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MC LC
B CC NI DUNG PHN 2...................................................................5
Bi 1: Lm quen vi MS-Excel 2000 ........................................................61. Nhng thao tc u tin vi MS-Excel.......................................................................7
1.1 Khi ng MS-Excel t nt Start ca Windows....................................................71.2 To bng tnh mi theo mu mc nh...................................................................91.3 To bng tnh mi theo mu la chn....................................................................91.4 Ghi lu bng tnh vo a ..................................................................................101.5 Ghi lu bng tnh di mt tn khc....................................................................111.6 Ghi bng tnh theo kiu tp tin khc.....................................................................111.7 ng bng tnh, ng chng trnh MS-Excel ....................................................12
2. Thao tc cbn trn bng tnh .................................................................................13
2.1 Mmt hoc nhiu bng tnh...............................................................................132.2 Chuyn trng thi hin hnh gia cc bng tnh ..................................................142.3 Trang hin hnh, hin hnh ...............................................................................152.4 S dng cng c phng to, thu nh ......................................................................172.5 Che giu / hin th cc thanh cng c ...................................................................172.6 Cnh dng tiu / ct tiu .........................................................................18
3. Bi tp tng hp..........................................................................................................19
Bi 2: Son tho ni dung bng tnh ......................................................20
1. Nhp dliu kiu s, vn bn ...................................................................................21
2. Bin tp dliu...........................................................................................................233. Thao tc chn/hu chn , dng, ct.........................................................................23
3.1 Chn , dng, ct..................................................................................................233.2 Hy chn ..............................................................................................................263.3 Bi tp................................................................................................................... 26
4. Sdng cng cin ni dung tng ...................................................................264.1 Thc hnh in tng s th t.........................................................................264.2 Thc hnh in tng theo chui d liu..........................................................274.3 Thc hnh in tng theo cp s cng............................................................274.4 Thc hnh in tng theo xu th cp s nhn .................................................28
5. Thao tc sao chp, di chuyn, xo, chn cc .........................................................295.1 Sao chp cc ......................................................................................................305.2 Di chuyn cc ....................................................................................................315.3 Xo ni dung cc ...............................................................................................32
6. Thm/bt , dng, ct.................................................................................................336.1 Thm dng............................................................................................................336.2 Thm ct...............................................................................................................336.3 Thm vng .........................................................................................................346.4 Xo vng ...........................................................................................................35
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6.5 Thay i chiu rng ct v chiu cao dng..........................................................367. Thao tc vi cc trang bng tnh...............................................................................40
7.1 Chn mt trang vo bng tnh...............................................................................407.2 i tn trang bng tnh......................................................................................... 407.3 Xo mt trang bng tnh....................................................................................... 417.4 Sao chp trang bng tnh ...................................................................................... 417.5 Di chuyn trang bng tnh ....................................................................................42
8. Sdng tin ch sp xp v lc dliu.....................................................................438.1 Sp xp bng tnh theo cc ct .............................................................................438.2 S dng tin ch lc d liu..................................................................................45
9. Bi tp tng hp..........................................................................................................47
Bi 3: Thao tc nh dng.......................................................................49
1. Tm hiu trc khi tin hnh nh dng ..................................................................502. Thao tc nh dng ..................................................................................................51
2.1 Biu din d liu s thc......................................................................................512.2 Biu din d liu theo dng ngy thng ............................................................... 532.3 Biu din d liu dng tin t ...............................................................................532.4 Biu din d liu theo dng phn trm.................................................................54
3. nh dng cha vn bn .........................................................................................543.1 Thay i kiu ch, cch, dng ch ...................................................................543.2 Thay i mu ch v mu nn ...........................................................................553.3 Sao chp nh dng ............................................................................................ 563.4 t thuc tnh Wrap Text cho ...........................................................................56
4. Cn l, vng vin ..............................................................................................57
4.1 Cn v tr ch trong : gia, tri, phi, trn, di.................................................574.2 Ho nhp dy to tiu bng biu..............................................................584.3 Thay i hng ch trong .................................................................................594.4 Thm ng vin cho , vng ...........................................................................59
5. Bi tp tng hp..........................................................................................................62
Bi 4: Cng thc v hm........................................................................64
1. To cng thc cbn .................................................................................................651.1 To cng thc s hc cbn ................................................................................651.2 Nhn bit v sa li..............................................................................................67
1.3 Bi tp................................................................................................................... 682. a ch tuyt i v a ch tng i .......................................................................692.1 Gii thiu a ch tuyt i, tng i, a ch hn hp.......................................692.2 Bi tp................................................................................................................... 71
3. Thao tc vi cc hm..................................................................................................723.1 Gii thiu v hm ................................................................................................. 723.2 Cc hm thng dng...........................................................................................74
4. Bi tp tng hp..........................................................................................................77
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Bi 5: Biu , th...............................................................................79
1. Sdng biu , th ..............................................................................................802. To cc kiu biu , th khc nhau. ...................................................................803. Bin tp, sa i biu , th................................................................................83
3.1 Thm tiu , ch thch ngha cc trc th....................................................833.2 Thay i dng biu ..........................................................................................843.3 Co dn v xo biu ..........................................................................................843.4 Di chuyn, sao chp biu .................................................................................853.5 Thay i mu nn biu , th .........................................................................853.6 Thay i mu trong biu ..................................................................................86
4. Bi tp tng hp..........................................................................................................87
Bi 6: Hon thin trang bng tnh v in n .............................................88
1. Bi tr trang in ............................................................................................................89
1.1 Thay i l ca trang in........................................................................................ 891.2 Thay i trang in ..................................................................................................901.3 Chnh sa in va trong s trang nh trc .....................................................911.4 Thm u trang v chn trang ..............................................................................921.5 Chn cc trng vo u trang v Chn trang.....................................................92
2. Hon tt ti liu ..........................................................................................................942.1 Xem ti liu trc khi in....................................................................................... 942.2 Bt, tt vic in ra li cc ng k , tiu ct, tiu dng. 952.3 Thit lp ch in li dng tiu khi sang trang mi .......................................96
3. In n .............................................................................................................................973.1 t cc la chn in n .......................................................................................... 97
4. Bi tp tng hp..........................................................................................................99
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LI NI U
Chng trnh bng tnh in t MS-Excel 2000 l cng c tin ch cho cng vic qun l s
liu cha nhiu cng thc tnh ton ti cc cng s, trng hc nh tnh ton bng lng,thng k ti sn, lp bng im thi, xp loi hc sinh,...
Khi c ci t trn hiu hnh a nhim nh MS-Windows 95/98/2000/XP, MS-Excel cth chy song song v trao i d liu vi cc ng dng khc nh MS-Word, MS-Access.
Ni dung ca ti liu ny gm 6 bi:
Bi 1: Lm quen vi MS-Excel 2000.
Bi 2: Son tho ni dung bng tnh.
Bi 3: Thao tc nh dng.
Bi 4: Cng thc v hm.Bi 5: Biu v th.
Bi 6: Hon thin trang bng tnh v in n.
Chng ti c gng sp xp cc chng, mc theo mt trnh t ging dy hp l ti liu
ny tr thnh gio n thc hnh cho ngi dy, ng thi l cm nang thc hnh cho ngi
hc ti lp hoc nh. Nh vy dy tt ti liu ny ngi dy cn c iu chnh cch dy
theo mc tiu m bo dy theo ng trnh t v y ni dung chng, mc c bin
son.
ti liu ngy cng c hon thin hn p ng yu cu o to cht lng cao theo n112CP, chng ti rt mong nhn c s gp ca bn b, ng nghip v ca cc c gi.
Mi gp xin c gi v:
Vin Cng ngh Thng tin i hc Quc gia H Nia ch: 144 Xun Thy, Cu Giy, H Niin thoi: (844) 7680501Email: [email protected]: http://www.iti.vnu.edu.vn
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B CC NI DUNG PHN 2
Ni dung o to S tit
Bi 1: Lm quen vi MS-Excel 2000. 2
Bi 2: Son tho ni dung bng tnh. 4
Bi 3: Thao tc nh dng. 4
Bi 4: Cng thc v hm. 8
Bi 5: Biu v th. 4
Bi 6: Hon tin trang bng tnh v in n. 4
Tng s 26 tit
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Bi 1: Lm quen vi MS-Excel 2000
Mc tiu bi hc:
Cung cp cho hc vin kin thc v k nng thc hnh qua cc ni dung:
- Gii thiu bng tnh, trang bng tnh, dng, ct, , a ch ...
- Cc thao tc cbn vi MS-Excel: khi ng v ng chng trnh, tomi, ghi lu bng tnh, mmt (nhiu) bng tnh c, chuyn trng thihin hnh gia cc trang bng tnh, gia cc bng tnh.
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1. Nhng thao tc u tin vi MS-Excel
1.1 Khi ng MS-Excel t nt Start ca Windows Nhp chut vo nt StartProgramsMicrosoft Excel.
Hnh 1. Khi ng chng trnh MS-Excel
Gii thiu bng tnh ca MS-Excel
Sau khi khi ng chng trnh MS-Excel, chng ta c mt s bng tnh (workbook). Trongmt s bng tnh c nhiu trang bng tnh. Mt s bng tnh c th cha t 1 n 255 trang
bng tnh.
Hnh 2. Ca s chng trnh MS-Excel
Ghi lu bng tnh chng ta c c mt tp tin c phn tn mrng ngm nh l *.XLS. n gin cho vic gi tn sau ny chng ta gi BNG TNH thay cho cch gi S BNGTNH.
Mt trang bng tnh gm c 256 ct c nh ch s theo ch ci A,B,C .. Z,AA, AB,AC..v 65536 dng c nh ch s theo s th t 1,2,3...65536.
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Hnh 3. Mt trang bng tnh c 256 ct v 65536 dng
Theo mc nh, mi ln to bng tnh mi th MS-Excel to 3 trang bng tnh trng t tn lSheet1, Sheet2, Sheet3. Sau ny chng ta c th chn thm cc trang mi v chng c t
tn l Sheet4, Sheet5,...
Hnh 4. Ba trang bng tnh c tn Sheet1, Sheet2, Sheet3
- cell:
ca trang tnh l giao ca mt ct v mt dng. trn trang bng tnh c a ch vit theotrt t xc nh gm ch ci tn ct ng trc v s th t dng ng sau. V da ch u tin l A1 v a ch ca cui cng trn trang bng tnh l IV65536.
Hnh 5. a ch ca l A1
Ca s bng tnh
Ca s bng tnh MS-Excel c cc thnh phn chnh sau:
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Hnh 6. Giao din chng trnh Excel
Thanh tiu : cho bit tn chng trnh ng dng, tn tp tin.
Thanh thc n lnh: cung cp cc nhm lnh lm vic vi bng tnh.Thanh cng c: cung cp cc nt thao tc nhanh.Thanh cng thc (Formula Bar): gm Name Box hin th to son tho v ni dung dliu ca .ng vin ngang: ghi tn ct t tri sang phi theo ch ci A,B,...Y,Z,AA,AB,...IV. Mi ctc cha 65536 .
ng vin dc: ghi s th t dng ct t 1 n 65536. Mi dng c cha 256 .Thanh trt gm ngang v dc: cho php hin th nhng b che khut.Thanh trng thi: di y ca s MS-Excel cho bit thng tin v bng tnh, v trang thison tho, kt qu cng n gin,...
1.2 To bng tnh mi theo mu mc nh
Nhp chut vo biu tng New t trn thanh cng c hoc nhn t hp phm Ctrl+N.
1.3 To bng tnh mi theo mu la chn
Nhp chut vo thc n lnh FileNew lm xut hin hp thoi chn mu.
ng vin ngang
ngvindc
thanh tiu thanh thc n lnh
thanh cng c
thanh cng thc
trang tnh Sheet1,...
thanh trng thi
thanh cun ngang, dc
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Hnh 7. Hp thoi chn mu khi to tp bng tnh mi
1.4 Ghi lu bng tnh vo a
Ghi lu bng tnh
Nhp chut vo biu tng Save .
Nhp tn ca bng tnh vo hp File Name.
Chn th mc s cha tp tin, sau nhn nt Save ghi lu.
Hnh 8. Ghi lu bng tnh vi tn l Danh sach nhan chung chi
Ghi tp tin vo a mm Mthc n lnh File, chn lnh Save As.
Nhp chut vo mi tn ch xung pha bn phi hp Save in.
Chn biu tng 31/2 Floppy (A:).
Nhp tn cho bng tnh sau nhn nt Save.
