M.sc Course Content

8/12/2019 M.sc Course Content

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List of M.Sc Approved Course (Semester System)

1st Semester

Geological Processes

Cr-Hr. 2+1

Env.Sci-511

Objects: To introduce students to the components of natural Environment with an earth

science perspective including processes composition distri!ution and natural c"cles ofthe atmosphere h"drosphere and !iosphere. #dentif" ma$or glo!al regional and local

scale issues arising from interaction with the manmade environment.

1. %escription of Environment rationale a!out concerns fundamental principlessustaina!le development natural&manmade components.

2. The Lithosphere:

a. 'inerals( Silicate ) *on-silicate alteration processes

!. oc,s( #gneous 'etamorphic Sedimentar" roc, c"clec. Soil( ormation Composition rofile Classification

d. /eomorphic rocesses( 0eathering Erosion ivers /laciers 0ind

e. /eological Haards( Earthua,es 3olcanism floods 4and slidingf. 4ife and its affects in the lithosphere

3. The Hydrosphere:

a. H"drologic C"cle( %efinition mechanism of transfer !. ivers&Stream( T"pes discharge&runoff erosion&transportation&deposition

suspended dissolves and !ed load water availa!ilit" ualit"

c. /round 0ater( /round water ones water ta!le auifers natural springsrecharge&discharge effects of geolog" on water ualit".

d. ceans( 0ater composition Circulation6 waves currents and tides.

e. Estuaries and coastal processes

f. 4ife and its affects in the h"drosphere.

4. The atmosphere:

a.7tmosphere( Composition Heat !udge Structure Circulation 0ind s"stems air

masses fronts ) depressions evaporation ) condensation humidit" fog )clouds thunder storms6 tornadoes ) hurricanes

!. 0eather ) Climate( Climatic controls classification tropical temperate polar

local influences climatic varia!ilit" ) trends.5. Environmental #ssues(

a. /lo!al Scale( one la"er depletion /reen house effect and glo!al warming

7cid rain. !. egional Scale( %rought desertification atmospheric tur!idit"c. 4ocal Scale( 7ir water and soil. ollution solid and liuid waste disposal

geolog" and health health and Environment opulation growth 8r!aniation

deforestation water logging and salinit" noise.

Field work:



The students will !e e9posed to different t"pes of roc,s their formation natural

processes degraded ecos"stems and other local Environmental #ssues. 7 field reportwill !e reuired of the students for evaluation.

e!ere"ces

1. 'ontgomer" C.0. 1::;. Environmental /eolog" <th edition 'c/raw Hill=oo, Co. 1;< p.

2. Tiller" =.0. 1::<. h"Scial Sciences >rd edition 0m. C. =rown u!lisher%u!uue #7 8S7? <<2 p.

>. 0allen .*. 1::2. #ntroduction to h"Scial /eograph" 0m. C. =rown

u!lisher %u!uue #7 5@< p.

@. Aemp %.%. 1::@ /lo!al Environmental #ssues 7 Climatologicall" 7pproach

2nd edition utledge 4ondon&*ew Bor, 22@ p.5. =eer T. 1:>. Environmental ceanograph" 7n #ntroduction to the =ehavior of

Coastal 0aters. ergamon ress S"dne" 2<2 p.

<. =arr" . g. ) Chorle" .D. 1:5 7tmosphere 0eather ) Climate @th edition.'ethuen ) Co. 4td. 4ondon&*ew Bor, @; p.

;. 0ells *. 1:<. The 7tmosphere 7 h"Scial #ntroduction Ta"lor ) rancis

4ondon&hiladelphia >@;.. Dones 7.'. 1::;. Environmental =iolog" utledge #ntroduction to

Environment utledge 4ondon.

:. Huggett .D. 1:: undamentals of =iogeograph" utledge 4ondon.1. Aim!all D.0. 1::@. =iolog" 0m. C. =rown u!lishers %u!uue #78S7.



ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRYF7uatic and 7tmosphericG

Cr.Hr. 2+1Env.Sci-512

Objecti#es: To ena!le students to identif" important pollutants in the environment thecharacteristic and to9ic effect of these pollutants on human !eings and other living

organisms and to empower them to understand anal"tical techniues for the

determination of these pollutants in la!oratories.

1. ollution definition nature and t"pes !iological chemical and radioactive

contaminants.

2. rigin and transmission of pollutants air water and noise pollution6 mechanismand medium for their diffusion and industrial effluents.

>. #oniing and non-ioniing radiation their !iological effects components of

Environmental radiations.

@. 7 general stud" of selected Environmental pollutants 7rsenic Cadmium 4ead'ercur" other 'ineral contaminarts 7s!estos Car!on 'ono9ide one and

photochemical o9idants o9itdes of *itrogen luorides *itrates ) *itrites.5. *ature and e9tent of pollution in a,istan #ndustrial and Traffic pollution and

contamination through %omestic Sewage and 0aste.

$%&T'&%L'onitoring of chemical pollution

1. Sampling techniues for chemical 7nal"sis of 7ir and water.

2. %etection of organic and #norganic pollutants in water and air >. #nstrumentation for detection of pollutants and to9ic materials.

aG Spectrophotometr"

!G lame photometr"cG aper chromatograph"

ield visit to industrial sites to stud" industrial and municipal effluent.

e!ere"ce

1.%e 7.A. 1::>. Environmental Chemistr" >rd edition 0ilse" eastern limited *ew

age international limited *ew %elhi.

2. T"agi %.%. and 'ehra '. 1::. 7 te9t!oo, of Environmental SciencesChemistr" 7nmol pu!lication new %elhi.

>. Hodges 4. 1::>. Environmental pollution6 7 surve" emphasiing ph"Scial and

chemical principles Holt inehart and 0inston inc.

@. 'anahan S.E. 1::@ Environmental Chemistr" si9th edition 4ewis pu!lisherTo,"o.



