mtech-vlsi

MEWAR UNIVERSITY, CHITTORGARH (RAJ.)

COURSE INFORMATION SHEET 2009-10

Faculty of Engineering & Technology

SYLLABI OF M.TECH. ( VLSI) SUBJECTS

Semester I

EC611 Elements of Digital VLSI Design

CMOS Technology ,Stick Diagram, Layout and Full Custom Mask Design ,MOS inverters : Static and Dynamic Characteristics,Inverter Delay and power Dissipation ,Interconnect delay ,Worst Case design for CMOS logic Low power VLSI Circuits , BiCMOS Circuits ,FPGA and ASICS, Design for Testability, HDL: Verilog and VHDL

Texts/References N. Weste and K. Eshranghian, Principles of CMOS VLSI Design, Addison Wesley. 1985 L. Glaser and D. Dobberpuhl, The Design and Analysis of VLSI Circuits, Addison Wesley, 1985 C. Mead and L. Conway, Introduction to VLSI Systems, Addison Wesley, 1979. J. Rabaey, Digital Integrated Circuits: A Design Perspective, Prentice Hall India, 1997. D. Perry, VHDL, 2nd Ed., McGraw Hill International, 1995.

EC-612 Semiconductor device modeling and simulation

Quantum Mechanical Concepts, Carrier Concentration, Transport Equation, Band gap, Mobility and Resistivity, Carrier Generation and Recombination, Avalanche Process, Noise Sources. Injection and Transport Model, Continuity Equation, Diode Small Signal and Large Signal (Change Control Model), Transistor Models: Ebber - Molls and Gummel Port Model, Mextram model, SPICE modeling temperature and area effects. Introduction Interior Layer, MOS Transistor Current, Threshold Voltage, Temperature Short Channel and Narrow Width Effect, Models for Enhancement, Depletion Type MOSFET, CMOS Models in SPICE. General Methods, Specific Bipolar Measurement, Depletion Capacitance, Series Resistances, Early Effect, Gummel Plots, MOSFET: Long and Short Channel Parameters, Statistical Modeling of Biopolar and MOS Transistors. Static and Dynamic Models, Rate Equations, Numerical Technique, Equivalent Circuits, Modeling of LEDs, Laser Diode and Photo-detectors.

TEXT BOOKS

�

� �

Philip E. Allen, Douglas R. Hoberg, "CMOS Analog Circuit Design", Second Edition, Oxford Press - 2002 S.M.Sze "Semiconductor Devices - Physics and Technology", John Wiley and sons, 1985 Kiat Seng Yeo, Samir S.Rofail, Wang-Ling Gob, "CMOS / BiCMOS ULSI - Low Voltage, low Power", Person education, Low price edition, 2003


EC-613VLSI Technology

Environment for VLSI Technology : Clean room and safety requirements. Wafer cleaning processes and wet chemical etching techniques.

Impurity incorporation : Solid State diffusion modelling and technology; Ion Implantation modelling, technology and damage annealing; characterisation of Impurity profiles.

Oxidation : Kinetics of Silicon dioxide growth both for thick, thin and ultrathin films. Oxidation technologies in VLSI and ULSI; Characterisation of oxide films; High k and low k dielectrics for ULSI.

Lithography : Photolithography, E-beam lithography and newer lithography techniques for VLSI/ULSI; Mask generation.

Chemical Vapour Deposition techniques : CVD techniques for deposition of polysilicon, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride and metal films; Epitaxial growth of silicon; modelling and technology.

Metal film deposition : Evaporation and sputtering techniques. Failure mechanisms in metal interconnects; Multi-level metallisation schemes.

Plasma and Rapid Thermal Processing: PECVD, Plasma etching and RIE techniques; RTP techniques for annealing, growth and deposition of various films for use in ULSI.

Process integration for NMOS, CMOS and Bipolar circuits; Advanced MOS technologies.

Texts/References C.Y. Chang and S.M.Sze (Ed), ULSI Technology, McGraw Hill Companies Inc, 1996. S.K. Ghandhi, VLSI Fabrication Principles, John Wiley Inc., New York, 1983. S.M. Sze (Ed), VLSI Technology, 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill, 1988.

