MTGF CLIPPINGS FALL / WINTER 2012

MTGF ClippingsMTGF ClippingsOFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MINNESOTA TURF AND GROUNDS FOUNDATION

The mission of the Minnesota Turf and Grounds Foundation is to promote

the green industries in Minnesota through support of research, education

and outreach at the University of Minnesota and elsewhere.

GOLF COURSES ARBORISTS PARKS SPORTS FIELDS

SOD PRODUCERS CEMETERIES SCHOOLS TURF SEED

FALL / WINTER 2012

Serving Minnesota’s Turf and Grounds Professionals

2012 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TURFGRASS RESEARCH EDITION

2��MTGF�CLIPPINGS ~�FALL�/�WINTER�2012

MINNESOTA TURF ANDGROUNDS FOUNDATION

Executive Committee

PresidentDavid�Oberle

Excel�Turf�&�Ornamental

Vice�PresidentSusie�Johnson

Gertens�Wholesale

TreasurerSteve�BalfanyBalfany�Farms

SecretaryBrian�Horgan,�Ph.D.University�of�Minnesota

President�Ex-OfficioShawn�Bernick

Rainbow�TreeCareScientific�Advancements

DIRECTORS

MTSCBrent�Benike

Northern�Excellence�Seed

MASMSTracy�Closson

Northfield�Public�Schools�ISD#659

MPSTMAPaul�Griffin

City�of�Woodbury

UM�RepresentativeJeffrey�Hahn

University�of�Minnesota

MGCSAJeff�Ische

Golden�Valley�Golf�& CC

MACDavid�Kemp

The�Catholic�Cemeteries

MTABryan�Lawrence

Rocket�Turf�&�Nursery

MTSCRichard�MagnussonMagnusson�Farms

MPSTMAKevin�Manley

JRK Seed�&�Turf�Supply

MACRalph�Pierre

Union�Cemetery

MASMSTom�Redmann

Anoka�Hennepin�ISD�#11

MSAMark�Stennes

S�& S�Tree�Specialists

MGCSARoger�Stewart,�CGCS

TPC�Twin�Cities

MTGF�BUSINESS�OFFICEJeff�Turtinen

Executive�DirectorP.�O.�Box�617

Wayzata,�MN 55391952-473-3722

[email protected]

www.MTGF.org

PRESIDENT’S CORNER

“The Business of Your MinnesotaTurf and Grounds Foundation”

By David J. OberleMTGF President

Again this fall, the weather is a big topic of conversation. No mat-

ter which part of the green industry you are a part of, the weather

plays a role in your day to day game plan. There is no doubt the 2012 growing season has been

a long one. The early start and tough summer conditions have most in the industry looking for-

ward to an early white season.

The MTGF Board of Directors is always looking for new ways to bring greater

awareness to our mission and foundation. This fall’s issue of MTGF Clippings is being

sent out to all of our MNLA partner members, as well as the MTGF’s seven allied associations.

As a reminder, our Mission is to promote the Green Industries in greater Minnesota through

support of research, education and outreach at the University of Minnesota and elsewhere.

MTGF will continue to encourage the exchange of knowledge among members of the turf and

grounds industry through educational conferences, workshops, seminars, and trade shows. As

you page through this issue of the clippings you will notice a number of educational opportuni-

ties. Please plan to join us for one that is sure to enlighten and further educate you.

By now many of you have heard Bob Fitch has resigned as MNLA Executive

Director. Bob has been a very important part of the partnership between MNLA and MTGF.

Bob’s vision as Executive Director has given rise to one of the best regional trade show in the

industry. The Northern Green Expo is just one of many great accomplishments Bob can take

credit for. All of us at MTGF wish to congratulate Bob and wish him the best of luck in his new

venture.

The following is a list of MTGF research projects and the Funding Grants

awarded for 2012. If you have a problem or project, MTGF would like to hear from you.

$2,000.00 -Testing Annual Bedding Plants for Resistance to White Mold.

$15,000.00 -University of Minnesota Program for Selecting American Elms for Resistance

to Dutch Elm Disease.

$3,000.00 - What’s Wrong With My Plant? An Online Diagnostic Tool for Insect, Disease

and Abiotic Problems.

$50,000.00 - Turfgrass Program Support.

$15,000.00 - University of Minnesota Fellowship Endowment Fund.

The MTGF Board of Directors approved a new direction for the 2012 Field Day.

The Field has gone “viral.” Dr. Brian Horgan and his team have posted a series of video clips at

www.turf.umn.edu. It is worth your time to view some if not all of these quick to the point well

presented videos. Please let MTGF know how you like the videos or if you miss the traditional

field day format.

Until next time, please take time to enjoy working in one of the greatest industries our coun-

try has to offer, “The Green Industry.”

Sincerely,

David J. OberleDavid J. OberlePresidentMinnesota Turf and Grounds Foundation

MTGF PRESIDENTDAVID J. OBERLE

FALL�/�WINTER�2012�~�MTGF�CLIPPINGS 3www.MTGF.org

The Minnesota Turf and Grounds Foundation’s (MTGF) Super Tuesday is setfor Tuesday, January 8, 2013. The theme of the day will be based around the‘Best Management Practices for Minnesota Invasive Insects and Diseases’. Thisis a great opportunity to spend the day with a few of Minnesota andWisconsin’s top entomologists as they discuss Japanese beetle, Emerald AshBorer, Gypsy Moth and other current and emerging pests in the UpperMidwest.

Speakers on hand will be: Chris Williamson, University of Wisconsin;Jeff Hahn, Michelle Grabowski and Chad Giblin, University of Minnesota;Mark Abrahamson and Lucy Hunt, Minnesota Department of Agriculture;Shawn Bernick, Rainbow Treecare Scientific Advancement, and Eric Nordlie,Bailey Nurseries.

