Muhammad Amir Yousaf - Miunapachepersonal.miun.se/~amiyou/Lecture1_analog_009125b.pdf · Muhammad Amir Yousaf . Computerized simulation tool Mindi : Microchips Analog Simulation Tools

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Muhammad Amir Yousaf

Electrical Engineering BA (B), Analog

Electronics,

ET064G 7.5 Credits

ET065G 6 Credits

HT2012

Introduction

Electronic

Systems? What is Analog

Electronics?

Course Aims?

Course contents?

Introduction

of Mindi?

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Nature is Analog

Analog Electronics: An oldest and fundamental branch

of electronics.

Although much signal processing is being done

digitally, it remains indispensable discipline.

First interface with ‘analog’ nature.

All the natural phenomenon such as variation of light,

temperature and in weather etc are defined in continuous

time and value.

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Electronics reads Environment

An electronic system normally (made to) interacts with nature.

It reads the environmental phenomena and acts over it in the

ordered fashion.

The CO2 sensor.

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Analog Signal

Primary information from natural phenomena comes in the

form of optical, acoustic, thermal or chemical etc signals.

These signals are converted into electrical signals.

The devices used for such conversions are called

transducers or sensors.

Signals from primary source of information are continuous

in time so the electric signals obtained from the

transducers.

The electric signal is analogue of the primary information

stream, it is therefore called ‘Analog Signal’

A Light Dependent Resistor

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Electronics is an art of handling information carrying electrical

signals.

The electrical signals obtained from the

transducers could be very delicate

and weak in strength

and prone to noise and interference.

Processing of electrical signals starts

from this stage. It includes treatment of signal against the noise

and decision making.

After processing, the output signal converted back into the

physical signal or quantities for display or actuation.

Signal Handling: An art

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Analog Electronics Systems

Block diagram of an analog electronic system.

Non-electrical

information

Input

Transducer

Inte

rfac

e

Processor/

Filter Inte

rfac

e

Display /

Digital End /

Actuator

A Loud Speaker system.

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Signal Chain in an Electronic System

A sensor converts the real-world

signal into an analog electrical

signal. This analog signal is often

weak and noisy.

Amplifiers are needed to

strengthen the signal.

A/D converters for digital

processing if required.

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Typical Signal Chain in an Electronic System

Analog filtering may be necessary to remove noise from the signal.

This (is called) ‘front end’ processing (which) improves the signal-to-

noise ratio (SNR).

Most important building blocks used in the amplifier and filter stages

is:

Operational Amplifiers

Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a

measure used in science and

engineering that compares the level of

a desired signal to the level of

background noise. It is defined as the

ratio of signal power to the noise

power.

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Signal Chain in an Electronic System

An analog-to-digital converter transforms the analog signal into a

stream of 0‘s and 1's.

The digital data is processed by a CPU, such as a DSP, a

microprocessor, or a microcontroller.

Digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) is necessary to convert the stream

of 0's and 1's back into analog form.

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Course Plan

About the course:

The course gives a deeper understanding and

knowledge in analog circuit design and covers analog

amplifiers, noise, filters, stability, oscillators, power

supplies. The theory will be verified both with

simulations and measurements of analog electronics

circuits.

Prerequisite:

Electrical Engineering BA (A): Circuit Theory and

Electronics, BA (A), 7.5 Credits.

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Course Plan

Prerequisites :

Electrical Engineering BA (A): Circuit Theory and

Electronics, BA (A), 7.5 Credits.

Understanding of basic passive components

jw method for solving ac circuit equations (

Introductory Circuit Analysis Chapter 14)

Passive Filters

Op-amps: introduction

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Course Plan

Course aim and goal

Students will gain a deeper understanding and

knowledge of circuit design and characteristics.

Students will acquire skills in the design of the

amplifiers, filters, oscillators and power supply etc.

Students will acquire proficiency in the use of

computerized simulation tools.

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Course Plan

Course aim and goal

Students will gain a deeper understanding and

knowledge of circuit design and characteristics.

Students will acquire skills in the design of the

amplifiers, filters, oscillators and power supply etc.

Students will acquire proficiency in the use of

computerized simulation tools.

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Course Plan

Students at the end of the course:

Should be able to construct an active and/or passive analog filter

based on a specification.

Should be able to analyze a closed-loop amplifier frequency

characteristics and stability.

Should know how the noise is generated and analyze how it

propagates in an active electronic circuit .

be able to design circuits based on an operation amplifier for some

selected functions such as oscillators, integration, differentiation,

summation, instrument amplifiers, charge sensitive amplifiers, etc.

Be able to utilize knowledge in current research and development

Should be able to design an electronic system.