Semester II

EC-621 Analog VLSI Design Basic consideration in analog VLSI design, MOS current sources, current mirrors, out buffers and voltage reference circuits, CMOS amplifier, Noise in CMOS amplifier, CMOS comparators, Mixed signal circuits, MOS circuit components, Switched capacitor filters realization by MOS technology.

TEXT BOOKS Philip E. Allen, Douglas R. Hoberg, "CMOS Analog Circuit Design", Second Edition, Oxford Press – 2002


EC-622 DSP

Discrete Time Signals: Sequences; representation of signals on orthogonal basis; Sampling and Reconstruction of signals;

Discrete systems: attributes, Z-Transform, Analysis of LSI systems, Frequency Analysis,InverseSystems, Discrete FourierTransform(DFT), Fast Fourier Transform algorithm, Implementation of Discrete Time Systems.

Design of FIR Digital filters: Window method, Park-McClellan's method.

Design of IIR Digital Filters: Butterworth, Chebyshev and Elliptic Approximations; Lowpass, Bandpass, Bandstop and High pass filters.

Effect of finite register length in FIR filter design.

Parametric and non-parametric spectral estimation. Introduction to multirate signal processing. Application of DSP to Speech and Radar signal processing.

Texts/References A.V. Oppenheim and Schafer, Discrete Time Signal Processing, Prentice Hall, 1989. JohnG.Proakis and D.G. Manolakis,DigitalSignal Processing: Principle, Algorithms andApplications, Prentice Hall, 1997. L.R. Rabiner and B. Gold, Theory and Application of Digital Signal Processing, Prentice Hall, 1992. J.R. Johnson, Introduction to Digital Signal Processing, Prentice Hall, 1992. D.J.DeFatta,J. G. Lucas andW.S.Hodgkiss, Digital Signal Processing, J Wiley and Sons, Singapore, 1988.

EC-623Embaded system design

The concept of embedded systems design. Embedded microcontroller cores, embedded memories. Examples of embedded systems.

Technological aspects of embedded systems: interfacing between analog and digital blocks, signal conditioning, digital signal processing. sub-system interfacing, interfacing with external systems, user interfacing. Design trade offs due to process compatibility, thermal considerations, etc.

Software aspects of embedded systems: real time systems for embedded systems.

programming languages and operating


Texts/References J.W. Valvano, "Embedded Microcomputor System: Real Time Interfacing", Brooks/Cole, 2000. Jack Ganssle, "The Art of Designing Embedded Systems", Newnes, 1999. V.K. Madisetti, "VLSI Digital Signal Processing", IEEE Press (NY, USA), 1995. David Simon, "An Embedded Software Primer", Addison Wesley, 2000. K.J. Ayala, "The 8051 Microcontroller: Architecture, Programming, and Applications", Penram Intl, 1996.

Semester III

EC-631 VLSI Physical Design COMBINATIONAL LOGIC FUNCTIONS Binary codes, Symmetric functions, Synthesis of symmetric networks, Identification of symmetric functions, Introductory concepts of Threshold Logic, Decoders, Encoders, Multiplexers, Implementing functions using Multiplexers, Demultiplexers, Magnitude Comparators, Parity Generators and Checkers, Signed Binary Arithmetic, Binary Adders and Subtractors, BCD Adders. COUNTERS- SHIFT REGISTERS AND STATE MACHINES Digital counters and shift registers, Mealy machine, Moore machine, State diagrams, State table minimization, Incompletely Specified Sequential Machines- State Assignments. PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC DEVICES Basic concepts, Programming technologies, Programmable Logic Element (PLE), Programmable Logic Array (PLA), Programmable Array Logic (PAL), Structure of standard PLDs, complex PLDs (CPLD). Design of combinational and sequential circuits using PLD's, Introduction to Field Programmable Gate Arrays-types of FPGA- XILINX XC 3000 series and 4000 series FPGAs. Altera CPLDs- Altera FLEX 10K Series CPLDs. Design examples. FINITE STATE MACHINES (FSM) State transition table- state assignment for FPGAs, State Machine Charts, Derivation of SM Charts, Realization of SM charts, Linked state machines. Encoded state machines, Architectures centered around Non-registered PLDs. State machine designs centered around shift registers. One-hot design method, Application of one-hot method.