$ri"ciples (colo)y*%+,atic a"d Terrestrial-

Cr.Hr-2+1

Env.Sci-51>

1. '"trod,ctio"

%efinition and classification and applications of applied ecolog".

2. Habitats a"d iomes

%efinition and concept of ha!itat ecological niche classification Fterrestrialfresh water marine and estuaries ha!itatG =iomes Frain forest deciduous

forest desert savanna and tundraG with special reference to a,istan.

3egetation t"pe of a,istan FTropical Su!- Tropical Temperate Su!-alpine

and 7lpine.G

>. &omm,"ity a"d H,ma" e"#iro"me"t

The !iotic communit" concept intra communit" classification ecologicaldominance species diversit" and ecotone.

4. (colo)ical S,ccessio"

Strateg" of ecos"stem development clima9 and evolution of ecos"stem.

H"drosere and erosere with local e9amples.

/. $op,latio" (colo)y

opulation its distri!ution natalit" mortalit" ) growth rate population

fluctuation dispersal population age structure and human population in

a,istan

<. H,ma" a"d ("#iro"me"t

Evolution of Homosepians stages of development impacts of various stageson environment ph"Sciochemical environment and the human health.

;. $hysiolo)ical cha")es a"d e"#iro"me"tal i"!l,e"ce 'alnutrition and congenital malformation chromosomal a!erration and

cancer

. ("#iro"me"tal stress a"d sociolo)ical disorders Social environment of the Human F3iolence Crimes mental disorders drug

addiction and corruptionG. Communica!le and non-communica!le diseases.Current status of communit" health in a,istan and *ational Health olic"and its limitations.

0. %ssi)"me"ts to st,de"ts a"d Field work.



$racticalo"itori") o! iolo)ical $oll,tio"

1. *ature and t"pes of =iological Contaminants

• =acteria

• rotooa

• Helminthes

• ungi

• 7lgae

• 7uatic plants

• 7uatic Crustaceans etc their identification and life stages stud".

2. %etermination of =iological 9"gen demand F=%G for wastewater samples.>. E9amination of !lood.@. E9amination of Coliform =acteria in the samples of wastewater.

ooks ecomme"ded:

1. dum E. . F1:;1G. Iundamental of Ecolog"J. 0.=. Saudnders ) Co.

hiladelphia.2. Hussain . F1::G. Iield and 4a!orator" 'anual for lant Ecolog"J 8niversit"

/rants Commission ress #slama!ad.

>. Hussain . ) #llahi #. F1::1G. IEcolog" and 3egetation of 4esser Himala"as

Fa,istanGJ. Dadoon eshawar.@. 'ali, T. 7. F2@G. Ilant h"siolog" and Ecolog"J Te9t!oo, of =otan". The

Caravan press %ar!ar 'ar,et 4ahore.

5. amalingam S. T. et al F1::G. I'odern =iolog"J. 7frican a. E pu!lishers4imited in association with E #nternational rivate 4imited

<. Striling .%. F1::<G I Ecolog"6 Theories and 7pplicationsJ 2nd edition rentice

Hall 8pper Saddle iver *ew Derse" ;@55 4ondon 8A.;. =ush '.= F1::;G I Ecolog" of a Changing lanetJ rentice Hall 8pper Saddle

iver *ew Derse" ;@55 4ondon 8A.

. #lias '. F1:G. ICommunit" 'edicineJ. 4atest edition. Time Traders Aarachi-

a,istan:. eterson %.4 and Dohnson %.. F1::5G I Human Ecolog" and Climate changeJ

eople and esources in the far *orth Ta"lor and rancis 111 3ermont 7ve. *.

0. Suit 2 0ashington %C 25->521.1. 7rms. A F1::G. I Environmental SciencesJ #nternational edition saunder

colledge pu!lishing a division of Har inehart and 0inston #nc. 4ondon 8A.



Fundamenal o! En"ironmenal Im#ac Assessmen

$EIA%

Cr.Hr- 2+1

Env.Sci-51@

!$ective( To ena!le students to understand the impact of developmental activities on

the Environment and their anal"sis the status of E#7 application in a,istan in view ofthe concept of sustaina!le development.

1. Environmental impact of Human&*atural activities6 Environmental #mpact

7ssessment and role as ,e" tools for sustaina!le development.2. %evelopment plans and ro$ects6 their preparation and implementations cost-=enefit

and ualit" of life.>. Environment #mpact indicators F/eo Social Economics and EnvironmentalG and

their role in olic" and 'anagement activities.

@. Environmental #mpact 7ssessment and national planning in the conte9t of a,istan.

Field work:

The students will have to visit to an" of the proposed pro$ect of infrastructure

development life small dam highwa" residential colon" industr" etc. and will prepare

the E#7 report.

e!ere"ces

1- Therivel 6 Elia!eth 06 Thompson S6 Heane" %6 and rithard %.

1::@.Strategic Environmental 7ssessment Earthscan u!lications limited4ondon 8D.

2- ESC7 1::. Environmental #mpact 7ssessment /uidelines for agricultural

development 8nited *ation u!lication.>- 'orris . and Therivel . 1::5. 'ethods of Environmental #mpact

7ssessment 8C4 press limited 4ondon.

@- Canter 4.0. 1::<. Environmental #mpact 7ssessment 2nd edition 'c/raw

disaster Singapore.5- Smith A. 1::: Environmental Haards( 7ssessing ris, and reducing disaster

utledge 4ondon.

<- =ritish 'edical 7ssociation 1::. Health and Environmental #mpact

7ssessment( 7n integrated approach Earthscan pu!lication 4td. 4ondon.