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Course Plan

Course Contents

The course covers:

System properties of analog circuits

Short refresher of basic elements: Circuit theory, Bode plots, Simple

RC filters

Different OP-Amp circuits

Instrumentation amplifiers

Characteristics of different types of operational amplifiers

Frequency-dependent couplings

Feed-back of amplifiers

Stability

Noise and noise models for operational amplifiers

Various application examples

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Required Literature

Thomas L. Floyd, "Electronic Devices - Conventional

Current Version"

ISBN: 0-13-615581-2

Don Manchini, "Op Amps for Everyone" -Free

downloadable pdf

Course web-page:

apachepersonal.miun.se/~amiyou/

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Mancini-OPampsForEveryone.pdf








Teachers


S- Building 241-F

060148748


Mazhar Hussain

S- Building 241-F

060148748

apachepersonal.miun.se/~mazhus/

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Lecture Plan (i)

Introduction to Course: Course Plan

Aims and Goals

Course Contents.

Lecture 1: Revision of some basic concepts such as:

RC filters

Bode plots

Transfer function etc.

Lecture2: Discrete Semiconductor devices

Diodes (Diodes, LEDs, Zener)

Transistors (Bipolar and MOSFETs).

Literature:

Chapter 2 of text book ‘Electronic Devices’, Lecture notes 1

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Lecture Plan (ii)

Lecture 3

Operational Amplifies

Ideal and Practical op-amps

Input Signal Modes (Differential and Common Mode)

Voltage Current Impedance

Frequency Response

Literature:

Lecture Notes 2

Electronic Devices : Chapter 12

Op-amp for every one.

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Lecture Plan (iii)

Lecture 4-5

Inverting & Non Inverting amplifiers

Voltage follower

Parameters and Operational amplifier properties

Bias current and offset voltage

Feedback,

Open and closed loop response, Stability

Literature:

Lecture Notes 3

Electronic Devices : Chapter 12

Op-amp for every one.

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Lecture Plan (iv)

Lecture 6-7

Comparator

Summing and averaging amplifier

Instrumentation amplifier

Integrator and Differentiator

Charge sensitive amplifier

Current to voltage amplifier

Instrumentation amplifier

Oscillators, Active filters

Peak Detector

Literature: Lecture Notes 4

Electronic Devices : Chapter 13, 14, 16

Op-amp for every one. Chapter 16

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Lecture Plan (v)

Lecture 8

Noise

Noise Factor

Literature:

Lecture Notes 5

Op-amp for every one: Chapter 10

Lecture 9

Power Supply

Linear Supply, Switch mode supplies

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Exercise Plan

Exercise 1:

Revision of Circuit Theory concepts

Bode Plots

Exercise 2

Exercise 3

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Lab Plan

Lab 1: Basic Op amp circuits:

The most basic OP-Amp circuits should be connected and

characterized.

Some fundamental non ideal properties of the OP-Amp will also be

characterized.

Lab 2: Active Filters:

Active filters should be designed according to given

specifications. You should consult with the book ‘op-amp for every

one’

Lab3: Power Supply Design

Comprehensive understanding with results

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Computerized simulation tool

Mindi : Microchips Analog Simulation Tools / Powered by SiMetrix

Simulation is extremely useful for testing ideas at the system level.

Performance of design.

Characteristic of circuit i.e. frequency response.

Testing components.

Demo

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Examination and Grading System

A written exam for 4.5 hp will be held 29th

October

The grades A, B, C, D, E, Fx and F are given

on the course. On this scale the grades A

through E represent pass levels, whereas Fx

and F represent fail levels.

Labs 1.5 hp will be graded as Pass and Fail

Assignment 1.5hp with grades A to F

(ET064G) 27


References

• http://www.handbuiltpotteryonline.net/

• https://picasaweb.google.com/107263748601915715835/NesargiKarmicPranjal#5556691209155746434

• http://qtweb.ca/2012/08/20/setting-your-seo-goals/

• http://www.istockphoto.com/stock-illustration-5738901-race-winner-finishing-line.php

• http://www.sodahead.com/fun/do-you-think-too-much-wisdom-is-a-powerful-thing-or-more-of-a-dangerous-

thing/question-

1239041/?page=1&postId=41088893#post_41088893&link=ibaf&q=deep+understanding&imgurl=http://mindbodysmil

e.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/dontknow.jpg

• http://thsc.com.sg/digital-hearing-aids-techs-signals.php

• http://www.whatcircuits.com/software/electronic-simulator-and-analysis/5spice/

• http://www.cstr.ed.ac.uk/research/projects/inversion/

• http://www.karbosguide.com/hardware/module7c1.htm

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Documents

Muhammad Amir Yousaf - Miunapachepersonal.miun.se/~amiyou/Lecture1_analog_009125b.pdf · Muhammad Amir Yousaf . Computerized simulation tool Mindi : Microchips Analog Simulation Tools