DIGITAL DESIGN WITH VHDL Basic Concepts: Data Objects, Data Types, Operators, Concurrent and Sequential Assignment Statements, Different Styles of Modeling, Simple Examples.


Elective

EC-001 Solid state microwave device & application

Amplifiers - Microwave semiconductor devices and models; Power gain equations, stability, impedance matching, constantgain and noise figure circles; Small signal, low noise, high-power and broadband amplifier designs. Oscillators - One port, two port, YIG dielectric and Gunn-diode oscillators. Two terminal microwave devices and circuits: PIN diodes and uses as switches, phase shifters and limiters; Varactor diodes, IMPATT and TRAPATT devices, transferred electron devices. Microwave BJTs. GaAs FETs, low noise and power GaAs FETs and their applications. Microwave Mixers.

Texts/References

S.Y. Liao, Microwave Circuit Analysis and Amplifier Design, Prentice Hall, 1987. G.D. Vendelin, A.M. Pavio, U.L. Rohde, Microwave Circuit Design, Using and Non-linear Techniques, John Wiley, 1990. Y. Konishi, Microwave Integrated Circuits, Marcel Dekker, 1991.

EC-002 Nano Electronics

Shrink-down approaches: Introduction, CMOS Scaling, The nanoscale MOSFET, Finfets, Vertical MOSFETs, limits to scaling, system integration limits (interconnect issues etc.), Resonant Tunneling Transistors, Single electron transistors, new storage, optoelectronic, and spintronics devices. Atoms-up approaches: Molecular electronics involving single molecules as electronic devices, transport in molecular structures, molecular systems as alternatives to conventional electronics, molecular interconnects; Carbon nanotube electronics, bandstructure & transport, devices, applications.

Texts/References

1. Introduction to Nanotechnology, C.P. Poole Jr., F.J. Owens,Wiley (2003). 2: Nanoelectronics and Information Technology (Advanced Electronic Materials and Novel Devices), Waser Ranier, Wiley-VCH (2003) 3. Nanosystems, K.E. Drexler, Wiley (1992) 4. The Physics of Low-Dimensional Semiconductors, John H. Davies, Cambridge University Press, 1998 5. Research Papers

Linear


EC-003 Electronic Systems Design

Signal conditioning, Instrumentation & Isolation amplifiers, Analog filters, Analog switches, Programmable circuits, Switched-capacitors circuits and applications. A/D and D/A conversion: sampling and quantization, antialiasing and smoothening filters, Data converters, Interfacing with DSP blocks. Signal measurement in the presence of noise:synchronous detection, signal averaging. Noise in electronic systems; design of low noise circuits. Interfacing of analog and digital systems. PCB design and layout; System assembly considerations.

Texts/References

A. S Sedra and KC Smith, Microelectronic circuits, Oxford, 1998. S. Soclof, Applications of analog integrated circuits, Prentice Hall1990. T. T. Lang, Electronics of measuring systems - practical implementation, Wiley,1987. P. Horowitz and W Hill, The art of electronics, Cambridge,1995. H.W.Ott, Noise Reduction Techniques in Electronic Systems, Wiley, 1989. S. K Mitra, Digital signal processing: a computer based approach, McGraw Hill, 1998. W.C. Bosshart, Printed Circuit Boards: Design and Technology, Tata McGraw Hill, 1983. G.L. Ginsberg, Printed Circuit Design, McGraw Hill, 1991.

EC-004 Simulation of Circuits and Devices

Formulation of network equations: Nodal, mesh, modified nodal and hybrid analysis equations. Sparse matrixtechniques; Solutionof nonlinear networks through Newton-Raphson technique. Multistep methods: convergence and stability; Special classes of multistep methods: Adams-bashforth, Adams-Moulton and Gear's methods; Solution of stiff systems of equations; Adaptation of multistep methods to the solution of electrical networks; General purpose circuit simulators. Review of semiconductor equations (Poisson, continuity, drift-diffusion, trap rate). Finite difference formulation of theseequationsin1Dand2D. Grid generation. Physical/empiricalmodelsofsemiconductor parameters (mobility,lifetime, band gap, etc.). Computationof characteristicsof simple devices(p-n junction, MOS capacitor, MOSFET, etc.);Small-signal analysis. Texts/References L.O.Chua and P.M.Lin, Computer aided analysis and electronic circuits, Prentice Hall, 1975. S. Selberherr, Analysis and Simulation of Semiconductor Devices, Springer- Verlag, 1984. N.J. McCalla, Fundamentals of Computer Aided Circuit Simulation, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1988.