F%(T%LS OF &O$T(S

Cr.Hr-2+1

Env.Sci-515

asic o! &omp,ter

#ntroduction and histor" of Computers

T"pes of Computer

Computer organiation

&omp,ter So!tware

Software #ntroduction

T"pes Software

C latform

Computer virusata processi") a"d Stora)e

• %ata rocessing Techniues

• %ata Storage F=it 7' ' Cache 'emor"

Secondar"

• Storage F%% H%% Tape C%G

• The rocessor

• =us ort

• Computer 'other!oard

• 'icroprocessor

• 'ath Co-processor

• 'emor" Chip

• Support Chips

• =uilt-in-rograms

• E9pansion slots

'$T a"d OT$T e#ices

7. #nput %evices

=. Ae"!oard and its t"pes

C. oint and %raw devices

%. Scanner %igital Camera speech recognition s"stem andmultimedia

O,tp,t eicesa. 'onitor F/raphic 7dopter sie esolution and t"pes

of monitorsG

!. rinters and t"pes F%ot matri9 in,$et and 4aserG

c. lotters Faster and enGd. resentation /raphics and special function terminals

F7T's. SsG

5i"dows



1. 0indows introduction

2. inding iles #nstalling rinters>. The %es,top and t"pes of windows Fapplication

documents dialogG

@. Elements of an application window5. 8nderstanding folders cop"ing deleting and

moving files<. word rocessing F'S wordG;. =asic concepts and features

. Crating saving editing formatting and printing

documents

:. wor,ing with Ta!les1. Electronic Spreadsheet F'S E9celG

11. =asic Concepts and eatures

12. Creating saving E9cel sheet editing the sheet1>. K'anaging formula formatting the sheet and

printing the sheet

1@. wor,ing on wor,!oo, 15. =asic of #nternet usage

1<. #ntroduction

1;. world wide we! and we! sites1. #ntroduction to #nternet !ased services and use

of e-mail

e!ere"ces

1. 8sing #nformation Technolog" F2nd EdG. =" 0illiam Saw"er.



Health Safety & EnvironmentCredit Hr. 2+1

Env.Sci.-51<

%efinition and concept of Environmental related Human health pro!lems u!lic healthconcept and communica!le and non-communica!le diseases water !orne food !orne andsanitation related disease and control measures ccupational Health( pro!lems and

issues prevention and control 7ccident prevention and safet" plans safet" techniues

Ergonomic and safet". rimar" health care services principle and practices. /overnment

policies and programs.

ecommended =oo,s

1. Caeneross S.1::>. Environmental Health Engineering.

0ille" #ntersciences.

2. Bassi 7 A$elllstrom T de Ao, T and /udotti T4 21.=asic Environmental Health 1st ed. 9ford 8niversit" ress *ew Bor, 8S7

>. *e!el = D and 0right T 1::. Environmental Sciences

FThe 0a" the 0ould 0or,sG 1st ed. rentice Hall #nternational #nc 4ondon 8A.@. 4ippmann '. 3an *ostrand and einhold 1::2

Environmental To9icants FHuman E9posure and their Health EffectsG. 1st ed *ew

Bor, 8S7.

5. ar, A 22. ar,Ls Te9t !oo, of reventive and Social'edicine 2nd ed. '&S =anarsid.



2"d Semester

Environmental GeologyF*atural HaardsG

Cr.Hr->Env.Sci.521

Objects: To introduce students to the components of natural Environment with an earthscience perspective including processes composition distri!ution and natural c"cles of

the atmosphere h"drosphere and !iosphere. #dentif" ma$or glo!al regional and local

scale issues arising from interaction with the manmade environment.

@. %escription of Environment rationale a!out concerns fundamental principlessustaina!le development natural&manmade components.

/. The Lithosphere:

a. 'inerals( Silicate ) *on-silicate alteration processes !. oc,s( #gneous 'etamorphic Sedimentar" roc, c"cle

c. Soil( ormation Composition rofile Classification

d. /eomorphic rocesses( 0eathering Erosion ivers /laciers 0inde. /eological Haards( Earthua,es 'Sc 3olcanism floods 4and sliding

f. 4ife and its affects in the lithosphere

6. The Hydrosphere:

a. H"drologic C"cle( %efinition mechanism of transfer !. ivers&Stream( T"pes discharge&runoff erosion&transportation&deposition

suspended dissolves and !ed load water availa!ilit" ualit"

c. /round 0ater( /round water ones water ta!le auifers natural springsrecharge&discharge effects of geolog" on water ualit".

d. ceans( 0ater composition Circulation6 waves currents and tides.

e. Estuaries and coastal processesf. 4ife and its affects in the h"drosphere.

4. The atmosphere:

c.7tmosphere( Composition Heat !udge Structure Circulation 0ind s"stems airmasses fronts ) depressions evaporation ) condensation humidit" fog )

clouds thunder storms6 tornadoes ) hurricanes

d. 0eather ) Climate( Climatic controls classification tropical temperate polar

local influences climatic varia!ilit" ) trends.5. Environmental #ssues(

d. /lo!al Scale( one la"er depletion /reen house effect and glo!al warming

7cid rain.e. egional Scale( %rought desertification atmospheric tur!idit"

f. 4ocal Scale( 7ir water and soil. ollution solid and liuid waste disposal

geolog" and health health and Environment opulation growth 8r!aniationdeforestation water logging and salinit" noise.



Field work:

The students will !e e9posed to different t"pes of roc,s their formation natural processes degraded ecos"stems and other local Environmental #ssues. 7 field report

will !e reuired of the students for evaluation.

e!ere"ces

11. 'ontgomer" C.0. 1::;. Environmental /eolog" <th edition 'c/raw Hill

=oo, Co. 1;< p.12. Tiller" =.0. 1::<. h"Scial Sciences >rd edition 0m. C. =rown u!lisher

%u!uue #7 8S7? <<2 p.

1>. 0allen .*. 1::2. #ntroduction to h"Scial /eograph" 0m. C. =rown

u!lisher %u!uue #7 5@< p.