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1.5 Ghi lu bng tnh di mt tn khc
Nhp chn thc n File, chn lnh Save As.
Chng ta c th chn mt th mc khc ghi lu tp tin.
Nhp tn tp tin mi trong File Name. Nhn nt Save. Bi tp
To mi ba bng tnh, sau ghi lu vo th mc My Documents vi tn l Baitap1.xls,Baitap2.xls,Baitap3.xls.
1.6 Ghi bng tnh theo kiu tp tin khc
Ghi lu bng tnh ph hp vi cc phin bn c trc Excel 2000
Mthc n lnh File, chn lnh SaveAs. Chn th mc lu tr tp tin mi. Nhp chut
vo mi tn ch xung gc phi ca hp Save as type v chn kiu tp tin mun ghi, vd: Microsoft Excel 2.1 Worksheet (*.xls).
Cc bng tnh mu (templates) l g?
Thng thng, khi lm vic vi cc bng tnh, chng ta mun s dng cng mt cch trnhby d liu hay cu trc ca bng tnh. Mi khi to mt bng tnh mi, chng ta c th v litu hoc s dng mt mu bng tnh c sn. Mu bng tnh ny c gi l template.Cc mu c lu tr vi phn mrng l .XLT v khi chng c s dng to ra bngtnh mi, mt bn sao ca bng gc c to ra. Cu trc v nh dng ca bng gc vnc gi nguyn. to mu bng tnh, trc tin cn to mi mt trang bng tnh cha ttc cc thnh phn cn nh dng, sau ghi li di dng tp tin .XLT.
S dng bng tnh mu
Nhp chn thc n FileNew hin th hp thoi New. Chng ta thng nhn thy nhiu th trn hp thoi ny, v d nh General v Spreadsheet
Solutions. la chn mt mu bng tnh trong th Spreadsheet Solutions (ExpenseStatement, Invoice, chng ta nhp p vo mu Purchase Order (n t hng).
Bng tnh mi c ti ra theo mu chn.
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Nu mun dng bng tnh mu mc nh, chn bng Workbook t th General.
Chng ta nhn nt OK kt thc vic chn v mt bng tnh mi c to ra.
Ghi bng tnh nh mt tp tin mu
Bn c th ghi bng tnh ging nh mt tp tin mu bng cch chn Template t phnSave as type ca hp thoi Save. Sau nhn nt Save.
Ghi lu bng tnh c tha ln trang Web
Chn lnh File / Save As. Trong hp Save as type chn kiu WebPage(*.htm:*.html)
Nhp tn bng tnh v nhn nt Save.
1.7 ng bng tnh, ng chng trnh MS-Excel
Nhp chn thc n lnh File, chn mc Close ng bng tnh ang lm vic.
Nhp chn thc n lnh File, chn mc Exit ng chng trnh MS-Excel hoc nhnnt ti gc trn, bn phi mn hnh.
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MS-Excel s mhp thoi hi p vi ngi s dng v vic ghi li cc thay i trong bngtnh. Nhn nt Yes ghi, hoc nhn nt No b qua mi s thay i v ng bng tnh,nhn nt Cancel quay trv trang bng tnh nu cha mun ng bng tnh.
Hnh 9. Nhn nt Yes ghi li mi thay i trong bng tnh Diem thi khoa 3
2. Thao tc c bn trn bng tnh
2.1 M mt hoc nhiu bng tnh
M mt bng tnh
Nhp chn thc n lnh File, chn mc lnh Open.
Hoc nhp chut vo biu tng Open trn thanh cng c.
Di chuyn chut n tp tin m bn mun m, sau nhp p chut vo tn tp tin m.
Nu cn thay i th mc khc, chng ta c th s dng chc nng Up one level di chuyn ln th mc mc cao hoc mdanh sch Look in ri chn th mc cn chuyn
n
Hnh 10. Hp thoi Open
Chn v m nhiu tp tin k nhau
Nhp chut vo biu tng Open . Di chuyn n th mc cha danh sch cc tp tinmun m. Chn tp tin u tin trong danh sch, gi phm Shift sau nhp chut vo tptin cui cng.
Nhn nt Open.
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Hnh 11. Chn dy tp tin lin nhau
Chn v m nhiu tp tin khng k nhau
Nhp chut vo biu tng Open . Di chuyn n th mc cha danh sch cc tp tinmun m. Chn tp tin u tin mun m, gi phm Ctrl sau nhp chut vo cc tp
tin khc. Khi th phm Ctrl, cc tp tin cn m c chn.
Nhn nt Open.
Hnh 12. Chn dy tp tin ri rc
2.2 Chuyn trng thi hin hnh gia cc bng tnh
MS-Excel h trngi dng mnhiu bng tnh nhng ti mt thi im ch c mt bngtnh cho php chng ta thao tc vi , gi l BNG TNH HIN HNH.
chuyn trng thi hin hnh n bng tnh khc, chng ta ch cn nhp chut vo biutng bng tnh c trn thanh trng thi ca s nn MS-Windows.
Hnh 13. Chuyn n bng tnh Book2
Chng ta cng c th chuyn trng thi hin hnh n mt bng tnh bng cch mthc nlnh Window, v nhp chn tn ca bng tnh.
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Hnh 14. Chn Book2 l bng tnh hin hnh
2.3 Trang hin hnh, hin hnh
Trang hin hnh
Trn mt bng tnh hin hnh, ti mt thi im chng ta ch c th thao tc vi cc trnmt trang ca bng tnh v gi l trang hin hnh.
Hnh 15. Trang bng tnh Sheet1 ang l trang hin hnh.
chuyn trng thi hin hnh n trang khc, chng ta ch cn thao tc n gin l nhpchut vo phn cha tn ca trang bng tnh.
Thc hnh1. To mi 1 bng tnh
2. u tin Sheet1 ang l trang hin hnh. Chng ta nhp chut vo tn Sheet2 chuyntrng thi hin hnh n Sheet2.
hin hnh
Trn trang hin hnh, ti mt thi im chng ta ch thao tc c vi mt , gi l hinhnh.
Hnh 16. Sheet2 l trang hin hnh, A1 l hin hnh
A1 ang l hin hnh
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Nhn dng con tr
Trn trang hin hnh, chng ta s thy cc loi con tr sau:
- con tr xc nh no l hin hnh trn trang. Mt ng bao m xut hin trn hinhnh.
- con tr son tho c hnh dng thanh ng mu en, nhp nhy, xc nh v tr nhp d liucho .
- con tr chut thay i hnh dng tu thuc v tr ca n trn trang bng tnh.
con tr chut dng ch thp trng khi trn cc .
con tr chut c dng ch I khi pha trong ang son tho.
Cch nhp, chnh sa d liu c bn trn hin hnh
Cc phm thng dng
- Phm Tab: di chuyn con tr sang phi mt ct.
- Phm Enter: di chuyn con tr xung dng di v kt thc vic nhp/chnh sa d liu.- Cc phm mi tn : di chuyn con tr n cc a ch bt k trn trang.-Ctrl-Home: di chuyn con tr v ngay A1.
Nhp dliu
- Nhp chut vo cn nhp hoc s dng cc phm mi tn chuyn trng thi hin hnhv .
- G phm nhp k t vo ; s dng phm Delete v Backspace khi xo k t; s dngphm Home/End di chuyn nhanh trn dng nhp.
- Nhn phm ESC nu mun kt thc nhp nhng khng ly d liu nhp. Nhn phmEntera d liu cho v kt thc nhp.
Chnh sa dliu
chnh sa d liu nhp trn mt , chng ta nhp p chut vo , chnh sa d liu.Nhn phm Enter kt thc chnh sa.
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2.4 S dng cng c phng to, thu nh
Theo mc nh, trang bng tnh c t t l hin th l 100%. Tuy nhin, chng ta c thphng to trang ti liu ln ti a 400% hoc thu nh xung 25% kch thc thc vi cng cZoom.
Hnh 17. Biu tng Zoom v cc t l phng to / thu nh
phng to hoc thu nh trang hin th, nhp chut vo hnh tam gic bn phi biu tngZoom ri chn t l phn trm trong danh sch hoc c th g con s t l vo Zoom.
2.5 Che giu / hin th cc thanh cng c
Cc thanh cng c thng dng
MS-Excel c nhiu thanh cng c, nhng chng ta thng dng nhng thanh cng c sau:
Hnh 18. Thanh cng c Standard
Hnh 19. Thanh cng c Formatting
Hnh 20. Thanh cng c Drawing
Hnh 21. Thanh cng c Borders
Hnh 22. Thanh cng c Picture
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Che giu / Hin th cc thanh cng c
Nhp chn thc n lnh View, chn lnhToolbars.
Di chuyn chut sang phi thao tc chn hoc b chn thanh cng c hin th.
Hnh 23. Che giu / hin th cc thanh cng c
2.6 Cnh dng tiu / ct tiu
Khi nhp bng tnh c nhiu ct, nhiu dng, chng ta s c nhu cu cnh mt s dng trnca bng tnh trong khi cc dng di c php cun ln hoc cun xung hoc cnh mts ct bn tri trong khi cc ct cn li c php dch sang tri hoc phi.
Hnh 24. Cnh dng tiu s1 hiu dliu cc dng s7, 8, 9
Cc bc thao tc nh sau: t con tr ti B7 theo hnh trn. Nhp chn thc n lnh Window v chn lnh Freeze Panes.
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G b vic cnh tiu
Nhp chn thc n lnh Window v chn lnh Unfreeze Panes.
3. Bi tp tng hp
1. Khi ng chng trnh MS-Excel, to mi ba bng tnh v t tn l BAITAP1.xls,BAITAP2.xls, BAITAP3.xls
2. Thc hnh vic di chuyn gia cc bng tnh ang m.
3. Nhp ni dung sau vo C3 ca bng tnh BAITAP1 : CHC MNG NM MI. Ghilu thnh tp CHUCMUNG.htm v ng MS-Excel.
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Bi 2: Son tho ni dung bng tnh
Mc tiu bi hc:
Cung cp kin thc v k nng cho hc vin qua cc ni dung:- Nhp d liu kiu vn bn v kiu s.
- Bin tp d liu: thao tc xo, sa d liu.
- Thao tc chn , ct dng.
- Sao chp, di chuyn ni dung cc .
- S dng cng c AutoFills.
- Thm, bt, i tn mt trang bng tnh.
- Sao chp, di chuyn trang bng tnh.
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1. Nhp d liu kiu s, vn bn
D liu mt ca bng tnh sau khi nhp sc MS-Excel tng phn loi v a v mttrong cc kiu d liu sau:
- kiu s (Number),
- kiu vn bn (Text),
- kiu logic,
- kiu m li (Error).
Nhp d liu kiu s
Dliu kiu sc to bi cc k t cho php l: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 + - ( ) , / $ % . E e.
V d minh ha d liu kiu s: 789, -789, 7.89, 7.89E+08
Nu mun nhp s m, nh du - trc s hoc nhp s vo gia cp ngoc n ( ). mun nhp s c phn thp phn, s dng du . ngn cch vi phn nguyn.
D liu ngy thng trong MS-Excel c xem l kiu s. Kiu nhp ngy thng c hiu hnh qui nh trong mc Regional Settings t trong ca s Control Panel ca hiuhnh. Thng thng l nhp theo khun dng thng-ngy-nm.
V d:
* nhp vo ni dung 24-1-05, nhn phm Enter. Kt qu xut hin trn l 24-1-05,y l khng phi l gi tr kiu s.
* nhp vo ni dung 1-24-05, nhn phm Enter. Kt qu xut hin trn tngbin i thnh 1/24/2005, y chnh l gi tr kiu s.
Hnh 25. Gi tr kiu smc nh c cn l phi
MS-Excel tng iu chnh s hin th ht d liu trong mt . Nhng nu mt cnh rng lm cho d liu s khng th hin c ht th chng ta s nhn thy dng thng
bo #########.
Lu :
Gi tr ca d liu s sau khi nhp l khng thay i khi chng ta thay i khun dng hinth d liu trn mn hnh.
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V d: Chng ta nhp gi tr vo D1, D3, D4, D5 u l 19000000. Sau thay i khundng D3, D4, D5, chng ta c c cc dng th hin s khc nhau. Nhng chng ta c thnhn thy gi tr d liu D4 vn l 19000000 c hin th r rng trn thanh cng thc.
Hnh 26. Khun dng sthay i nhng khng lm thay i gi tr dliu
Bi tp
Nhp ln lt ni dung 22/09/1972, 9-Sep, 09-22-1972 vo cc C1, C2, C3. Quan st
xem d liu c biu din nh th no.