EC-005 High Power Semiconductor Devices

Basic device models: Theory of bipolar and MOS transistors. Small-signal models of bipolar and MOS transistors, Gummel-Poon model. High current effects in diodes: Dependence of lifetime on high-level injection, non-uniform current distribution under high current injection. Power biploar transistors: Onset of high-current effects in transistors; Theories of Kirk effect, crowding, pinch-in effects, second breakdown, etc; Emitter geometries for high current and HF operation. SCR : Theories of operation; Relation between shorted emitter and dv/dt ratings; Gate turn-off devices, inverter grade SCRs, special diffusion techniques for SCRs. Power VMOS devices.Heat transfer in power devices; Power MOS devices : VMOS & DMOS device structure and models; device packaging. Texts/References

S.M. Sze, Physics of Semiconductor Devices, 2nd ed., Wiley, 1981.

EC-006 Foundations of VLSI CAD

Matrices: Linear dependence of vectors, solution of linear equations, bases of vector spaces, orthogonality, complementary orthogonal spaces and solution spaces of linear equations.

Graphs: representation of graphs using matrices; Paths, connectedness; circuits, cutsets, trees; Fundamental circuit and cutset matrices; Voltage and current spaces of a directed graph and their complementary orthogonality.

Algorithms and data structures: efficient representation of graphs; Elementary graph algorithms involving bfs and dfs trees, such as finding connected and 2- connected components of a graph, the minimum spanning tree, shortest path between a pair of vertices in a graph; Data structures such as stacks, linked lists and queues, binary trees and heaps. Time and space complexity of algorithms.

Texts/References

K. Hoffman and R.E. Kunze, Linear Algebra, Prentice Hall (India), 1986 N.Balabanian and T.A. Bickart, Linear Network Theory : Analysis, Properties, Design and Synthesis, Matrix Publishers, Inc., 1981. T.Cormen, C.Leiserson and R.A.Rivest, Algorithms, MIT Press and McGraw-Hill, 1990.


EC-007 Circuits Simulation in Power Electronics

Formulation of network equations : Nodal, Mesh, Modified Nodal and Sparse Tableau Analysis, Sparse matrix techniques, solution of nonlinear equations by Newton_Raphson method, Multistep methods : Convergence and stability, special classes of multistep methods, Adaptation of multi-step methods to the solution of electrical networks, general- purpose circuit simulators, Introduction to machine modeling : induction, DC, and synchronous machines, Simulation of three-phase converters: fundamentals of switching behaviour, space vector representation, modulation methods. Interaction between power electronic converters and rotating machines. Power electronic converters in power distribution systems, DC to DC converters.

Texts/References

L.O. Chua and P.M. Lin, "Computer-aided analysis of electronic circuits", Prentice Hall, 1975. N.J. McCalla, "Fundamentals of computer-aided circuit simulation", Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1988. N. Mohan, T.M. Udeland, and W.P. Robbins, "Power Electronics: Converters, Applications, and Design," J. Wiley and sons, New York, 1994.

P.C. Krause, "Analysis of electric machinery", McGraw Hill, New York, 1986.

EC-008 CMOS Analog VLSI Design

Introduction to analog VLSI and mixed signal issues in CMOS technologies. Basic MOS models, SPICE Models and frequency dependent parameters. Basic MNOS/CMOS gain stage, cascade and cascode circuits. Frequency response, stabilty and noise issues in amplifiers. CMOS analog blocks: Current Sources and Voltage references. Differential amplifier and OPAMP design. Frequency Synthesizers and Phased lock-loop. Non-linear analog blocks: Comparators,Charge-pump circuits and Multipliers. Data converters. Analog Interconnects. Analog Testing and Layout issues. Low Voltage and Low Power Circuits. Introduction to RF Electronics. Basic concepts in RF design