1@. Aemp %.%. 1::@ /lo!al Environmental #ssues 7 Climatologicall" 7pproach2nd edition utledge 4ondon&*ew Bor, 22@ p.

15. =eer T. 1:>. Environmental ceanograph" 7n #ntroduction to the =ehavior of

Coastal 0aters. ergamon ress S"dne" 2<2 p.1<. =arr" . g. ) Chorle" .D. 1:5 7tmosphere 0eather ) Climate @th edition.

'ethuen ) Co. 4td. 4ondon&*ew Bor, @; p.

1;. 0ells *. 1:<. The 7tmosphere 7 h"Scial #ntroduction Ta"lor ) rancis4ondon&hiladelphia >@;.

1. Dones 7.'. 1::;. Environmental =iolog" utledge #ntroduction to

Environment utledge 4ondon.1:. Huggett .D. 1:: undamentals of =iogeograph" utledge 4ondon.

2. Aim!all D.0. 1::@. =iolog" 0m. C. =rown u!lishers %u!uue #78S7.



(7'O(T%L &H('ST8FSoil ollution 'onitoringG

Cr.Hr.2+1

Env.Sci-522

Objecti#e:To ena!le students to identit" important pollutants in the environment the

characteristic and to9ic effect of these pollutants on human !eings and other

living organisms and to empower them to understand anal"tical techniues forthe determination of these pollutant # la!oratories.

1. rigin and transmission in soil6 mechanism and medium for their diffusion.

7gricultural chemicals and fossil fuels.2. ertiliers pesticides and weedicides as pollutants.

>. 'utagens carcinogens and tetragons as special pro!lem.

@. #mpacts of ollutants on lants. 7nimals and Human health.

5. *ature and e9tent of water logging and salinit" pro!lems in a,istan<. Environmental Health criteria and standards F*EMSG for maintaining

Environmental ualit" Fair water etcG and occupational safet".

;. Theoretical !ac,ground of !uffers and acid !ase euili!rium soil nutrient and !iological activities. 7mino acid proteins and en"mes persistent organic

pollutants FG instrumentation and anal"tical techniues Chromatographic

techniues spectroscop" and air pollutant monitoring.

$ractical: o"itori") o! &hemical poll,tio"

1. Sampling techniues for chemical anal"sis of food and soil.

2. detection of organic and inorganic pollutant in soil and food.>. instrumentation for detection of pollutant and to9ic materials.

a. Spectrophotometr" !. lame photometr"

c. aper chromatograph"ield visit to industrial sites to stud" industrial effluent impacts on soil.

e!ere"ce

1. %e 7.A. 1::>. Environmental Chemistr" >rd edition 0ilse" eastern limited new

age international limited *ew %elhi.

2. T"agi %.% and 'ehra '. 1::. 7 te9t !oo, of Environmental Chemistr"7nmol pu!lication *ew %elhi.

>. Hodges 4. 1:;> Environmental pollutants6 7 surve" emphasiing ph"Scial and

chemical principles holt inehart and 0inston inc.@. 'anahan S.E 1::@. Environmental Chemistr" si9th edition lewis pu!lisher

To,"o.



APPLIE& ECOLOGYFopulation and %iseases Ecolog"G

Cr.Hr->

Env.Sci-52>

!$ective( To give students ,nowledge a!out the concept population ecolog" and

diseases due to Environmental stresses.

1. Communit" and Human environment( The !iotic communit" concept intra-communit" classification ecological dominance species diversit" and ecotone.

2. opulation ecolog"( opulation its distri!ution nattil" mortalit" ) growth rate

population fluctuation dispersal pollution age structure and human population ina,istan

>. Human and environment( Evaluation of homespunLs stages of development

impacts of various stages on environment ph"Scio- chemical environment and

the human health.@. h"siological changes and environmental influence( 'alnutrition and congenital

malformation chromosomal a!erration and cancer.5. Environmental stress and sociological disorders( Social environment of the

HumanFviolence crimes mental disorder drug addiction and corruptionG current

status of communit" health in a,istan and national health polic" and its

limitation.

6. %ssi)"me"ts o! st,de"ts a"d !ield work.

$ractical

o"itori") o! iolo)ical poll,tio"

1. Simple la!orator" techniues for anal"sis of 8rine and stool.

2. E9amination of =lood for microorganism and to9ic materials.>. Stud" of epidemiological factors in the filed

e!ere"ce

1. dum E.. 1:@. Iundamental of Ecolog"J >rd edition 0.=. saunders compan"

west 0ashington suare hiladelphia a. 1:15 8S7.

2. Stiling .% 1::< IEcolog" Theories and 7pplicationsJ 2nd edition rentice Hall8pper Saddle iver *ew $erse" ;@55 4ondon 8A.

>. =ush '.'. 1::; IEcolog" of a changing lannetJ rentice Hall #nc. 8pper

Saddle iver *ew $erse" ;@55. 4ondon 8A.@. %ic,inson /. ad 'auph" A. 1:: IEcos"stemsJ 7 fundamental approach out

edgeJ *ew etter 4ane 4ondon ECH@EE 8A.J

5. eterso %.4 and Dohnson %.. 1::5 IHuman Ecolog" and Climate changeJeople and esources in the far *orth Ta"lor and rancis 111 3ermont 7ve.

*.0. Suit 2 0ashington %C 25->521.

<. #li"as ' 1:: ICommunit" 'edicineJ 4atest ed. Time Traders Aarachi-a,istan.

7rms. A 1:: IEnvironmental Sciences #nternational edition saunder college pu!lishing

a division of Har inehart and 0inston #nc. 4ondon.



Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)F'ethodologies ) Case StudiesG

Cr.Hr->

Env.Sci.52@Objecti#e( To ena!le students to understand the impact of development activities on

the Environment and their anal"sis the status of E#7 applications in a,istan in view of the

concept of sustaina!le development. To Train students to carr" out E#7 studies for different

pro$ects in future.<. %evelopment plans and pro$ects6 their preparation and

#mplementation6 cost =enefit ualit" of life.

