Multimedia Health Education · referred to as a canker sore, is the most common type of mouth ulcer. (Fig. 11) There are many different causes of mouth ulcers. Mouth ulcers can occur

Disclaimer

This movie is an educational resource only and should not be used to manage your health. All decisions about the management of Mouth Ulcers must be made in conjunction with your Dental Surgeon or a licensed healthcare provider.

Multimedia Health Education

MOUTH ULCERS

MULTIMEDIA HEALTH EDUCATION MANUAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION CONTENT

2 . Overview of Mouth Ulcers

1 . Normal Oral Mucosaa. Introduction

b. Oral Mucosa Classification

3 . Treatment Options a. Diagnosis

a. What are Mouth Ulcers?

b. Causes

c. Symptomsd. Risk Factors

b. Treatment Options

c. Prevention

Multimedia Health EducationMOUTH ULCERS

e. Complications

INTRODUCTION

Mouth sores, also referred to as mouth ulcers, are a common occurrence that most people have experienced at one time or another.


In order to learn more about mouth sores, it is important to learn about the mucous membrane of the mouth.

Unit 1: Normal Oral Mucosa

Oral Mucosa Classification

The oral mucosa is the mucous membrane of the mouth. It lines the oral cavity and protects the underlying muscle, fat, nerves and blood supply. It has the ability to differentiate between hot/cold/touch and taste sensations.


There are three types of Oral Mucosa:

Lining mucosa: Lining mucosa is very thin. It is found in the following areas: inside the cheeks, floor of the mouth, lips, underneath the tongue and the soft palate.

Masticatory mucosa: Masticatory mucosa is very thick and tough and covers the hard palate and gums.

Specialized mucosa: Specialized mucosa is located on the top of the tongue and consists of taste buds.

(Fig. 1)

(Fig. 2)

(Fig. 3)

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(Fig. 4)

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(Fig. 6)

(Fig. 7)


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(Fig. 8)

(Fig. 9)

(Fig. 10)(Refer fig. 1 to 10)

Unit 2: Overview of Mouth Ulcers


A mouth ulcer is a painful open sore inside the mouth caused by a break in the oral mucosa, the mucous membrane lining of the mouth. It usually occurs on the inside of the lips, cheeks, and gums.

What are Mouth Ulcers?

Overview Of Mouth Ulcers:

An Aphthous ulcer, commonly referred to as a canker sore, is the most common type of mouth ulcer.

(Fig. 11)

There are many different causes of mouth ulcers. Mouth ulcers can occur from any of the following conditions:

Causes of Mouth Ulcers

Minor injuries from:

Sharp edges of teeth Accidental biting of lips, cheek or tongue

Chewing on hard food stuffs

(Fig. 12)(Continued in next page)

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(Fig. 12)

Edges of ill-fitting dentures

Sharp points in dental braces

Harsh Tooth brushing

Infections:

(Fig. 13)

(Fig. 14)

Viral such as with Herpes simplex virus

Bacterial

Fungal

Immunodeficiency:

Chemotherapy

HIV

Mononucleosis




Hormonal changes:

(Fig. 15)

Menstrual periods

Pregnancy

Menopause

Dietary deficiencies of:

(Fig. 16)

Vitamin C

Vitamin B12

Folic acid

Zinc

Underlying Medical illness:

Celiac Disease

Crohn’s Disease

Reiter ’s Syndrome

Ulcerative Colitis

Stress and anxiety Food allergies

(Fig. 17)



Symptoms

Ulcers can cause pain and a burning sensation in the mouth. You may also feel uncomfortable when eating certain foods.

Aphthous ulcers: These are canker sores and are small, white in color, and painful.

Traumatic ulcers: These ulcers appear as large red areas with a yellow center.

Cold sores (herpes virus): These are white blister-like spots which can be accompanied by fever.

(Fig. 17)

Risk Factors of Mouth Ulcers

A risk factor is something that increases your chance of developing a condition or disease. Risk factors for developing mouth ulcers include:

Gender: Women experience more incidences of ulcers due to their hormone changes during their monthly cycle.

Heredity: The tendency to get mouth ulcers runs in families.

Stressful lifestyle: Stress is a known factor for developing mouth ulcers.

Diet: Excessive intake of coffee, chocolate, strawberries, almonds, cheese and peanuts can increase your risk of ulcers.

Complications of Mouth Ulcers

Secondary bacterial infection of ulcers can occur if it is not treated.

Spread of infection.

Unit 3: Treatment Options


Diagnosis

(Fig. 18)

Your Dentist will assess the oral mucosa of your mouth. Usually the appearance and location of the ulcers tells the dentist which type of ulcer is present.

(Fig. 19)

A skin biopsy of the ulcer and blood tests may be ordered to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

The goal of treatment is relief of the patient’s symptoms and preventing the spread of infection. The cause, if known, should be addressed and treated accordingly. Treatment Measures can include the following:

(Fig. 20)

Corticosteroids: to reduce any inflammation

Pain Medication: to relieve discomfort

Topical anesthetic gels: to numb the infected area before eating or drinking to prevent pain.


Unit 3: Treatment Options


Vitamin supplements: such as Vitamin B12, folic acid or iron

Hormone treatment: aimed at women who are experiencing recurring mouth ulcers at certain times in their monthly cycle.

Immunosuppressant drugs: only prescribed in cases where there is severe pain and ulceration.

Prevention

The following measures may help to prevent the development of mouth ulcers:

Eat nutritious foods but avoid very spicy and acidic foods.

Reduce your stress.

Sleep at least 6-8 hours a night.

Avoid over or excessive brushing.

Use a soft bristled toothbrush.

Unit 3: Disclaimer

Disclaimer

Although every effort is made to educate you on Mouth Ulcers and take control, there will be specific information that will not be discussed. Talk to your dentist or health care provider about any concerns you have about Mouth Ulcers.


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Multimedia Health Education · referred to as a canker sore, is the most common type of mouth ulcer. (Fig. 11) There are many different causes of mouth ulcers. Mouth ulcers can occur