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8/9/2019 Mughal Empire (2)
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MUGH L MPIRUGH L MPIR
PreparedPrepared ByBy
Ms.Ms. LoonaLoona CC
PreparedPrepared ByBy
Ms.Ms. LoonaLoona CC
DeptDept of of HistoryHistoryDeptDept of of HistoryHistory
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Mughal Era (1526-1858)
The Mughals ruled in India for more than 300
ears 1526 to 1858 .
The Mughal Empire ruled most of India andPakistan.
The era of Mughal Empire is written with golden
words in Indian history as this was the period
when the phenomenon of single central ruling
power came into existence in the country.,
different regions of the country were ruled by
many Muslim and Hindu kingdoms across the
country.
Mughal Dynasty has contributed immensely with
their culture, tradition, ethnicity and artistry to
the Indian histor .
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Great Mughal Emperor
The Great Mughal Emperors were:
Babur (1526-1530) Humayun (1530-1556) Akbar (1556-1605)
The Great
e ang r - - -
The Paragon of Stability The Master Builder
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Akbar 1556 - 1605
• Akbar became the new Mughal ruler at the age of 14.
e reat
• He built the largest army ever in the empire.
• Great administrator • Best known for his tolerance .
Jehangir 1605-1628
The Paragon of Stability
ug a mp re un er
Akbar.
• Jehangir succeeded his father Akbar in 1605.• He continued many of Akbar’s policies.
•ree om o wors p.
• Continued friendship and alliance with Rajputs.• Allowed foreigners like the Portuguese and.
ng s nto n a or tra e
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Shah Jehan (1627-1658)
e as er u er
• Jehan ir was succeeded b his second son
Khurram
in
1628.
Khurram
alias
Shah
Jahan, was the fifth Mughal ruler of India.
• e expan e s mp re o an ar n e
north and conquered most of Southern India.
• The
Mu hal
Em ire
ros ered
reatl
durin
The Mughal
Em eror Shah
this reign.
• Shah Jehan was a patron of the arts
Jahan is
accompanied by
his three sons
• The
arts
and
culture
of
the
Mughal
Empire
is
admired even today.
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Architecture under the Mughal
y yArt and architecture under the Mughal era was a blend of Islamic and
Persian architecture.
Mughals introduced a lot of innovative ideas when it came to
construction in the subcontinent.
• White marble, red sandstone and Gemstones were used in the Mughal
architecture.
• Nearly 400 monuments have survived a time-span of 132 years.
• Used arches and domes .
• Symmetry and balance stressed designs.
• Used octagons a lot.
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Architecture under the Mughal Dynasty
• Mughal architecture under Baburwitnessed the construction of quite a fewmosques around India.
• The royal planned city in Fatehpur Sikri, that belong to Akbar are:
• the fortified-palace of Agra
situated 26 miles west of Agra, Uttar
Pradesh, had served as the political
capital of India`s Mughal Empire during
Emperor Akbar`s reign. The city is
• Fatehpur Sikri in Agra
• Jahangiri Mahal, Palace in Allahabad
• Fort in A mer
ridge, in honour of Saint Shaikh Salim
Chisti
• Jodha Bai Palace
• House of Birbal and his own magnificent.
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Architecture under the Mughal Dynasty (contd)
Shah Jahan left behind a grand legacy of structures constructed
ur ng s re gn.
His most famous building was the Taj Mahal, now a wonder of the
world, which he built out of love for his wife the em ress Mumtaz
Its structure was drawn with great care
Mahal.
were called for this purpose. The
building took twenty years to complete
an was constructe rom w te mar eunder laid with brick.
Wonder of World
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Architecture under the Mughal Dynasty (contd)
Among the other constructions of Shahjehan are
‐ Red Fort in Delhi
- Large sections of Agra Fort
- e ama as ran osque
- The Wazir Khan Mosque, Lahore, Pakistan- The Moti Masjid (Pearl Mosque), Lahore
- The Shalimar Gardens in Lahore
‐ Sections of the Lahore Fort, Lahore
‐ The Jahangir mausoleum—his father's tomb
‐ He also had the Peacock Throne, Takht e Taus, made
.
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It is very colorful and detailed.
It involved flowers and floral patterns
within which artistic genius could flourish. Both
Hindu and Muslim artists collaborated to producesome o e es n an ar .
The Mughal emperors were themselves patrons
outlook were expressed in the architecture.
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Science and technology in Mughal Era
Mughal emperor Humayun built a personal observatory
Fathullah Shirazi a Persian-Indian
.
polymath and mechanical engineer
who worked for Akbar the Great in,
volley gun.
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Mughal Society• The Indian economy remained as prosperous under the
Mughals as it was, because of the creation of a road
sys em an a un orm currency.
• Manufactured goods and peasant-grown cash crops were
.
• Key industries included shipbuilding , textiles, and steel.
• ,
transported soldiers over rivers and fought rebels.
• Most industry was based in rural areas.
• The Mughals also built libraries in every province.
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