MusclesMUSCLE

S

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3FGZvFZdVbk (“pick things up”)

What is Muscle for???

• Generate motion• Generate force• Some muscle tissues generate heat

Muscle TypesVoluntary; Response to Somatic Motor Neuron w/ACh (AP), Striated.

Movement of skeleton and skin.(fastest)

Involuntary*; Autonomic, Important for homeostasis, wide variety (6: H. sapiens), Act as integrating centers in response to endocrine system, Not striated.

Lines GI, walls of viscera [stomach, urinary bladder & GI]. (slowest)

Involuntary*, Autonomic, Shares BOTH smooth & skeletal muscle, striated, electrically linked. Under sympathetic, parasympathetic & hormonal control.

Specialized muscle for the heart.(intermediate)

SMOOTH

CARDIAC

SKELETAL

Muscle Types

SKELETAL

SMOOTHCARDIAC

Muscle ArchitectureOrigin: One fixed site of muscle

attachment (proximal)

Insertion: One moving point of muscle attachment (distal)

Antagonist:

Agonist: Prime mover; produces movement & how a *synergist aids in movement.

Opposes movement of particular agonist.

Fixator: Prevents unnecessary movement. (bicep curl=abs)

Neuromuscular Junction

This sliding filament mechanism can only occur when there are sufficient calcium ions (Ca2+) and sufficient ATP is also available.

Slow vs Fast Slow:

Aerobic for continuous movement.

Less likely to fatigue.

Fast:IIa: Anaerobic &

aerobic.

IIb: Anaerobic and fastest contraction of all muscle fibers. Highest

rate of fatigue.

Homology

Check your Standards for Study• 05.02 Describe the four characteristics of muscle tissue. (elasticity, excitability [irritability], extensibility, flexibility) • 05.03 Contrast the general location, microscopic appearance, control, and functions of

the three specific types of muscle tissue. (skeletal, smooth, cardiac) • 05.04 Contrast thick and thin myofilaments. • 05.05 Describe the sliding-filament theory of muscle contraction. • 05.06 Describe what occurs at the neuromuscular junction. • 05.07 Define the terms “origin” and “insertion.” • 05.08 Explain the role of prime movers (agonists), antagonists, synergists, and fixators.

PROTIENS:1) Actin & Myosin: CONTRACTILE

2) Tropomyosin & Troponin: REGULATORY

3) Titin & Nebulin: ACCESSORY

How do they do that?

VIDEOS• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEgVM3b

zN_Y (arnold)

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KG1JHW_q2VA&feature=related (contraction)