Nhp d liu kiu vn bn
D liu kiu vn bnc to bi cc k t hoc l k t s, hoc l khong trng v hoccc k t khng phi l s.
V d minh ho d liu kiu vn bn:
* 10AA109 l d liu kiu vn bn v c cha dy k t AA;
* 208 675 l d liu kiu vn bn v c cha khong trng;
* 44 ng Xun Thu l d liu kiu vn bn v cha ting Vit, c cha khong
trng.
Khi s k t nhp vt qu di v bn phi ang cn trng th MS-Excel tip tc hinth phn k t cn li ca sang bn phi.
Khi s k t nhp vt qu di m bn phi c d liu th MS-Excel che du cc kt vt qu . iu khng lm thay i gi tr d liu nhp ca .
nhp dy s theo kiu vn bn, v d nhp s chng minh nhn dn ca mt ngi, chngta nhp k tu tin l k t p kiu gm: k t nhy n , k t nhy kp . Sau khi nhp,d liu ca khng cha k t p kiu.
Bi tpNhp ln lt ni dung A05 , 05 , -05 , (5) , 05 , 05 vo cc B1, B2, B3, B4, B5,B6. Quan st xem d liu c biu din nh th no trn bng tnh.
gi tr d liu D4vn l 19000000
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Chn vng lin tc hnh ch nht
Nhp chut vo trn cng bn tri.
Gi phm Shift v nhp chut vo di cng bn phi.
Lu , chng ta c thnhanh chng thay i vng chn bng cch nhp chut thay i dicng bn phi m khng cn phi lm li tu.
Th phm Shift kt thc vic chn.
Hnh 28. Chn vng hnh chnht
Trong trng hp ny a ch vng c vit theo khun dng (a ch trn cng bn tri:a ch di cng bn phi), tch bi du hai chm :. V d vng (A4:C7).
Hnh 29. Chn vng nm trn cng 1 dng. a ch vng ny l (B4:E4)
Chn vng ri rc u tin chn mt hoc mt vng lin tc hnh ch nht.
Gi phm Ctrl trong khi chn mt hoc mt vng lin tc hnh ch nht tip theo.
Lu , chng ta c thnhanh chng thay i vng chn bng cch nhp chut mt ln natrn cc chn hu chn m khng cn phi lm li tu.
Ch th phm Ctrl khi kt thc.
Hnh 30. Vng ri rc
Chn mt ct
chn mt ct, chng ta nhp chut vo tn ct c trn ng vin ngang.
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Chn dy ct lin k nhau
chn dy ct lin nhau, chng ta nhp chut vo tn ct u tin (bn tri hoc bnphi ca dy) trn ng vin ngang.
Gi phm Shift v nhp chut vo tn ct cui cng ca dy.Th phm Shift.
Chn dy ct ri rc
Trc tin chng ta chn ct hoc dy ct lin nhauGi phm Ctrl trong khi chng ta nhp chut chn dy ct tip theo.Th phm Ctrl.
Hnh 31. Dy ct ri rc A,D,E,F
Chn mt dng
chn mt dng, chng ta nhp chut vo s th t dng c trn ng vin dc.
Chn dy dng lin k nhau
chn dy dng lin nhau, chng ta nhp chut vo s th t dng u tin (trn cnghoc di cng ca dy) trn ng vin dc.
Gi phm Shift v nhp chut vo s th t dng sau cng ca dy.
Th phm Shift.
Chn dy dng ri rc
Trc tin chng ta chn dng hoc dy dng lin nhauGi phm Ctrl trong khi chng ta nhp chut chn s th t dng tip theo.Th phm Ctrl.
Hnh 32. Dy dng ri rc 2,4,5
Chn ton b bng tnh
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Ch cn nhp chut vo nt giao giao nhau ca ng vin ngang v ng vin dc.
hoc bm t hp phm Ctrl+A.
3.2 Hy chn
hy chn cc , chng ta ch cn nhp chut vo bt k trn trang bng tnh.
3.3 Bi tp
1. Thc hin vic nh du chn dng 3 n dng 90 bng hai cch: ch dng chut v dngchut nhng c s dng phm SHIFT. So snh u im v nhc im ca hai phng php.
2. Thc hin vic nh du chn cc vng sau (B2:E9; H2:K9)
3. Thc hin vic nh du chn c trang bng tnh.
4. Hu chn.
4. S dng cng cin ni dung tng
4.1 Thc hnh in tng s th t
Nhp s 5 vo B3.
Nhn gi phm Ctrl.
Tr chut vo hnh vung nhgc di, bn phi , con tr chuyn thnh hnh ducng c m.
Hnh 33. Con tr chut chuyn i thnh du chthp en
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Nhn v ko chut theo chiu dc, chng ta s thy xut hin s 6,7,8 c in tng vocc B4, B5, B6.
4.2 Thc hnh in tng theo chui d liu
Thao tc :
Nhp d liu 4CL021 vo A2 v 4CL022 vo A3.
Chn vng (A2:A3).
a con tr chut vo gc di phi, con tr chuyn thnh hnh du cng. Nhn v kochut theo chiu dc in tng cc gi tr vn bn 4CL023, 4CL024,...vo cc
pha di.
Hnh 34. Thao tc in dliu tng theo chui dliu tng c quy lut
4.3 Thc hnh in tng theo cp s cng
T dy s xut pht, MS-Excel tng phn tch v cngthm mtsgia c cc gi trtip theo ca dy theo quy lut tuyn tnh. V d
Dy cho trc S gia Dy pht trin tuyn tnh
1, 2 +1 3, 4, 51, 3 +2 5, 7, 9
100, 95 -5 90, 85
Thao tc:
Chn t nht hai , cha dy gi tr cho trc.Nhp chut vo ng v tr gc di-phi, ko v th.
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Hnh 35. V d ca in dliu theo xu thtuyn tnh v xu thcp snhn
4.4 Thc hnh in tng theo xu th cp s nhn
T dy mt s s liu xut pht, MS-Excel tng phn tch v nhn thm mt tha s ccc gi tr tip theo. V d
Dy cho trc Tha s Dy pht trin cp s nhn
1, 2 2 4, 8, 16
1, 3 3 9, 27, 81
2, 3 1.5 4.5, 6.75, 10.125
Thao tc:
Chn t nht hai , cha dy gi tr cho trc. Nhp chut phi vo v tr gc di-phi, ko v th. Khi th nt chut phi, bng chn nng xut hin. Nhn vo Growth Trend
Hnh 36. Chn Growth Trend in dliu theo cp snhn
Bi tp
1. To mi mt bng tnh v ghi lu vi tn l DIENTUDONG.xls
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2. Trn Sheet1, nhp gi tr 0.5 v 1.0 vo D1 v E1. Dng cng c AutoFills to mtdng s liu tng dn theo xu th tuyn tnh nh sau: 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0,
3. Trn Sheet2, nhp gi tr 2 v 4 vo D2 v E2. Dng cng c AutoFills to mt dngs liu tng dn theo xu th cp s nhn nh sau: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32
4. Trn Sheet3, nhp ni dung D003 vo B3. S dng AutoFills to mt dy d liutng c quy lut, kt thc B10.
5. Trn Sheet4, nhp ni dung Thng 1 ti D4. S dng AutoFills tng to ra dy c ni dung l Thng 2 n Thng 12. Kt thc ti D14.
6. Ghi lu bng tnh.
5. Thao tc sao chp, di chuyn, xo, chn cc
Chng ta lm quen vi cc nt lnh Copy , Cut , Paste trn thanh cng cStandard; hoc trong thc n lnh Edit,
Hnh 37. Thc n lnh Edit
hoc trong hp chn lnh xut hin khi nhn phm phi chut vo cc i tng.
Hnh 38. Hp lnh
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5.1 Sao chp cc
Thao tc sao chp mt trong MS-Excel khng ch bao gm sao chp ni dung, nh dngca . Chng ta c th nhn thy trong bng di y nhiu mc la chn khi dn mt sao chp:
Hnh 39. Nhiu la chn khi dn mt sao chp
chun b cho cc bi thc hnh, chng ta mmt bng tnh mi v nhp ni dung theohnh di y:
Hnh 40. Nhp k t* vo vng A1:B2 trn Sheet1
Thao tc sao chp gia cc trn cng trang bng tnh
Chn cc cn sao chp (cc ny c th l mt hoc vng )
Nhn nt Copy hoc bm t hp phm Ctrl+C sao chp .
Chuyn con tr n v tr gc trn bn tri vng dnh sao chp.
Nhn nt Paste hoc bm t hp phm Ctrl+V dn ni dung .
Thc hnh
1. Dng bn phm hoc chut thao tc chn vng A1:B2.
2. Nhn nt Copy.
3. Di chuyn con tr n C3, sau nhn nt Paste.4. Kim tra kt qu theo hnh di y:
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Hnh 41. Vng A1:B2 l vng ngun, vng C3:D4 l vng ch
5. Di chuyn tip con tr n v tr E5 v nhn nt Copy. Hy kim tra xem vic dn cc thc hin tip trong ln th hai khng?
6. Nhn nt ESC lm mt ng vin nt quanh vng A1:B2. Sau di chuyn con tr n v tr A3. Hy kim tra xem vic dn c cn thc hin c na khng?
7. Rt ra cc nguyn tc cho vic sao chp v dn trong MS-Excel.
Thao tc sao chp gia cc khc trang bng tnh
Trn trang bng tnh hin hnh, chn cc cn sao chp.
Nhn vo nt lnh Copy hoc s dng t hp phm nng Ctrl+C.
Chuyn trng thi hin hnh n trang bng tnh khc hay mtp bng tnh khc.
t con tr ti v tr gc trn bn tri vng dnh sao chp.
Nhn vo nt lnh Paste hoc t hp phm Ctrl+V dn cc .
Thc hnh
1. Dng bn phm hoc chut thao tc chn vng A1:B2.
2. Nhn nt Copy.
3. Nhp chn Sheet2, t con tr ti C3, sau nhn nt Paste.
4. Kim tra kt qu trn Sheet1 v Sheet2 theo hnh di y:
5.2 Di chuyn cc
Chn cc cn di chuyn.
Nhn nt Cut hoc bm t hp phm Ctrl+X to nh ca .
Chuyn con tr n v tr gc trn bn tri vng dnh t cc .
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Nhn nt Paste hoc bm t hp phm Ctrl+V dn cc .
Thc hnh
1. Dng bn phm hoc chut thao tc chn vng A1:B2.
2. Nhn nt Cut.3. Di chuyn con tr n C3, sau nhn nt Paste.
4. Kim tra kt qu theo hnh di y:
Hnh 42. Kt qu di chuyn cc
5. Th thc hin tip vic dn ln th hai v rt ra nguyn tc cho vic di chuyn cc .
5.3 Xo ni dung cc
nh du chn cc cn xo.
Nhp chn thc n lnh EditClearContents hoc nhn phm Delete.
.
Hnh 43. Xo ni dung tthc n lnh Edit
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6. Thm/bt , dng, ct
6.1 Thm dng
Hnh 44. Dliu trc khi chn dng
chn mt dng nm gia dng 1 v dng 2 ca trang bng tnh, chng ta thc hin:
Chn dng 2,
Nhp chn thc n lnh Insert Rows to mt dng trng nm gia hai dng. Dngmi s c nh dng ging nh dng 2 trc khi chn.
Kim tra kt qu theo hnh di y:
Hnh 45. V tr thay i sau khi chn dng
6.2 Thm ct
chn thm mt ct nm gia ct A v B, chng ta thc hin:
Chn ct B.
Nhp chn thc n lnh Insert Columns.Kim tra kt qu theo hnh di.
Hnh 46. V tr cc thay i sau khi chn 1 ct
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6.3 Thm vng
Trc khi thm chng ta c trang bng tnh Sheet1 c ni dung nh hnh di y:
Hnh 47. Trc khi chn thm
Chn vng ch gm B2.
Nhp chn thc n lnh InsertCells lm xut hin hp thoi sau:
Hnh 48. Hp thoi Insert xut hin
Gii thch cc mc trong hp thoi:
Chn Shift cells right: chn trng v y cc bn phi v tr chn sang phi.
Chn Shift cells down: chn trng v y cc t v tr chn xung di.
Chn Entire row: chn dng trng v y cc dng t v tr chn xung di.