Text/References

R.Jacob Baker,H.W.Li, and D.E. Boyce CMOS Circuit Design ,Layout and Simulation, Prentice- Hall of India,1998 Mohammed Ismail and Terri Faiz Analog VLSI Signal and Information Process, McGraw-Hill Book company,1994 Paul R. Gray and R.G.Meyer, Analysis and design of Analog Integrated circuits John Wiley and sons,USA,(3rd Edition),1993 B. Razavi, RF Microelectronics, Prentice-Hall PTR,1998 Journals: 1}IEEE Journal of Solid state Circuits

2}IEEE Trans. on Communications


EC009 Microwave Integrated Circuits

Introduction to microwave integrated circuits: Active and passive components. Analysis of microstrip lines: variational method,conformal transformation, numerical analysis; losses in microstrip lines;Slotline and Coupled lines; Designof power dividers and combiners, directional couplers, hybrid couplers, filters. Microstriplinesonferriteandgarnetsubstrates; Isolatorsand circulators; Lumped elements inMICs. Technology ofMICs: Monolithicand hybrid substrates; thin and thick film technologies, computer aided design. Texts/References Leo Young and H. Sobol, Ed. Advances in Microwaves, Vol.2, Academic Press Inc., 1974. B.Bhat and S. Koul, Stripline-like transmission lines for MICs, John Wiley, 1989. T.K. Ishii, Handbook of Microwave Technology, vol.I, Academic Press, 1995.

EC-010 Mixed mode designing

Characterization of a comparator, basic CMOS comparator design, analog multiplier design, PLL - simple PLL, charge-pump PLL, applications of PLL. Switched Capacitor circuits - basic principles, some practical circuits such as switched capacitor integrator, biquad circuit, switched capacitor filter, switched capacitor amplifier, non-filtering applications of switched capacitor circuit such as programmable gate arrays, DAC and ADC, MOS comparators, modulators, rectifiers, detectors, oscillators. Sampling circuits Basic sampling circuits for analog signal sampling, performance metrics of sampling circuits, different types of sampling switches. Sample-and-Hold Architectures Open-loop & closed-loop architectures, open-loop architecture with miller capacitance, multiplexed-input architectures, recycling architecture, switched capacitor architecture, current-mode architecture. Basics Input/output characteristics of an ideal D/A converter, , performance metrics of D/A converter, D/A converter in terms of voltage, current, and charge division or multiplication, switching functions to generate an analog output corresponding to a digital input. D/A converter architecturesResistor-Ladder architectures, current-steering architectures. Basics input/output characteristics and quantization error of an A/D converter, performance metrics of A/D converter. A/D converter architectures Flash architectures, two-step architectures, interpolate and folding architectures, pipelined architectures, Successive approximation architectures, interleaved architectures. Low Pass filters, active RC integrators, MOSFET-C integrators, transconductance-c integrator, discrete time integrators. Filtering topologies - bilinear transfer function and biquadratic transfer function.


Texts/References

� � � � �

Razavi, "Design of analog CMOS integrated circuits", McGraw Hill, 2001 Razavi, "Principles of data conversion system design", S.Chand and company ltd, 2000 Jacob Baker, "CMOS Mixed-Signal circuit design", IEEE Press, 2002 Gregorian, Temes, "Analog MOS Integrated Circuit for signal processing", John Wiley & Sons Baker, Li, Boyce, "CMOS : Circuit Design, layout and Simulation", PHI, 2000.

EC-011 Introduction to MEMS

MEMS and Microsystems, Microsystems and microelectronics, Microsystems and miniaturization, Working principle of micro system - Micro sensors, Micro actuators, MEMS with Micro actuators. Materials For MEMS - Substrate and wafer, silicon as a substrate material, silicon compound, silicon Piezo-resistors, Gallium Arsenide, quartz, Piezoelectric crystals, polymers and packaging Materials. Fabrication Process - Photolithography, Ion implantation, Oxidation, Chemical vapor deposition (CVD), Physical vapor deposition, Deposition by Epitaxy, Etching. Manufacturing Process - Bulk Micromachining, Surface Micromachining, LIGA Process. Micro system Design - Design consideration, process design, Mechanical design, Mechanical design using MEMS. Mechanical packaging of Microsystems, Microsystems packaging, interfacing in Microsystems packaging, packaging technology, selection of packaging materials, signal mapping and transduction. Case study on strain sensors, Temperature sensors, Pressure sensors, Humidity sensors, Accelerometers, Gyroscopes , RF MEMS Switch, phase shifter, and smart sensors. Case study of MEMS pressure sensor Packaging.

