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The Factors the Affect Climate: L.A.C.E . M.O.P.S . Much of the information in this Power Point came from Linda Hammon. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Much of the information in this
Power Point came from Linda Hammon.
The Factors the Affect Climate:
L.A.C.E. M.O.P.S.
• Rotation/1 day takes the earth 24 hours (1 day) to make one complete rotation on it’s AXIS.
• Revolution/1 year Takes the earth 365 ¼ days (1 year) to make one complete revolution around the SUN
• Weather – The DAILY condition of the atmosphere.
• Climate – Weather conditions over TIME.
• Precipitation – Moisture that falls from the sky: rain, snow, sleet, & hail.
Terms to Know Fold your paper in half 3 times to create 8 boxes
necessary to record the information in this lesson. Use one side record each of these vocab terms &
definitions.
How to Read a Climograph
Months of the year.
Look at the title to see what location’s climate is being described by the graph.
Average precipitation by month.
Line Graph = avg
temperature for each month.
Forces that create the climate of a certain location: LACEMOPS.
Place one of each of these letters in your boxes created by folding the manilla paper.
L A C E
M O P S
L = Latitude Distance from the equator is one of the most
important factors in determining climate.
LOW
MIDDLE
HIGH
MIDDLE
HIGH
High: Polar climates. One Season: COLDMiddle: Temperate Climates4 Seasons: Winter, Summer, Spring, FallLow: Tropical Climates2 Seasons: Rainy, Dry
Zones of Latitude
Tropical Wet & Dry Location
Humid Subtropical
Location
Take a moment to compare the temperatures of Mangalore & Memphis.
Which one do you think is closer to the equator? Why?
Climate A Climate B
Study the two climographs below.
• Can you pick out the one that depicts a tropical climate? How do you know?
• Bonus Question: Is it a tropical wet or a tropical wet and dry climate? How do you know?
A is for Air Masses
Air Masses• Northern hemisphere = • cold air from the polar
regions comes from the north
• hot air from the tropics comes from the south.
• Southern hemisphere = • cold air from the polar
region comes from the south
• hot air from the tropics comes from the north.
Why is the direction that cold air comes from flip flopped in the
Northern and Southern Hemispheres?
C is for Continentality
ContinentalityThe effect of a location on a continent
• Why is there so little difference between summer and winter along the coast of California?
It takes the ocean a long time to heat & cool!Wind blowing off of water moderates coastal
areas.• What is the difference between summer
& winter in Kansas? BIG difference in seasons in Kansas…why?
Land heats & cools quickly!!
• Close to large body of water = smaller difference in temperature
• Farther away from water = greater difference in temperature.
Continentality: How Does It Affect Climate?
Remember: continentality is the effect of location on a continent on the climate of a place. Inland locations
typically have larger temperature ranges and (possibly) drier conditions than maritime locations.
Compare these two locations. Which one is further inland? How can you tell?
E is for Elevation
ELEVATION• The higher you go, the colder it gets. • As you go up in elevation, the air gets thinner
and does not trap heat. • Are there glaciers on the equator??
Remember: elevation affects climate and climate affects the type of vegetation.
Elevation
Elevation affects the type of natural vegetation & crops that grow in a
region.
In this photo, you can see the tree line-the highest point on a mountain
that trees can survive.
M is for Mountain Barriers
MOUNTAIN BARRIERS (aka the Orographic Effect or the Rain Shadow Effect)
• Winds blow across the ocean & push moisture inland. • Moisture cloud reaches the mountains, gets “popped”
by the mountain top & rains on the coastal side • By the time this cloud reaches the other side of the
mountains, the air is dry. What very dry state do you find East of the Sierra Nevada
Mts??
Mountain Barriers: Rain Shadow
O is for Ocean Currents
OCEAN CURRENTS• The UK & Europe are on the same line of latitude as Canada. • Do they experience the same climate? • North Atlantic Drift = warm current that flows up from the equator &
and keeps Europe warmer than it should be at that latitude
Ocean Currents• Cold currents create dry conditions on the
coast. • Warm currents create wet conditions on the
coast.
Ocean Currents
Physical Map of Africa
Using both maps above, how do you explain the existence of the desert
region of southwestern Africa?
P is for Pressure and Prevailing Winds
High Pressure =H Heavy, cool air, brings clear skies and no rain.
Low Pressure =L Light, warm air, usually brings precipitation
Pressure
Earth’s winds would blow in straight lines,
but since the earth rotates they are
turned at an angle. In the northern
hemisphere, they turn to the right. In
the southern hemisphere they turn
to the left. This bending of the wind is called the Coriolis
Effect.
Wind and the Coriolis Effect
Cyclonic storms (hurricanes & typhoons)
Northern Hemisphere spin counter-clockwise.
Southern Hemisphere cyclones spin clockwise.
Northern Hemisphere
Southern Hemisphere
What relationship can you detect between the diagram and the map of the world’s
major deserts? HINT: Think high pressure vs. low pressure.
S is for Storms
Storms• Storms occur where ….• polar winds meet westerlies• when hot & cold air masses collide
Tropical Storm
Cat. 5 Hurricane
TornadoCyclone
Storm Tracks
• L atitude• A ir Masses• C ontinentality• E levation• M ountain Barriers• O cean Currents• P ressure & Prevailing Winds
• S torms
This acronym was .introduced by: Dr. James Petersen – Texas State University – San Marcos, TX, 1990.