Chn Entrire column: chn ct trng v y cc ct t v tr chn sang phi. Chn mc Shift cells down chn trng vo vng chn v y cc t v tr chn
xung di. Kim tra kt qu theo hnh di y:
Hnh 49. Sau khi chn Shift cells down chn
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thao tc vi mc chn khc, hy nhn nt Undo tr d liu trn trang bng tnh v trngthi c. Tip tc thc hnh cc bc sau:
Nhp chn thc n lnh InsertCells, sau chn Entrire column. Kim tra kt qu theo hnh di y:
Hnh 50. Sau khi chn 1 ct
6.4 Xo vng
Xo vng khc vi xo ni dung lm mc 5.3
Chn vng cn xo.
Nhp chn thc n lnh EditDelete lm xut hin hp thoi Delete.
Hnh 51. Cc la chn khi xo
Gii thch cc mc trong hp thoi:
Chn Shift cells left: xo v y cc bn phi v tr xo i sang tri.
Chn Shift cells up: xo v y cc di v tr xo i ln trn.
Chn Entire row: xo dng cha v y cc dng di v tr xo i ln trn.
Chn Entrire column: xo ct cha v y cc ct bn phi v tr xo i sang tri.
Thc hnh
Hnh 52. Trc khi xo
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xo B2, chng ta thc hin:
Chn B2,
Nhp chn thc n lnh EditDelete lm xut hin hp thoi Delete. Chn mc Shift cells up. Kim tra kt qu theo hnh di y:
Hnh 53. Sau khi xo
Nhn phm Undo trv trng thi c v tip tc cc bc sau:
Nhp chn EditDelete, chn mc Entire row. Kim tra kt qu theo hnh di y:
Hnh 54. Mt dng bin mt sau khi xo
6.5 Thay i chiu rng ct v chiu cao dng
Chiu rng ct c c trng bi cnh tri v cnh phi. Chiu cao dng c c trng bimp trn v mp di (mp y).
Hnh 55. Cnh phi ct C v mp y dng 6
Co dn kch thc mt ct
Di chuyn con tr chut vo cnh phi tiu ct, khi con tr chut thay i c hnh
dng
Nhn v ko di chut sang phi hoc sang tri tng hoc gim kch thc ct.
cnh phi ca ct C
mp y ca dng 6
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Hnh 56. Co dn kch thc ct
Tng hoc gim rng nhiu ct mt lc
Chn dy ct mun co dn kch thc, t con tr chut vo cnh phi ca mt ct trongvng chn.
nhn v di chut sang phi hoc tri tng hoc gim rng cc ct.
Hnh 57. Co dn nhiu ct mt lc
iu chnh tng rng ct
Nhp p chut vo cnh phi ca ct, MS-Excel s tng co dn kch thc ct cho phhp vi di d liu cha trong ct.
t rng bng nhau cho nhiu ct
Cc bc thao tc:
Chn cc ct.
Nhp chn thc n lnh FormatColumnWidth lm xut hin hp thoi ColumnWith.
nhp pchut
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Hnh 58. Chn lnh Format-> Column->Width...
Nhp kch thc ct vo trng v nhn nt OK kt thc.
Hnh 59. Hp thoi nhp rng ct
Thay i cao nhiu dng
Chn cc dng mun thay i.
Di chuyn con tr chut n mp y ca mt dng trong vng chn
Nhn v ko di chut ln trn hoc xung di thay i cao.
Hnh 60. Thay i cao nhiu dng mt ln
Thao tc n/ hin ct v dng
Mt s ct hoc dng trong MS-Excel sau khi tnh ton cn phi t thuc tnh n che duthng tin in ra mn hnh hoc my in.
Cc bc lm n ct:
Chn ct cn t thuc tnh.
Nhp phi chut trn vng chn lm xut hin hp chn.
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Hnh 61. Chn mc lnh Hide n ct
Chn mc lnh Hide.
hin th ct trli, chng ta thc hin cc bc sau:
Chn vng ct c cha ct ang t thuc tnh n.
Nhp phi chut trn vng chn, lm xut hin hp chn lnh.
Hnh 62. Chn mc lnh Unhide
Chn mc lnh Unhide.
t cao nhiu dng bng nhau
t nhiu dng c cng cao, chng ta thao tc nh sau: Chn cc dng. Nhp chn thc n lnh FormatRowHeight Nhp chiu cao vo RowHeight. Nhn nt OK kt thc.
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7. Thao tc vi cc trang bng tnh
7.1 Chn mt trang vo bng tnh
Khi to bng tnh th mc nh c 3 trang bng tnh, tuy nhin ngi dng c th chn thmnhiu trang bng tnh mi.
Thc hin cc bc sau:
Cch 1: Nhp chn thc n lnh InsertWorksheet hoc Cch 2: Nhn phi chut vo tn trang bng tnh bt k, chn mc Insert
Hnh 63. Nhp phi chut lm xut hin hp chn lnh Insert...
Nhn nt OK khi c hp thoi xut hin chn thm mt trang bng tnh.
7.2 i tn trang bng tnh
d qun l ni dung c trn cc trang bng tnh, chng ta nn i tn cc trang bng tnhcho ph hp vi ni dung cha trong trang. Tn cho trang bng tnh c th cha du cch,ch ci, ch s, du gch di.
V d: trong bng tnh qun l thng tin mt k st hch Tin hc vn phng, chng ta c tht tn cc trang l xeploaichung, cap_chungchi,...
Hnh 64. i tn cc trang bng tnh
Thc hin cc bc sau i tn trang bng tnh:
Nhn phm phi chut vo tn trang bng tnh mun thay i. Chn Rename
G tn mi ri nhn Enter
Hnh 65. Trc v sau khi i tn trang bng tnh
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7.3 Xo mt trang bng tnh
Nhp chn thc n lnh EditDelete hoc nhp phi chut vo tn ca trang mun xo lmxut hin hp chn lnh Delete
Hnh 66. Thao tc xo bng tnh c tn Sheet1
Trong trng hp trang bng tnh ang cha d liu, MS-Excel s hin th hp thoi yu cu
ngi dng khng nh vic hu b. Nhn nt Delete thc hin vic xo hoc nhn ntCancel hon thi hnh.
7.4 Sao chp trang bng tnh
C th sao chp mt hoc nhiu trang bng tnh sang v tr mi hoc sang bng tnh khc.
Sao chp mt trang bng tnh
Chng ta thc hin cc bc sau: Nhp chn tn trang bng tnh cn sao chp. Gi phm Ctrl ri ko-th tn trang bng tnh sang v tr mi.
Hnh 67. Sao chp mt trang bng tnh
Sao chp nhiu trang tbng tnh ny sang bng tnh khc
Chng ta thc hin cc bc sau: Chn cc trang bng tnh cn sao chp. C th s dng phm Shift h tr thao tc chn
nhiu trang lin k hoc s dng phm Ctrl h tr chn cc trang ri rc, Nhp chn thc n lnh EditMove or Copy hoc nhp phi chut vo vng trang
c chn lm xut hin hp chn lnh v sau chn lnh Move or Copy Trong hp thoi Move or Copy:
o nhn chn Create a copy.o trong phn To bookhy chn bng tnh nhn bng sao chp.
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o trong phn Before sheet, v tr t trang sao chp l trc trang no hoc vcui dy trang c trn bng tnh (ting Anh l move to end)
Nhn nt OK hon thnh vic sao chp.
7.5 Di chuyn trang bng tnh
Di chuyn trang cng trong mt bng tnh
Nhp chn tn trang cn di chuyn. Ko - th trang bng tnh sang bn tri hoc bn phi danh sch trang. Trong qu trnh
ko - th, mt mi tn nh s xut hin pha trn danh sch, xc nh v tr ca trang angc di chuyn.
Di chuyn nhiu trang bng tnh
Chn cc trang bng tnh cn sao chp. C th s dng phm Shift h tr thao tc chnnhiu trang lin k hoc s dng phm Ctrl h tr chn cc trang ri rc,
Nhp chn thc n lnh EditMove or Copy hoc nhp phi chut vo vng trangc chn lm xut hin hp chn lnh v sau chn lnh Move or Copy
Trong hp thoi Move or Copy:o trong phn To bookhy chn bng tnh nhn bng sao chp.o trong phn Before sheet, v tr t trang sao chp l trc trang no hoc v
cui dy trang c trn bng tnh (ting Anh l move to end)Ch : khng nhn chn Create a copy.
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Hnh 68. Di chuyn trang Nam hoc 2003 v trc trang Nam hoc 2002
Nhn nt OK hon thnh vic sao chp.
Thc hnh thm
1. Mhai bng tnh v ghi lu thnh THUCHANH1.XLS v THUCHANH2.XLS.
2. Nhp ni dung bt k ln Sheet1 ca bng tnh THUCHANH1.XLS.
3. Thc hin sao chp Sheet1 ca bng tnh THUCHANH1.XLS n cui dy trang c trnbng tnh THUCHANH2.XLS.
4. Thc hin di chuyn tt c cc Sheet c trn bng tnh THUCHANH2.XLS t trn bngtnh THUCHANH1.XLS.
5. Kim tra kt qu nh sau:
o Bng tnh THUCHANH2.XLS khng cn trang bng tnh no.
o Bng tnh THUCHANH1.XLS c tt c l 7 trang bng tnh.
8. S dng tin ch sp xp v lc d liu
8.1 Sp xp bng tnh theo cc ct
Mbng tnh mi v nhp ni dung vo Sheet1 theo hnh di y:
Hnh 69. Dliu trc khi sp xp
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Chn vng d liu cn sp xp l A4:E10. Nhp chn thc n lnh DataSort lm xut hin hp thoi Sort.
Hnh 70. Hp thoi Sort
Gii thch cc mc trong hp thoi Sort: Trong mc Sortby, chn tn ct u tin lm ch s sp xp mc mt. Theo hnhchng ta chn ct im thi. La chn sp xp theo trt t gi tr gim dn(Descending). Trong mc Then by, chn ct Nm sinh lm ct ch s sp xp mc hai theo trtt gi tr tng dn (Ascending).. Nhp chn Header row v vng d liu chng ta chn c cha dng tiu .
Nhn nt OK bt u thc hin sp xp. Kim tra kt qu theo hnh sau:
Hnh 71. Dliu sau khi c sp xp theo ct im thi v Nm sinh
nh li s th t cho ct STT. Ghi lu tp v t tn l DULIEU1.XLS.
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8.2 S dng tin ch lc d liu
Vi MS-Excel, chng ta c th dng php lc d liu ly ra cc thng tin cn thit. Kt quca vic lc l trn trang bng tnh ch cn xut hin cc dng d liu tho mn iu kin tnhton, cc dng khc c che du i, khng c in ra giy. Nh vy vi cng mt vng d
liu trn bng, s dng tin ch lc s gip chng ta nhanh chng to to cc trang bo cotheo cc loi yu cu khc nhau.
Chng ta thc hin theo cc bc:
Mtp DULIEU1.XLS vi d liu theo hnh di y:
Hnh 72. Dliu trc khi lc
a con tr v bt k thuc vng d liu A4:E10.
Nhp chn thc n lnh DataFilterAutoFilter. Trn dng tiu ct s xut hinnt bm c du tam gic tr xung.
Hnh 73. Chn iu kin lc
Chng ta s thc hin t iu kin lc trn ct im thi ch cn cc dng c im t 5.0trln c hin th.
Nhp chn mi tn trn ct d liu im thi.
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Hnh 74. Nhp chn mi tn ct dliu im thi lm xut hin hp chn iu kin lc
Gii thch hp chn iu kin lc: All: ly tt c, khng loi tr dng no. Top 10: ly 10 dng u tin. C th chn cc im s c nh: 4.0, 6.0,..
Custom: lc theo iu kin do chng ta xc nh. Nhp chn mc Custom... lm xut hin hp thoi Custom AutoFilter.
Hnh 75. Hp thoi dnh cho ngi dng tto iu kin lc
ngha ca cc thng bo: equals: so snh bng. does not equal: so snh khng bng is greater than: so snh ln hn. is greater than or equal to: so snh ln hn hoc bng
is less than: so snh nh hn is less than or equal to: so snh nh hn hoc bng.
Trong hp thoi Custom AutoFilter, nhp chn is greater than or equal to v nhp s5.0 vo bn phi.
Kim tra kt qu theo hnh di y:
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Hnh 76. Kt qu lc theo iu kin im thi t5.0 tr ln
xo b tin ch lc tng, chng ta thc hin cc bc sau:
Nhp chn thc n lnh DataFilterAutoFilter. iu ny c ngha l tt chcnng lc tng c trc .