Who’s attending? Arborists; Cemetery Managers; Facility Managers;Garden Center Managers; Golf Course Superintendents; Landscape Architects;Designers and Maintenance Supervisors; Lawncare Operators; Municipalities,and Park Supervisors should attend.

Education credits have been submitted for approval for GCSAA CEUs, ISACEUs, and MNLA CP.

Sponsors include Gertens Wholesale, JRK Seed and Turf Supplyand McCarthy Well Co. Sponsorship opportunities are still available.

The event takes place from 8:00 am – 3 pm at the Minneapolis ConventionCenter. Cost is $65.00. Lunch is included.

For the best information and its solutions…look no further than the annualMinnesota Turf and Grounds Foundation Super Tuesday event.

To register and more information, go to www.mtgf.org.

ADVERTISERS

4 Wheeler Landscape Supply

5 Rainbow Treecare

` 7 The Tessman Company

8 John Deere Landscapes

9 Twin City Seed Company

10 Frost Services

11 Gertens Wholesale

12 Town & Country Landscape

13 TerraMax

14 Prinsco

15 JRK Seed and Turf Supply

16 Covermaster

17 McCarthy Well Company

18 JRCO

19 ANCOM - Motorola

20 PBI Gordon Corporation

22 Northern Green Expo

23 Plaisted Companies, Inc.

24 Property Props

Inside this Issue of MTGF CLIPPINGS

2 President’s Corner - Oberle

3 Super Tuesday Set for January 8

4 New Funding Awarded for Fine Fescue Research - Watkins

5 MTGF / UM Field Day is Now Available Online - Bauer, Horgan

6 Progress in Native Elm Research - Gillman, Blanchette, Held, Giblin

7 A Time and a Place for Tall Fescue - Bauer

8 Roadside Vegetation - Friell

9 The Easy Approach - Bauer

10 What’s Wrong With My Plants? - Grabowski, Hahn

12 Greens Rolling - Krueger

13 Fine Fescues for Golf Course Fairways - Reiter

14 Five Tough Native Grasses - Reiter

16 Testing Annual Bedding Plants for Resistance to White Mold

- Grabowski

18 Glyphosate for Control of Undesirable Grasses

in Fine Fescue Mixture - Hollman

19 MASMS Boot Camp

20 What is the MTGF?

22 Association Spotlight: Minnesota Sod Producers

JANUARY 8, 2013

SUPER�TUESDAY�AGENDA

8:00�–�8:40�(40�min.)Current�and�Emerging�Insects

Jeffrey�Hahn,�UM

8:40�–�9:10�(30�min)Gypsy�Moth

Lucy�Hunt,�MDA�

9:10�–�9:40�(30�min.)Oriental�BittersweetMonika�Chandler,�MDA�

9:40�–�10:10�(30�min.)Dutch�Elm�Disease�Resistant�Trees

Chad�Giblin,�UM

10:10�–�10:20�-�BREAK�

10:20�–�10:50�(30�min.)Landscape�Plant�DiseasesMichelle�Grabowski,�UM�

10:50�–�11:20�(30�min.)Emerald�Ash�Borer

Mark�Abrahamson,�MDA

11:20�–�12:00�(40�min.)Japanese�Beetle

Chris�Williamson,�UW

12:00�–�1:00�-�LUNCH�

1:00�–�1:40�(40�min.)Japanese�Beetle

Chris�Williamson,�UW�

1:40�–�2:10�(30�min.)Pest�Management�at�Bailey�Nurseries

Eric�Nordlie,�Bailey�Nurseries

2:10�–�2:40�(30�min.)Landscape�Pest�Management�

Recommendations�for�Professionals�Shawn�Bernick,

Rainbow�Treecare�Scientific�Advancement

4��MTGF�CLIPPINGS ~�FALL�/�WINTER�2012www.MTGF.org

New Funding Awarded For Fine Fescue Research

By ERIC WATKINSAssociate Professor

Department of Horticultural Science

University of Minnesota

The Minnesota Turf and Grounds Foundation, along with theallied organizations, have been tremendous partners in thefunding of turfgrass breeding research at the University ofMinnesota. In past years, we have emphasized how the contri-butions from professional organi-zations such as MTGF lay thegroundwork for larger grantopportunities. We have beenvery fortunate in recent years toreceived significant support fromstate and federal funding organi-zations. We recently received theexcellent news that we, along with turfgrass scientists fromRutgers University and the University of Wisconsin, have beenawarded a USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative grant inthe amount $2,136,489.

The project (Germplasm Improvement of Low-Input FineFescues in Response to Consumer Attitudes and Behaviors) willaim to develop high-quality fine fescue cultivars that meet theneeds of both professionalturfgrass managers andhomeowners. Our recentresearch efforts have shownthe great potential of thesespecies and also the short-comings that they have incertain environments.

The team of turfgrass breeders associated with thisproject will work to overcome some of the most significantbarriers such as lack of heat stress tolerance, inability to with-stand high levels of wear and traffic, and susceptibility to snowmolds disease.

In addition, colleagues at the University of Minnesota willinvestigate consumer attitudes and preferences that drive turf-grass purchasing decisions.

Finally, turfgrass extension educatorswill investigate new ways to inform con-sumers about the use of fine fescuespecies. This particular grant programrequires a 1:1 match on all dollarsreceived. In order to satisfy this matchrequirement, both the Minnesota GolfCourse Superintendent’s Association(MGCSA) and the Minnesota Park andSports Turf Managers Association (MPSTMA) committed toannual funding support during the five-year grant period. Thisis one of the largest competitive federal grant awards ever givento a group of turfgrass scientists and it would not have beenpossible without the excellent history of funding provided bythe MTGF and several of the allied organizations.


