MPTF OFFICE GENERIC FINALPROGRAMME 1 NARRATIVE …

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UN Joint Programme on Climate Change MPTF OFFICE GENERIC FINALPROGRAMME1 NARRATIVE REPORT

REPORTING PERIOD: 1 MARCH 2014 – 31 MARCH 2017

Programme Title & Project Number

Country, Locality(s), Priority Area(s) / Strategic Results2

• Programme Title: Support To Low Carbon Climate Resilient Development For Poverty Reduction In Kenya

• Programme Number : 00090583 • MPTF Office Project Reference Number:3

00091744

Kenya, Africa Priority area/ strategic results UNDAF Outcome 3.2. Outcome 3.2. Enhanced environment management for economic growth with equitable access to energy services and response to climate change.

Participating Organization(s)

Implementing Partners UNDP, UNEP, UN-HABITAT, UN-ILO and UNESCO.

Ministry of Environment, Water and Natural Resources (MEWNR), Ministry of Devolution and Planning, The National Treasury, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum, Ministries of Labour, Social Security and Services; Ministry of Industrialization and Enterprise Development; Ministry of Land, Housing and Urban Development; and the Kenya Renewable Energy Association (KEREA)

Programme/Project Cost (US$) Programme Duration Total approved budget as per project document: 1,266,000 JP Contribution4: • DFID = 1,777, 628.35 USD

Overall Duration (24 months)

Agency Contribution • UN Agencies = 102,721.13

Start Date5 (1st March 2014)

Original End Date6 (31st December 2016)

1 The term “programme” is used for programmes, joint programmes and projects. 2 Strategic Results, as formulated in the Strategic UN Planning Framework (e.g. UNDAF) or project document; 3 The MPTF Office Project Reference Number is the same number as the one on the Notification message. It is also referred to as “Project ID” on the project’s factsheet page the MPTF Office GATEWAY 4 The MPTF or JP Contribution, refers to the amount transferred to the Participating UN Organizations, which is available on the MPTF Office GATEWAY 5 The start date is the date of the first transfer of the funds from the MPTF Office as Administrative Agent. Transfer date is available on the MPTF Office GATEWAY 6 As per approval of the original project document by the relevant decision-making body/Steering Committee.

http://mptf.undp.org/factsheet/project/00091744

http://mdtf.undp.org/



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Current End date7(31st March 2017)

TOTAL: 1,880,349.50

Programme Assessment/Review/Mid-Term Eval. Report Submitted By Evaluation Completed Yes No Date: dd.mm.yyyy Evaluation Report – Attached as Annex 1 Yes No Date: dd.mm.yyyy

o Name: Geoffrey OMEDO o Title: Programme Officer o Participating Organization (Lead): UNDP o Email address: [email protected]

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

AWP Annual Work Plan CIDP County Integrated Development Plan CPEBR Climate Public Expenditure and Budget Review DaO Deliver as One DFID UK Department for International Development GoK Government of Kenya ILO International Labour Organization KARA Kenya Alliance of Residents Association KEREA Kenya Renewable Energy Association LPAC Local Project Appraisal Committee MEWNR Ministry of Environment, Water and Natural Resources MoDP Ministry of Devolution and Planning MoF Ministry of Finance MTEF Medium Term Expenditure Framework MTP II Medium term Plan 2013-2017 NamSIP Nairobi Metropolitan Services Improvement Project NIMES National Integrated Monitoring and Evaluation Strategy NMT Non-Motorized Transport NuTRIP National Urban Transport Improvement Project OGL Off-Grid Lighting Products SUMP Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP) NCCAP National Climate Change Action Plan UNDAF United Nations Development Assistance Framework UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization

7 If there has been an extension, then the revised, approved end date should be reflected here. If there has been no extension approved, then the current end date is the same as the original end date. The end date is the same as the operational closure date which is when all activities for which a Participating Organization is responsible under an approved MPTF / JP have been completed. As per the MOU, agencies are to notify the MPTF Office when a programme completes its operational activities.

mailto:[email protected]

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FINAL PROGRAMME REPORT

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The UNDP Kenya Country Office, in collaboration with UNEP, UN-HABITAT, UN-ILO, UNIDO and UNESCO are working with the Government of Kenya under a Joint Climate Change Project titled ‘Support to Low Carbon Climate Resilient Development for Poverty Reduction in Kenya’. This project funded by the UK Department for International Development (DFID). This project was designed in recognition of the impacts of climate change across all the key sectors in Kenya, because of its geography and reliance on rain-fed agriculture, pastoral livestock production systems and tourism which are all heavily dependent on nature. By combining the skills and resources of UN Agencies active across the country and by jointly addressing key development issues alongside others, the UN Agencies are jointly working to complement the efforts of Government, civil society, the private sector and other development partners, using available resources as judiciously as possible and reinforcing the leadership of other actors through technical support and modest financial contributions. The Project formally ended on 31st March 2017 with a Terminal Evaluation being completed in July 2017. Therefore, little programming activities were reported within 2017. This report covers the cumulative activities across all the five outcome areas for the entire period of the project November 2014 to March 2017 when the project was operationally closed. Key summaries of the main activities are shown below: I. Purpose To support Kenya transition to a low carbon climate resilient development pathway reducing the country's vulnerability to climate risk and improving livelihoods while contributing towards the global efforts to reduce green-house gases emissions. In addition, the Project seeks to actualize the UN’s commitment of ‘Delivering as One’, aptly captured in the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) for Kenya under Outcome 3.2. ‘Enhanced environment management for economic growth with equitable access to energy services and response to climate change’. The Joint Project utilizes the specialized niches of the 5 UN agency partners (UNDP, ILO, UNEP, UNHABITAT, and UNESCO) to achieve the following:

1. Output 1: Pro-poor CC adaptation and mitigation mainstreamed in national and sub-national planning and budgeting processes (UNDP/UNEP)

2. Output 2: Renewables and sustainable biomass production promoted in Arid and semiarid Lands (UNDP/KEREA)

3. Output 3: Green buildings are promoted in the construction sector with associated benefits for employment, environmental improvement, social equity and economic prosperity (ILO)

4. Output 4: Low carbon transport is included in the on-going urban planning processes and national policies are developed to promote importation of cleaner, more fuel-efficient vehicles in Kenya (UNHABITAT/UNEP)

5. Output 5: Governance reforms in the wildlife sector contribute to reducing illegal wildlife trade in Kenya (UNEP/UNESCO)

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II. Assessment of Programme Results The UN Joint Programme on Climate Change formally begun in November 2014, when the actual funds released by the donor, DFID, were received. The agencies finalized project activities on 31st March 2017 after a full two years of project implementation. At first, the project was to end on 31st December 2016, but the final Project Steering Committee (PSC) meeting recommended a no-cost extension of 3 months to allow for closure related activities, such as Terminal Evaluation activities. The Project underwent its once-in-a-lifetime Nationally Implemented Project (NIM) Project UNDP Audit, an exercise that is being undertaken by Baker Tilly Meralli Audit firm. The Audit Report (see Annex 2) found good programme management with no major audit issues being raised. The Project underwent a Terminal Evaluation which found that the Project to have an Overall Project Rating of Marginally Satisfactory (as highlighted in Table 1 below).

Table 1: Summary of the evaluation ratings

Criterion Rating

A. Strategic relevance S

B. Achievement of outputs MS C. Effectiveness: Attainment of project objectives and

results S

1. Achievement of direct outcomes MS 2. Likelihood of impact ML

3. Achievement of project goal and planned objectives MS D. Sustainability and replication ML

1. Financial L 2. Socio-political L

3. Institutional framework ML 4. Environmental L

5. Catalytic role and replication MS E. Efficiency S

F. Factors affecting project performance S Overall project rating MS

Note: Highly Satisfactory (HS), Satisfactory (S), Moderately Satisfactory (MS); Moderately Unsatisfactory (MU); Unsatisfactory (U); Highly

Unsatisfactory (HU). Sustainability is rated from Highly Likely (HL) down to Highly Unlikely (HU)

The findings of this Terminal Evaluation emphasized the findings that all the UN Agencies have delivered good results so far, and the project activities have spurred more developments, and generation of some resources to support the sustainability of the project activities. The work streams have touched many areas of Kenya’s National Climate Change Action Plan, ranging from budgeting and planning at national and county levels, monitoring and evaluation systems, sustainable biomass production and use, forestry, renewable energy streams such as solar, green buildings and green jobs, sustainable transport, urban mobility and planning, wildlife crimes and livelihoods among many other areas. With the promulgation of the Climate Change Act 2016 into law by Kenya’s President in 2016, much of the achievements under this project will inform the future development of the climate change terrain in Kenya.

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III. Assessment of Programme Results

• Outcomes Results:

The project activities implemented in collaboration with UNEP, UN-HABITAT, UN-ILO, UNIDO, UNESCO and UNDP supporting the Ministry of Environment, Water and Natural Resources (MEWNR); the Ministry of Devolution and Planning (MoDP); and the National Treasury (TNT) among many other national partners to integrate climate change developments to spur the realization of Kenya’s low carbon climate resilient development pathways. Through this project, the UN agency collaboration supported several important developments at the policy front, a Non-Motorized Transport Policy (NMT) for Nairobi County. Some of the policies that emerged include the enactment of Kenya’s Wildlife Conservation and Management Policy 20178. The collaboration with UNESCO and UNEP had proactive measures to reduce poaching and illegal trade in wildlife products resulting in reduced poaching 9. In fact, according to a census undertaken by the Government in 2017 10, the elephant, buffalo, giraffe and Grevy’s zebra population in Kenya has been growing by 2.5% annually. In addition, a total of 121,520 Km2 increased area of conservancies within the Amboseli National Park adjacent productive landscapes: 6 in Kimana Ranch and 2 Kuku Ranch. Improved management effectiveness scores for the Amboseli National Park (66 to 67) and Chyulu Hills National Park 11.

The project also enhanced Kenya’s pathway towards realization of SDG 13 on climate action. This is through Kenya’s Climate Public Budget and Expenditure Review Process (CPEBR), influencing 2017’s Budget Policy Statement 12 which recognized the importance of climate change, as enshrined in the Climate Change Act 2016. The Budget Policy Statement committed to ‘continue to mainstream climate change measures into all its projects and programmes’. Policies and regulations developed through support by this Joint Project include a new Climate Change Action Plan 13, a Climate Finance Policy for Kenya, the Green Economy Strategy and Implementation Plan (GESIP) 14. Kenya’s National Treasury, the changes have been remarkable, as they provide leadership in climate finance matters, and now have several climate finance instruments that will spur a resilient way of budgeting and financial management such as Green Bonds Initiative, a newly established GCF Kenya Office, and a budget coding within Kenya’s budgeting system, the Integrated Financial Management Systems (IFMIS). The place of the National Treasury was previously not fully acknowledged, but not anymore. In terms of strengthening County governance instruments for managing environmental challenges, the project realized an Environment Act for the Narok County 15.

In terms of sustainability, the groundwork by the project activities has subsequently led to Kenya’s strengthened climate finance instruments and tools, such as Kenya’s Green Climate Fund Strategy that has since been finalized, with four key Executing Entities being trained on GCF Project Proposal formulation.