TEXT BOOKS

�

� � �

Tai - Rai Hsu, "MEMS and Microsystems DESIGN and Manufacturing", Tata MC Graw Hill, Edtion 2002 Julian W Gardner, "Microsensors MEMS and smart devices", John Wiley and sons Ltd,2001 Chang Liu, "Foundation of MEMS", Pearson International Edition,2006 Gabriel M Rebeiz, "RF MEMS - Theory Design and Technology", John Wiley and Sons, 2003

EC-012 Embedded Systems

Introduction to Embedded Systems - definitions and constraints; hardware and processor requirements; special purpose processors; input-output design and I/O communication protocols; design space exploration for constraint satisfaction; codesign approach; example system design; Formal approach to specification; specification languages; specification refinement and design; design validation; Real Time operating system issues with respect to embedded system applications; time constraints and performance analysis


EC013 Testing and Verification of circuits

Physical faults and their modeling. Fault equivalence and dominance; fault collapsing. Fault simulation: parallel, deductive and concurrent techniques; critical path tracing. Test generation for combinational circuits: Boolean difference, D-algorithm, Podem, etc. Exhaustive, random and weighted test pattern generation; aliasing and its effect on fault coverage. PLA testing: cross-point fault model, test generation, easily testable designs. Memory testing: permanent, intermittent and pattern-sensitive faults; test generation. Delay faults and hazards; test generation techniques. Test pattern generation for sequential circuits: ad-hoc and structures techniques, scan path and LSSD, boundary scan. Built-in self-test techniques. Verification: logic level (combinational and sequential circuits), RTL-level (data path and control path). Verification of embedded systems. Use of formal techniques: decision diagrams, logic-based approaches.

EC-015 System Design

Basics of system hardware design. Hierarchical design using top-down and bottom-up methodology. System partitioning techniques, interfacing between system components. Handling multiple clock domains, Synchronous and asynchronous design styles. Interface between synchronous and asynchronous blocks. Meta-stability and techniques for handling it. Interfacing linear and digital systems, data conversion circuits. Design of finite state machines, state assignment strategies. Design and optimization of pipelined stages. Use of data flow graphs, Critical path analysis, retiming and scheduling strategies for performance enhancement. Implementation of DSP algorithms.Signal integrity and high speed behaviour of interconnects: ringing, cross talk and ground bounce. Layout strategies at IC and board level for local and global signals.Power supply decoupling.

Test strategies: Border Scan, Built In Self Test and signature analysis. Texts/References Jan M. Rabaey, "Digital Integrated Circuits", Prentice Hall of India, (New Delhi), 1997. M.J.S. Smith, "Application Specific Integrated Circuits", Addison Wesley (Reading, MA), 1999 Vijay K. Madisetti, "VLSI Digital Signal Processing", IEEE Press (NY, USA), 1995.


OPEN ELECTIVE - VLSI

OE-001 Advance mathematics

OE-002 Random variable and stochastics procedure.

OE-003 Intelligent Systems

Data, information and knowledge. Model of an intelligent system. Models of knowledge representations: Representation and reasoning in logic. Semantic representations: semantic networks, frames; Frame/script systems; Conceptual dependency and conceptual graphs. Ontologies. Knowledge based systems: Software architecture of a knowledge-based system, Rulebased programming and production systems, Rule chaining and inference control, Inference: reasoning about knowledge, Temporal reasoning, Inference under uncertainty: Bayesian techniques, Fuzzy reasoning, Casebased reasoning. Intelligent agents, The agent metaphor and attributes of agenthood, Agent theory and languages, Inter-agent communication, Ontological issues. Alternatives to the symbolic approach: Foundations of connectionist networks; their history. Applications of AI: Example application domains, e.g. Configuration, Diagnosis, Planning, intelligent interfaces, usermodelling, Practical implications of choosing and applying AI solutions. Knowledge representation and the Web, Semantic Web.

OE-004 Multimedia Systems

An overview of multimedia system and media streams; Source representation and compression techniques text, speech and audio, still image and video; Graphics and animation; Multi-modal communication; Multimedia communication, video conferencing, video-on-demand broadcasting issues, traffic shaping and networking support; Transcoding; Multimedia OS and middleware; Synchronization and QoS; Multimedia servers, databases and content management; Multimedia information system and applications.