MTGF / UM Turf and Grounds Field Day Available OnlineBy SAM BAUER, Extension Turfgrass Educator, University of Minnesota Extension

DR. BRIAN HORGAN, Associate Professor and Extension Turfgrass Specialists, University of Minnesota

In previous years we've offered the MTGF and University of MinnesotaTurfgrass Field Day on the UM- St. Paul campus at the TurfgrassResearch, Outreach, and Education Center. This year, we are trying some-thing different by offering the Field Day virtually. Through the efforts ofour team here in the Turfgrass Science Program, and with the help of theUniversity of Minnesota Extension, we have put together a great lineup ofshort (3-5 min) videos from our educators and students. These videos areavailable at www.turf.umn.edu. and www.mtgf.org.

Please take the time to view the videos of Virtual Field Day produced

and edited by Karl Foord, with presenters from the Turfgrass ScienceProigram and the University of Minnesota Extension. As this is our firstattempt at offering the Field Day in a virtual format, your feedback isencouraged and appreciated to help direct Field Days in the future. Atwww.turf.umn.edu you will be able to see the field day material as it isposted on the main page. We've also created a 2012 Virtual Field Day tabwhere all of the field day presentations will be grouped, as to not getcaught up in the blogs that we write.

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Karl Foord, University of Minnesota, along with pre-senters from the Turfgrass Science Program and theUniversity of Minnesota Extension, produced and edit-ed the new Field Day videos. The videos are availableat www.turf.umn.edu and www.mtgf.org.The MinnesotaTurf and Grounds Foundation helped support VirtualField Day financially.

“Short summaries of research being done at the University are in this issue of MTGF Clippings.”


This was a productive year for us aswe investigated native elms. In totalwe are looking at about thirty elmsvarieties, including, primarily,American elms along with a few redand rock elms. All of the trees we areinvestigating came originally fromMinnesota and are old enough to havesurvived through the days whenDutch elm disease killed everything inits path.

This year we field inoculated agroup of these elms with Dutch elmdisease and found that there were twoelms including MNT0345 (tested withvery low replication), and MNT0356that showed tolerance statisticallyequal to that of one of the most popu-lar Dutch elm disease resistantAmerican elms on the market today,‘Valley Forge, and the soon to bereleased Saint Croix. This is encourag-ing and will hopefully result in newreleases sometime in the next fewyears.

American elms have a tendency togrow in a leggy fashion making themdifficult to manage in a nursery set-ting. After observing these elms for 14years we have identified two selec-tions, MNT0356 and MNT0345,which grow in a more orderly fashionwhen young than any other Americanelm we have seen.

We also had the opportunity to runsome preliminary trials investigatinghow effective grafting a resistant sciononto a susceptible root stock is at con-trolling Dutch elm disease in thegrafted plant. We inoculated 20 treeswith Dutch elm disease, the tops ofwhich were either St. Croix, ValleyForge, Princeton, MNT0345 orMNT0356 and the roots of whichwere wild type American elm (and

therefore presumably not tolerant toDutch elm disease). Two of each of thefour grafted trees from each cultivarwere inoculated below the graft union,and two were inoculated above thegraft union. Valley Forge andMNT0356 survived inoculation bothabove and below the graft whilePrinceton, MNT0345, and St. Croix allshowed inconsistent results. The vigorof grafted trees is clearly superior tothat of rooted cuttings. Ultimately, ifthe results of these preliminary stud-ies can be replicated in larger experi-ments this could be extremely signifi-cant as grafting DED tolerant scionsonto seedling rootstock would be apreferred method of propagation.

Finally, due in large part to sup-port that we have received from theMinnesota Turf and GroundsFoundation, this year we were able tosecure some additional funding fromLegislative-Citizen Commission onMinnesota Resources (LCCMR) whichshould help us get even further in ourresearch over the next few years.

Progress in Native Elm Research

By JEFF GILLMAN, ROBERT BLANCHETTE, BEN HELD and CHAD GIBLINUniversity of Minnesota Extension

All of the trees being investigated came originally from Minnesota and are old enough to

have survived through the days when Dutch elm disease killed everything in its path.

FALL�/�WINTER�2012�~�MTGF�CLIPPINGS 7

Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) is a cool-season turf-grass species that can be grown throughout many areas ofthe country. Transition zone states, such as Kansas,Missouri, and Tennessee, utilize tall fescue in many set-tings because of the species improved tolerance to heat.However, tall fescueuse in Minnesota hasbeen limited dueissues with winterhardiness and a lackof public acceptanceof the landmark vari-eties ‘Alta’ and ‘Kentucky-31’.

Genetic improvement of tall fescue as a turfgrass speciesbegan with the release of ‘Rebel’ turf-type tall fescue fromRutgers University in the early 1970s. As compared to theearly varieties, ‘Rebel’ exhibited a darker green color, high-er density, and the ability to tolerate lower mowingheights. Since the introduction of ‘Rebel’, there have beennumerous tall fescue turf-type varieties released to themarket, and we have identified the potential of tall fescue

for high quality turfgrass use in Minnesota. Advantagesthat tall fescue can offer over other common species usedin Minnesota, include: heat and drought tolerance, adapta-tion to sun or shade, deep root system, good traffic toler-ance, low input potential, and an ability to grow on a wide

range of soil types.Winter hardiness

issues with tall fescuerelate to two particularsituations:

1) Extended periodsof ice cover, and

2) Immature establishment prior to winter. For thesereasons, we recommend spring seeding of tall fescue, whileavoiding establishment in low laying areas that are proneto winter ice cover.