;. 'ethods techniues procedures and format of Environmental

impact assessment regulation and guideline of E#7.

. %etailed stud" of impacts of selected pro$ects e.g H"dropower

Highwa"s #ndustries and 'ines tourism and conservation pro$ect Fa forestationG.

:. 'onitoring and auditing in Environmental #mpact 7ssessment.

1. Simulation models Environmental #mpact 7ssessment and *ational olic" alternatives.

11. Case studies of E#7 of #ndustries6 wars esources and

#nfrastructure ro$ects 0ars.

12. Environmental Mualit" Standards6 *EMS E30H #S

certification and 0orld Trade rganiation F0TG reuirement.

Field work:

The students will have to visit to an" of the proposed pro$ect of infrastructure development

li,e small dam highwa" residential colon" industr" etc. and will prepare the E#7 report.

e!ere"ces

1. Therivel 6 Elia!eth 06 Thompson S6 Heane" %6 and ritchard %. 1::@. StrategicEnvironmental 7ssessment Earth scan pu!lications limited 4ondon 8A.

2. ESC7 1::. Environmental #mpact 7ssessment /uidelines for agriculturaldevelopment 8nited nation u!lication.

>. 'orris . and Therivel . 1::5. 'ethods of Environmental #mpact 7ssessment 8C4

press limited 4ondon.

@. Canter A. 1::2 Environmental #mpact 7ssessment 2nd edition 'c/raw-Hill Singapore

5. Smith A. 1::2. Environmental Haards. 7ssessing ris, and reducing disaster rout ledge

4ondon.

<. =ritish 'edical 7ssociation 1:: Health and Environmental #mpact 7ssessment6 7n

integrated approach earth scan pu!lication 4td. 4ondon.



RESEARCH METHO&OLOGY

Cr.Hr-2+1

Env.Sci.525

!$ective( To give students a theoretical foundation for conducting meaningful researchusing important methods of research. The main emphasis of the course will !e on

formulation and solution of different research pro!lems. 8se of statistical parameter data

processing and output through computers. =i!liographic searches report writingciting&listing references in reports&dissertations. The interpretation of the result will !e the

central.

1. esearch %esign urpose of esearch 8nits of 7nal"sis time %imension.2. How to design a esearch ro$ect Conceptualiation choice of 'ethods

Elements of a esearch roposal.>. perationaliation perationaliation choices and #llustrations /uidelines for

as,ing uestion and uestionnaires construction.

@. Surve" esearch self-administered uestionnaires #nterview and other surve"

methods their strength and wea,nesses.5. The logic of sampling( concepts and terminolog" population and sampling

frames t"pes of sampling designs.

<. ield studies( Steps in the conduct on a field stud"( formulation of a researchdesign pre-testing of research instruments and procedures.

;. Evaluation research How to carr" out evaluation research e9perimental design

and use of indicators in research.

. 7nal"tical tools in research ualitative and uantitative methods statisticalanal"sis.

:. 8nivariate !ivariate and multivariate anal"sis.

$ractical work

1. /raphic tools in Environmental lanning and management scope and utilit".

2. 'anual and computer aided graphic representation of ualitative and uantitative.Envtl data line area and valume s"m!ols

>. 7!stracting and !i!liographic searches.

@. #ntroduction to graphic construction of three-dimensional maps and diagrams.

5. 'aps( features and properties6 ro$ection s"stems6 coordinate s"stems t"pes6

various t"pes of map pro$ections.e!ere"ce

1. 0iliam 'ichelson I =ehavioral esearch 'ethods in Environmental designJDophn widl" *ew Bor, 1::5.

2. E.. =a!!ie ISurve" esearchJ 0adsworth u!lishing compan" =elmont

californis 1::.>. E.. =a!ie IThe practice of Social esearchJ 0ads worth u!lishing compan"

=elmont californis 1::.



@. %amiel %at Fin leon estinger and %amiel AatchGJ esearch 'ethods in social

sciences.5. 'oins osen!erg( the logic of Surve" 7nal"sis =aSci =oo, Compan" *ew

Bor, 1::>.

<. %avid *eft IStatistical 7nal"sis for 7rea %istri!utions.;. Cuff and 'attson IThematic 'aps Their %esign and productionJ 1:2.

. Aeates. D.S. ICartographic design and productionJ 1:<.



3rd Semester

NAT'RAL RESO'RCE MANAGEMENT*e"ewable eso,rces-

Cr.Hr->

Env. Sci.<>1

!$ective( To train students on the identification occurrences and distri!ution ofnatural resources their current status and threats 8se of interdisciplinar"

approach for sustaina!le management of the natural resources.

1. #ntroduction( natural resources its uses threats internal and e9ternalmanagement and sustaina!le management of natural resources

2. %evelopment of 'anagement lan( needs reuirement process and contents

of the management plan.

>. 0atershed management( #mportance !aSci principles methodologies nationale9ample forest t"pes and its e9isting management.

@. angeland 'anagement( e9isting status importance threats causes andmethods for its improvement.

5. 0ater esources 'anagement( 7vaila!le waters resources threat and its

causes effective management.

<. isheries 'anagement( T"pes of fishes in a,istan e9isting situation reasonfor decline and its potential in the national econom" management options.

e!ere"ces:

1. /oldsmith .= and 0arren 7. 1::>. Conservation in rogress Dohn 0ille" )Sons6 *ew Bor, 8S7.

2. earce ) Turner 1::. Economics of *atural esources and the Environment

Harvester 0heatsheaf 4ondon

>. %asmann .. 1:@ Environmental Conservation Dohn 0ile" ) Sons *ewBor,

@. /. 7nd #8C*. 1::2. The a,istan *ational Conservation Strateg" F*CSG

#slama!ad.5. Hansen .E. and Dorensen S.E. 1::1. #ntroduction to Environmental

management- development in Environmental modeling 1( 7msterdam Elsevier.