8 Check Kenya Wildlife Service Website download at www.kws.go.ke/download/file/fid/2482; 9 Check News Website http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-12/23/c_136847685.htm; Nation Media Website - http://www.nation.co.ke/news/Elephants-buffalo-giraffes-population-increase-Judi-Wakhungu/1056-4239072-eaoe92z/index.html; The Business Daily https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/news/Conservation-elephant-poaching-decline-Africa-CITES/539546-4161886-mpifuoz/index.html; 10 Check KWS Website at http://www.kws.go.ke/content/mara-serengeti-aerial-elephant-census-launched; 11 GEF Project Implementation Report 2017_PIR_4490_Enhnacing Biodiversity Conservation in Greater Productive Southern Kenya Rangelands through a Landscape Approach 12 Check The National Treasury’s Budget Policy Statement available on http://www.treasury.go.ke/component/jdownloads/send/175-budget-statement/518-budget-statement-2017-18.html; 13 Check TV News Article accessible at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mgjhej_tOjY; 14 Check Press release by the Ministry of Environment at http://www.environment.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/GESIP-SAG-Networking_Press-Release-.pdf; also http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-07/27/c_136478261.htm; 15 Check Kenya Law website at http://kenyalaw.org/kl/fileadmin/pdfdownloads/bills/2017/NAROKCOUNTYENVIRONMENTMANAGEMENTBILL2017.pdf;

http://www.kws.go.ke/download/file/fid/2482

http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-12/23/c_136847685.htm

http://www.nation.co.ke/news/Elephants-buffalo-giraffes-population-increase-Judi-Wakhungu/1056-4239072-eaoe92z/index.html

https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/news/Conservation-elephant-poaching-decline-Africa-CITES/539546-4161886-mpifuoz/index.html

http://www.kws.go.ke/content/mara-serengeti-aerial-elephant-census-launched

http://www.treasury.go.ke/component/jdownloads/send/175-budget-statement/518-budget-statement-2017-18.html

http://www.treasury.go.ke/component/jdownloads/send/175-budget-statement/518-budget-statement-2017-18.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mgjhej_tOjY

http://www.environment.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/GESIP-SAG-Networking_Press-Release-.pdf

http://www.environment.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/GESIP-SAG-Networking_Press-Release-.pdf

http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-07/27/c_136478261.htm

http://kenyalaw.org/kl/fileadmin/pdfdownloads/bills/2017/NAROKCOUNTYENVIRONMENTMANAGEMENTBILL2017.pdf

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In addition, a long-term training program on Climate Change Policy, Planning and Budgeting has been prepared and will be implemented annually by the Kenya School of Government 16.

• Outputs Results:

As evidenced in the final Project Evaluation (attached), the Project achieved several the key outputs, across the three Output Areas during the entire project period. The Terminal Evaluation specifically highlighted the following outputs that were generally achieved:

• 50 officials from national institutions and 2 pilot country administrations trained in application

of MTEF Sector/County guidelines/procedures;

• Awareness of benefits from CC integration achieved;

• Two sector working groups apply guidelines for 2016-2017 budget;

• National level guideline/procedure approved;

• Key stakeholder identified and meetings held;

• NAMA Policy framework developed;

• Accreditation criteria and processes developed;

• 50 solar PV vendors in 5 major towns adopt the voluntary standard;

• 30 charcoal production associations install energy efficient charcoal production kilns;

• 1 County enacts its Environment Act (Narok County Environment Act 2017);

• Technologies improving wood-charcoal conversion of 50-60% introduced;

• Improved charcoal governance infrastructure with registration of the National Federation of Charcoal Producers;

• 1000 new jobs created and 500 qualities of jobs improved in 2013;

• 1000 new jobs created and 500 qualities of jobs improved in 2014;

• One national workshop for awareness increasing and with a focus on SUMPs integration and non-motorized transportation options;

• Low carbon transport plans incorporated into urban planning;

• Vehicle emission standards developed;

• National/regional workshop organized and media campaign to promote policies on cleaner, more fuel-efficient vehicles, incorporating vehicle labeling;

• Government reforms in the wildlife sector to reduce illegal wildlife trade in Kenya assessed and approved;

These were just some of the outputs that had been envisaged under the project. It is clear that many participating agencies tried to achieve these outputs, but were affected due to various factors including resource constraints, and competing demands by the Kenyan partners in terms of the areas that required support. Proactive project management also required a dynamic willingness to adapt to the new landscape, and therefore all the project outputs could not be achieved.

16 Check the Ministry of Environment website at http://www.environment.go.ke/?p=3672;

http://www.environment.go.ke/?p=3672

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• Qualitative assessment: From a program management perspective, a project that only cost a total of 1,100,000 USD in direct DFID funding, but which realized significant co-finance from the participating agencies achieved great results within the project’s lifetime. The results demonstrate that the breadth, scope and transformational nature of the project deliveries is impressive. In terms of catalyzing extra funding to UN Agencies, a clear result of leveraging new resources is the fact that UNDP raised an additional 10 Million USD from DFID under the Kenya Devolution Support Project, which specifically included a 4 Million International Climate Finance contribution ringfenced for climate change activities. The Terminal Evaluation proposes that ‘while the broader reform process across the UN may take longer, innovative projects such as this (or similar follow-up projects) can aim to move ahead, which helps showing the benefits of an integrated UN country-team approach internally, governments, stakeholders and funding agencies.’ It is therefore possible to deliver as one, and to collaborate and achieve developmental objectives of the partner supported by UN agencies, but more work is required to achieve the full potential in Joint Programs.

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Achieved Indicator Targets Reasons for Variance with Planned

Target (if any) Source of Verification

Outcome 117 Kenyans benefit from application of pro-poor and cross-sectoral CC adaptation and mitigation initiatives at national and county levels. The 5 outputs will contribute towards achieving the overall intended outcome as follows: Output 1 (UNDP/UNEP) Pro-poor CC adaptation and mitigation mainstreamed in national and sub-national planning and budgeting processes. Indicator 1.1 CPEBR Reports At least 10 workshops targeting 120 high level national (Treasury, Ministry of Devolution and Planning, MTEF sector working groups and CC Units in sectoral Ministries) and county governments officials trained in application of MTEF Sector/County guidelines/procedures that incorporate pro-poor CC adaptation and mitigation Baseline: Zero Climate Mainstreamed in budget process Planned Target: to influence the national 2016-2017 budget Indicator 1.2 (workshops in 3 national government line ministries; 4 county training workshops in 2 counties and 2 workshops (national and county) for cc adaptation and mitigation in MTP II monitoring) Planned Target:

1.1 Climate Public Expenditure and Budget Review Study (CPEBR) work on target (3 workshops, with over 60 participants trained)

1.2 Training of staff in pro-poor CC A&M budgeting and planning (Over 60 GoK staff participated)

CPEBR Report finalized. The entire CPEBR activities covered over 100 participants from Government of Kenya (National and County level)

Final CPEBR Report Kenya National Green Climate Finance

Strategy (accessible on UNDP website)

1.3 Support to 2 MTEF sector working groups

1.4 Identification and adoption of climate change adaptation and mitigation indicators in MTP II monitoring system (NIMES) finalized

Climate Change, Gender and Human Rights Indicators identified in National and County Indicators

The Medium-Term Plan II Handbook of National Indicators 2013-2019 Publication (accessible on UNDP website) The 47 Draft County Specific Indicator handbooks available on request

17 Note: Outcomes, outputs, indicators and targets should be as outlined in the Project Document so that you report on your actual achievements against planned targets. Add rows as required for Outcome 2, 3 etc.

ii) Indicator Based Performance Assessment:

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4 counties develop County Integrated Development Plans (CIDPs) that integrate climate change; At least 2 MTEF/Budget Policy statements reflect climate change budgetary allocations (e.g. Agriculture and Rural Development, and Environment, Water and Housing); 2 pilot county teams apply revised MTEF guidelines that support the inclusion of priority CC adaptation and mitigation programmes;

At least 2 approved MTEF Sector guidelines/procedures and Budget Chart of Accounts that incorporate pro-poor CC adaptation and mitigation. Output 2 (UNDP) Renewables and sustainable biomass production promoted in Arid and semiarid Lands Indicator 1.2.1

NAMA charcoal framework study and outline Baseline: Planned Target: Indicator 1.2.2

50 solar vendors accredited (Current baseline of 600 solar dealers nationally) Indicator 1.2.3

At least 6 charcoal producers in three counties, including Taita Taveta, Kwale and Machakos, to apply improved charcoal production technologies, resulting in 25% increase in efficiency i.e. energy efficient kilns as per UNDP SLMW

2.1 Study for development of a NAMA outline - for sustainable charcoal production in Kenya finalized

On target - The recruitment of Eco Act, a French firm, to support Kenya develop an appropriate NAMA Framework for charcoal Finalization of NAMA report for Charcoal and subsequent development of charcoal NAMA for Kenya

Final Report for the Charcoal NAMA by Eco-Act Final Charcoal NAMA for Kenya

2.2 Support to solar PV vendors to enable provision of good quality solar PV products and associated services through accreditation (50 vendors sensitized at national level) 2.3 Charcoal producing associations at the county level (Taita Taveta and Machakos Counties) formalize their leadership and governance structures, and apply sustainable charcoal production technologies - including modern energy efficient kilns. (Trainings of charcoal producer associations in Kwale and Taita Taveta counties completed)

On Target - *860# campaign currently running (with billboards in 13 towns popularizing number. (Bill Boards are accessible) On target - Procurement of portable metal kilns (9) Horizontal Drum Kilns (47) Vertical Drum Kilns (47) and Cassamance improved earthen ware kilns (47) for use in trainings programs for 3 sub counties in Taita Taveta (Mwatate, Wundanyi and Voi) ; three sub-counties in Kwale (Samburu, Kinango and Msambweni) and 5 sub-counties in Narok Counties. Trainings conducted in Taita Taveta (Mwatate and Voi sub-counties) and Kwale (Samburu sub-county). Trainings conducted in the 3 sub counties of kwale County. Two stakeholder meetings held in two sub-

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counties of Narok County. Outline of Training Guideline on Sustainable Charcoal Production developed for KEFRI.



Output 3 (UN ILO) Green buildings are promoted in the construction sector with associated benefits for employment, environmental improvement, social equity and economic prosperity Indicator 3.1. 50 new and / or retrofitted units of green buildings developed At least 3 media/publicity campaigns on green building principles, products, technologies and methods have reached 50,000 persons 3 demonstration units in three counties 3 counties with a draft policy and regulatory framework that stimulates appropriate building materials, skills, products and technologies 1,000 people trained in new/low carbon technologies, and green construction methods Baseline: Level of installed capacity of clean energy = 0 on the buildings targeted Number of public awareness campaigns on green building principles = 0 Limited data exists on number of counties with a draft policy and regulatory framework Limited data exists on the number of people in the MSMEs and stakeholders in building industry trained in new/low carbon technologies People with access to clean green building technologies in the housing units targeted by the project = 0

3.1 Conduct 3 media campaigns reaching at least 50,000 people 3.2 Conduct sector stakeholder awareness campaign on green building principles 3.3 Support drafting of national and county policy framework on green buildings. 3.4 Construction/ retrofitting of three demonstration units, replicated into at least 50 green buildings. 3.5 Build the capacity of 500 MSMEs in green construction value chain.

All the 5 indicators are on target and were met and in some instances exceeded. 3.1. Media strategy comprising varied media channels rolled out and have so far exceeded the 50,000-targeted people. 3.2. Several stakeholder awareness exercises and materials on green building principles have been delivered targeting various groups i.e. beneficiaries, MSMEs in green building value chain, building and construction professional bodies, school and communities. 3.4. Development the Eco Manyatta, Eco Lodges, Green Soko, and Green School concepts are underway with one (1) prototype standing. In 2016, the foreseeable replication exceeded the 50 green buildings being targeted. 3.5. So far ILO has trained just over 100 people in the green construction value chain. The training efforts were scaled up in 2016 to reach the desired targets.