9. Bi tp tng hp
1. To mi mt bng tnh, t tn l DU LIEU2.xls
2. Trn Sheet 1, nhp ni dung sau:
3. Sa im thi mn Tin cho th sinh H Thu Mai t 8.5 thnh 9.5.
4. Sa tn Th sinh c m s DQG0008 thnh L Vn Chin.
5. Sao chp ni dung vng (A4:B13) sang trang bng tnh Sheet2
6. Sao chp ni dung vng (A4:A13, D4:E13) sang trang bng tnh Sheet3
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7. Chn thm mt dng vo bng tnh, nm di dng 9. Nhp ni dung sau vo dng mithm: M s th sinh DGQ010; H v tn - Phm Th Mai; Ngy sinh 16/02/1980; imTon 5.0; im Tin 6.5.
8. Xo ton b ni dung ct im Ton sau s dng lnh Undo khi phc li ni
dung9. t chiu cao cc dng trong bng tnh v cng mt so Row Height = 17.5
10. t chiu rng ct im Ton v im Tin v cng mt so Column Width =12
11. Thc hin thao tc n ni dung ct D v E.
12. nh s li m s th sinh bng cng c AutoFills: Th sinh u tin trong danh sch s cm s th sinh = KC01
13. Thc hin vic chia khung nhn bng tnh theo ct M s th sinh v dng 4.
14. Ghi lu bng tnh.
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Bi 3: Thao tc nh dng
Mc tiu bi hc:
- nh dng biu din d liu theo nhiu dng: dng s, dng vn bn,dng tin t, dng t l phn trm, dng ngy thng.- Sao chp nh dng vng .- Thay i hng vn bn trong .- K/xo cc ng vin ca vng .
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1. Tm hiu trc khi tin hnh nh dng
Hp thoi Format Cells
Hnh 77. Hp thoi cho php thc hin nh dng
Gii thiu mt s nt lnh trn thanh cng cnh dng
Hnh 78. Thanh cng cnh dng
Hnh minh hoNt lnh ngha ca nt lnh
Trc Sau
Thm k hiu tin t
Thm k hiu phn trm
Thm du phy ngn cch phn nghn
Phng ch Cch Kiu ch Cn l nh dng kiu s Mu nn v mu ch
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Tng thm 1 ch s phn thp phn
Gim bt 1 ch s phn thp phn
2. Thao tc nh dng
Chng ta c th thay i cch hin th d liu mt bng thao tc nh dng. Thao tc nhdng khng lm thay i gi tr ca d liu cha trong .
MS-Excel cung cp nhiu dng biu din d liu trong gm:
General: Dng chung do MS-Excel qui nh sau khi nhp d liu vo . Number: Dng s.
Currency: Dng tin t. Date: Dng ngy thng. Time: Dng thi gian. Text: Dng vn bn. Custom: Dng do ngi dng tnh ngha theo cc qui nh m MS-Excel htr.
2.1 Biu din d liu s thc
Cc bc thc hin:
Mmt bng tnh mi v nhp s thc 11111.99 vo C1 ca Sheet1.
Hnh 79. Nhp s11111.99 vo C1
Nhp chn thc n lnh FormatCells lm xut hin hp thoi Format Cells. Nhp chn th Number.
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Hnh 80. Chn mc Number trong nhm nh dng Category v nhp chn Use 1000 Separator( ,)
Chn mc Number trong nhm nh dng Category v nhp chn Use 1000
Separator(,). Chng ta c th thy gi tr s ca i sang dng 11,111.99 mcSample.
Nhn nt OK kt thc.
Chng ta c thnh dng s 11111.99 c biu din trn mn hnh theo dng 11 111.99,tc l c khong trng gia s hng nghn v s hng trm dc hn. Cc bc thao tcnh sau:
Trong hp thoi Format Cell, th Number v trong nhm nh dng Category chng tachn Custom. Sau nhp vo Type dy k t ### ##0.00.
Hnh 81. Nhn vo mc Sample nhn thy kiu dng s
Nhn nt OK kt thc.
ni biu din gitr thay itheo cc lachn
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Kt qu l s 11111.99 vn gi nguyn gi tr, iu c xc nh trn thanh cng thcnhng cch hin th ca s trn C1 thay i thnh 11 111.99, c khong trng giacon s hng nghn v hng trm.
2.2 Biu din d liu theo dng ngy thngKhun dng mc nh ca MS-Excel khi nhp d liu kiu ngy thng vo bng tnh lthng/ngy/nm (mm/dd/yyyy hoc mm/dd/yy). Sau khi nhp d liu theo khun dngthng/ngy/nm, chng ta c th thay i cch biu din d liu theo ngy/thng/nm.
Cc bc thc hin nh sau:
Mmt bng tnh mi v nhp gi tr l 04/30/2005 vo C1 ca Sheet1. Nhp chn thc n lnh FormatCells. Nhp chn mc Custom trong hp danh sch Category. Nhp chui k t dd/mm/yyyy vo Type.
Kim tra kt qu theo hnh di y.
Hnh 82. Gi tr thc ca C1 c hin th trn thanh cng thc l 04/30/2005
2.3 Biu din d liu dng tin tThc hin cc bc sau:
Mbng tnh mi v nhp s 22091972.25 vo C1 trn Sheet1.
Nhp chn thc n lnh FormatCells. Nhp chn Custom trong danh sch Category.
Nhp chut vo Type, nhp dy k t#,##0.00[$VND]
Nhn nt OK. Kim tra kt qu theo hnh di y:
Hnh 83. Dng tin t ca C1
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2.4 Biu din d liu theo dng phn trm
Trong mt vi trng hp, ngi dng mun biu din mt s di dng phn trm, v d: gitr 0.56 sc hin th l 56%.
Cc bc thc hin:
Mbng tnh mi, nhp s 0.5678 vo C1,
Nhn nt trn thanh cng c c dng biu din 57%.
Nhn nt trn thanh cng c c dng biu din 56.8%
3. nh dng cha vn bn
Hnh 84. Hp thoi Fomart Cells
3.1 Thay i kiu ch, c ch, dng ch
Trong MS-Excel, vic thay i kiu ch, cch, dng chm/nghing/gch chn c thchin theo cch lm trong MS-Word.
Thc hnh
Hnh 85. Nhp dliu vn bn v nh dng
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3.2 Thay i mu ch v mu nn
Thay i mu ch
Nhn vo mi tn tr xung trong hp Color, chn mu ch thch hp. Thao tc ny tngng vi thao tc mbng chn mu bng cch nhn vo mi tn tr xung bn phi nt FontColor trn thanh cng c.
Hnh 86. Thay i mu ch
Thay i mu nn
Nhn chn th Patterns l nhm cc thao tc nh dng mu nn .
La chn mu nn trong bng mu Color. Thao tc ny tng t thao tc t munn bng cch nhn vo mi tn tr xung bn phi nt FillColor ri chn mu t
La chn mu ho tit trang tr cho trong bng mu Pattern
Hnh 87. Th Patterns Nhm cc la chn nh dng mu nn
Thc hnh
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Hnh 88. To bng tnh gi dy c t mu nn ch, thay i nn
3.3 Sao chp nh dng
S dng chi qut nh dng Format Painter
Thao tc sao chp nh dng theo cch lm trong MS-Word. Chn c nh dng trc.
Nu chn c vng th vng phi c cng kiu (mu ch, kiu ch, mu sc...)
Nhn nt Format Painter , bn phi con tr xut hin thm mt chi qut sn
nh. Thao tc chn hoc vng p dng sao chp nh dng.
Thc hnh
Nhp d liu vo trang bng tnh v thc hin c kt qu theo hnh di.
Hnh 89. vng A4:A7 thay i mu nn sau khi sao chp nh dng
3.4 t thuc tnh Wrap Text cho y l mt cng c cho php tng xung dng trong mt nu nh d liu nhp vo vtqu rng .
V d:
Trc khi nh dng Sau khi nh dng
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Cc bc thc hin: Chn (vng ) mun p dng hiu ng ny Nhp chn thc n lnh FormatCells Nhn chn th Alignment Trong phn chn Text Control, nhn chn Wrap Text t thuc tnh tng a ni
dung xung dng lm cho ni dung c hin y .
Hnh 90. Nhp chn Wrap Text trong mc Text control
Xo bnh dng
Chn (vng ) cn chnh sa/gbnh dng. Nhp chn thc n lnh EditClearFormat.
4. Cn l, vng vin
4.1 Cn v tr ch trong : gia, tri, phi, trn, di
Khi nhp d liu vo bng tnh, MS-Excel s phn tch xem nu d liu dng vn bn th tng cn l bn tri, nu d liu dng s th cn l bn phi. Tuy nhin, chng ta c th chn
cch cn l khc cho ph hp vi mc ch trnh by bng tnh. cn chnh v tr ch trong theo l tri; theo gia l tri phi; theo l phi
Cn l tri Cn gia l tri phi Cn l phi
Cc bc thc hin: Chn (vng ) mun p dng nh dng
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Nhp chut vo mt trong ba nt sau trn thanh cng c
Nt Hiu ng
Cn theo l tri
Cn gia theo l tri v phi
Cn theo l phi
cn chnh v tr ch trong theo:
theo l trn theo l trn v di theo l di
chng ta thao tc nh sau: Chn (vng ) mun p dng nh dng. Nhp chn thc n lnh FormatCells lm xut hin hp thoi Format Cells. Nhn chn th Alignment.
Trong phn Text alignment, c 2 hng cn chnh l Horizontal(theo chiu ngang): dng cn chnh theo l tri v l phi ca . Vertical(theo chiu dc): dng cn chnh theo l trn v l di ca .
Hnh 91. Cn chnh theo Horizontal v Vertical
4.2 Ho nhp dy to tiu bng biu
C th ha nhp (ting Anh gi l Merge) nhiu lin nhau, cng dng thnh mt , cngia, v d B2 trong hnh di y.
Hnh 92. Ho nhp cc (B2:G2) thnh B2 cha tiu
Cc bc thao tc:
Chn cc cn ha nhp. Nhn ntMerge and Centertrn thanh cng c.
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4.3 Thay i hng ch trong
Mun thay i hng ch trong th thc hin cc thao tc sau:
Chn (vng ) cn p dng nh dng Nhp chn thc n lnh FormatCells. Chn th Alignment. Trong phn Orientation, nhp chut vo mi tn mu , ko vo quay trn ng
cung trn n nghing ph hp c hin th trong Degreesbn di:
Hnh 93. Cn chnh hng vit dliu
Nhn OK hon thnh.
Thc hnh
To cc ni dung trong theo hnh di y:
Hnh 94. Thay i hng chtrong D2 v E2
4.4 Thm ng vin cho , vng
S dng nt Border trn thanh cng c
Chn (vng ) mun vng vin.
Trn thanh cng c Formatting, nhp chut vo nt mi tn tam gic nh c trong hnhlm xut hin danh sch cc nt di y. Cc nt (tr nt No Border) u c hai
chc nng: to v xo.
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Hnh 95. Danh sch cc nt thao tc ng vin
Gii thch ngha cc nt:
xo b cc ngvin
to/xo ng vinmnh l di
to/xo ng vinmnh l tri
to/xo ng vinmnh l phi
to/xo ng vinhai nt l di
to/xo ng vinm l di
to/xo ng vinmnh l trn v ldi
to/xo ng vinmnh l trn vng vin hai nt l di
to/xo ng vin
mnh l trn vng vin m ldi
to/xo ng vin
mnh trn cc lthuc vng
to/xo ng vin
mnh bn ngoivng
to/xo ng vin
m bn ngoi vng
Thc hnh
Mbng tnh mi v nhp ni dung theo hnh v di Sheet1
To/chnh sa ng vin bng hp thoi Format Cells
to ng vin hay vng theo yu cu phc tp hn, chng ta thc hin thao tc sau:
Chn (vng ) cn kng vin.
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Nhp chn thc n lnh FormatCells, chn thBorder
Hnh 96. Hp thoi Format Cells, th Border
Trong th Border, nhp chn kiu dng ng vin phn LineStyle (ng vin mnh,m, ng vin i, t qung), chn mu ng vin phn Line Color.C ba nt ng vin trong phn Presets:
None: xo b nhanh ng vin Outline: k nhanh ng vin ngoi. Inside: k nhanh ng vin trong vng.
Trong thBorder, MS-Excel cn cho php ngi dng t vng vin bng cch nhn vomt trong 8 nt (ngang, dc, cho) nm xung quanh mu . y cng l cng c cho phpxo b vin .
