum )
Spleniuscapitus
Figure 10.14a
Clavicle
DeltoidSternumPectoralis major
Lateral headLong headMedial head
Triceps brachii:(o:post shaft humerus, lat border by glen cav scap, i: olecranon process)
Biceps brachii (o:cor proc scap, top glen foss, intertub sulc hum; I: radial tub hum)
BrachialisBrachioradialis
(a) Anterior view
Figure 10.14b
Supraspinatus*Spine of scapula
(b) Posterior view
Deltoid (cut)Greater tubercleof humerusInfraspinatus*Teres major
Triceps brachii:
Latissimus dorsiHumerusOlecranon processof ulna
Lateral head Long head
Figure 10.15a
Biceps brachii
Tendon of biceps brachii
Brachioradialis
Flexor pollicis longus
Medial head oftriceps brachii
Medial epicondyleof humerus
Flexor carpi radialis(o:medl epicond hum; I: base 2nd,3rd metcpls)
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor digitorumsuperficialis
(a)
Figure 10.16a
Insertion oftriceps brachii
Flexor carpiulnaris
Extensor carpiulnaris
Tendons of extensor carpiradialis brevis and longus
(a)
Extensor pollicislongus
Extensor digitorumExtensor carpiradialis brevis(o:lat epicon hum; I: base 3rd metacpl)
Brachioradialis
Tendons of extensordigitorum
Muscles of the Torso and Limbs Naming Conventions Head and Neck Muscles Trunk
Muscles Muscles of the Upper Arm Muscles of the Lower Arm and
Hand Muscles of the Hip and Upper Leg Muscles of Lower Leg and Foot
Figure 10.19a
Iliac crest
12th rib
Anterior superior iliac spine
Sartorius(o:ant sup ilc spine; i: med. prox. tibia)
Quadriceps femoris(o:ant & lat thigh; i: patella & tib tuber.)
• Rectus femoris(o:ant inf ilc spine & sup acetab; I: pat & tib tuber)
• Vastus lateralis(o:greater trocantr fmr; I: patella & tib tuber)
• Vastus medialis(o:intertroch line fmr; I: patella & tib tuber
(a)
PatellaPatellar ligament
Tendon of quadriceps femoris
12th thoracic vertebra
5th lumbar vertebra
Adductor longusGracilis
Psoas majorIlliacus
Illiopsoas
Figure 10.20a
Gluteus medius
Gluteus maximus(o:dors illm, sacrm,coxcy, i: gluteal tuber fmr & tibia))
Gracilis
Long head
SemitendinosusSemimembranosus
Short headBicepsfemoris Hamstrings
(a)
Figure 10.20a
Gluteus medius
Gluteus maximus
Gracilis
Long head
SemitendinosusSemimembranosus
Short headBicepsfemoris Hamstrings
(a)
Figure 10.21a
Gastrocnemius (o:med. & lat. condyles fmr; i: post. calcan.)
TibiaTibialis anteriorExtensor digitorum longus
SoleusExtensor hallucis longusFibularis tertius
(a)
Fibularis longus
Muscles of the Lower Leg
(o:med. & lat. condyles fmr; i: post. calcan.)
Figure 10.22a
PatellaHead of fibula Gastrocnemius
(o:med. & lat. condyles fmr; i: post. calcan.)
SoleusFibularis longusExtensor digitorum longusTibialis anteriorExtensor hallucis longus
Flexor hallucis longus(o:mid shaft fibula; i: under foot to dist phalx toe)
Lateral malleolus
5th metatarsal
Extensor hallucis brevis
(a)
Muscles of the Torso and Limbs Naming Conventions Head and Neck Muscles Trunk Muscles Muscles of the Upper Arm Muscles of the Lower Arm and Hand Muscles of the Hip and Upper Leg Muscles of Lower Leg and Foot