All sources of verification attached as online links on the output’s narrative found in the previous pages.

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Planned Target:

KPI 2: At least 300 people benefit from and have access to clean green building technologies (in the 50 new or retrofitted housing units)

KPI 5: 200 green jobs created as a result of ICF support

KPI 6: At least 28,700 watts of new clean energy capacity installed (if information is available to accurately measure)



Output 4 (UNEP/UNHABITAT) Low carbon transport is included in the on-going urban planning processes and national policies are developed to promote importation of cleaner, more fuel efficient vehicles in Kenya. Indicator 1.2.1 - Percentage of low-emission vehicles increases by

30%

Indirect/low intensity support to create the enabling environment:

- 1 policy/legislation on integrated urban transport and import of cleaner vehicles taken up by government.

One sample county develops and adopts a Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP) that will impact on a target population of 100,000 Baseline: 0.02% of imported light duty vehicles were low-emission as at end of 2012 Planned Target: - A framework for assessing sustainable and

integrated transport systems at the city level presented to 50 high level policy makers.

- Feebate policy (to encourage higher uptake of

4.1 Provide technical expertise on urban mobility planning for the selected county/counties under the World Bank NuTRIP and NaMSIP programmes

• Technical assistance is being provided to develop a SUMP in Ruiru Town, Kiambu County (for more details, refer to narrative report)

Stakeholder support towards the project was time-demanding; But strong institutional ownership has been achieved

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low emission vehicles) developed.

- Report on taxation levels and other incentives to encourage import of cleaner vehicles.

4.2 Support development of integrated urban transport strategies at national level

• Nairobi NMT Policy launched on 17th March 2015.

• 18.2% of annual road construction budget for NCCG ring-fenced for NMT infrastructure.

• Over 30 attendees at launch event.

• Policy on Nairobi City County Government and UNEP website.

Completed Website Here!

See attached NMT Policy for Nairobi and workshop reports to initiate the NMT policy development process and launch the finalized policy.

4.3 Develop a tax system for Kenya on cleaner vehicles importation (including a feebate program, labelling system etc)

• The excise duty for newly imported vehicles became effective end of November 2015. The excise duty, initially a flat rate at 20% of the value of the car is now differentiated at Kshs.200,000 for vehicles older than 3 years and Kshs.150,000 for vehicle’s less than 3 years of age.

• A taxation proposal that includes a feebate program, vehicle labelling system and new vehicle purchase scheme for Kenya has been developed and is currently being reviewed by the national task team overseeing the project.

Completed

See attached fee-bate proposal and the excise duty bill.

Check website Here



http://www.unep.org/Transport/sharetheroad/PDF/Nairobi%20NMT%20PolicyFINAL_17%20March%202015.pdf

http://www.unep.org/transport/gfei/autotool/case_studies/africa/kenya/cs_af_ke_0.asp#p4

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Output 5 Governance reforms in the wildlife sector contribute to reducing illegal wildlife trade in Kenya Indicator 5.1

Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions adopts a handbook/guide on Standard Operating Procedures for prosecuting wildlife crimes. Baseline: 0 target: 1 All prosecutors and judges/Magistrates in courts with jurisdiction over conservation areas are aware of existing and new wildlife laws Baseline: 0 Target: 100% Office of the Chief Justice develops sentencing guidelines for wildlife crimes Baseline: 0 Target: 1 MEWNR develops a memorandum of proposed legislative changes to the Wildlife Conservation and Management Law Baseline: 0 Target:1

Baseline:

Number of tools developed and adopted to support intelligence-based national enforcement efforts Baseline: 0 Target: 2 Number of education and awareness programmes initiated and tools developed and disseminated Baseline: 0 Target: 2 Number of strategic partnerships signed to leverage greater coverage Baseline: 0 Target: 4 Number of wildlife conservation stakeholder consultations conducted Baseline: 0 Target: 1 Compendium of alternative livelihood opportunities linked to wildlife trafficking and shared benefits from wildlife developed and disseminated

Baseline: 0 Target: 1

5.1 Support to implementing priority recommendations from the Inter-Agency Wildlife Security Task Force Report and other coordination efforts at national level to address illegal wildlife trade.

5.2 UNEP and the Kenya Government (Ministry of Environment and Regional Development Authorities) have developed a program for finalizing the National Policy on Wildlife. The lack of policy was identified as a key hindrance for the Government in designing laws relating to county governments, dealing with the international community especially on issues related to trade in and/ or donation of species of wild fauna and flora.

5.3 UNEP and the Kenya Magistrates and Judges Association concluded the development of training material and curricula on environmental law for Judges and Magistrates in Kenya. Over 7 trainings were then conducted covering judges and magistrates in all the counties in Kenya.

5.4 Pursuant to the said agreement, UNEP supported the drafting of a training manual and the holding of a three-day validation workshop to review the draft curriculum.

5.5 Capacity development for prosecutors and judges/magistrates undertaken, through a series of five (5) workshops which reached a total of 85 judiciary staff in 2016

5.6 Development of overarching campaign and communications products to support national and international efforts

Report on Livelihoods Study accessible here

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5.7 50,000 pieces of posters and fliers with

messages on campaigns against illegal wildlife trade were printed and delivered.

5.8 Social media campaign undertaken within 2016 with some good results reported (Review narrative report).

5.9 A radio campaign against wildlife crimes undertaken, with a good number of radio advertisements being used. The radio announcements and the social media campaigns run throughout the year.

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iii) Evaluation, Best Practices and Lessons Learned

The Project underwent the Terminal Evaluation process in 2017. The Terminal Evaluation of the Project notes the following: “…The project has delivered on its main objectives. However, there are several areas where improvements to the project approach, management and delivery can help boosting the impact of the project and ensure its sustainability. This includes adopting a more structured approach throughout the various components of a joint-UN project, aiming for better policy integration, plan for a long-term engagement that ensures the sustainability of the engagement, focus on the UN´s role as facilitator of the policy dialogue and deliver as One-UN and show the benefits of this approach internally and externally…” The Terminal Evaluation makes the following recommendations in terms of strengthening future UN Joint Programming. 1. Structured approach towards implementation 2. Policy integration and packaging 3. Plan for a long-term engagement 4. Facilitate high-level policy dialogue and peer learning 5. Deliver projects as One-UN

On Delivering as One, the recommendation notes the following: “….One of the key aspects that led to the structure of this project from the perspective of the funding agency was the idea to utilize the convening power, but also the thematic expertise of different UN agencies under one umbrella. This is very much in line with the UN reform process to deliver as one. To deliver on the “Deliver as One” objective and to react on demands from funding agencies and partner governments the UN agencies need to streamline their processes in Kenya (and other countries of operation). This applies to

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the level of programmes and projects, systems and procurement processes, budget, project management and quality control. While the broader reform process across the UN may take longer, innovative projects such as this (or similar follow-up projects) can aim to move ahead, which helps showing the benefits of an integrated UN country-team approach internally, governments, stakeholders and funding agencies….”

United Nations Development Programme

Final

Evaluation Report for the Terminal Evaluation of the

“UN Joint Project on Climate Change - Support to Low Carbon Climate Resilient Development for Poverty Reduction in Kenya”

Author: Oliver Lah

20 July 2017

Final Evaluation Report Evaluation Report for the Terminal Evaluation of the “UN Joint Project on Climate Change - Support to Low Carbon Climate Resilient Development for Poverty Reduction in Kenya”

2

List of acronyms & abbreviations

AECF African Enterprise Challenge Fund

TE Terminal Evaluation

UNEP United Nations Environment Programme

UNHABITAT United Nations Human Settlements Programme

UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

ILO International Labour Organization

UNDP United Nations Development Programme

NCCAP National Climate Change Action Plan

KEREA Kenya Renewable Energy Association

KCIC Kenya Climate Innovation Center

MEWNR Ministry of Environment, Water and Natural Resources

MPTF Office The Multi-Partner Trust Fund Office

MTP Medium Term Plan

PSC Programme Steering Committee

CPEBR Climate Public Expenditure and Budget Review

DFID Department for International Development UK

REACT Renewable Energy and Adaptation to Climate Technologies

Act! Act Change Transform

FICCF Finance Innovation for Climate Change Fund

CCCF County Climate Change Fund


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Table of Contents

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5

I. INTRODUCTION 9

BACKGROUND 9 OBJECTIVES, APPROACH AND LIMITATION OF THE EVALUATION 9

II. THE PROJECT BACKGROUND 10

2.1 CONTEXT 10 2.2 OBJECTIVES AND COMPONENTS 11 2.3 TARGET AREAS/GROUPS 13 2.3.1 STAKEHOLDERS 13 2.4 MILESTONES/KEY DATES IN PROJECT DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION 14 2.5 IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS 15 2.6 PROJECT FINANCING 16 2.7 RECONSTRUCTED THEORY OF CHANGE OF THE PROJECT 17

III. EVALUATION FINDINGS 21

III. RECOMMENDATIONS 24

ANNEXES 29

ANNEX 1. LIST OF INDIVIDUALS CONSULTED 29 ANNEX 2. DOCUMENTS REVIEWED FOR THE EVALUATION REPORT 30 ANNEX 3: PLANNED BUDGET AND EXPENDITURES 31 ANNEX 5. BRIEF CVS OF THE EVALUATOR 41


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1. PROJECT BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW

1. Project General Information

Table 1: Project Identification Table for the UN Joint Project on Climate Change Project

Project Title Support to low carbon climate resilient development for poverty reduction in Kenya

UNDP Project ID: 00090583 at endorsement (Million US$)

at completion (Million US$)

UNDP Award ID: 00081421 DFID financing: USD 1,896,551.72

Country: Kenya UNDP 110,000

Region Africa Government:

Focal Area: Climate Change Other:

FA Objectives, (OP/SP):

Total co-financing:

Executing Agency:

Ministry of Environment, Natural Resources

Total Project Cost:

2,006,551.72

Other Partners involved:

The National Treasury Ministry of Devolution and Planning MED

ProDoc Signature (date project began):

1st April 2014

(Operational) Closing Date:

Proposed: 31st Mar 2017

Actual: 31st March 2017


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. The “UN Joint Project on Climate Change – Support to Low Carbon Climate Resilient

Development for Poverty Reduction in Kenya” provided support to local, county and national

government entities in Kenya to contribute to the transition to allow carbon climate resilient

development pathway, reducing the country´s vulnerability to climate risk and improving

livelihoods while contributing towards the five following outputs:

a. Pro-poor CC adaption and mitigation mainstreamed in national and sub-national

planning and budgeting processes,

b. Renewables and sustainable biomass production promoted in arid and semi-arid

lands,

c. Green buildings are promoted in the construction sector with associated benefits for

employment, environmental improvement, social equity and economy prosperity,

d. Low carbon transport is included in the on-going urban planning processes and

national policies are developed to promote importation of cleaner, more fuel-efficient

vehicles and

e. Governance reforms in the wildlife sector contribute to reducing illegal wildlife trade

in Kenya.

2. The project has delivered on its main objectives. However, there are a number of areas where

improvements to the project approach, management and delivery can help boosting the

impact of the project and ensure its sustainability. This includes adopting a more structured

approach throughout the various components of a joint-UN project, aiming for better policy

integration, plan for a long-term engagement that ensures the sustainability of the

engagement, focus on the UN´s role as facilitator of the policy dialogue and deliver as One-

UN and show the benefits of this approach internally and externally.