POLL'TION CONTROL TECHNOLOGYF7ir and 0aterG

Cr.Hr-2+1Env.Sci.<>2

!$ectives( To give students the ,nowledge a!out environment friendl" technolog"

and resource conservation and recover" through the application ofalternate technolog".

1. Environmental Technolog" definition and concept. Historical =ac,ground need

of Environmental Technolog" Sustaina!le %evelopment.2. 7n idea of !aSci concept including clean producers clean technologies and

source reduction.

>. ollution control technologiesa. 4ow waste and no waste technologies

!. Technolog" for water pollution control( water treatment and sanitation

technologies o9idation ponds aerated lagoons tric,ling filters sanitar"septic tans, and activated sludge process .

c. #ndustrial and occupational safet"6 'a$or needs and reuirements

e!ere"ce

1. eav" H. S6 owe %. and T./ 1:5 Environmental engineering 'c /raw-Hill *ew Bor,.

2. Cor!itt .7 1:::. Standard Han!oo, of Environmental engineering 2nd edition

'c/raw-Hill new Bor,.>. 7ustin /.T. 1:5. ShreveLs chemical process industries 5 th edition 'c /raw-

Hill *ew Bor,.

anda" /.*. and carne" /.C. 1::@. Environmental engineering Tta 'c/raw-Hill

u!lishing compan" *ew %elhi.



EN!"#NMEN$AL EC#N#M!CSCr.Hr->

Env.Sci.<>>

!$ective( To train students on !aSci economic concepts and theories ofEnvironmental economics

1. #ntroduction to Economics( %efinition of Economics and its !ranches

Environmental economics histor" concepts fundamentals and scope of

Environmental economics.

2. Economics management and Environmental ualit"( Economics management andeconomic development economic growth and its measurement o!stacles to

economic growth opulation and Environmental ualit" interaction !etween

ecolog" and economic management and economic functions of Environment.>. Sustaina!le development( Sustaina!le growth and development sustaina!ilit" as

non-decaling wealth and resilience importing and e9porting sustaina!ilit" land

forest&wood water metal minerals and chemicalsG.@. Environmental economic of a,istan( Economic development in a,istan

o!stacles to economic development in a,istan methodologies of national

income estimation Environmental resources of a,istan economic planning andstrategies in a,istan.

e!ere"ce

1. 'errett S. F1::;G I #ntroduction to the economics of water resourcesJ 7n

international perspective 8C4 press limited 1 /unpoweder @ suare 4ondon EC@7> %E.

2. earce %. 'ar,and"a 7 and Edward =. =ar!ier F1::G I=lue print for a green

econom"J 4ondon.

>. 'c 4aren %. =ulloc, S. ) Bousaf. *. F1::G. ITomorrowLs 0orldJ Earthscan pu!lications limited.

@. Chairmm S and 0arford D.D F1::G IEnvironmental 'anagement andEconomics %evelopmentJ 7 world =an, u!lication. The Dohn Hop,ins

8niversit" ress 'ar"land 21211 8S7.

*asir '.S and H"der S.A. F1:G IEconomics of a,istanJ #imi =oo, House 4ahore

a,istan.



ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNINGCr.Hr.->

Env.Sci-<>@

!$ectives( To give students on insight a!out the means and scope of Environmental

lanning and formulation of the Environmental plans for controlling the

Environmental issues&pro!lems through national international and glo!alefforts.

1. 'eaning and scope of Environmental lanning and 'anagement development of

concepts Carr"ing capacit" and sustaina!le development.2. 'an-Environmental #nteraction in time and space relationship of cultural

technolog" and resource use.

>. 7 detailed stud" of Environmental ro!lems of a,istan status of Terrestrial7uatic and 7tmospheric Ecos"stems.

@. Treaties Conventions and protocols in /lo!al egional and international

Environmental #ssues.

5. ole of u!lic awareness and communit" participation in Environmentalconservation and management.

e!ere"ce

1. =arrow C.D. 1::5. %evelopment the Environment( ro!lems and management.Esse9m 4ondon.

1. Aemp %.%. 1:::. /lo!al Environmental #ssues( 7 Climatologicall" approach.

4ondon out ledge.2. 'ac,enie .T. 'ac,enie D.S. 1::5. ur changing planet-7n introduction to

earth s"stem sciences and glo!al Environmental change. Englewood Cliffs

prentice Hall.

>. Hansen .E and Dorgensen S.E. 1::1. #ntroduction to Environmentalmanagement. %evelopment in Environmental modeling 1( 7msterdam Elsevier.

@. 0H. 1::2 Commission on health and Environment our planet our health

report of the world commission on health and Environment( /eneva.



REMOTE SENSINGCr.Hr.->

Env.Sci. <>5

!$ectives( To introduce students to the principles of remote sensing techniues as toolfor data collection and anal"sis.

1. F,"dame"tals o! emote Se"si")

a. Concept of emote Sensing

!. Energ" sources and characteristics of electromagnetic radiation )

spectrumc. Energ" interaction with atmosphere and earth surface features

d. Spectral reflectance of land covers

e. Transmittance of the atmospheref. 7 emote sensing s"stem

2.%erial $hoto)raphy9 '"terpretatio"9 $hoto)rammetry

a. #ntroduction Cameras ilms !. T"pes of aerial photographs scale ground coverage resolution

c. #nterpretation of aerial photos reuired euipment.

d. Ta,ing measurement from aerial photos

e. 7pplications of aerial photograph" in mapping various resources andEnvironmental.

f. 7erial sensor imager" through 'SS ) T# scanner S47.