OE- 005 Theory of Programming Languages

Syntax of Programming Languages, Formal Language and Automata Theory: Finite Automata, Regular Languages, Pushdown Automata, Context Free Languages, Linear Bounded Automata, Context Sensitive Languages, Turing machines and Recursively Enumerable Sets. Theory of LR(k) Parsing, Attribute Grammars. Semantics of Programming Languages: Basic Mathematical Introduction: Propositional and Predicate Calculus, Lambda Calculus, Algebraic Structures. Sequential Languages (Imperative and Applicative): Operational Semantics, Vienna Definition Methods, Denotational Semantics: Scott-Strachy Theory, Axiomatic Semantics: Floyd- Hoare Approach, Temporal Logic, Algebraic Semantics and Data Types.


OE -006 Artificial Intelligence

Machine Learning & AI - Introduction, hierarchical perspective and foundations. Rote Learning, Learning by advice, learning in problem solving inductive learning, explanation based learning, learning from observation and discovery, learning by analogy, introduction to formal learning theory. Biological neurons and brain, models of biological neurons, artificial neurons and neural networks, Early adaptive nets Hopfield nets, back error propagation competitive learning lateral inhibition and feature maps, Stability - Plasticity and noise saturation dilemma, ART nets, cognition and recognition. Neural nets as massively parallel, connectionist architecture, Application in solving problems from various are as e.g., AI, Computer Hardware, networks, pattern recognition sensing and control etc. Reference: 1. P H Winston - Artificial Intelligence - Pearson Education 2. Bishop, Neural Networks for Pattern Recognition, OUP 3. Cohen, Empirical Methods for AI, PHI 4. Haykin, Neural Network, Pearson Education/PHI 5. E Charniak and W Midermott - Introduction to Artificial Intelligence - Pearson Education. 6. Hagan, Neural Network Design , Vikas 7. Shivanandan, Artificial Neural Network, Vikas 8. Bose - Neural Network Fundamentals with graphs, Algorithms and Applications - TMH.

OE-007 Advanced Digital Image Processing and Computer Vision Sensor and Imaging: Imaging Optics, Radiometry of Imaging, Illumination sources and techniques, Camera Principles, Color Imaging, Single Sensor Color Imaging and Color Demosaicing, Range Images, 3D Imaging. Signal Representation: Vector Space and Unitary Trasnsforms, Multi-Resolutional Signal Representation, Wavelet Decomposition, Scale space and diffusion, Representation of color, Retinex Processing, Markov Random Field Modellings of Images. Non-linear Image Processing: Median and Order Statistics Filters, Rank-Ordered-Mean Filters and Signal Dependent Rank-Ordered-Mean Filters, Two Dimensional Teager Filters, Applications of nonlinear filters in image enhancement, edge detections, noise removal etc. Feature Estimation: Morphological Operations, Edge Detection, Edges in multichannel images, Texture Analysis, Optical flow based motion estimation, Reflectance based shape recovery, Depth from focus, Stereo matching and depth estimation. Image and Video Compression Standards: Lossy and lossless compression schemes: Transform Based, Sub-band Decomposition, Entropy Encoding, JPEG, JPEG2000, MPEG-1, MPEG-4, and MPEG-7. Object Analysis, Classification: Bayesian Classification, Fuzzy Classification, Neural Network Classifiers, Shape Reconstruction from volumetric data, Knowledge-based interpretation of images. OE-008 Power Electronics

Review of line commutated converters, inverters, voltage control & Power factor improvement. power Devices : BJT, MOSFET, IGBT & GTOs - operating characteristics and gate drive requirements and circuits. Switched - mode rectifier: various Power circuit configurations & wave shaping techniques. Synchronous link rectifiers: Power circuit configurations, control techniques, application of these converters in load compensation, series compensators, multi level converters. inverters : voltage source inverters:- single phase & Six step inverters, voltage control & PWM strategies,and implementation aspects, Modification of power circuit for Four quadrant operation. Current source inverters: single phase and three phase power circuit configuration and analysis. Load commutated inverters: principle of operation, modification of power circuit configuration for low frequency operation. Phase Controllers.