Figure 1 Recommendation summary

3. The focus of this evaluation is on the 3-year duration of the UN Joint Project on Climate

Change, funded by the Department of International Development (DFID) UK. The strengths of


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the project are the strong focus on achieving the five dedicated outputs and the interplay

among the different UN agencies (UNDP, UNEP, UN-Habitat, UN-ILO, UNESCO).

4. The Joint UN project was part of a wider StARCK+ program funded by Department for

International Development (DFID), which included support for the Kenya Climate Innovation

Center (KCIC), African Enterprise Challenge Fund (AECF) – Renewable Energy and Adaptation

to Climate Technologies (REACT), Act Change Transform (Act!), County Climate Change Fund

CCCF), Finance Innovation for Climate Change Fund (FICCF) and a Technical Assistance

component to the Government of Kenya.

5. The intended role of the Joint UN Project on Climate Change was to fill some of the perceived

gaps in the wider StARCK+ program and to facilitate the engagement with government officials

to raise the profile of the program and boost its impact.

Delivering on the objectives

6. The climate change mainstreaming component of the project identified climate related

finance and investments in national and sub-national planning and budgeting processes and

developed a review document and a budget coding framework,

7. Renewables and sustainable biomass production was promoted by campaigns and trainings

for the deployment of Photovoltaics and energy efficient charcoal kilns,

8. Green buildings were promoted through policy advice and the development of pilot projects

in rural areas,

9. Low carbon transport was fostered by policy advice on fuel economy and non-motorized

transport measures and improved urban planning processes,

10. Efforts to reduce illegal wildlife trade in Kenya were supported by policy advice and awareness

campaigns.

Relevance

11. The project has covered some of the key areas of domestic climate policy in Kenya, delivered

in a one-UN approach by five UN agencies, in which the relevant UN agencies are responsible

for tasks that build on their respective strengths and mandates.

12. The National Climate Change Action Plan and the Climate Change Act (2016) are setting an

ideal policy framework at the national level for which implementation action support can be

provided in a targeted and impactful manner.

13. The topics covered in the project were considered highly relevant and complementary to the

rest of the StARCK+ program.

14. The project builds on earlier activities to prepare fuel economy baseline data and policy

proposals and continued to propose concrete policies, which gives the Kenyan government

the means to review its vehicle taxation to include climate change mitigation actions. The

UNEP component related directly to the activities as part of the Global Fuel Economy

Initiative, which gave the opportunity to incorporate their vast global experiences.


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15. Relevance in terms of changes to the environment will gain traction when the government

steps up awareness on effects of CO2 emissions supported with scientific data and baseline

upon which changes are monitored. Integration of climate change monitoring requires

planning overseen by professionals with in-depth knowledge of climate change and the

contribution of transport.

Effectiveness

16. The project has delivered inputs into several policy outcomes, has provided trainings and

facilitated policy dialogue across key policy areas, although at different levels of depth.

17. The United Nations agencies were considered to come with a competitive advantage

regarding government and policy relationships. While there was active interaction with

government entities in several components, the project may not have risen to the level of

prominence in the respective agencies as the components were then comparatively small,

which may have affected the ability of senior management staff to actively engage in the

project and the policy dialogue. This is also due to the fact that resources were largely needed

to develop technical content.

18. To deliver on the “Deliver as One” objective and to react on demands from funding agencies

and partner governments the UN agencies need to streamline their processes in Kenya (and

other countries of operation). This applies to the level of programmes and projects, systems

and procurement processes, budget, project management and quality control.

19. A larger common vision for the project as a whole could have provided more focus to the

individual components and could have helped linking the project better to other StARCK+

funded projects.

20. Direct provision of technical content and support by UN staff can be faster and sometimes

more effective than engagement of consultants, which often takes longer because of the

procurement process. Joint procurement for all agencies of a pool of experts at the beginning

of the project would help mitigating that.

Efficiency

21. The coordination and management from the side of UNDP was considered to be efficient by

other UN agencies.

22. There was active government engagement in several of the project components. However,

this was often limited to the working level with active political engagement being limited to

only some components.

23. The project provided a useful opportunity to link local and national government levels, along

with civil society and businesses across several relevant sectors. Considering the variety of

tasks and stakeholders it is challenging to seek interlinkages, bit for similar future activities it

may be an option to set-up dedicated task that aims to foster interdisciplinary exchange,


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which contribute to a broader picture on the UN mandate, seeking synergies within the UN

agencies and providing a higher profile of the project.

Sustainability

24. Stakeholders and government officials have emphasised the value of Institutional capacity

building and would like to see continuity in this. Capacity building efforts should not stop with

the development of policy advice or even with the adoption of policies, but should continue

during the implementation and enforcement of policies. Supporting the development of

policies and their implementation is a highly relevant and useful contribution of the project to

government operations. However, supporting the next level in the policy implementation

process of was considered to be equally relevant.

25. Regarding the timeliness of policy advice, several stakeholders mentioned that support could

not always be provided as swiftly as it may have been desirable. Occasionally the processes

within the government and within the UN are not in sync, which means that the demand for

advice and the supply of advice are not always aligned and that time can be wasted in the

administrative process, e.g. to hire a consultant.

26. The table below provides a summary of the evaluation ratings, more details can be found in

section III.

Table 2 Summary of the evaluation ratings

Criterion Rating

A. Strategic relevance S

B. Achievement of outputs MS C. Effectiveness: Attainment of project objectives and results S

1. Achievement of direct outcomes MS

2. Likelihood of impact ML

3. Achievement of project goal and planned objectives MS

D. Sustainability and replication ML

1. Financial L

2. Socio-political L

3. Institutional framework ML

4. Environmental L

5. Catalytic role and replication MS

E. Efficiency S

F. Factors affecting project performance S

Overall project rating MS Note: Highly Satisfactory (HS), Satisfactory (S), Moderately Satisfactory (MS); Moderately Unsatisfactory (MU); Unsatisfactory

(U); Highly Unsatisfactory (HU). Sustainability is rated from Highly Likely (HL) down to Highly Unlikely (HU)


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I. INTRODUCTION

Background

27. Five UN Agencies - UNDP, UNHABITAT, UNESCO, ILO and UNEP – have been working together on the development and implementation of the UN Joint Climate Change Project.

28. The priorities for this project was the mainstreaming with other UNDP priorities, including poverty alleviation, improved governance, the prevention and recovery from natural disasters, and gender. This evaluation will focus on the successful implementation and the mainstreaming of participation from the other UN Agencies participating against their areas of importance.

29. The project´s target to “support low carbon climate resilient development for poverty reduction in Kenya” is also the guiding principle of the project.

30. This project highlights the need to give effect to the National Climate Change Action Plan 2013-2017, which stipulates the need to mainstream Climate Change adaptation and mitigation measures in national and county planning and budgeting processes, and in all sectors of the economy to further Kenya´s people-centered development strategy.

31. The focus of this evaluation of the UN Joint Climate Change Programme “Support to low climate resilient development for poverty reduction in Kenya” is on the duration of three years, funded by the DFID UK.

Objectives, approach and limitation of the evaluation

32. This Terminal Evaluation (TE) will focus on the three-year duration of the project and will assess whether the project´s implementation strategies are consistent with its objectives, the achievements of the project results and it will draw lessons to improve the sustainability of benefits from this project and help to the overall enhancement of UNDP programmes. The TE will discuss about the projects activities, as well as the activities from collaborating partners. The TE will also briefly discuss the project´s relevance and alignment with the UNDP priorities as part of its policies and procedures.

33. The project´s performance is assessed in terms of relevance, effectiveness and efficiency; direct and indirect outcomes and impacts of the project and its sustainability. The evaluation assesses the project´s relevance in relation to UNDP´s mandate and its alignment with UNDP´s policies and strategies at the time of the projects approval. For this, an analysis of the project documentation as well as interviews with the project team contributed to a better understanding on the link between project objectives and outputs and the relevant UNDP Programme. This evaluation report outlines the findings, conclusions and recommendations of the evaluation and summarises some basic information about the UN Joint project. The Theory of Change is also used as a basis for this evaluation.

34. The evaluation and its recommendations are based on evidence gathered during the evaluation process, which included interviews with the project team and stakeholders and analysis of reports and deliverables documented in this report. The information presented in this evaluation report was verified from different sources, e.g. findings from reports were verified through interviews and vice-versa. Where verification was not possible the single


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source is mentioned in the relevant statement. The evaluation takes a participatory approach by engaging closely with the project team and the stakeholders during the evaluation and incorporating their feedback.

35. The key questions for this evaluation, as outlined in the evaluation terms of reference, were:

a) Relevance: How does the project relate to the main objectives of the UN focal area, and to the environment and development priorities at the local, regional and national level?

b) Effectiveness: To what extent have the expected outcome and objectives of the project been achieved?

c) Efficiency: Was the project implemented efficiently, in-line with international and national norms and standards?

d) Sustainability: To what extent are there financial, institutional, social-economic, and/or environmental risks to sustaining long-term project results?

e) Impact: Are there indications that the project has contributed to, or enables progress toward, reduced environmental stress and/or improved ecological status?

36. The evaluation reflects on an analysis of reports, outputs, documentations of workshops and interviews with the project team and stakeholders. Statements have been verified through triangulation with available sources. However, an assessment of the causal relationship between the project, its outputs and the final impact in the key policy areas is not part of the scope of this evaluation.

37. The evaluation has been completed by Oliver Lah and provides one overall perspective on the project´s activities and recommendations. This included the development of the methodology and assessment of all activities carried out.

II. THE PROJECT BACKGROUND

2.1 Context

38. The following sections will describe briefly the concept and objective of UNDP and the project. The report will refer to “the project” when referring to the UN Joint Climate Change Programme “Support to low climate resilient development for poverty reduction in Kenya” that is the subject of this evaluation.

39. In relation to the United Nations Development Assistant Framework (UNDAF) the project is in line with the outcome 3.2 “Enhancing environment management for economic growth with equitable access to energy services and response to climate change”.

40. Five UN Agencies - UNDP, UNHABITAT, UNESCO, ILO and UNEP – have been working together on the development and implementation of the UN Joint Climate Change Project.

41. The priorities for this project was the mainstreaming with other UNDP priorities, including poverty alleviation, improved governance, the prevention and recovery from natural


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disasters, and gender. This evaluation will focus on the successful implementation and the mainstreaming of participation from the other UN Agencies participating against their areas of importance.

42. The project´s target to “support low carbon climate resilient development for poverty reduction in Kenya” is also the guiding principle of the project”.

43. This project highlights the need to give effect to the National Climate Change Action Plan 2013-2017, which stipulates the need to mainstream CC adaptation and mitigation measures in national and county planning and budgeting processes, and in all sectors of the economy to further Kenya´s people-centered development strategy.

2.2 Objectives and components

44. The objective of the project was to support Kenya´s transition to a low carbon climate resilient development pathway reducing the country´s vulnerability to climate risk and improving livelihoods.

45. The overall objective of the project is to “support low carbon climate resilient development for poverty reduction in Kenya”. Kenya will benefit from application of pro-poor and cross-sectoral CC adaptation and mitigation initiatives at national and sub-national levels.

46. In addition, the Project seeks to actualize the UN´s commitment of “Delivering as One” aptly captured in the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) for Kenya under Outcome 3.2 “Enhanced environment management for economic growth with equitable access to energy services and response to climate change.1

47. The project started with 5 overall planned outputs, in which 20 activities have been formulated, which also provided their outputs.