3. Satellite ima)eries9 'ma)e $rocessi")9 '"terpretatio"

a. Sensor t"pes and their characteristics resolution swath width

!. latform t"pes or!it characteristics altitude positioning

c. %ata acuisition transmission storage

d. #mage processing corrections enhancement classificatione. #mage displa" hard cop" stereoscop" interpretation ,e"s

f. reparation of thematic maps

g. 7pplications

$ractical

HT/7''ET7B ) E'TE SE*S#*/

1. esources inventories techniues for carr"ing out resource surve"s and

inventories monitoring and evaluation tools.

2. 'ethods of interpretation and identification of important features from aerial photos and satellite imageries.

>. 4and-us mapping from aerial photos to demarcate !road categories ie. Cultivatedland cultiva!le waste forests pastures settlements and water !odies etc.

@. role of remote sensing in Environmental monitoring of natural and man-made processes such as flooding volcanism land-sliding oone la"er depletion water

pollution deforestation soil erosion water logging and salinit".



e!ere"ces

2- 4ulla A.) %essinov 4.3.2. %"namic Earth Environmental(emote Sensing !servations from shuttle 'ir 'ission Dohn 0ile" ) Sons. #nc.2

p.

>- ance 7.*. 1:::. emote Sensing for the Earth Sciences.Dohn 0ile" ) Sons. #nc. ;2.

@- ood" /.'. ) Curran .D. 1::@. Environmental emoteSensing from egional to /lo!al scales. Dohn 0ile" ) Sons. #nc. 25.

5- 'urai S. FEdG 1::<. emote Sensing *ote 2nd edition Dapan

7ssociation on emote Sensing To,"o > p.

<- 4illesand T.'. ) Aiefer .0. emote Sensing and image

#nterpretation Dohna 0ile" ) Sons #n.;- aine %.. I7erial hotographic and #mage #nterpretationJ

1:1.

- 4uder %.. 7erial hotographic #nterpretationJ lasted edition.:- 0aless H.. I#ntroduction to 7erial Stereo-photographsJ 4atest

edition.

1- 'offitt and 'i,hail Ihotogrammetr"J 1:.11- =urrought .7. 1::>. rinciples of /eographic #nformation

S"stem for land resources assessment. Clarendon ress 9ford 1:@ p.

12- =ernhardsen T. 1::2. /eographic information S"stems The'icrocomputer and modern cartograph". ergamon press Toronto 251 p.

1>- Ta"lor %... 1::1. /eographic #nformation S"stems The

'icrocomputer and modern cartograph" perganmon press Toronto 251 p.



4th Semester

NAT'RAL RESO'RCES MANAGEMENT F*on-renewa!le esourcesG

Cr.Hr.->Env.Sci-<@1

Objecti#e:To train students on the identification occurrence and distri!ution of

natural resources their current status and threats. 8se of interdisciplinar"approach for sustaina!le management of the natural resources.

1. #ntroduction( *on-renewa!le resource T"pes and e9isting situation in world in

general while in a,istan particularl".2. 0ildlife( 'anagement e9isting situation at national level wildlife census reasons

for its decline and its possi!le remedies e9isting management approaches

sustaina!le&troph" hunting pro$ects and its role in local and national development

national and provincial legislation.>. 7gricultural esources 'anagement( E9isting situation of agriculture sector in

a,istan agriculture products and their share in /% pro!lem in agricultureagriculture chemicals their pros and cons national agriculture polic"

management options.

@. Energ" and 'ineral esources 'anagement( present situation at national level

limitation in the future !est availa!le option for future solar power wind powerand nuclear power.

5. 4and use lanning and 'anagement( evolution of land use planning review of

land use plans developed !" the various organiation field visit to develop a landuse plan for selected area.

e!ere"ces- /oldsmith .= and 0arren 7. 1::>. Conservation in rogress Dohn

0ille" ) Sons( *ew Bor, 8S7.

- earce )Tuner 1::. Economics of *atural esources and the

Environment Harvester 0heatsheaf 4ondon.

- %asmann ..1:@. Environmental conservation Dohn 0ile" ) Sons *ew Bor,

- / and #8C*. 1::2. The a,istan *ational Conservation Strateg"

F*CSG #slama!ad.Hansen .E. and Dorensen S.E 1::1. #ntroduction to Environmental 'anagement

%evelopment in Environmental modeling 16 7msterdam Elsevier.



POLL'TION CONTROL TECHNOLOGYFSolid waste *oise and SoilG

Cr.Hr.->

Env.Sci-<@2

!$ective( To give students the ,nowledge a!out Environment friendl" technolog" and

resource conservation and recover" through the application of alternate

technolog".

1. $oll,tio" co"trol tech"olo)ies

1. *oise Control Technolog" Enclosures and =arriers Silencers 'ufflers and

7ttenuators 3i!ration Control #nsulation and 7!sorption.2. Soil pollution control water logging and salinit"

>. =iological pollution control technolog"

2.ecycli") Tech"olo)y

a. ec"cling of paper metals and other inorganic !. ec"cling of organic waste-composting

c. ec"cling of Soil waste.

3.Solid 5aste a"a)eme"t Storage Handling Transportation and %isposal.

4. Ha;ardo, 0aste 'anagement technological reuirements for dealing with to9ic

chemicals and haardous wastes6 their storage transportation and handling sanitar"

landfills deep soil #n$ections incineration and p"rol"sis.5. #ndustrial and occupational Safet"6 'a$or *eeds and reuirements.

e!ere"ces

1. eav" H.S6 owe %..and T. /. 1::5 Environmental Engineering 'c/raw-Hill *ew Bor,.

2. Cor!itt .7. 1:::. Standard Han!oo, of Environmental Engineering 2nd edition'c/ra-Hill *ew Bor,.

>. 7ustin /.T. 1::5. ShreveLs Chemical rocess #ndustries 5 th edition 'c%raw-

Hill *ew Bor,.