OE-009 COMPUTATIONAL NUMBER THEORY

Algorithms for integer arithmetic: Divisibility, gcd, modular arithmetic, modular exponentiation, Montgomery arithmetic, congruence, Chinese remainder theorem, Hensel lifting, orders and primitive roots, quadratic residues, integer and modular square roots, prime number theorem, continued fractions and rational approximations. Representation of finite fields: Prime and extension fields, representation of extension fields, polynomial basis, primitive elements, normal basis, optimal normal basis, irreducible polynomials. Algorithms for polynomials: Root-finding and factorization, Lenstra-Lenstra-Lovasz algorithm, polynomials over finite fields. Elliptic curves: The elliptic curve group, elliptic curves over finite fields, Schoof's point counting algorithm. Primality testing algorithms: Fermat test, Miller-Rabin test, Solovay-Strassen test, AKS test. Integer factoring algorithms: Trial division, Pollard rho method, p-1 method, CFRAC method, quadratic sieve method, elliptic curve method. Computing discrete logarithms over finite fields: Baby-step-giant-step method, Pollard rho method, Pohlig-Hellman method, index calculus methods, linear sieve method, Coppersmith's algorithm. Applications: Algebraic coding theory, cryptography. References 1. Victor Shoup, A Computational Introduction to Number Theory and Algebra, Cambridge University Press. 2. Maurice Mignotte, Mathematics for Computer Algebra, Springer-Verlag. 3. Ivan Niven, Herbert S. Zuckerman and H. L. Montgomery, An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers, John Wiley. 4. Joachim von zur Gathen and Juergen Gerhard, Modern Computer Algebra, Cambridge University Press. 5. Rudolf Lidl and Harald Niederreiter, Introduction to Finite Fields and their Applications, Cambridge University Press. 6. Alfred J. Menezes, editor, Applications of Finite Fields, Kluwer Academic Publishers. 7. Joseph H. Silverman and John Tate, Rational Points on Elliptic Curves, Springer International Edition. 8. D. R. Hankerson, A. J. Menezes and S. A. Vanstone, Guide to Elliptic Curve Cryptography, Springer-Verlag. 9. A. Das and C. E. Veni Madhavan, Public-key Cryptography: Theory and practice, Pearson Education Asia. 10. Henri Cohen, A Course in Computational Algebraic Number Theory, Springer- Verlag.


OE-010 Performance & reliability of information system.

OE-011 Robotics

Definition and Origin of Robotics - Basic components - Classifications-Performance characteristics - Drives systems - Electric, hydraulic and Pneumatic Drives-Control loops using current amplifier and voltage amplifiers

Robotics sensory devices - Non optical position sensors- Optical position sensors -velocity sensors - Tactile sensors - Force and touch sensors - proximity and range sensor-Acoustic sensors - vision systems - Image processing and analysis - Image data reduction - segmentation - feature Extraction - object recognition

End effectors - Types - Mechanical Grippers - Vacuum cups - Magnetic grippers - Robot end effector interface - Robot programming-Methods and classifications-Programming Languages - VAL, AML-Positive stop program, point to point program and continuous path program

Manipulator kinematics, Homogeneous transformations and robot kinematics - Robot dynamic - configuration of robot controller

Multiple Robots - Machine Interface - Robot Cell Design - Industrial Robots for welding, Painting and Assembly - Remote controlled robots - Robots for nuclear, Thermal and chemical plants-Industrial automation-Typical example of automated industries - Selection of Robot - Robotics and Expert systems

TEXT BOOKS

� �

Yoran Koren, "Robotics for Engineers", McGraw Hill, 1980 Mikell.P.Groover, et.al, "Industrial Robots - Technology Programming and Applications", Mc Graw Hill, 1980

REFERENCE BOOKS

�

� �

Klafter R.D. Chimielewski.T.A. and Negin.M. Robotics Engineering - "An Integrated Approach", Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi - 1994 K.S.Fu.R.C. Gonzalez C.S.G.Lee, "Robotics" - McGraw Hill 1987 S.R.Deb, "Robotics Technology & Flexible Automation" - Tata McGraw Hill 1994

C.Raasfail, "Robotics and Manufacturing Automation" - 2nd Edition John Wiley and Sons 1992

Documents

mtech-vlsi