48. Output 1 “Pro poor CC adaptation and mitigation mainstreamed in national and sub-national planning and budgeting processes” had the following planned activities: 1. Climate Public Expenditure and Budget Review (CPEBR) Studies, which delivered the “Finalization of Kenya´s first Climate Public Expenditure & Budget Review and Budget Coding. 2. Training of staff in pro-poor CC A&M budgeting and planning, which delivered “3 workshops in 3 national governments, 4 training workshops, technical assistance”; 3. Support to two MTEF sector working groups, which resulted in “the production of briefing notes and training manuals”; 4. Identification and adoption of climate change adaptation and mitigation indicators in MTP II monitoring system, which delivered the “recruitment of consultants, indicator study, two workshops on NIMES indicators for NCCAP monitoring and a study on expenditure and progress reporting against NCCAP”; 5. Support to the PMU, which had the following outputs “remuneration of the Project Officer, PSC meetings and related workshops and a terminal evaluation”.

49. Output 2 “Renewables and sustainable biomass production promoted in Arid and semiarid Lands” had the following planned activities: 1. Developing a study for development of a NAMA outline for sustainable charcoal production in Kenya”, which resulted in the “recruitment of a

1 Reporting Period: 1 January – 31 December 2015, UN Joint Programme on Climate Change Annual Programme Narrative Report, 2016.


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consultancy firm to conduct the NAMA study, stakeholder workshops, NAMA study validation workshops and stakeholder sensitization and training workshops”; 2. Support the solar PV vendors to enable provision of good quality solar PV products, which delivered “Accreditation criteria and processes, 5 regional consultative workshops to present and refine developed criteria to stakeholders and the promotion of the developed voluntary accreditation system to 100 solar PV vendors in 5 towns”, 3. Charcoal producing associations at the county level formalize their leadership and governance structures, which delivered the “implementation of auditing and testing process for the first set of 50 interested vendors, a rapid need assessments of participatory development, training of identified Charcoal Producer Associations in Taita Taveta and Kwale Counties associations, introduction and demonstration of appropriate energy efficient kilns in the two counties, as well as outreach and marketing; and preparation of the Narok Environment Act 2017”.

50. Output 3 “Green buildings are promoted in the construction sector with associated benefits for employment, environmental improvement, social equity and economy prosperity, which had the following planned activities: 1. Conduct 3 media campaigns reaching at least 50,000 people, which resulted in the “development of a national media campaign, assess and identify potential media partners, sensitize and build capacity of identified media partners to develop appropriate content for dissemination and partner with identified media partners to implement the media campaign strategy”; 2. Conduct sector stakeholder awareness campaign on green building principles, which resulted in “conducting a situation analysis on sector in Kenya, document a business case and measure the change in level of appreciation on building principles”; 3. Support drafting of national and county policy framework on green building, which “facilitated the formation of a policy review steering committee, conduct an assessment of existing policy framework in the building and construction sector and developed recommendations and guidelines to facilitate dialogue on policy change in greening the building and construction industry and promoting the decent work agenda”; 4. Construction/retrofitting of three demonstration units, replicated into at least 50 green buildings, which resulted in the “identification of opportunities and build partnerships for developing demonstration units, contribute to the development of new/retrofitted green building demonstration units and partner with developers for replication of green building models”; 5 Build the capacity of 500 MSMEs in green construction value chain, which delivered the “conduction of a needs assessment survey for training and capacity building of the MSMEs, workers and their associations in green building, reviewing and adoption relevant existing tools for green construction and working conditions, facilitation of trainings and capacity buildings of MSMEs, workers and associations using the adopted tools and improving working conditions and the conduction of follow-up survey to measure results of training and capacity building”.

51. Output 4 “Low carbon transport is included in the on-going urban planning processes and policies are developed to promote importation of cleaner, more fuel-efficient vehicles in Kenya, which had the following activities: 1. Provide technical expertise on urban mobility planning for the selected county/countries under the World Bank NuTRIP and NaMSIP programmes, which delivered the “selection of the counties to be supported and review of their urban plans, technical support on preparing Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans for the selected urban area and carry out at least 5 training for the selected urban areas on preparation of SUMP using Rapid Assessment methodology”; 2. Support development of integrated urban transport strategies at national level, which resulted “technical expertise to prepare draft policies/legislation on integrated urban transport, support on national workshop to present the draft policies and present Sustainable Urban Mobility Strategies and NMT policy guidelines and develop, print and distribute policy recommendation to


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stakeholders”; 3. Develop a tax system for Kenya on cleaner vehicle importation, which delivered the “support of the development of a tax structure and incentives to promote import of cleaner vehicles, support one international technical dialogue to present the tax proposal and other incentives and the support of the printing and online version of the policy recommendation on cleaner vehicles”; 4. Support the dissemination of the recommendations on cleaner vehicles, resulted in the “organization of an inter-ministerial policy session for decision makers, support the preparation of cleaner vehicle standards, conduct 1 East African training on the tax structure and other incentives to promote import of cleaner vehicles”.

52. Output 5 “Governance reforms in the wildlife sector contribute to reducing illegal wildlife trade in Kenya”, which had the following planned activities: 1. Support to implementing priority recommendations from the Inter-Agency Wildlife Security Task Force Report and other coordination efforts at national level, which resulted in “support GoK in convening inter-agency meetings to identify and initiate collaboration on implementing agreed priority recommendations of the Inter-Agency Wildlife Security Task Force Report, review of early indication and implementation results of Wildlife Conservation Management Bill, conduct stakeholder consultations with representatives from civil society to support engagement in national coordination efforts and to plan joint training workshop session including government officials, civil society and private sector for sensitization”; 2. Capacity development for prosecutors and judges/magistrates, which delivered “review of existing laws and processes to identify issue an regional areas of weak implementation, development and compilation of at least 2 tools to support intelligence-based national enforcement efforts, incl. standard operating procedures and sentencing guidelines for wildlife crime and Capacity development workshops for selected prosecutor4s/judges/magistrates based on above reviews and tools development”, 3. Development of overarching campaign and communications products to support national and international efforts, which resulted in “Raising profile of GoK´s efforts to address IWT, targeted media partnerships to support dissemination, leverage existing and potential high profile personalities and UNEP Goodwill Ambassadors, build strategic alliances with private sector and NGO´s and review alternative livelihood opportunities linked to wildlife trafficking and shared benefits from wildlife could be improved”.

2.3 Target areas/groups

2.3.1 Stakeholders

53. As a policy oriented project the project team had to engage closely with stakeholders, including policy decision-makers, industry and civil society. The documents provided and the interviews gave an overview of the national stakeholders, including those representing civil society and relevant ministries.

Table 3: Project teams and stakeholders interviewed

Key Stakeholders Individuals INSTITUTION/ROLE

Government of Kenya Dr. Charles Mutai Ag. Director, National Climate Change Secretariat (NCCS)

Government of Kenya Mr. Stephen King’uyu Focal Point - NCCS Government of Kenya Mr. David Kiboi Focal Point - Ministry of Devolution and

Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation Department

Government of Kenya Mr. Peter Odhengo Focal Point – The National Treasury


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KEFRI Dr. James Kimondo Charcoal consultant KEFRI Dr. Nellie Oduor Charcoal consultant KEREA Cliff Solar PV consultant KEREA Kristen Wanyama Solar PV consultant DFID Dr. Sabita Thapa Climate Change Adviser

DFID Kenya & Somalia, British High Commission

DFID Ms. Elizabeth Mwihaki Focal Point – Climate Change StARCK+ Management Noelle O’Brien DFID/FICCF StARCK+ Management Deborah Murphy DFID/FICCF UNDP Ms. Sheila Ngatia Head of Programs UNDP Mr. David Githaiga Focal Point

UNDP Team Leader – Energy, Environment and Climate Change Units

UNEP Mr. Rob de Jong UNEP Transport UNEP Mr. Henry Ndede UNEP Kenya Country Programme UNEP Mr. Levis Kavagi UNEP Wildlife Work UNEP Allan Meso UNEP – Wildlife Work UNEP Ms. Jane Akumu Focal Point – Transport Work UNEP Ms. Bianca Narbataloo Focal Point – Wildlife Work UNESCO Karalyn Monteil Focal Point

Programme Specialist UNESCO Regional Office for Eastern Africa

UNESCO Vitalice Fredrick Ochieng

Focal Point UNESCO consultant

UNHabitat Mr. Debashish Bhattacharjee

Focal Point

UNHabitat Ms. Priscilla Muchibwa UNHABITAT UNHabitat Ms. Rahab Mundara UNHABITAT UN ILO Ms. Alice Mwaisaka National Project Coordinator

2.4 Milestones/key dates in project design and implementation

54. The described Milestones has been termed Outputs in the TE:

• 50 officials from national institutions and 2 pilot country administrations trained in application of MTEF Sector/County guidelines/procedures

• Awareness of benefits from CC integration achieved

• Two sector working groups apply guidelines for 2016-2017 budget

• National level guideline/procedure approved

• Key stakeholder identified and meetings held

• NAMA Policy framework developed

• Accreditation criteria and processes developed


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• 50 solar PV vendors in 5 major towns adopt the voluntary standard

• 30 charcoal production associations install energy efficient charcoal production kilns

• 1 County enacts its Environment Act (Narok County Environment Act 2017)

• Technologies improving wood-charcoal conversion of 50-60% introduced

• Improved charcoal governance infrastructure with registration of the National Federation of Charcoal Producers

• 1000 new jobs created and 500 quality of jobs improved in 2013

• 1000 new jobs created and 500 quality of jobs improved in 2014

• One national workshop for awareness increasing and with a focus on SUMPs integration and non-motorized transportation options

• Low carbon transport plans incorporated into urban planning

• Vehicle emission standards developed

• National/regional workshop organized and media campaign to promote policies on cleaner, more fuel efficient vehicles, incorporating vehicle labeling

• Government reforms in the wildlife sector to reduce illegal wildlife trade in Kenya assessed and approved

2.5 Implementation arrangements

55. UNDP was the Implementation Agency of the project in collaboration with UN HABITAT,

UNESCO, UN ILO, UNEP and UNIDO.

56. Each of the five partners played a part in implementing the project, e.g. workshops, training, and has been specialized in certain tasks/areas as follows:

57. Collaborating Partners included: Ministry of Devolution and Planning, , Ministry of Energy and Petroleum, Ministries of Labour, Social Security and Services; Industrialization and Enterprise Development; Land, Housing and Urban Development; Environment, Water and Natural Resources.

58. No Mid-term review has been conducted.

59. The Joint Programme has appointed a Programme Steering Committee (PSC), which oversees overseeing the implementation process. The Steering Committee is chaired by the Government with UN Agencies co-chairing for their respective output.

60. Implementing Partners: Ministry of Environment, Water and Natural Resources (MEWNR), Ministry of Devolution and Planning, The National Treasury, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum, Ministry of Labour, Social Security and Services, Ministry of Industrialization and Enterprise Development, Ministry of Land, Housing and Urban Development, Kenya Renewable Energy Association (KEREA)


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2.6 Project financing

61. The estimated budget was calculated at USD 1,833,332 from DFID and USD 110,000 from UN Agencies.

62. Additional funding has been required (181,000 $) for the last period and came from: DFID (89,000 $), UN Agencies (30,000 $), AusAID (28.000 $) and GCF (34,000 $).

63. The total budget of the project amounted to USD 1,170,177 (DFID) until 2014 and USD 607,441 (DFID) in 2015, a total of USD 1,777,618. The total amount of USD 1,759,841 has been transferred to 5 UN Agencies.