A tall fescue breeding program, under the direction ofDr. Eric Watkins, is currently underway at the Universityof Minnesota. The basis of this breeding program is thegenetic improvement of tall fescue to overcome these win-ter hardiness issues.

www.MTGF.org

A Time and Place for Tall FescueBy SAM BAUER

Extension Turfgrass EducatorUniversity of Minnesota

“We recommend spring seeding of tall fescue,

while avoiding establishment in low laying

areas that are prone to winter ice cover.”

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Several species of turfgrass have been successfully usedto create high quality roadside vegetation. However, road-sides present significant challenges to growing turfgrassdue to stressful conditions that can be unique in both formand magnitude.

These stresses include drought, salt exposure, heat, anddisease, among others. As such, a mix that is capable oftaking advantage of the unique tolerances of each speciesis likely to produce the best chance for survival.

Recent research conducted by the University ofMinnesota, in conjunction with the Local Roads ResearchBoard and MnDOT, has identified cultivars that representthe greatest level of roadside salt tolerance within each ofnine cool-season turfgrass species. Using the best-perform-ing cultivars from each of these species, 51 mixtures havebeen created and planted in three locations on roadsidesthroughout the Twin Cities metropolitan area.

Mixtures were chosen such that the contribution of eachspecies to the overall performance of the mixture could be evaluated. Those mixtures were planted in a Randomized

Complete Block design, replicated three times, and estab-lished in fall 2011. Because of the remote nature of thelocations, no irrigation was possible, and no fertility treat-ments were applied after establishment.

Beginning in fall 2011, data is being collected for twoyears on the plots including visual assessments of turfcover, weed encroachment, seed head production, disease,and overall quality.

In addition, digital image analysis will be used to quan-titatively evaluate the turf cover along the edge of the road.These data will be analyzed to identify an optimal mix ofspecies which provides the best possible turf performanceacross a wide range of conditions.

Roadside Vegetation

By JOSH FRIELL

University of Minnesota Extension

Table 1

Cool season cultivars and species in mixture drought trials

SPECIES CULTIVAR

creeping bentgrass ‘Mariner’Kentucky bluegrass ‘Moonlight SLT’alkaligrass ‘Salty’strong creeping red fescue ‘Navigator’slender creeping red fescue ‘Shoreline’hard fescue ‘Beacon’sheep fescue ‘Marco Polo’tall fescue ‘Grande II’Chewings fescue ‘Radar’

MNLA / MTGF

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NOVEMBER 16, 2012ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA

MORE INFO AT WWW.MTGF.ORG


“20 Years and Growing”

In addition to offering Quality Turfgrass Seed Mixtures, we offer:

Erosion Control ProductsNative Grasses & WildflowersSustane Organic FertilizersMN Dot / WI Dot Mixtures

Forage / Pasture Seed BlendsFor more information, visit our website

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In addition to offering Quality Turfgrass Seed Mixtures, we offer:

As a community we have beendemanding the introduction of lowmaintenance turfgrass species in set-tings ranging from residen-tial landscapes to golfcourses. Over recent yearswe’ve identified many turf-grass species that fall underthe criteria of lower main-tenance, while preservingthe aesthetic and functionqualities of a landscape.Still, the task of convertinga residential landscape isdaunting for most consumers. Thisstudy was initiated to determine aquick and effective way for consumersto convert an existing high mainte-nance or low quality lawn, to a lower

maintenance turfgrass species. Studyfactors include: 1) conversion strategy,and 2) turfgrass species. To control

existing vegetation, glyphosate wasapplied to the entire study area.

The conversion strategy treatmentsinclude:

1) Vertical mowing;

2) Flail mowing; 3) Scalping, and 4) No disruption.

Seed mixtures include:1) Fine fescues; 2) Tall fescues;3) Kentucky

bluegrass/finefescue/perennial ryegrass;

4) Shortgrass prairie,and

5) Control.

This study is being conducted onthe University of Minnesota St. Paulcampus and at the LandscapeArboretum. Results will be availablein the winter of 2012-13.

Home Lawn Species Conversion:

The Easy Approach

By SAM BAUER

Extension Turfgrass Educator


“Many turfgrass species that fall under

the criteria of lower maintenance, while

preserving the aesthetic and function

qualities of a landscape. Still, the task

of converting a residential landscape

is daunting for most consumers.”

The University of Minnesota Extension has a long histo-ry of answering horticultural pest questions for gardenersand professionals in the green industry with programssuch as the yard and garden clinic, Info-U, and throughcounty extension offices. As Extension evolved, many ofthese resources have been discontinued. Instead profes-sional nurseryman, landscapers and home gardeners arelooking online to find the answers to their problems. UMNExtension has over 170 online publications about plantpest management; however, most gardeners are unablefind the pertinent publication because they are unable todiagnose the pest problem. To fill this need MichelleGrabowski, UMN Extension plant pathologist, and JeffHahn, UMN Extension Entomologist created the onlinediagnostic tool ‘What’s wrong with my plant?’ in 2007.This tool provides users with easy to follow keys, photos ofpests, descriptive phrases and links to information aboutpest biology and management.

What’s wrong with my plant? received 21,097 visitsin 2011. In a follow up survey of Master Gardener volun-teers, Extension staff, landscape professionals andMinnesota home gardeners (n=193) 92% reported that the

tool helped to diagnose the pest problem (always, most ofthe time, and sometimes), 91% reported that having aproper diagnosis allowed them to select appropriate man-agement strategies. One hundred percent of Extensioneducators and landscape professionals reported that hav-ing a proper diagnosis allowed them to recommend appro-priate cultural control practices to manage the pest prob-lem.

