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How to succeed when doing business in Africa? Klaus Endresen Oslo, September 29th 2011

Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

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Managing Partner Appiah Endresen & Co, Mr. Klaus Endresen

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Page 1: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

How to succeed when doing business in Africa?

Klaus EndresenOslo, September 29th 2011

Page 2: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia
Page 3: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

A matter of perspective

‘’There is more genetic diversity between different African people than between all the races of the world combined. So the difference between Asian and European is less than between Amhara and Hausa’’

Page 4: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

Africa Norway

• 995 million people• > 410 distinct tribes• 30 million km2

• > 3000 languages• Heterogenous, open, flexible

• 5 million people• 2 population groups• 0,3 million km2

• 2 Languages• Homogenous, closed, square

Page 5: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

Squaring the circle = Adjusting the mindset

Cut some edges off the square frame of mind

Fill in on values and attitudes 

Page 6: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

Survey

• Suggest: ‘5 most important success criteria for a Norwegian company that wants to do business in Africa’

• Sent to 25 people (11 African, 14 Nordics)• 19 respondants (10 African,  9 Nordics)• All are senior people in business or government• Many in energy sector, but also other industries• 89 suggestions (46 – 43; Africa and Nordic)• 19 suggested criteria/groups of criteria

Page 7: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

Main  5 criteria/groups ‐ I

1:  Good country and local knowledge. Cultural sensitivity and social skills. Understand and respect local values and systems

2:  Get local partner; after careful selection. Be prepared to help fund and develop the local partner. Local partner needs to be committed. Develop personal relations

Page 8: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

Main  5 criteria/groups ‐ II

3: Be aware of local skills shortages, even if not locally admitted. Use resources on technology transfer, training and education. Use newest technology

4: Work closely with host country authorities. Draw on Norwegian/Nordic individuals/reps already in the area

Page 9: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

Main  5 criteria/groups ‐ III

5: Never assume lower standards are acceptable in Africa. Product/Service must be good and be needed. Client selection important. Be clear on terms and conditions

Page 10: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

Some alarming results!

• 7 of 10 Africa repondents, and 0 out of 9 Nordics stated specifically:

– CSR. Be an active corporate citizen from Day 1. Involve the local community

– Local Content. Have a progressive and active attitude towards building Local Content

Page 11: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

CSR ‐ I• Term is shaped by stakeholders from the ‘North’

• Since 1994 many international initiatives– OECD guidelines on Multinational Enterprises – the Global Reporting Initiative – the UN Global Compact – the Global Sullivan Principles – the Caux Principles for Business,etc.

• Agenda not always relevant for countries from the ‘South’

Page 12: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

CSR ‐ II

• Example – UN Global Compact  ‐ covers– Human rights – Labour rights– Environment– Anti‐corruption

• Companies sign up. Report annually on this.• Confidently assume CSR committment fulfilled

Page 13: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

CSR ‐ III• Definition of CSR from African perspective more specific and focused on playing an active role

• “Our social involvement strategy in support of Namibia's sustainable socio‐economic development is founded on the principle that social upliftment is not a luxury, but a business imperative in Namibia.”

• “The way an organization tries to plough back and play a meaningful role in the development of society.”

• “Companies ought to play a role in the socio‐economic development of the country.”

Page 14: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

Local content – IDoing business in Africa

• Traditionally:– IOC gets exploration/production contract with Government

– IOC subcontracts a variety of technical services to other international service companies; seismics, rigs, supply vessels, helicopter, pipes, cement, etc

– IOC and service companies pay taxes locally, employ some few local staff, and buy only basic goods and services in the host country

– This is business in Africa

Page 15: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

Local content – IIDoing business with Africa

• Now:– IOC most likely carry the NOC and/or local oil companies in the exploration phase, and have them as paid‐up partners in the production phase

– Subcontracting of most services• To be approved by the NOC• Preference to either local service companies, or JVs between local and foreign service companies

– Major emphasis on maximizing local staff (hiring and training), and sourcing of goods locally

– This is business with Africa

Page 16: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

Mixed results• 25 cases

– 12 successes– 13 did not make it 

• The 12 successes– 4 related to the Norwegian Government (as client or for funding)

– 1 is a temporary success, which might fail (short‐term and opportunistic perspective)

– 7 made it ‘on their own’– All 7 met the 5 suggested main groups of criteria

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The 13 that did not make it

• 6 opportunistic; not long‐term• 3 badly prepared• 3 under‐resourced• 1 all of the above

Page 18: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

Each morning when the antelope wakes up he knows that for him to survive that day he has to 

run faster than the fastest lion. 

Each morning when the lion wakes up he knows that for him to survive that day he has to run faster 

than the slowest antelope. 

It doesn’t matter who you are:      When day breaks in Africa you better start running.

Page 19: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

Klaus EndresenAppiah‐Endresen & Co

klaus@appiah‐endresen.comNamibian mobile: +264 811243239Norwegian mobile: +47 90565707

Private Bag 13303,39 Schanzen Weg,Windhoek, Namibia

Page 20: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

The Lamb Story

Page 21: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

Norwegian credo: ‘Trade not aid’

• Norway: • Lamb deficit, import from e.g. New Zealand• High local prices• Open for LDC import

• Namibia’s lamb production– Rural, in areas without alternative employment– Poor farmers– Ecological– Very high quality meat– Low production costs

Page 22: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia

Norwegian reaction:

– ‘Closes’ the border– Imposes import tariffs– Insists on bone‐free meat (despite 50 years without foot and mouth disease)

– Each animal must be tested for brucella millitentis

=˃ The problem is not always where you expect it

Page 23: Mr Klaus Endresen - How to succeed, Lessons learned from Angola and Namibia