Table 4: Budget by funding recipient

Grants Planned $ Actual $

UNDP KE 1,000,000 946,304

UNEP 277,433 274,552

ILO 333,333 333,333

UNESCO 133,333 119,712

UN-Habitat 89,233 85,937

1,833,332 1,759,841

Table 5: Planned project costs

Category UNDP ILO UN-Habitat UNESCO UNEP

Staff & Personnel Costs 151,636 43,809 12,403 18,467 38,811

Supplies, commodities and materials

114,813 139,672 7,458 6,822 21,578

Equipment, vehicles, furniture and depreciation

68,467 - - - -

Contractual Services 426,442 65,753 38,315 90,640 162,374

Travel 20,488 25,425 16,734 - 13,626

Transfer and Grants 79,000 - - - -

General Operating 73,733 36,867 8,485 8,681 22,895

Costs Total 934,579 311,526 83,395 124,610 259,284

Indirect Support Costs 65,421 21,807 5,838 8,723 18,150

Total 1,000,000 333,333 89,233 133,333 277,434

Table 6: Actual costs

Account Approved budget Expenditure Approved Budget $1.759.841,00 Joint Prog Expend-Transf Indirect costs $106.937,91 Agency Return of Transfer $0,00 Staff & Personnel Cost $437.922,34 Suppl, Comm, Materials $13.787,12 Equip, Veh, Furn, Depn $18.353,02


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Contratual Services $413.206,33 TRAVEL $210.428,67 Transfer and Grants $49.030,69 General Operating $440.802,09

Table 7: Funding status

Funds with Administrative Agent Contributions from Donors 1777618,36 Interest and Investment Income (from Fund) 991,63 Interest (from Participating Organizations) 720,00 Total source of funds 1,779329,99 Transferred to Participating Organizations 1759841 Refunds from Participating Organizations -1204,21 Administrative Agent Fee 17776,18 Direct Cost 0 Bank Charges 10,99 Total use of funds 1776423,96 Balance with Administrative Agent 2906,03 As a percentage of contributions 0,2%

Funds with Participating Organizations Transfers to Participation Organizations 1759841 Total resources 1759841 Participating Organizations' Expenditure 1690468,17 Refunds from Participating Organizations 1204,21 Total expenses 1691672,38 Balance with Participating Organizations 68168,62 As a percentage of transfers 3,9%

Total Balance of Funds 71074,65 As a percentage of contributions 4,0%

2.7 Reconstructed Theory of Change of the project

Output-outcome relationship

64. Terms have been used inconsistently in different documents of the project. The TOR described outputs, while describing the same as outcomes in the annual reports (2014/2015). The TE will take the TOR as reference point and recommends the following change of terms:

65. The project focuses on 5 expected Outcomes:

• Outcome 1: Pro-poor CC adaption and mitigation mainstreamed in national and sub-national planning and budgeting processes (UNDP/UNEP)

• Outcome 2: Renewables and sustainable biomass production promoted in Arid and semiarid Lands (UNDP/KEREA)


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• Outcome 3: Green buildings are promoted in the construction sector with associated benefits for employment, environmental improvement, social equity and economic prosperity (ILO)

• Outcome 4: Low carbon transport is included in the on-going urban planning processes and national policies are developed to promote importation of cleaner, more fuel-efficient vehicles in Kenya (UNHABITAT/UNEP)

• Outcome 5: Governance reforms in the wildlife sector contribute to reducing illegal wildlife trade in Kenya (UNEP/UNESCO)

66. The Outcome, as specified in the TOR can be declared an Objective:

• Objective 1: Kenya´s benefit from application of pro-poor and cross-sectoral CC adaptation and mitigation initiatives at national and sub-national levels

67. Impact: Kenya will have a transition to a low carbon climate resilient development pathway reducing the country´s vulnerability to climate risk and improving livelihoods while contributing towards the global efforts to reduce greenhouse gases emissions.

68. The Terminal Evaluation Report suggest renaming some Milestones (see ToC) as Outputs. 69. The Assumptions have been described in detail, only some of them are displayed in the ToC

below, while the TE recognizes all of them as equally important. 70. Displayed assumptions in the ToC is the continues security and stability in the target country,

that no resistance or new rules will be implemented at the county level, the willingness of the Ministry to adopt changes in planning and budget processes, that the government is willing to commit to the WCMB and will take quick measures for its implementation, which also requires an effective coordination channel between the national and the county level, as well as the assumption that the World Bank project on urban planning remains on-course.

71. Some Assumptions have been identified as Drivers:

• Willingness of country leadership to integrate the NCCAP recommendations into planning and budgeting processes

• There is going to be no resistance or new rules at the county level

• Introduction of improved kilns will not lead to increased charcoal production increasing pressure on forests

• Public transport is developed in tandem with NMT

• Investment in construction must be secure to ensure that final benefits are realized

• There is technical expertise to develop a feebate program

• Willingness of the Government to cooperate with the United Nations on these issues

• Local partners and national campaigns are able to reach concerned users in local communities

72. See the following page for a diagram of the reconstructed Theory of Change of this project based on the project evaluation.


19

Figure 4 Reconstructed Theory of Change at Evaluation

Impact:Kenyawillhaveatransitiontoalowcarbonclimateresilientdevelopmentpathwayreducingthecountry´svulnerabilityto

climateriskandimprovinglivelihoodswhilecontributingtowardstheglobaleffortstoreducegreenhousegasesemissions

OBJECTIVE

Kenya willbenefitfromapplicationofpro-poorandcross-sectoralClimateChangeadaptation

andmitigationinitiativesatnationalandsub-nationallevels

Outcome4

Lowcarbon

transportisincludedintheon-going

urbanplanningprocessesand

nationalpoliciesare

developedtopromoteimportation

ofcleaner,morefuelefficientvehicles

TOCatTE

Assumption:Existenceofeffectivecoordination

channelsbetw.Nationalandcountylevel

Assumption:Continuoussecurityand

stabilityinthecountry

Assumption:WillingnessoftheMinistrytoadopt

changesinplanningandbudgetprocesses

AdditionalObjectives

NCCAPcomponentswillbe

implemented

AdditionalObjectives

Upscalingofprogramswillbe

implemented

Drivers:Publictransportisdevelopedin

tandemwithNMT

Assumption:Noresistanceornew

rulesatthecountylevel

Output3.1

50Unitsofgreenbuildings

(2013)50Unitsofgreenbuildings

(2014)

Output4.2

Onenational

workshopheldLowcarbontransport

plansincorporatedintourbanplanning

Outcome5

Governancereforms

inthewildlifesectortoreduceillegal

wildlifetrade

Output5.1

Governmentreforms

assessedandapproved

Assumption:Governmentfullycommitstothe

WCMBandtakequickmeasuresfor

implementation

Output1.2

AwarenessofbenefitsfromCC

integrationachieved

Output1.1

Nationallevelguideline/procedure

approved

Output2.2

Accreditationcriteriaand

processesdeveloped50solarPVvendorsin5

majortownsadoptthevoluntarystandard

Output2.1

30charcoalproductionassociations

installefficientkilnsWood-charcoalconversionof50-60%

Output4.1

Vehicleemissionstandards

developedNational/regionalworkshop

organizedandmediacampaigntopromote

Output1.3

50officialsfromnational

institutionsand2pilotcountryadministrations

Outcome1

Pro-poorCCadaptionandmitigation

mainstreamedinnationalandsub-nationalplanningandbudgetingprocesses

Output2.3

Keystakeholdersidentifiedandmeetingsheld

NAMAPolicyframeworkdeveloped

Outcome2

Renewablesandsustainablebiomassproduction

promotedinaridandsemiaridlands

Outcome3

Greenbuildingsarepromoted

intheconstructionsectorwithassociatedbenefitsfor

employment,environmentalimprovement,socialequity

andeconomicprosperity

Output3.2

1000newjobscreated,500

qualityofjobsimproved(2013)

1000newjobscreatedand500qualityofjobs

enhanced(2014)

Drivers:Noresistance(ornewrules)at

countylevel

Drivers:Secureinvestmentinconstruction

toensurethatfinalbenefitsarerealized

Assumption:TheWorldBankprojecton

urbanplanningremainson-course

Drivers:Thereistechni9calexpertiseto

developafeebateprogram


21

III. EVALUATION FINDINGS

73. The evaluation focuses on the results of the five main outputs:

i. Pro-poor CC adaption and mitigation mainstreamed in national and sub-national planning and budgeting processes

ii. Renewables and sustainable biomass production promoted in arid and semi-arid lands

iii. Green buildings are promoted in the construction sector with associated benefits for employment, environmental improvement, social equity and economy prosperity

iv. Low carbon transport is included in the on-going urban planning processes and national policies are developed to promote importation of cleaner, more fuel-efficient vehicles

v. Governance reforms in the wildlife sector contribute to reducing illegal wildlife trade in Kenya

74. This will aim to assess if and how the planned outputs were produced and how they contributed to the envisaged outcomes.

75. The table below provides a short summary of the reported results under each outcome area along with evaluation comments and reflections from the project team and stakeholders on the quality of the outputs and their role in the relevant policy process.

Table 8: Evaluation Ratings

Highly Satisfactory (HS), Satisfactory (S), Moderately Satisfactory (MS); Moderately Unsatisfactory (MU); Unsatisfactory (U); Highly Unsatisfactory (HU). Sustainability is rated from Highly Likely (HL) down to Highly Unlikely (HU).

Criterion Summary Assessment Rating

A. Strategic

relevance

The project has covered some of the key areas of domestic climate policy in Kenya, delivered in a one-UN approach by five UN agencies, in which the relevant UN agencies are responsible for tasks that build on their respective strengths and mandates.

S


22


B. Achievement of

outputs

The project has delivered inputs into several policy outcomes, has provided trainings and facilitated policy dialogue across key policy areas, although at different levels of depth. Most planned outputs were delivered, but somewhere delivered later than initially planned (e.g. the wildlife policy and the SUMP), other were not delivered (e.g. the green buildings policy). Direct provision of technical content and support by UN staff can be faster and sometimes more effective than engagement of consultants, which often takes longer because of the procurement process. Joint procurement for all agencies of a pool of experts at the beginning of the project would help mitigating that.

MS

C. Effectiveness: Attainment of project objectives and results

Considering the complexity of the project and the relatively high political barriers for some of the proposed measures, the progress in most components was reasonable.

S

1. Achievement of direct outcomes

The project has delivered inputs into several policy outcomes, has provided trainings and facilitated policy dialogue across key policy areas, although at different levels of depth. The project informed several policies in the respective policy areas, which can be considered as an achievement of the desired outcomes although the causal relationship between the project activities and policies is not clear. Desired outcomes have not been achieved fully in all components and continued engagement is needed.

MS

2. Likelihood of impact

The United Nations agencies were considered to come with a competitive advantage with regard to government and policy relationships. While there was active interaction with government entities in several components, the project may not have risen to the level of prominence in the respective agencies as the components were then comparatively small, which may have affected the ability of senior management staff to actively engage in the project and the policy dialogue. This is also because resources were largely needed to develop technical content. The focus of the project was mostly on policy support, capacity building, awareness raising and dialogue, which can create a basis for implementation action. Teaming up with other implementation support initiatives in the relevant sectors and within the StARCK+ program would help to improve the likelihood of impact.

ML

3. Achievement of project goal and planned objectives

The project achieved most of its goals, but some specific targets (e.g. the creation of jobs were not tracked by the project), which limits the ability to assess the achievement of goals largely to the delivery of outputs.