Hnh 97. C hai nt ng cho trng thi khng k vin
Thc hnh
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Hnh 98. Chn vng B3:D6
1. Mbng tnh mi v nhp ni dung theo hnh trn Sheet1.
2. Chn vng B3:D6.
3. S dng bng nt thao tc ng vin Border c trn thanh cng c k nhanh ngvin:
4. Nhn nt Undo a v trng thi c.
5. Nhp chn thc n lnh FormatCells, chn th Border.6. Thao tc kng vin vi cc cng cc h trgm: kng vin tri, phi, trn,di, cho ngang, cho dc, t mu ng vin, chn nt m, nht, nt t qung,...
5. Bi tp tng hp
1. To mi mt bng tnh c ni dung sau v t tn l DINH DANG.xls
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2. nh dng ct Ngy sinh nh sau: dd/mm/yyyy
3. nh dng phng ch cho ton b bng tnh l Times New Roman, cch 12
4. Ho nhp dy (B1:I1) to tiu bng biu
5. K khung cho bng tnh sao cho: ng vin ngoi l ng ki, ng k gia cc lk mnh.
6. nh dng vng (E4:I4) sao cho hng ch nghing 450.
7. nh dng dng tiu ct (dng 4) nh sau: Chm, mu ch trng. T mu cho dngtiu ct.
8. nh dng ct Hc bng hin th k hiu tin t, v d nh 180,000 VND
9. Thm ct im trung bnh bn phi ct Mn 5. nh dng ct im trung bnh sao chohin th mt ch s phn thp phn. To cng thc tnh im trung bnh ca mi hc vin.
10. Ghi lu bng tnh.
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Bi 4: Cng thc v hm
Mc tiu bi hc:
- Xy dng cc cng thc s hc cbn.- Nhn bit cc thng bo li chun khi s dng cng thc.
- a ch tham chiu tuyt i v a ch tham chiu tng i.
- Sao chp cng thc.
- S dng cc hm thng dng nh: ROUND, SUM, AVERAGE, MAX,MIN, IF, VLOOKUP, COUNTIF, SUMIF... trong cng thc.
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1. To cng thc c bn
1.1 To cng thc s hc c bnCng thc c to ra tnh ton v tr li gi tr cho bng tnh. Phi nhp k t = trckhi nhp ni dung cng thc. K t ny gip MS-Excel nhn bit v thc hin cng thc. Vd, mun tnh tng gi tr c trn E3, E4 v kt qut trn G4, chng ta nhp cng thc=E3 + E4 vo G4.
Hnh 99. Cng thc c hin th r trn thanh cng thc Formula Bar
Kt qu tnh ton s hin th ti , cn ni dung cng thc (gm c k t =) c th nhn thytrn thanh cng thc-Formula Bar.
Chng ta c th chnh sa ni dung cng thc v cui cng l nhn phm Enter cng thc
c tnh ton li v tr v gi tr cho . Php ton trong cng thc s hc
Danh sch cc php ton v cc k t khc dng trong cng thc s hc c lit k trongbng sau:
K t Din gii
+ (cng) Php cng
- (tr) Php tr
* (sao) Php nhn
/ (gch cho) Php chia
( ) (cp du ngoc n) Ton t trong du ngoc lun c tnh tontrc
^ (du m) php m. V d: 2^3 (tng ng 2*2*2)
Thanh cng thcFormula Bar
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Php so snh trong cng thc LOGIC
Cng thc logic c kt qu tr v ch l TRUE (ng) hoc FALSE (Sai). Danh sch ccphp so snh dng trong cng thc logic c lit k trong bng sau:
Ton t Din gii (V d)
= Bng (A1=B1)
> Ln hn (A1>B1)
< Nh hn (A1= Ln hn hoc bng (A1>=B1)
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lm thay i trt t tnh ton, chng ta chc dng cp du ngoc n nhm cc biuthc u tin tnh trc.
V d minh ho:
=10 + 5*2, kt quc 20.
= (10+5)*2, kt quc 30.
Cch nhp cng thc vo
Nhp p chut chn .
Trc tin nhp k t =, sau nhp ni dung cng thc.
Nhn phm Enter kt thc v thc hin tnh ton cng thc.
1.2 Nhn bit v sa li
Cng thc sai Nguyn nhn gy li Cng thc ng
=1A Nhp sai a ch =A1
=3+*4 Hai ton tng cnh nhau =3+4
=4x7 Khng dng k t X biu din cho phpnhn
= 4*7
=777.55.44 Tha du chm thp phn =77.5544
=A1+A2+ Tha du cng pha sau =A1+A2
=SUM(A:1:A7) t du hai chm sai v tr =SUM(A1:A7)
=SUM(A 1:A7) Tha du cch =SUM(A1:A7)
=SUMA1:A7) Thiu du mngoc n. =SUM(A1:A7)
Nhn din cc thng bo li
#####
Li xy ra khi chiu rng ct khng hin th kt qu tnh ton. Sa li bng cch tngchiu rng ct hoc thu nh kch thc phng ch.
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Hnh 100. Sa li #####
#VALUE!
Li xy ra do s dng d liu hoc ton t tham gia vo cng thc khng ng yu cu cacng thc, v d:
Cng thc ton hc song li tnh ton trn cha d liu kiu vn bn. Sa libng cch nhp li a ch hoc nh dng li cha d liu. Cng thc s dng d liu l a ch cha cng thc khc. Sa li bng cchthay i cng thc.
#DIV/0!
Li xy ra khi chia mt s cho 0 hoc mu s ca php tnh l mt khng c d liu. Sa libng cch nhp cng thc khc.
#NAME?
Li xy ra khi MS-Excel khng xc nh c cc k t trong cng thc, v d s dng mttn vng cha c nh ngha.
#N/A
Li xy ra do khng c d liu tnh ton
#NUM!
Li xy ra do s dng d liu khng ng kiu s. Cn nh dng li d liu tham gia vocng thc.
1.3 Bi tp
1. To bng tnh mi c ni dung nh sau, t tn l TINH TONG.xls
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2. Nhp cng thc tnh tng thu ca Qu I, Qu II.
3. Vit cng thc tnh tng thu ca Qu III, Qu IV.
4. Thu hp kch thc ct C li bng mt na rng ban u. Quan st thng bo li ####trong bng tnh. Sa li sai .
5. Nhp ni dung i l A vo C7. Quan st v nhn din thng bo li trn mn hnh.
6. Ghi lu bng tnh.
2. a ch tuyt i v a ch tng i
2.1 Gii thiu a ch tuyt i, tng i, a ch hn hp
a ch tng i v tuyt i
Cc l thnh phn csca mt bng tnh MS-Excel. c th cha cc kt qu tnh tontheo mt cng thc no vi s tham gia ca nhiu khc, chng hn cha tng s ca cc trong cng ct hay cng dng.
a ch c php c mt trong cng thc v tng c iu chnh theo thao tc saochp cng thc nn chng ta c khi nim a ch tham chiu tuyti, a ch tham chiutngi, a ch tham chiu hn hp.
- a ch tham chiu tuyt i: chn mt hay cc c th.
- a ch tham chiu tng i: chn mt hay cc trong s so snh vi mt v tr no.
- a ch tham chiu hn hp: c mt thnh phn l tuyt i, phn cn li l tng i.
a ch tham chiu tng i
a ch tham chiu tng i gi tt l a ch tng i c trong cng thc s thay i theov tr khi chng ta thc hin sao chp cng thc t mt n cc khc.
V d: Cng thc chng ta nhp cng thc trong C1 l = (A1 + B1)/2.
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Khi sao chp cng thc ny n C2 th n tng thay i a ch trthnh cng thc l=(A2 + B2)/2. Khi sao chp cng thc ny n C3 th n s tng trthnh cng thc l=(A3 + B3)/2..
Hnh 101. Sao chp cng thc t C1 n C2 v C3
a ch tham chiu tuyt i
a ch tham chiu tuyt i gi tt l a ch tuyt i. Du $ thm vo trc ch ci ch cthoc trc s th t dng khi vit a ch tuyt i trong cng thc. Lc ny, a ch ghitrong cng thc s cnh khng thay i theo thao tc sao chp cng thc gia cc .
V d: Nu c cng thc F4=$C$4+$D$4/5 th khi sao chp sang F2 n vn l=$C$4+$D$4/5 , khi sao chp sang E3 n vn l =$C$4+$D$4/5 ..
a ch tham chiu hn hp
V d trong D1 chng ta nhp cng thc =($A1+B$1)/2.
Khi sao chp sang D2 cng thc s l =($A2+B$1)/2, y $A1 i thnh $A2.
Hnh 102. Sao chp cng thc c a ch tham chiu hn hp
Thc hin sao chp cng thc
Nhp chn D1 cha cng thc. t con tr chut vo gc di, bn phi ca . Biu tng chut si thnh hnh ch
thp mu en, nt n.
Hnh 103. Con tr chut c dng chthp nt n, mu en
Ko di chut theo dng (hoc theo ct) i qua vng cn sao chp.
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2.2 Bi tp
1. Mmt bng tnh mi.2. Trn Sheet1, to bng gi du ho theo hnh di y:
Hnh 104. Nhp cng thc tnh cho C5 vi a ch tuyt i B2
3. Sao chp cng thc C5 n cc C6, C7,...
Hnh 105. Sao chp cng thc nhanh chng tnh ton trn cc khc
3. Trn Sheet2, to bng nhn theo hnh di y:
Hnh 106. Nhp cng thc u tin ti C3, sdng a ch hn hp
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4. Sao chp cng thc C3 n vng D3:J3
5. Sao chp cng thc vng C3:J3 n vng C4:J10.
6. Kim tra kt qu theo hnh di y:
Hnh 107. Cng thc $B3*C$2 c thay i ph hp khi sao chp cng thc ny n cc khc ca bng nhn
3. Thao tc vi cc hm
3.1 Gii thiu v hm
Hm c th tham gia nh mt php ton trong cng thc. Hm s tr v mt gi tr (kiu s,
kiu ngy thng, kiu xu k t ...) hay mt thng bo li.
Dng thc chung ca hm nh sau:
(i s 1, i s 2,..., i s n)
Hnh 108. Hm tnh trung bnh cng
Danh sch i s:
Phn ln cc hm trong MS-Excel u c mt hoc nhiu i s. i s c th l mt gi trkiu s, mt xu k t , a ch hay vng , tn vng, cng thc, hay nhng hm khc.
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V d: Hnh di minh ho mt cng thc c s dng hm. D8 cha gi tr trung bnhcng ca cc t D2 n D7. Hm AVERAGE s tnh trung bnh gi tr cc trong danhsch i s.
Hnh 109. Cc bc nhp tham svo hm AVERAGE
Cc bc nhp mt hm: Khi con tr nhp vn bn ang ti v tr cn nhp hm th nhn nt biu tng hm fx.
Hnh 110. Hp thoi Insert Function - Nhp mt hm
Trong hp thoi Paste Function, chn nhm hm cn thc hin trn khung Function Category chn tn hm cn thc hin trn khung Function Name, nhn nt OK Mt hp thoi s hin th hng dn nhp cc i s tu thuc vo chc nngca hm. Nhp cc i s cn thit, nhn nt OK kt thc.
Nu bit chnh xc tn hm v cch in cc tham s chng ta c th g trc tip trn thanhcng thc.
Tnh tng nhanh
MS-Excel c kh nng tnh tng dy gi tr s v cho ngay kt qu trn thanh trng thi.
Cc bc thc hin:
Chn vng d liu gm cc kiu s.
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c kt qu trn thanh trng thi ca s, hin th theo dng Sum=.
3.2 Cc hm thng dng
Hm ROUND:
Lm trn mt sn mt s thp phn nht nh.
Dng thc: ROUND(i s 1, i s 2)
i s 1 l s mun lm trn; i s 2 l s thp phn mun lm trn.
V d: =ROUND(2.75,1) - kt qu l 2.8.
Hm MAX, MIN:
Cho gi tr cao nht v thp nht trong danh sch i s.
Dng thc: =MAX(i s 1, i s 2,... i s n).
Dng thc: =MIN(i s 1, i s 2,... i s n).
V d: =MIN (G4:G13) - cho gi tr thp nht trong danh sch i s.
Hm AVERAGE:
Tnh trung bnh cng cc gi tr ca danh sch i s.
Dng thc:AVERAGE(i s 1, i s 2,... i s n).
i s c th l gi tr s, a ch , vng ..
