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multicellular eukaryotic sexually reproducing autotrophic photosynthetic cell walls made of cellulose store food as starch
Plants take CO2, H2O, and sunlight and create O2 and food (glucose).
They convert the energy from the sunlightinto a form of energy they can use.
CO2
O2
Sunlight
H2O
Evolved from multicellular green algae that lived 430 million years ago
Both Photosynthesize with chlorophyllBoth have cell walls with celluloseBoth store food as starch
•Uni- and multicellular plant-like protists•Evolved in the sea•No true roots, leaves, or stems or complex
reproductive structures•Gametes are released into water, where
fertilization occurs•Use the same kind of chlorophyll found in
land plants
Needed:to reproduce on landto conserve waterto absorb minerals from rocky surfaces
Adaptations:seeds(eventually- first land plants did not have them)cuticle, waxy coatingfungal symbiosis with alga
Reproduction in Plants
Most plants have 2 stages in their life cycle:
Sporophyte: produce spores which grow into gametophytes.
Gametophyte: produces sperm and egg cells. When egg cells are fertilized they grow into sporophytes
•Must rely on Osmosis and Diffusion to transfer materials
•No special system to transport water & minerals throughout the plant
Must have moist environment to reproduce
The result is that these plants remain small & close to the ground
Flat, broad tissue for photosynthesis; no true
leaves
Rhizoids, long thin strands of cells, attach the plant to the soil.
Photo taken from: http://www.csupomona.edu/~jcclark/classes/bot125/resource/graphics/psi_rhizoid.html; Photographer:Curtis Clark. Plan t Morphology Course WebPageDownloaded 4/1/2003.
Live in almost every environmentDecompose dead organismsKeep the soil moist and prevent erosion
Decomposer of dead organismsForms peat bogsVery absorbentUsed in gardeningUsed for fuelPart of coal making process
http://home.clara.net/adhale/bryos/spulch.htm“Mosses and Liverworts in Wales”Downloaded 4/1/2003Alan Hale
http://home.clara.net/adhale/bryos/spulch.htm“Mosses and Liverworts in Wales”Downloaded 4/1/2003Alan Hale
Adapted only to moist areasNot as abundant as mossesVery unusual characteristics
http://www.biology.iastate.edu/Courses/201L/Bryoph/%20BryoINDX1•Photos by Maria Oehler, Allison Hall, Linda Westgate and Botanical Society of America Lab Topic 15 Investigating Plant Phylogeny: Seedless Plants Nonvascular Seedless PlantsDownloaded 4/1/2003