MS


23


A larger common vision for the project as a whole could have provided more focus to the individual components and could have helped linking the project better to other StARCK+ funded projects.

D. Sustainability and replication

Stakeholders and government officials have emphasised the value of Institutional capacity building and would like to see continuity in this. Capacity building efforts should not stop with the development of policy advice or even with the adoption of policies, but should continue during the implementation and enforcement of policies. Supporting the development of policies and their implementation is considered to be a highly relevant and useful contribution of the project to government operations. However, supporting the next level in the policy implementation process of was equally relevant. With regard to the timeliness of policy advice, several stakeholders mentioned that support could not always be provided as swiftly as it may have been desirable. Occasionally the processes within the government and within the UN are not in sync, which means that the demand for advice and the supply of advice are not always aligned and that time can be wasted in the administrative process, e.g. to hire a consultant.

ML

1. Financial Funding from DFID covered all project components and additional donors are being approached for follow-up activities to continue several of the project activities.

L

2. Socio-political The National Climate Change Action Plan and the Climate Change Act (2016) are setting an ideal policy framework at the national level for which implementation action support can be provided in a targeted and impactful manner.

L

3. Institutional framework

Most components were reasonably well embedded into national institutions and frameworks. However, closer exchange and dialogue with political and administrative counterparts would be vital for the continuity that is needed to pursue long-term policy change.

ML

4. Environmental Many of the project components have the potential to generate short and long-term environmental benefits in addition to the contribution to climate change mitigation. Quantifying the potential direct and indirect effects of the proposed measures, in particular with regard to CO2 emission reductions would be a highly relevant added value, which would have strengthened the case for the proposed measures in the project components.

L

5. Catalytic role and replication

The project sees its primary role informing policy change at the national, county and local level and the work programme was designed to reflect that. While some components have initiated a broader policy change (e.g. budget coding, charcoal, transport and wildlife), the catalytic role of the project is only moderate

MS


24


and may require additional follow-up to ensure wider replication and roll-out of concepts.

E. Efficiency The coordination and management from the side of UNDP was considered to be efficient by other UN agencies. There was active government engagement in several of the project components. However, this was often limited to the working level with active political engagement being limited to only some components.

The project provided a useful opportunity to link local and national government levels, along with civil society and businesses across several relevant sectors. Considering the variety of tasks and stakeholders it is challenging to seek interlinkages, bit for similar future activities it may be an option to set-up dedicated task that aims to foster interdisciplinary exchange, which contribute to a broader picture on the UN mandate, seeking synergies within the UN agencies and providing a higher profile of the project.

S

F. Factors affecting project performance

Government and civil society stakeholders play a very active role in the delivery of the project components. A closer political engagement by the UN agencies

S

Overall project rating

MS

III. RECOMMENDATIONS

76. The evaluation focused on the 3-year duration of the UN Joint Project. The country relevant for this project under evaluation is Kenya, along with the five dedicated outcomes: Pro-poor Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation, Renewables and sustainable biomass production promotion, green buildings promotion in the construction sector.

77. Evaluation findings and recommendations are based on evidence gathered through interviews with the project team and analysis of project documents. These findings are verified through interviews with relevant stakeholders and relevant background documents.

78. Interviews with stakeholders and the review of documentation have shown that this project is in line with the respective UN agencies mandate. Several stakeholders mentioned that they did feel that this project was delivered by the UN agencies in a one-UN approach and they appreciated the agencies’ expertise.

79. The project and its five components have the potential to make an important contribution to climate change mitigation and adaptation policy and implementation action in Kenya

80. The following recommendations build on the results of the five main outputs and reflect on the findings of the evaluation


25

Figure 5 Key Recommendations


26

Recommendation 1. Structured approach towards implementation

Context: There are great opportunities which can be unlocked by each of the project components for climate change mitigation, adaptation, poverty alleviation, wildlife, job creation and other sustainable development objectives. A vital aspect in this is the adoption of new and improved policies and a continued policy dialogue to support the implementation of comprehensive policy package to address climate, energy, buildings, transport and wildlife policy. Analysing the context in which policy and implementation actions were developed and reflecting on this can help the various governance levels in Kenya, but also other countries to understand the policy up-take process. Building on the learnings to replicate the efforts of the project can be useful for the work of the participating UN agencies in Kenya and beyond. This could feed into implementation guidelines that cover experiences from the policy development and integration and the policy process aspects.

Recommendation #1 A structured common policy and implementation approach would be useful for similar projects in general, but in particular for Joint UN Projects to maximise synergies, learnings and foster an impact driven approach. This should take into consideration issues around taking a successful policy, building on international experiences and the project learning. A structured approach can provide an opportunity to learn from valuable project experiences, identifying opportunities and avoiding mistakes.

The success in developing and implementing measures depends on the interaction of the policies and characteristics of the respective policy environments. A structured approach can include the following steps all of which require a close cooperation with political and administrative decision makers at the relevant level of government (local, county, national or a combination thereof):

1. Formulation of a mission statement and policy goals,

2. Identification of concrete objectives and targets

3. Selection of policy measures (integrated package)

4. Prioritization and phasing of measures

5. Impact assessment of single measures and measures in combination

6. Analysis of the policy environment

7. Identification of key political and institutional actors, and stakeholders

8. Coalition building and stakeholder engagement strategy

9. Policy implementation (incl. support during legislation and enforcement)

10. Monitoring and evaluation of the policies adopted

The project includes several of these aspects, but a more structured approach may help the relevant UN agencies to provide targeted support, provides even clearer guidance to local policy partners and supporting consultants and may contribute to improved outcomes and impacts.


27

Recommendation 2. Policy integration and packaging

Context: The project focused on a variety of planning, policy and pilot project measures to contribute to climate policy in Kenya. The project acknowledges that additional measures are vital to deliver on the desired outcomes and has worked with other projects and StARCK+ components, but there is potential for closer coordination and integration into the wider field of international cooperation on climate change issues in Kenya and the relevant policy framework.

Recommendation #2 Isolated policy measures may help with the first steps towards the desired outcomes in the respective policy areas, but an integrated package of measures addressing climate, energy, buildings, transport and where possible wildlife policy would be beneficial to achieve substantial long-term impacts and priorities implementation action by focusing on the high impact measures first. The selection of policies is in the hands of the relevant levels of government in Kenya. However, the project should continue to highlight the role of key measures and their potential to deliver on sustainable development objectives, wherever possible this should be quantified to strengthen the case for action.

The project components and the work that may follow from this project could cooperate more actively with institutions and initiatives working on related policy issues and projects. This would bring together a cluster of initiatives and strengthen the argument for policy action. The United Nations are ideally placed to facilitate the coordination of relevant projects and initiatives to create synergies and avoid duplication.

Recommendation 3. Plan for a long-term engagement

Context: A long-term engagement and continued dialogue beyond the phase of this project is necessary to achieve long-term impacts in the relevant policy areas in Kenya and to make an active contribution to the National Climate Change Action Plan. The project components and the participating UN organisations should take a longer-term approach and some of them do that already, which is very positive and the growing number of country cases will contribute to a growing body of knowledge and experiences that can be shared. The global roll-out and expansion of in-country support to many countries should not come at the expense of the level of depth though.

Recommendation #3 A dedicated gap analysis may help to identify the strength and weaknesses in the existing policy framework, which would help to provide continued targeted policy advice in the respective policy areas and continued support for relevant projects. Close engagement with funding agencies to identify funding resources would be required for this.


28

Recommendation 4. Facilitate high-level policy dialogue and peer-learning

Context: While advice from local consultants is important to provide technical inputs into the project, it would be highly valuable for UN agencies to have a stronger role in the policy process and dialogue. The convening powered of the UN is a great advantage that can help significantly in the policy process, e.g. by supporting coalitions building and seeking funding for implementation. Practical examples from other countries may provide the essential insights to succeed in an implementation process and may sometimes even provide the initial motivation to try a policy measure that otherwise might have been considered to be not feasible or appropriate. Experiences from other UN projects and partners can feed into a peer-learning process, which can be an efficient and useful approach to improve upon the implementation of efficiency measures. Involved countries will not only see best practice examples first-hand, they can also discuss how they were implemented.

Recommendation #4 Policy dialogue and peer learning could be facilitated by the relevant UN agencies and could assist in the coalition building, exchange and implementation process. This could include small implementation teams consisting of counter-parts working on policy similar initiatives and supported by the UN and local knowledge partners in Kenya and other countries where the UN agencies are working on similar issues. Countries can serve as both mentor, hosting and showing its best-practice measure, and mentee, learning from other countries and their best-practice measures. A more structured and longer-term partnership in the policy dialogue and capacity building process can focus on specific technical issues, but even more importantly on practical issues related to the policy process (e.g. legislation, stakeholder engagement, media relations, financing and coalition building).

Recommendation 5. Deliver projects as One-UN

Context: One of the key aspects that led to the structure of this project from the perspective of the funding agency was the idea to utilise the convening power, but also the thematic expertise of different UN agencies under one umbrella. This is very much in line with the UN reform process to deliver as one.

Recommendation #5 To deliver on the “Deliver as One” objective and to react on demands from funding agencies and partner governments the UN agencies need to streamline their processes in Kenya (and other countries of operation). This applies to the level of programmes and projects, systems and procurement processes, budget, project management and quality control. While the broader reform process across the UN may take longer, innovative projects such as this (or similar follow-up projects) can aim to move ahead, which helps showing the benefits of an integrated UN country-team approach internally, governments, stakeholders and funding agencies.


29

ANNEXES

Annex 1. List of individuals consulted

NAME INSTITUTION/ROLE Meeting

Mr. Stephen Kinguyu Focal Point - NCCS Meeting on 15 June

Mr. David Kiboi Focal Point - Ministry of Devolution and Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation Department

Responded on 8 June

Mr. Peter Odhengo Focal Point – The National Treasury Met in Nairobi, followed up by a phone conversation

Dr. James Kimondo KEFRI – work around charcoal Discussion via Skype on 12 June Dr. Nellie Oduor KEFRI – work around charcoal

Cliff KEREA Solar PV work Meet on 14th June (3rd floor, Strathmore Business School) Kristen Wanyama KEREA – solar PV work

Dr. Sabita Thapa Climate Change Adviser DFID Kenya & Somalia, British High Commission

Meeting on 14 and 15 June

Noelle O’Brien DFID/FICCF Meeting on 14 and 15 June

Deborah Murphy DFID/FICCF

Mr. David Githaiga Focal Point UNDP Team Leader – Energy, Environment and

Climate Change Units

Met and discussed the project

Vitalice Fredrick Ochieng

UNESCO Focal Point Meeting on 16 June

Mr. Henry Ndede UNEP Kenya Country Programme Survey sent, no feedback yet.