@. anda" /.* and Carne" /.C.1::@. Environmental Engineering .Tta 'c/raw-

Hill u!lishing Compan".



A&VANCE ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICSF3aluing the Environment

Cr.Hr.->

Env. Sci. <@>

!$ective( To train students on methods of Environmental valuation and to show

e9amples how theories can !e applied practicall".

1. Environmental 3aluation techniues( The meaning of Environment valuation

needs of evaluations t"pes of values indicators for valuing Environment andlimits to valuing the Environment techniues for valuing the environment

Fhedonic price approach contingent valuation travel cost approach willingness to

pa" and willingness to accept estimating dose response functionsG2. Environmental accounting and %iscounting( 7ccounting and Environmental

accounting need for environmental accounting ph"Scial approach and monetar"

approach rationales for discounting discounting and the environment

discounting and inter-generation euit".>. ollution and Economic #nstruments( ollution as e9ternalit" and t"pes of

eternalit" optimal level of pollution economic instruments( prices incentivesta9es charges and polluter pa"s principles.

@. #ntegrated economics policies for pollution control( 'ar,et !ased incentives

proper pricing of natural resources and ta9ation polic".

e!ere"ce

1. earce %. 'ar,and"a 7 and Edward =. =ar!ier F1::G I=lue rint for a green

econom"J 4ondon.

2. 'c 4aren %. =ulloc, S. ) Bousaf *. 1:. ITomorrowLs worldJ Earthscan pu!lishing limited.

>. pschoor D.= and 3os H. 1: I The application of Economics #nstruments forEnvironmental rotectionJ EC%. 7#S.

@. epetto . 'agrath 0. 0ells '. =eer C. and ossini . 1:J 0asting

7ssists *atural esources in the *ational #ncome 7ccountsJ 0orld esources

#nstitute 0ashington %C.

5. %o!roo,shire Shuie 0. Tha"er '. 1:5 Isome 8nusual 7spects of 3aluing a *atural esourcesJ 'imeo 8niversit" of 0"oming.

<. *ichols 7.4. 1:@ ITargeting Economic #ncentives for Environmental

rotectionJ '#T ress Cam!ridge.



ENVIRONMENTAL POLICES AN& LA(S

Cr.Hr->

Env.Sci.-<@@

Objecti#e: To give students an insight a!out the glo!al efforts policies. The course

intends to educate students on international treaties protocolsEnvironmental legislation F7ctG and policies.

2. Conservation strategies( 0CS *CS SCS and local Conservation Strateg".

>. 4egislation and Environmental rotection with particular reference to a,istan.@. Environmental control olicies #nstruments and methods

5. rganiational and #nstitutional ramewor, for Environmental protection and

'anagement( scope and Status in a,istan.e!ere"ces:

1. =all S. and =ell S.1::@. Environmental 4aw-The law and polic" relating to the

protection of the Environment. 2nd Ed. 4ondon !lac, stone press limited.

2. 'ac,enie .T. 'ac,enie D.S. 1::5. ur changing planet-7n introduction toearth s"stem sciences and glo!al Environmental change( Englewood cliffs

prentice Hall.

>. Hansen . E. and Dorgensen S.E. 1::1. #ntroduction to Environmentalmanagement. %evelopment in Environmental modeling. 1( 7msterdam Elsevier.



Geogra#)ic In!ormaion S*sem $GIS%Cr.Hr.-2+1

Env.Sci-<@5

!$ective( To introduce students to the principles of /eographic #nformation S"stem

as tool for data collection and anal"sis.

1.F,"dame"tals o! <'S

a. #ntroduction components of /#S Hardware and software maps

!. Spatial data Fpoint line areaG structure Fvector rasterG attri!ute data

c. %ata input digitiing scanning manual coordinate entr" data lin,age

d. 8se of remotel" sensed data and /lo!al positioning s"stem in /#Se. %ata!ase s"stems t"pes( hierarchical relational networ, t"pes

2.ata %"alysis a"d O,tp,t

!. %ata storage classification reclassification measurement operationsc. 7rithmetic geometric and statistical operation overla" and !uffering

d. %igital elevation 'odels F%E'G construction importance calculating

slope angle and direction.

e. #mportant aspects in the design of out mapsf. %ata out put t"pes

g. Cartographic tools and visual varia!le

3.<'S applicatio"

a. rganiational setup evaluation and implementation

!. Environmental protection and resource conservation

c. Environmental #mpact assessmentd. 7gricultural orest isher" and wild life

4.%ssi)"me"ts *$ractical Field works-

e!ere"ce

1- 4ulla A.) %essinov 4.3.2. %"namic Earth Environmental(

emote Sensing !servations from shuttle 'ir 'ission Dohn 0ile" ) Sons. #nc.2 p.

2- ance 7.*. 1:::. emote Sensing for the Earth Sciences.

Dohn 0ile" ) Sons. #nc. ;2.

>- ood" /.'. ) Curran .D. 1::@. Environmental emote

Sensing from egional to /lo!al scales. Dohn 0ile" ) Sons. #nc. 25.@- 'urai S. FEdG 1::<. emote Sensing *ote 2nd edition Dapan

7ssociation on emote Sensing To,"o > p.

5- 4illesand T.'. ) Aiefer .0. emote Sensing and image#nterpretation Dohna 0ile" ) Sons #n.

<- aine %.. I7erial hotographic and #mage #nterpretationJ

1:1.;- 4uder %.. 7erial hotographic #nterpretationJ lasted edition.

- 0aless H.. I#ntroduction to 7erial Stereo-photographsJ 4atest

edition.:- =urrought .7. 1::>. rinciples of /eographic #nformation

S"stem for land resources assessment. Clarendon ress 9ford 1:@ p.

1- =ernhardsen T. 1::2. /eographic information S"stems The

'icrocomputer and modern cartograph". ergamon press Toronto 251 p.



Documents

M.sc Course Content