V d: =AVERAGE(A1,B5:B12) - tnh trung bnh cng cc trong phm vi t B5 n B12v A1.
Hm COUNT
m nhng cha d liu s trong vng.
Dng thc: COUNT(i s 1, i s 2,... i s n).
V d: =COUNT(F4:F6) - m nhng d liu s, cc kiu khc khng c m.
Hm COUNTA
m nhng cha d liu trong vng.
Dng thc: COUNTA(i s 1, i s 2,... i s n).
V d: =COUNTA(F4:F6) - m nhng d liu cng kiu t F4 n F16.
Hm SUM:
Tnh tng cc gi tr ca danh sch i s.
Dng thc: SUM(i s 1, i s 2,... i s n).
i s c th l gi tr s, a ch , vng ..
V d: =SUM(B1:B5) - tnh tng s trong phm vi t B1 n B5.
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Hm IF:
Nu biu thc iu kin ng th hm nhn gi tr khi ng, nu khng s nhn gi tr khi sai.
Dng thc: = IF(Biu thc iu kin, gi tr nu ng, gi tr nu sai).
Biu thc iu kin l biu thc logic bt k, nhn gi trng hoc sai.Thc hnh
Chng ta qui nh v xp loi nh sau:
- nu im thi 3 mn ln hn 15.0 th xp loi , nu khng th xp loi Trt
Theo hnh di, trong M12 chng ta nhp cng thc =IF(L12>15,"","Trt")
Hnh 111. V d v sdng hm IF
Hm VLOOKUP:
Dng thc ca hm:
VLOOKUP(gi tr tm kim, vng bngi chiu, ct tr kt qu, sp xp vngi chiu)
Thc hnh
1. Mbng tnh mi v nhp vo Sheet1 bng gm cc mc Stt, H v tn, Nm sinh, Chcv, H s lng, Lng cn b, Ph cp chc v, t l sn phm hon thnh (SPHT).
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2. Bng i chiu c nhp trn cng trang bng tnh trong vng F20:G25 gm ct chcv v ct ph cp
3. Thc hin in ph cp vo bng lng chnh mt cch tng ti H6 theo cng thc =VLOOKUP(E6,$F$20:$G$25,2,0).
Gii thch cng thc VLOOKUP(E6,$F$20:$G$25,2,0) nh sau:
- Gi tr tm kim l gi tr c ti E6.
- Vng bng i chiu l $F$20:$G$25, vi a ch tuyt i.
- Ct tr li kt qu l ct th 2 trong bng i chiu-ct Ph cp.
- Cui cng s khng cho bit khng cn sp xp ct u tin trong bng i chiu theo trt tgi tr tng dn.
4. Cui cng l sao chp cng thc ti H6 n cc di.
Hm SUMIF:
Tnh tng theo iu kin n gin.
Dng thc: =SUMIF(vngc lng, iu kin, vng tnh ton).
Vng c lng: l mt vng .
iu kin: c th l hng s, a ch ca mt , hay dng thc ">160000"
Vng tnh ton: cc tht s cn tnh ton. Nu b qua tham s ny th vng clng c ly lm vng tnh ton.
V d: tnh ton doanh thu bn hng mi ngy, chng ta cn to cng thc=SUMIF($O$16:$O$22,O16,$Q$16:$Q$22) cho bng tnh minh ho.
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Hnh 112. To cng thc dng hm SUMIF tnh doanh thu bn hng mi ngy
Hm COUNTIF
m theo iu kin n gin.
Dng thc: =COUNTIF(vngc lng,iu kin).
Vng c lng: l mt vng .
iu kin: c th l hng s, ta ca mt , hay dng thc ">160000"
V d minh ha:
4. Bi tp tng hp
1. To mi mt bng tnh, ghi lu t tn l QUANLY.XLS.
2. Nhp ni dung vo Sheet1 theo hnh di y:
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3. in xp loi vo cc E5:E12 theo qui nh sau:
Nu im thi di 7.0, xp loi Khng t.
Nu im thi t 7.0 n di 8.5, xp loi Kh.
Nu im thi t 8.5 n di 9.5, xp loi Gii.
Nu im thi t 9.5 trln th xp loi Xut sc.
Yu cu: dng hm VLOOKUPtnh ton kt qu xp loi. Bngi chiu dng cho hmVLOOKUP phi c t trn Sheet2.
4. in vo cc G5:G12 mt trong hai gi tr C hoc Khng theo iu kin sau:
Nu hc vin c im thi t 7.0 tr ln v s bui tham gia trn 5 bui th in C vo thuc ct Quyt nh cp, nu khng th in Khng vo .
5. Dng cc hm sn c ca MS-Excel tnh ton v in kt qu vo cc E13, E14, E15.
6. Ghi lu bng tnh.
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Bi 5: Biu , th
Mc tiu bi hc :
- To cc kiu biu , th khc nhau.- Bin tp, sa i biu , th: kiu cch, mu nn, mu t; thay i
nhn, thang chia.
- Di chuyn, sao chp th.
- Co dn, thay i kch thc th.
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1. S dng biu , th
Tng v biu l mt chc nng c a thch nht ca bng tnh MS-Excel.Cc biu, th l nhng hnh nh minh ho rt trc quan, y tnh thuyt phc. Ngi xem rt rangay c nhng kt lun cn thit t cc biu , th m khng cn gii thch di dng.
Chng ta d dng to ra nhiu kiu biu , th khc nhau da vo nhng s liu trn bngtnh hin hnh. MS-Excel cn cho php thay i cch trnh by, iu chnh ng trc,ng biu din, thm ghi ch ...
2. To cc kiu biu , th khc nhau.
Mbng tnh mi v nhp d liu Sheet1 theo hnh di y:
Hnh 113. Sliu thng k v biu
Cc bc thc hin to biu nh sau:
Chn vng d liu B4:E7. Nhp chn thc n lnh Insert, chn Chart lm xut hin hp thoi Chart Wizard,
hoc nhn nt c trn thanh cng c lm xut hin hp thoi Chart Wizard.
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Hnh 114. Bc 1 l chn kiu biu hay th
C rt nhiu kiu biu ph hp cho mi mc ch biu din s liu. Sau y ch gii thiumt vi kiu thng dng nht:
Column Biu hnh ct ng.
Bar Biu ct ngang.
Line Biu gp khc vi cc im nh du ti mi gi tr d liu.
Pie Biu dng qut trn. Biu din s liu dng phn trm.
XY Biu phn tn XY. So snh gi tr d liu tng i mt.
Rada Biu mng nhn c cc im nh du ti mi gi tr d liu.
Surface Biu 3-chiu.
Chn biu ct ng v nhn nt Next chuyn sang bc hai.
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Hnh 115. Bc 2 xc nh vng dliu
Vng d liu v biu , th l vng ang c chn trc khi thc hin bc 1. Nuc sai lch, chng ta hon ton c th chnh sa bng cch in trc tip a ch vng vo Data Range:
Nhn nt Next chuyn sang bc ba.
Hnh 116. Thm tiu chung, tiu trc ngang, tiu trc dc
Nhn nt Next chuyn sang bc th t. Chn ni t biu
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Hnh 117. Chn ni t biu
Chn Sheet2 trong As object Int biu kt qu.
Nhn nt Finish kt thc.
Hnh 118. Biu biu din Thu mua lng thc
3. Bin tp, sa i biu , th.
3.1 Thm tiu , ch thch ngha cc trc th
Nhp chn th. Nhp chn thc n lnh ChartChartOption. Trong hp thoi Chart Option, chn thTittle. Sau chnh sa cc tiu Nhn nt OK kt thc.
Xa b tiu , ch thch
Nhp chn th. Nhp p chut vo vng tiu hay ch thch, sau nhn phm Delete xo b.
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hin th hoc khng hin th cc ng k li
Chn th va to
Mbng chn Chart, nhn chn Chart Option. Chn thGridline.C 2 loi ng k li: Major Gridline l cc ng
biu din gi tr chnh, Minor Gridline l cc ng phbiu din cc chia nh hn. C trc X v Y u c thuc tnh ny. Nu mun hin thng k li no th nh du chn vo bn tri ng k.
hin th d liu km th
Trong nhng trng hp ngi dng mun d liu csphi ikm cng biu th thc hin thao tc sau:
Chn biu va to Mbng chn Chart, nhn chn lnh Chart Option.
Chn thDataTable. nh du chn vo Show data table.
3.2 Thay i dng biu
Nhn chn biu , thanh cng cChart s tng c hin th trn ca s chngtrnh
Nhn nt ChartType mdanh sch dng biu .
Nhp chut vo dng biu mun p dng
3.3 Co dn v xo biu
Co dn kch thc biu
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Nhn chn biu . Mt khung hnh ch nht vi cc mc nh vi tng s bao quanhbiu . Nu mun thay i kch thc ca tng thnh phn con trong biu (tiu ,ct biu din d liu,) th nhp chut vo thnh phn
Co dn kch thc bng cch nhn v ko th chut ti cc mc nh vbin hoc gc biu
, thnh phn con.
Hnh 119. Co dn kch thc ca phn ch gii
Xo biu
Nhn chn th mun xo
Nhn phm Delete hoc mbng chn Edit, chn lnh Clear / All
3.4 Di chuyn, sao chp biu
Biu l mt i tng ring bit trong trang bng tnh. Sau khi to ra chng ta c th di
chuyn, co gin kch thc v sao chp nh mt i tng hnh nh Nhn chn biu mun sao chp
o sao chp: Mbng chn Edit, chn lnh Copy (hoc nhp chut phi vo biu, chn lnh Copy).
o di chuyn: Mbng chn Edit, chn lnh Cut (hoc nhp chut phi vo biu, chn lnh Cut).
Nhn chn trang bng tnh khc. Nu mun sao chp biu sang bng tnh khc th mbng tnh ri chn trang s cha biu .
Nhn nt Paste trn thanh cng c
Chng ta c th di chuyn nhanh biu n v tr khc trong trang bng tnh bng cch nhpchut trc tip vo biu , ko v thn v tr mi.
3.5 Thay i mu nn biu , th
Biu gm nhiu thnh phn khc nhau: tiu , vng ch thch, vng d liu, cc i tngct ng, ct ngang, Mi thnh phn u c thnh dng li mu nn ring bit. Cn ch khi thay i mu nn, trnh cc i tng cn biu din b chm mu so vi cc itng khc.
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Nhn chn thnh phn cn thay i mu nn ca biu Thanh cng c Chart s tng c hin th trn ca s chng trnh
Nhn nt Format . Tu theo i tng c chn m MS-Excel s hin th hp nhdng thch hp. V d sau thay i mu nn ca c biu .
Chn mu trong bng mu Area . Nu mun p dng cc hiu ng mu c bit hn thnhn vo nt Fill Effectsri chn mt trong cc mu mu thch hp Gradient,Textute, Pattern, Picture.
Nhn OK kt thc
3.6 Thay i mu trong biu
Nhn chn biu Nhp p chut vo ct ng, ct ngang, qut trn (tu loi biu )
Chn thPatterns, sau chn mu thch hp. Nu mun thay i ng vin th nhnvo hp Color (trong vng Border) i mu, nhn vo Stylei kiu, nhn voWeight thay i dy mng.
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4. Bi tp tng hp
1. To mi mt bng tnh c ni dung sau, t tn l BIEU DO.xls
2. To biu hnh ct (Column) biu din s liu trong bng Tng thu. Biu mito ra c t ngay trong trang bng tnh cha dliu.
3. Sao chp biu va to sang trang bng tnh Sheet2
4. Ti Sheet2, thay i dng biu sang dng Cones (nm trong thCustom Type) nhhnh sau:
5. Quay trli biu hnh ct ban u, thm cc trng thng tin sau vo biu :
+ Tiu biu : Tng thu theo i l
+ Ch thch nghtrc X: Qu
+ Ch thch nghtrc Y: Doanh s (USD)
+ Cho php hin th cc ng biu din gi tr chnh theo trc Y.
6. Thc hin thao tc hin thbng ch thch (Legend) v nh dng sao cho ch thch nm
pha di tiu biu .7. Thc hin thao tc hin thbng dliu (Data Table) i km cng biu . Quan st ccthay i trn biu .
8. Thay i mu nn biu v mu ca ct d liu.
9. Ghi lu bng tnh.
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Bi 6: Hon thin trang bng tnh v in n
Mc tiu bi hc:
- Chnh sa cch bi tr trang bng tnh: thay i l, hng trang in, kchthc trang
- Chnh sa bi tr va vo mt trang in, mt s trang in nh trc
- Thm ch gii u trang v Chn trang cho trang bng tnh
- Kim tra ti liu trc khi kt thc: s dng cng c kim tra chnh t, xemli ti liu trc khi in.