Mr. Levis Kavagi UNEP Wildlife Work Responded on 6 June

Ms. Bianca Narbataloo Focal Point – Wildlife Work Documents received Survey sent

Mr. Rob de Jong UNEP Transport Met and discussed the project, survey sent and received Ms. Jane Akumu UNEP Focal Point – Transport Work

Mr. Debashish Bhattacharjee

Focal Point Met and discussed the project, survey sent and received

Ms. Rahab Mundara UNHABITAT

Ms. Alice Mwaisaka ILO National Project Coordinator Survey sent, Meeting on 16 June


30

Annex 2. Documents reviewed for the evaluation report

1. Project Document and Log Frame Analysis 2. Annual Work Plan 2015 & 2016 3. Implementing/Executing Partner arrangements 4. List and contact of details of project staff, key project stakeholders, including Project Boards,

and other partners to be consulted 5. Minutes of the Project Steering Committee (2014) 6. Minutes of the Project Steering Committee (2015) 7. Minutes of the Project Steering Committee (2016) 8. Annual reporting 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017 9. Project budget 10. Fund Transfer Request 11. Sample of project communications materials, i.e. press releases, brochures, documentaries

etc. 12. Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) 13. Country Programme Document (CPD) 14. UNDP Strategic Plan 15. Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMA) for the Charcoal Sector in Kenya, 2017 16. Kenya Climate Public Expenditure and Budget Review, 2016 17. How Kenya can transform the charcoal sector and create new opportunities for low-carbon

rural development, Stockholm Environment Institute, UNDP, 2016 18. Sustainable Charcoal Production Technologies in Kenya: The Case of Kwale, Narok and Taita

Taveta Counties, 2016 19. The National Wildlife Conservation and Management Policy, Ministry of Environment and

Natural Resources, 2017. 20. Issue Paper, Oguge, N., Odote, C., Agwata, J., Anyango, S., Nyukuri, E., Mulwa, r., Centre for

Advanced studies in Environmental Law and Policy, 2017. 21. Revision of the National Wildlife Conservation Meeting and Management Policy, Workshop

Report from Stakeholder Consultative Meeting at the Morendat Conference, Centre for Advanced Studies in Environmental Law and Policy, 2017.

22. Revision of the National Wildlife Conservation and Management, Policy, Centre for Advanced Studies in Environmental Law and Policy, 2017.

23. Revision of the National Wildlife Conservation and Management Policy, Peer Review Workshop Report, Centre for Advanced Studies in Environmental Law and Policy, 2017.


31

Annex 3: Planned budget and expenditures

Expected Output

Planned Activity Sub-activities Responsible Party

Source of Funds

Indicative inputs

Amount Total (USD)

Amount last period 16-17

Output 1 Pro-poor CC adaption and mitigation mainstreamed in national and sub-national planning and budgeting processes

1.1 Climate Public Expenditure and Budget Review Studies

a) Recruitment of Consultants

b) CPEBR Study

c) CPEBR Study

d) Workshops to review the CPEBR report

e) Missions and workshops in 2 countries

f) National Workshop to validate the CPEBR report

g) Printing and Dissemination of the report

UNDP UNEP, UNDESA, UNDP

Consultancy, subsistence, workshops

200,000 8,000

1.2 Training of staff in pro-poor CC A&M budgeting and planning

h) Conduct 3 workshops in 3 national government

i) Conduct 4 county training workshops

j) Technical assistance

UNDP DFID Workshops and subsistence

100,000 10,000


32

1.3 Support to 2 MTEF sector working groups

k) Production of briefing notes, training manuals

l) Production of briefing notes, training manuals

UNDP DFID Consultancy, workshops, printing

35,000

1.4 Identification and adoption of climate change adaptation and mitigation indictors in MTP II monitoring system

m) Recruitment of consultant

n) Indicator study undertaken

o) Two workshops on NIMES indicators for NCCAP monitoring

p) Study on expenditure and progress reporting against NCCAP

UNDP DFID 117,265 30,000

1.5 Support to the PMU

(Programme Management)

q) Remuneration of the Project Officer

r) PSC meetings and related workshops

s) Terminal Evaluation

UNDP PEI Salary, workshops, printing

60,000 30,000

Output 2

Renewables and sustainable biomass production promoted in

2.1 Study for development of a NAMA outline for sustainable charcoal production in Kenya

a) Recruitment of a consultancy firm to conduct the NAMA Study

b) Stakeholder workshops

c) NAMA study validation workshop

UNDP DFID Consultancy, subsistence, workshops

80,000 10,000


33

Arid and semiarid Lands

e) Stakeholder sensitization and training workshops

2.2 Support to solar PV vendors to enable provision of good quality solar PV products

f) Development of accreditation criteria and processes

g) 5 regional consultative workshops to present and refine developed criteria to stakeholders

h) Promoting the developed voluntary accreditation system to 100 solar PV vendors in 5 towns

UNDP, KEREA

DFID Consultancy and workshops, Travel, subsistence

70,000

2.3 Charcoal producing associations at the county level formalize their leadership and governance structures

i) Implementation of auditing and testing process for first set of 50 interested vendors

UNDP DFID Consultancy, travel, subsistence

23,836

j) rapid need assessments of participatory development of intervention

k) Training of identified Charcoal Producer Associations (CPAs)

l) Introduction and demonstration of appropriate energy efficient kilns

m) Outreach and marketing

UNDP, KFS, KFRI, Taita Taveta Co/ Government Machacos Co

DFID 80,000


34

Output 3

Green buildings are promoted in the construction sector with associated benefits for employment, environmental improvement, social equity and economic prosperity

3.1 Conduct 3 media campaigns reaching at least 50,000 people

a) develop a national media campaign

b) Assess and identify potential media partners

c) Sensitize and build capacity of identified media partners to develop appropriate content for dissemination

d) Partner with identified media partners to implement the media campaign strategy

ILO, UNEP, UN-Habitat, COTU/FKE

External Collaborators

DFID Consultancy, talk-show, workshops, subsistence, radio campaigns, tv shows, newspaper

76,000 15,000

3.2 Conduct sector stakeholder awareness campaign on green building principles

e) Conduct a situation analysis on sector in Kenya

f) Document a business case

g) Measure the change in level of appreciation on building principles

ILO, UNEP, UN-Habitat, FKE/DOTU-KAM

DFID Mapping exercise, awareness and exchange forums, perception change surveys

50,000

3.3 Support drafting of national and county policy framework on green building

h) Facilitate the formation of a policy review steering committee

i) Conduct an assessment of existing policy framework in the building and construction sector

j) Develop recommendations and guidelines to facilitate dialogue

ILO, UNEP, UN-Habitat, MLHUD, MEWNR, MOLSSS

DFID Committee Meetings, Stakeholder meetings, validation workshop, dissemination

30,000 5,000


35

on policy change in greening the building and construction industry and promoting the decent work agenda

workshops, subsistence

3.4 Construction/retrofitting of three demonstration unis, replicated into at least 50 green buildings

k) Identify opportunities and build partnerships for developing demonstration units

l) Contribute to the development of new/retrofitted green building demonstration units

m) Partner with developers for replication of green building models

ILO, UNEP, UN-Habitat, NCA, AAK, NHC, Members of COTU/FKE in the building industry

DFID Materials purchase, Technical support

134,826

3.5 Build the capacity of 500 MSMEs in green construction value chain

n) Conduct a needs assessment survey for training and capacity building of the MSMEs, workers and their associations in green building

o) Review and adopt relevant existing tools for green construction and working conditions

p) Facilitate training and capacity building of MSMEs, workers and associations using the adopted tools and improving working conditions

ILO, UNEP, UN-Habitat, COTU/FKE, MSEA, MOL, DOSH, DIT

DFID Mapping, workshops, subsistence, printing, materials development

54,000


36

q) Conduct follow-up survey to measure results of training and capacity building

Output 4

Low carbon transport is included in the on-going urban planning processes and policies are developed to promote importation of cleaner, more fuel efficient vehicles in Kenya

4.1 Provide technical expertise on urban mobility planning for the selected county/countries under the World Bank NuTRIP and NaMSIP programmes

a) Selection of the counties to be supported and review of their urban plans

b) Technical support on preparing Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans for the selected urban area

c) Carry out at least 5 training for the selected urban areas on preparation of SUMP using Rapid Assessment methodology

KURA/County Government

FIA Foundation, UNEP

58,000 20,414

4.2 Support development of integrated urban transport strategies at national level

d) Technical expertise to prepare draft policies/legislation on integrated urban transport

e) Support one national workshop to present the draft policies and present Sustainable Urban Mobility Strategies and NMT policy guidelines

f) Develop, print and distribute policy recommendation to stakeholders

40,414 20,000


37

4.3 Develop a tax system for Kenya on cleaner vehicles importation

g) Support the development of a tax structure and incentives to promote import of cleaner vehicles

h) Support one international technical dialogue to present the tax proposal and other incentives

i) Support the printing and on-line version of the policy recommendation on cleaner vehicles

Energy Regulatory Commission, The National Treasury, University of Nairobi, International Council on Clean Transportation

DFID, EU, GEF, UNEP

Workshops, consultancy, printing

40,000 TBC

4.4 Support the dissemination of the recommendations on cleaner vehicles

j) Organization an inter-ministerial policy session for decision makers

k) Support the preparation of cleaner vehicle standards

l) Conduct 1 East African training on the tax structure and other incentives to promote import of cleaner vehicles

Energy Regulatory Commission, The National Treasury, University of Nairobi

DFID, EU, GEF, UNEP

Workshops, travel, subsistence, consultancy

34,000 TBC

Output 5

Governance reforms in the wildlife sector contribute to reducing

5.1 Support to implementing priority recommendations from the Inter-Agency Wildlife Security Task Force Report and other

a) Support GoK in convening inter-agency meetings to identify and initiate collaboration on implementing agreed priority recommendations of the Inter-

UNEP, UNESCO

DFID Workshops 97,000


38

illegal wildlife trade in Kenya

coordination efforts at national level

Agency Wildlife Security Task Force Report

b) Review of early indication and implementation results of Wilflife Conservation Mangement Bill

c) Conduct stakeholder consultations with representatives from civil society to support engagement in national coordination efforts

d) Plan joint training workshop session including government officials, civil society and private sector for sensitization

5.2 Capacity development for prosecutors and judges/magistrates

e) review of existing laws and processes to identify issue and regional areas of weak implementation

f) Development and compilation of at least 2 tools to support intelligence-based national enforcement efforts, incl. standard operating procedures and sentencing guidelines for wildlife crime

g) Capacity development workshops for selected prosecutor4s/judges/magistrates based on above reviews and tools development

UNEP, UNESCO

DFID Workshops and consultancy

118,827 8,000


39

5.3 Development of overarching campaign and communications products to support national and international efforts

h) Raising profile of GoK´s efforts to address IWT

i) Targeted media partnerships to support dissemination

j) Leverage existing and potential high profile personalities and UNEP Goodwill Ambassadors

k) Build strategic alliances with private sector and NGO´s

l) Review of alternative livelihood opportunities linked to wildlife trafficking and shared benefits from wildlife could be improved

UNESCO, UNEP

DFID Preparation of communication support, social media, public service announcement

129,000 45,000

1,896,551.72 153,000

110,000

2,006,551.72


41

Annex 5. Brief CV of the evaluator

Oliver Lah is a senior researcher at the Wuppertal Institute and focuses on governance, climate change mitigation policy analysis and sustainable urban development. Oliver is active in a number of projects focusing on sustainable development and climate action in Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America and leads the urban mobility SOLUTIONS network and the Urban Electric Mobility Initiative (UEMI). Oliver worked with international organisations, such as the OECD/ITF, UN-Habitat, UNEP and GIZ and was a Lead Author for the Fifth IPCC Assessment Report and was a member of the Habitat III Policy Unit on Urban Services and Technology. He teaches at the universities of Berlin and Rotterdam and coordinates the non-profit Climate Action Implementation Facility, which works on capacity building and provides project implementation support. Prior to that Oliver worked for the New Zealand government, the University of Munich and the Minister of State to the German Federal Chancellor. He holds a Bachelor of Arts with Honours in Political Science, and a Master of Environmental Studies from Victoria University of Wellington.