Unfortunately there are currently no modules for diag-nosis of problems on annual bedding plants on What’swrong with my plant? Annual bedding plants are animportant part of the landscape and are an important cropto nurseries and garden centers. An online diagnostic tooladdressing pest problems on annual bedding plants couldbe used by professional nurseryman, landscapers andhome gardeners.

In July of 2012, with generous funding from the MTGF,work began on construction of the annual bedding plantssection of What’s wrong with my plant? Karen Blaedow,Master Gardener coordinator of Carver & Scott countieshas been hired to add her expertise in plant pest problemsand aid in the construction of the diagnostic tool. The toolwill be available online for the 2013 growing season andwill include commonly grown annual flowering plants likezinnia, geranium, impatiens, petunia and many more.


What’s Wrong With My Annual Flowers?By MICHELLE GRABOWSKI and JEFFREY HAHN


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Greens-rolling is an acceptableturf management tool. The mostobvious benefit is the increasedgreens speed due to a firmerand smoother surface. Thiseffect is seen immediately butthe effect diminishes followingrolling. While this effect ismost beneficial to golfers andother end users, there are alsosome agronomic benefits aswell.

It has been shown that thereare decreased occurrences of dollarspot disease. It has also beenshown that there appears to be lessdamage from cutworms on turf thatis rolled regularly.

Rolling can also help a light top-

dressing of sand move down intothe turf canopy.

Finally, you can mow at a slight-

ly higher height and maintain thesame green speed as a lower heightof cut. This allows your stand ofturf to be better able to withstandmany of the stresses that are putupon it.

There have been some negativeeffects of rolling reported. Theseinclude increased soil compaction,

decreased water infiltrationand a thinning of the turfgrassstand. All of these are theresults of an overly aggressiverolling program, ie 4-7 timesper week; rolling when the soilis saturated, especially onnative soils; and continuedrolling during the excessiveheat of summer. You should be

able to avoid all of these issues bylimiting your rolling to two timesper week on sand-based turf andonce per week on native soils andput rolling on hold during the heatof summer.

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Greens Rolling

By CRAIG KRUEGERUniversity of Minnesota Extension

“You can mow at a slightly higherheight and maintain the same green

speed as a lower height of cut. This allows your stand of turf to be better able to withstand many

of the stresses that are put upon it.”

www.MTGF.orgFALL�/�WINTER�2012�~�MTGF�CLIPPINGS 13

y

Low-input fine fescue species will be able to withstandthe pressure from typical turfgrass stresses while produc-ing acceptable turf and excellent playing quality, all withfewer inputs of water, fertilizer, and pesticides. From the 5primary fine fescue species used as turfgrass—strongcreeping red fescue, slender creeping red fescue, hard fes-cue, sheep fescue, and Chewings fescue—we developedmixtures to evaluate. The mixture study has 3 parts. First,to determine if the plant growth regulator trinexapac-ethylwill improve divot recovery in fine fescue fairways.Second, to determine if fine fescues can survive as fairwayturf under acute drought. And third, to determine if finefescues need fungicides at currently-recommended rates tosurvive snow mold pressure.

The plots for the PGR component were seeded in June2012 at the St. Paul TROE Center. Plots for the fungicidecomponent were seeded in August 2012 at Theodore WirthGolf Course in Minneapolis, Northland Country Club inDuluth, and Cragun’s Legacy Courses in Brainerd. Datawill be collected monthly on disease severity and recovery,divot recovery, turfgrass quality, species composition, clip-ping yield, spring green-up, weed pressure, and turf densi-

ty. The drought plots will be seeded in 2013 and the entireproject will conclude in August 2014.

Fine Fescues for Golf Course FairwaysBy MAGGIE REITER


The PGR fungicide component was seeded in August 2012

at Northland Country Club (pictured above) in Duluth.

www.MTGF.org

These grasses are grown at theMinnesota Landscape Arboretum’sGrass Collection and have been part ofthe ongoing 25 year evaluation ofgrasses for landscape use.

side oats gramaBouteloua curtipendula

12-30"; average to dry soils; full sun

Found on dry, upland sites, thisspecies also tolerates heavy clay soils.Pendulous flowers are one sided; canself-seed; grey-green foliage, muchshorter than the flowers; a tough plantfor dry slopes and poor soils.

palm sedge, Muskingum sedgeCarex muskingumensis

2-3 ft; average to wet soils;

Native to wet areas along rivers andmarshes, palm sedge is known for itsstiff foliage and three-ranking leafarrangement typical of sedges. Easy togow, tolerates standing water, at lakeedges and soils that flood. In idealsites, plants can be 36” wide, thickand full. Chartreuse foliage whengrown in sun,dark green in shade;self-seeds; 'Oehme' has yellow leafmargins, slower growing, very attrac-tive.

switchgrassPanicum virgatum

3-6'; upright, average to wet soils; full sun

Switchgrass is common in the tallgrass prairie; can be an aggressive, a

highly variable species; often grows instanding water and roadside ditches;readily self-seeds and may dominate aprairie or a garden; winter cover andfood for many birds, stands up well inwinter; grown from seed plants willvary widely, many named cultivarswith wide variation. 'Northwind' isstiff and upright, wide olive greenfoliage with flowers borne partially infoliage, great screen or hedge, 5'.

little bluestemSchizachyrium scoparium

2-4'; average to dry soils; full sun

Common in tall and shortgrassprairies, little bluestem prefers mesic

(Continued on Page 15)


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Five Tough Native GrassesBy MARY MEYER