- Thit lp ch in li dng tiu khi sang trang mi
- Thit lp cc la chn in n: in mt bng tnh, mt trang bng tnh; in ring
vng chn; in ring biu , th.
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1. Bi tr trang in
D liu trn mi trang bng tnh c MS-Excel sp t li trn mt hoc nhiu trang in. iu chnh trang in, chng ta nhp chn thc n File Page Setup lm xut hin hp thoiPage Setup.
1.1 Thay i l ca trang in
Mt trang in c cc l sau:
L trn
Vngu trang
L tri
NI DUNG TRANG BNG TNH
Lphi
Vng chn trang
L di
thay i rng cc l trn, nhn chn thMargin trong hp thoi PageSetup.
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Hnh 120. Th Margin - thit t l cho trang bng tnh
Trong th Margin c cc hp chn sau:
Top / Bottom / Left / Right: thit lp khong cch l trn / di / tri / phi ca trang in.Thng thng, n vo l inches. C th nhp gi tr trc tip vo hoc s dng mi tnln xung tng gim khong cch
Header: Thit lp khong cch dnh cho vng u trang.
Footer: Thit lp khong cch dnh cho vng chn trang.
Phn Center on Page: Cn chnh d liu vo gia theo 2 chiu
Horizontally: Chiu ngang trang in.
Veritically: Chiu dc trang in.
C th nhn nt Print Preview xem cc thit t trn c p dng vo ti liu nh th no.Nhn nt Print nu mun in ngay, nt Options nu mun thay i thng s ca my in.
1.2 Thay i trang in
Nhn chn thPage trong hp thoi Page Setup. Thit t cc thng s sau:
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Hnh 121. Th Page thay i hng trang in v kh giy
Mc Orientation:Cho php thay i hng trang in.
Portrait: In theo chiu di ca trang giy. Landscape: In theo chiu ngang ca trang giy.
Mc Scaling:Cho php thay i t l, kch thc ni dung trang in.
Adjust to: C th phng to hoc thu nh ni dung theo t l phn trm so vi kchthc chun 100% ban u.
Mc Papersize:Cho php chn kh giy (A3, A4, Letter,)Mc PrintQuality:
1.3 Chnh sa in va trong s trang nh trc Thu nh ni dung in trong mt trang
Nhn chn thPage.
Trong hp chn Fit to, g s 1 v xo b gi tr trong bn phi. Khi , tt c d liutrong mt trang bng tnh, d nhiu hay t, u c sp xp ch in vo mt trang giy.
Hnh 122. t Fit to bng 1 in ni dung
Thu nh ni dung in trong mt s trang
Nhn chn thPage.
Trong hp chn Fit to, g s trang v xo b gi tr trong bn phi. Khi , tt c dliu trong trang bng tnh sc sp xp vo trong s trang in nhp.
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Hnh 123. t Fit t o bng strang nh trc l 5
1.4 Thm u trang v chn trang
Nhn chn thHeader / Footer.
Hnh 124. Th Header / Footer cho php nhp ni dung cho u trang v chn trang
Nhp chut vo mi tn tr xung ca Header hoc Footer mdanh sch cc kiutiu v chn trang do MS-Excel cung cp sn.
Chn tiu hoc chn trang s xut hin trong trang in
Nhn nt OK kt thc v ng hp thoi.
1.5 Chn cc trng vo u trang v Chn trang
Trong hp thoi Page Setup, nhn chn th Header / Footer.
Nhn nt Custom Header hoc CustomFooter thm mt s thng tin vo u trang /Chn trang.
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Hnh 125. C 3 phn nhp thng tin
Trong hp thoi Header, c 3 phn: D liu nhp vo Left Section sc cn tri, Center section c cn gia, Right section c cn phi. Cc bc nhp d liu nh sau:
Nhp chut vo mt trong 3 Leftsection, Centersection, Rightsection sau nhp thng tin hoc nhn vo mt trong cc nt di y:
: Chn phng ch
: Thm s th t trang
: Thm s ch tng s trang
: Thm ngy thng hin ti (ch , y l ngy thng ti thi im thm thng tin, chkhng phi ngy thng to bng tnh hoc ngy thng khi in ra)
: Thm gihin ti
: Thm tn tp bng tnh
: Thm tn trang bng tnh.
V d: to mt Tiu trang cha cc thng tin sau:
Bang luong thang 6 Trang 2 / 12 12/10/2002
Cc bc thc hin nh sau:
Mhp thoi Header
Nhp chut vo Left Section, nhn nt , chn phng chItalic ri nhn tip vo nt
thm tn trang bng tnh
Nhp chut vo Center Section, nhn nt , chn phng chBold, g t Trang
sau nhn nt , g k t / ri li nhn nt c c thng tin y l trangbao nhiu trong tng s trang ti liu
Nhp chut vo Right Section, nhn nt .
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Hnh 126. Hp thoi Header sau khi thc hin cc thao tc trn
Nhn OK thot khi hp thoi Header. Kim tra kt qu thu c theo hnh di:
2. Hon tt cc trang in
2.1 Xem ti liu trc khi in
Khi lm vic trang in chng ta c th phng to, thu nh t l hin th trang in, iu chnh kchthc cc li vi trang in, thay i rng ca cc ct.
Cc bc thc hin:
Nhp chn thc n lnh File/Print Preview.Cc nt cng c xem trc trang in:
Next Hin th nhng trang k tip nu c Previous Hin th trang in trc nu c Zoom Phng to thu nh, t l mn hnh trang in Print Thc hin lnh in, chuyn vo hp thoi Print Setup Chuyn vo hp thoi Page setup Margins iu chnh cc l v rng ca ct PageBreakPreview: ng ca s trang in v trv mn hnh bng tnh. Lc ny
bng tnh xut hin cc ng kt nt mu xanh. y l du hiu chia trang ti vtr xut hin ng k.
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Close ng ca s trang in v trv mn hnh bng tnh. Help Xem gip cc nt lnh trong mn hnh v trang in.
iu chnh nhanh cc l trang in
Nhn nt Margins hin th cc ng bin ca l v bin u trang / Chn trang.
Nhn vo ng bin ca l, con chut chuyn hnh dng thnh hoc tu vo ltri phi hay l trn di. Ko v th ln v tr mi xem trang in c bi tr li nhth no.
2.2 Bt, tt vic in ra li cc ng k , tiu ct, tiu dng.
Nhn chn thSheet
Hnh 127. Th Sheet nhm cc thao tc iu chnh trang in
Mc PrintArea:Cho php la chn vng d liu cn in trn trang bng tnh hin thi. Ngi dng c th g
trc tip a ch vng vo hp Print Area hoc nhn vo k hiu mi tn bn phi quay trv trang bng tnh, dng chut nh du chn vng cn in.Mc PrintTitles:Cho php nhp a ch cc dng hoc ct vi mc ch
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Rows to repeat at top: Chnh dng d liu dng lm dng u tin cho mitrang in ra. Columns to repeat at left: Chnh ct d liu dng lm ct u tin cho mi trangin ra.
Mc Print Row and Column Heading: Bt / tt ch in c tiu ct ( A, B, C) v sth t dng (1, 2, 3) Comment: Bt / tt vic in ch thch Cells error as: Bt tt vic in ra cc cha thng bo li. Gridlines: Bt/tt cc ng k phn cch trong trang in Black & White: Bt/tt ch in en/ trng (khng in cc mu nn)
Mc PageOrderCho php in bng tnh theo trnh t:
Down, then over: T trn xung di v qua phi Over, then down: T tri sang phi v xung di
Nhn nt OK kt thc.
2.3 Thit lp ch in li dng tiu khi sang trang mi
Nhn chn thSheet.
Trong phn Print Titles, tu theo mc ch m nhp a ch vo mt trong hai sau:
Rows to repeat at top: Chnh dng (cc dng) d liu dng lm dng u tincho mi trang in ra Columns to repeat at left: Chnh ct (cc ct) d liu dng lm ct u tin chomi trang in ra
C th g trc tip a ch vng vo tng ng hoc nhn vo k hiu quay trvtrang bng tnh, dng chut nh du chn vng cn in. Xem v d minh ho:
Hnh 128. G a ch trc tip vo
Hnh 129. Dng chut nhn chn ct B lm ct u tin cho mi trang in
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3. In n
3.1 t cc la chn in n
Nhp chn thc n lnh FilePrint hoc bm t hp phm Ctrl+P, lm xut hin hpthoi.
Hnh 130. Hp thoi Print nhm thao tc qun l vic in n
Chn my in
Mt my tnh c th kt ni n nhiu my in, c bit l vi cc my tnh ni mng Intranet
(my in laze en trng, my in mu, my in phun,). Tu theo tng mc ch s dng ti lium chng ta chn my in ph hp.
Danh sch cc my in c ci t nm trong phn Name (nhp chut vo mi tn trxung bn phi mdanh sch). Nhn chn tn my. Nhn nt Properties thit t ccthng s cho my in, v d khay ly giy, cht lng im in trn mt inch,
In ton b bng tnh
Mt bng tnh gm nhiu trang bng tnh, mi trang bng tnh li cha d liu c lp vinhau, v vy cn thn trng khi thc hin thao tc ny, trnh lng ph giy.
Trong phn PrintWhat, nhn chn vo Entireworkbook.
Nhn nt Preview xem li cc trang sp in.
In ton b trang bng tnh hin hnh
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Nu tin hnh in trang bng tnh khc vi trang ang lm vic th phi nhn chn trang cn intrc khi mhp thoi Print.
Trong phn PrintWhat, nhn chn vo Active sheet(s).
Trong phn PrintRange, nhn chn vo All.
Nhn nt Preview xem li cc trang sp in.
In mt vng nh trc
in mt phn trang bng tnh hin hnh (v d mt dy ct, vng ), cn chn vng nhin (s dng phm Shift v Ctrl h trthao tc chn) trc khi mhp thoi Print.
Trong phn Print What, nhn chn vo Selection
.
Nhn nt Preview xem li cc trang sp in.
In mt phn trang bng tnh
Chng ta c th chn in ra giy ch mt vi tnht nh, v d: in t tth 3 n tth 7.
Trong phn Print Range, nhn chn vo Page(s).
G s th t tu tin trong danh sch vo From, s th t tcui cng trongdanh sch vo To Trng hp ch mun in ra giy mt tduy nht, g s th t t vo c hai From v To
Hnh 131. Thit lp in tt th3 n t th7
Nhn nt Preview xem li cc trang sp in.
In ring biu / th
Nhp chut vo biu cn in trc khi mhp thoi Print. MS-Excel s tng chnmc SelectedChart trong mc PrintWhat
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Nhn OK.
Trng hp mun in biu km d liu, chng ta cn nh dng li biu (xem thm trongmc Biu / th)
In bng tnh ra nhiu bn
Chng ta c tht s bn in s in ra giy trong phn Copies Numberofcopies, cch in ral tun t ht bn in ny n bn khc (nhn chn Collage) hay in song song cc trang gingnhau.
Hnh 132. Ch in 3 bn - tun t
4. Bi tp tng hp
1. Mbng tnh CONG THUC VA HAM.xls to trong Bi 3. Cng thc v hm2. Thay i l ca trang bng tnh Sheet1 nh sau:
+ L tri : 3 cm; + L phi: 2 cm; + L trn: 2.5 cm + L di: 2.5 cm
3. Thit lp vic cn chnh d liu vo gia trang in theo chiu dc.
4. t kh giy in A4
5. Thm tiu chn trang v u trang cho Sheet1 theo yu cu sau: trong tiu u trang(Header) phi hin th tn bng tnh v cn phi; trong tiu chn trang (Footer) phi hinth s th t trang v cn gia.
6. Quan st ti liu trc khi in bng cng c Print Preview.7. Thit lp ch in li mt s dng tiu khi sang trang mi. Quan st xem ti liu thayi nh th no bng cng c Print Preview.
8. Thit lp ch in c dng tiu ct v s th t dng. Quan st xem ti liu thay inh th no bng cng c Print Preview.
9. Thc hin vic in ton b bng tnh; in trang bng tnh hin hnh; ch in mt vng cnh du chn. So snh cc kt qu khi in ra.
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10. Thc hin vic in trang bng tnh Sheet1 thnh 3 bn.