Extension Horticulturist and ProfessorUniversity of Minnesota


Five Tough Native Grasses -(Continued from Page 14)

(medium) to dry sites; variable in height and form whengrown from seed; blue summer foliage turns red and orangein the fall; an excellent grass for dry sites, slopes and lightergravely soils; plants can readily self-seed and are easy togrow, especially on poor soils; little bluestem foliage is larvafood for many skipper butterflies. ‘MinnBlueA’ BlueHeavenTM University of Minnesota selection for upright bluefoliage in summer, burgundy and red fall foliage, 3-4’.

prairie dropseedSporobolus heterolepis

3-4'; average to dry soils; full sun

Prairie dropseed is a fine-textured grass mound formingbunch grass, common to dry prairie sites; a beautiful grasswith fine, light airy flowers; rhe round-bead like seeds areoily and fall from the plant when ripe, their fragrant is verycharacteristic, smelling like "hot buttered popcorn" orcoriander and cumin; easy to grow but may be slow toestablish; prefers dry, well-drained soils and spring propa-gation. Can be used in mass to cover slopes and as an alter-native lawn where foot traffic is minimal. ‘Tara’ is a shorter

form, uniform and upright, 24-30.”

Minnesota Park and Sports Turf Managers Association members took

part in MPSTMA’S annual Community Service Project day. On August 8,

MPSTMA members renovated Baldwin Field in Circle Pines, Minn. Pictured

above, from the left, Larry Gorman, MTI Distributing, Inc.; Matt Cavanaugh,

PBI Gordon Corporation; Jon Hummel, St. Anthony/New Brighton Schools,

and in front, Andy Johnson, TCF Bank Stadium. Go to www.mpstma.org for a

complete recap of the day and more information about the MPSTMA.


White mold is a devastating fungal disease caused bythe pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Over 400 speciesfrom 75 families are susceptible to white mold. In annualbedding plants, white mold causes stem rot and crown rot;resulting in wilt and death of the entire plant mid to latesummer. Many of the most popular annuals are susceptibleto infection by white mold including petunia, zinnia, verbe-na, snap dragon, salvia and many more. White mold iscommon throughout Minnesota in field and vegetablecrops like soybean, sunflower, tomato and green bean. Inrecent years, more and more grounds managers have beenreporting white mold in annual flower beds. Infection hasbeen reported in golf courses, public gardens and homegardens.

Infestation of a flower bed with white mold is particu-larly problematic because the fungus produces long termresting structures known as sclerotia. Once introduced, thefungus can persist in the soil and plant debris for decades

with repeat infection each year. The close plant spacingand overhead irrigation used in most annual plantings cre-ate the perfect environmental conditions for the whitemold fungus. Stem infections early in the growing seasonresult in plant death throughout the bed.

Although white mold is widely studied in agriculturalcrops, little research has been done on white mold in orna-mental plantings. Few management strategies are availableto gardeners dealing with a white mold infested bed.Fungicides offer some protection, but timing is critical. Inaddition, the close spacing of most annual beds results inpoor spray coverage on susceptible stems and thereforepoor control. Increasing distance between plants, switch-ing to drip irrigation and choosing varieties with anupright open growth form can help reduce disease prob-lems by making the environment less favorable to fungalinfection.

(Continued on Page 17)

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Testing Annual Bedding Plants For Resistance to White Mold

By MICHELLE GRABOWSKI


Resistance to White Mold-(Continued from Page 16)

Planting resistant plants would be an effective means ofcontrolling white mold. By comparing the known host listof white mold and the 2009 University of MinnesotaAnnual Flower Trial list, 12 genera of annuals have beenidentified as potential resistant plants. These 12 annualshave never been reported with white mold infection andbelong to plant families with no known host plants. Due tothe lack of research on ornamental plants, it is unknown ifthese plants are truly resistant or if disease simply has notbeen observed and reported on these plants. It is alwayspossible that a plant has escaped infection due to environ-mental conditions, location and quantity of plantings.

In 2010, the 12 candidate genera were inoculated withthe white mold fungus and maintained in a controlledenvironment chamber programmed to created ideal condi-tions for disease. In 2011 and 2012 all 12 genera weregrown in field conditions, inoculated with the white moldfungus and monitored for disease development. The num-ber of plants infected with the white mold fungus and thepercent of the bed killed were recorded for all plants.

Most of the ornamental grasses tested were highlyresistant to white mold in both field and controlled envi-ronment experiments. No symptoms of disease were everobserved on Juncus, Scirpus, Carex, or Pennisetum plants.In contrast, Acorus plants were clearly susceptible to thewhite mold fungus, leaves turned brown and died. Fluffywhite fungal mycelia and hard black sclerotia could befound on infected plants. Infected Acorus plants were notas severely infected as Zinnia, which were added to thetrial as a susceptible control, but they would still not be agood choice for a white mold infested bed.

Canna and Colocasia plants did not show disease symp-toms in field or controlled environment conditions. Cannacomes in a wide variety of leaf and flower colors. BothCanna and Colocasia plants have large tropical lookingleaves. Landscape managers helping in the trials comment-ed that these plants drew clients to the garden.

Caladium, Portulaca and Scaevola plants were highlysusceptible in the controlled environment trials. Infectedstems wilted and rotted completely and as severely asZinnia. In the field these plants did not display as severedisease symptoms as the susceptible Zinnia. This is likely

due to the fact that all 3 plants have multiple stems thatgrow in an open form allowing good air movementbetween stems. So although Caladium, Portulaca andScaevola plants may look good in a white mold infestedbed in some years, if the weather conditions are very con-ducive to disease, these plants are very susceptible and willlikely succumb to the white mold fungus.

Impatiens and New Guinea impatiens displayed aunique ability to tolerate the white mold fungus. The plantwill self abscise infected stems and grow new stems frombelow. The plant effectively discards any plant parts thatare infected before the fungus can spread and kill theentire plant. Both plants have done very well in field trialsagainst white mold. Planted around larger tropical plantslike the Colocasia and Canna, impatiens plants have per-formed well even in our full sun research trials.

For a garden manager dealing with a white mold infest-ed bed it is best to use a multifaceted management strate-gy. Remove any infected plants from the garden as soon aspossible to prevent new sclerotia from developing withinthe bed. Infected plants should be burned or buried faraway from the garden bed and other susceptible plants.Use drip irrigation or set sprinkler irrigation to waterdeeply yet infrequently. Increase spacing between plants.This will help reduce humidity in the plant canopy. Theornamental grasses Juncus, Carex, Scirpus andPennisteum, as well as the tropical plants Canna andColocasia have been highly disease resistant in UMN trials.

www.MTGF.orgFALL�/�WINTER�2012�~�MTGF�CLIPPINGS 17

Gray Mold

www.MTGF.org

Introduction

The use of fine fescue species is increas-ing in turfgrass areas around the state.Whether the area is newly seeded or tran-sitioning from a previous turf, undesir-able perennial grasses often invade thenewly establishing fine fescues. Althoughthere are a number of selective grass her-bicides which are labeled to control cer-tain undesirable grasses in fine fescue,turfgrass managers may not have themon hand, be familiar with their use, or becomfortable with the efficacy of the prod-uct. Glyphosate is a common non-selec-tive herbicide which most turf managershave on hand and are familiar with theuse of. Glyphosate also readily breaksdown in the soil after application and the

labeled rate for control of fine fescue is much higher thanother annual and perennial grasses. The objective of thisstudy is to examine increasing rates of glyphosate for con-trolling undesirable grasses while maintaining fine fescuecover.

Materials and Methods

The trial was conducted on an irrigated fine fescue plotseeded with an equal part mixture of Chariot hard fescue,Longfellow 2 Chewings fescue, Cardinal strong creepingred fescue, and Seabreeze GT slender creeping red fescuein the fall of 2011. The plot was mowed at 1.75 inches withthe clippings removed. Treatments were applied to 3x5foot plots with 5 replications per treatment. EightRoundUp Weathermax (48.8% glyphosate) treatmentswere applied at 0, 11, 22, 32, 48, 64, 85, and 106 fluidounces/acre which corresponds to labeled rates for grassesto control (Table 1). Four inch plugs of creeping bentgrass,Kentucky bluegrass, annual bluegrass, tall fescue andperennial ryegrass were inserted into each plot to assessthe effectiveness of treatments. Plugs were allowed to growfor 10 days before treatments were applied. Plots were ratefor death of the plugs and percent live cover of the fine fes-cue.

Results

At 6 weeks after treatment fine fescue mixtures had 100,96.2, 67, 43, 16.4, 3.8, 1.8, and 7.8 percent living groundcover for 0, 11, 22, 32, 48, 64, 85, and 106 fluidounces/acre rates respectively.

Glyphosate for Control of Undesirable Grasses In Fine Fescue Mixture

By ANDREW HOLMAN

Turfgrass Scientist, Department of Horticultural Science


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Table�1:��Labeled�Rates�of�RoundUp�Weathermax�for�Grass�Control

Common�Name Scientific�Name Fluid�ounces/Acre

Annual�bluegrass Poa�annua 11

Creeping�bentgrass Agrostis�stolonifera 32

Kentucky�bluegrass Poa�pratensis 22�–�48�

Fine�fescues Festuca� 64�–�106

Tall�fescue Festuca�arundinacea 22�–�64

Perennial�ryegrass Lolium�perenne 22�–�48

Quackgrass Agropyron�repens 22�–�64�


FALL�/�WINTER�2012�~�MTGF�CLIPPINGS� 19www.MTGF.org

MOTOROLA, MOTO, MOTOROLA SOLUTIONS and the Stylized M Logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Motorola Trademark Holdings, LLC and are used under license. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 2012 Motorola Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved.

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The Minnesota Educational Facility Management Professionals (MASMS) Basic Facility Manager Training is a two day course that covers the basics ofschool Facility management, and is offered by MASMS twice a year. This course covers the critical aspects of school facility management. It is“Training from the Trenches,” taught by peers. This training is of great value for newly employed facilities managers or seasoned veterans. MASMSBoot Camp was held on July 11th and 12th, 2012 at the St. Cloud Holiday Inn & Suites. Instructors: Scott Hogen, New Ulm Schools; Mike Boland,North St Paul-Maplewood-Oakdale Schools, Rodger Schaefbauer, Wayzata Schools and Jeff Arthurs, Eden Prairie Schools Attendees: SteveAnderson, Albert Lea Schools; Jeff Arthurs, Eden Prairie Schools; Jim Bain, South Washington Schools; Jeff Goldy, Hopkins Schools; Mark Gruber,Pierz Schools; Dan Krekelberg, Brooklyn Center Schools; Terry Lehman, Prior Lake Schools; Jeffrey Majerus, Eastern Carver County Schools; JustinMcCoy, Orono Schools; Dan Miller, Osseo Schools; Kevin Neuman, Martin Luther College; Jamie Nixon, St. Cloud Schools; Becky Osheim, Glenville-Emmons Schools; Chris Pint, Eastern Carver County Schools; Jeff Preuss, New York Mills Schools; Tim Rybak, Elk River Schools; GeorgeSchimmele, Martin Luther College; Steve Speer, LeRoy-Ostrander Schools; J.J. Williams, Kasson Mantorville Schools; Jamin Wood, NE Metro. Formore information about MASMS, go to www.masms.org.

MASMS BOOT CAMP2012 Basic Facility Manager Training

The Minnesota Turf and Grounds Foundation (MTGF), a non-profit organization, is a partnership of seven turf- andgrounds-related associations and the University of Minnesota.Members of these associations are automatically members of the MTGF.

The Seven MTGF Allied Associations are:

+ Minnesota Association of Cemeteries + Minnesota Educational Facilities Management Professionals+ Minnesota Golf Course Superintendents' Association+ Minnesota Park and Sports Turf Managers Association+ Minnesota Society of Arboriculture+ Minnesota Sod Producers (dba Minnesota Turf Association)

+ Minnesota Turf Seed Council

The mission of the MTGF is to promote the green industries in Minnesota through support of research, education and outreach at the University of Minnesota and elsewhere.

The MTGF pursues its mission in various ways.One of these is an annual "Call For Proposals," titled the "MTGF Research Gift Program," whereby researchers, instructors and outreach faculty and staff involved in turf and grounds work may submit requests for unrestricted gifts to support their activities. As a 501(c)(3) corporation, fundingapproved by the MTGF will not be subjected to overhead orother indirect charges or costs. The dates for submission, review and approval may change on an annual basis as well as the protocol stipulated for the submission of gift requests.


What is the MTGF?

The Minnesota Sod Producers annually have a booth at the Minnesota StateFair. Pictured sitting is Douglas Lawrence, Rocket Turf.

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ASSOCIATION

SPOTLIGHT

MINNESOTA SODPRODUCERS

DBA MINNESOTA TURF ASSOCIATION

The Minnesota Turf and Grounds Foundation (MTGF) ismade up of seven affiliated groups that deal with the mainte-nance and planning of turf and grounds. One of these associa-tions is the Minnesota Sod Producers (MSP), dba Minnesota TurfAssociation.

The Minnesota Sod Producers are a group of sod farmersthat wish to inform and acquaint the public on the use and bene-fits of cultured sod. The association started in the late 1960s. Themembership is made up of 15 Sod Farms and 19 Associate mem-bers. Please feel free to browse our site (www.mnturf.org) andprovide us with some feedback. The MSP takes part in theMinnesota State Fair each year in St Paul. This year the fair tookplace from August 23 through September 3.

The MSP invites you to take a stand and show your turf pride!Turfgrass is one of the most widespread, beneficial and economic

landscape plants in the country. It adds value to America's com-munities and economy. Watch, share and repost this short videoabout the benefits of lawns, parks, golf courses, recreational sportfields and green spaces. Live on Turfgrass! Go to www.mnturf.orgto see the video.

Enjoy the benefits of instant grass rather than seedingwhich cannot be used for months. Sod instantly increases yourproperty value, has virtually no erosion and is better for the envi-ronment. Sod also has lower maintenance than other forms ofturf establishment.

The “sea of green” we call our lawns is one of the bestand easiest to maintain groundcovers you’ll ever grow.Grass filters water and recharges watershed. Lawns, often called“green space” when referred to in research reports, reduce stormwater runoff. An average suburban green space lot of about10,000 square feet absorbs 6,000 gallons of rainwater(Environmental Health Research Foundation’s “Benefits of GreenSpace – Recent Research, April 25, 2011).

MSP is an association committed to the advancementof the turfgrass sod industry. Through the education of itsmembers, product users and various green industry and govern-ment entities, the association serves to encourage the use of turf-grass sod.

MSP provides members with numerous educational opportu-nities via the MNLA/MTGF Northern Green Expo, Super Tuesdayand Pesticide re-certification

Gary Blocker, Zim Sod Company is this year’sPresident of the MSP. Bryan Lawrence, Rocket Turf is Vice-President. The board members are Paul Mutterer, Instant LawnSod Farms, and Margaret Gile, Country Club Turf.

Serving as an Advisory Board member is Steve Balfany,Balfany Farms.

Jerry Langmade, Crop Production Services and Tom Jameson,Helena Chemical, serve as Associate Board members.

Pat Russell is the Executive Director / Treasurer. The MSPoffice is located in Stacy, MN.

ENJOY THE BENEFITS OF INSTANT GRASS!Sod instantly increases property value, has virtually

no erosion and is better for the environment.

JANUARY 9-11, 2013MINNEAPOLIS CONVENTION CENTER

Register Online Today!www.NorthernGreenExpo.org

KevinNorby

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RobGolembiewski

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MaryMeyer

MINNEAPOLISAUNAJ

CENTERONVENTION CMINNEAPOLIS11, 2013- 9YY 9RA

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P. O. Box 617

Wayzata, MN 55391

MTGF Clippings is the official publication of theMinnesota Turf and Grounds Foundation. The magazine is published twice a year -Spring/Summer and Fall/Winter. MTGF Clippingsis mailed to the members of each of its AlliedAssociations in addition to several educationalinstitutions and government agencies.

MTGF ALLIED ASSOCIATIONS

Minnesota Association of Cemeterieswww.mncemeteries.org

Minnesota Educational Facility Management Professionalswww.masms.org

Minnesota Golf Course Superintendents’ Associationwww.mgcsa.org

Minnesota Society of Arboriculturewww.msa-live.org

Minnesota Park and Sports Turf Managers Associationwww.mpstma.org

Minnesota Turf Associationwww.mnturf.org

Minnesota Turf Seed Councilwww.mnturfseed.com

Documents

MTGF CLIPPINGS FALL / WINTER 2012