MOTIVATIONS, TACIT AND EXPLICIT KNOWLEDGE

I203 Social and Organizational Issues of Info

Tacit and Explicit Knowledge

2(Taken from http://www.libsuite.com/know_management.htm)

Knowledge Forms

Explicit Knowledge Reproduced

through codes, language, symbols

Tacit Knowledge Reproduced

through action-based skills

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Tacit and Explicit Knowledge in IT

“Codified Knowledge” in Information and Communication Technologies Synonym for explicit knowledge: can be

translated and articulated in formal language or symbols.

“Communities of Practice” Geographically dispersed professionals (often in

different fields) who share common practices and interests in a particular area.

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Comparing Explicit and Tacit Knowledge

Consider Information Transfer: By example, how does explicit knowledge

function in an organization?

And tacit knowledge?

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Uninvention of Nuclear Weapons (MacKenzie and Spinardi)

Can the difficulties associated with transferring tacit knowledge actually lead to the “uninvention” of technologies?

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http://tinyurl.com/dcma7z

Motivations for Transferring Knowledge (Osterloh and Frey)

Intrinsic motivation Satisfies one’s own

immediate needs Advantages and

disadvantages?

Extrinsic motivation Indirect

compensation of needs

Advantages and disadvantages?

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“Crowding Effect” on Motivation

Crowding Effect

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Psychological Processes

Cognitive Evaluation Theory: Locus of Control Intrinsic motivation is tied to control

over one’s actions. If the impetus for an action depends on external rewards, the control is shifted to the outside (undermines our self-determination)

Psychological Processes (continued)

Psychology of Contracts and Reciprocity Exchange relationships have socio-emotional

aspects as well as utilitarian benefits.

From Social Exchange Theory: Reciprocal exchange has both instrumental

value as well as communicative or symbolic value

Crowding out vs. Crowding in

Adwords and Blogging…

Monetary rewards and open source development…

Other examples of “Crowding Out” and/or “Crowding In”?

Motivational and Knowledge Requirements in Organizational Forms

Tacit KnowledgeTacit Knowledge Explicit KnowledgeExplicit Knowledge

Intrinsic Intrinsic MotivationMotivation

Knowledge-Knowledge-based teamsbased teams

Knowledge Knowledge producing teamsproducing teams

Extrinsic Extrinsic MotivationMotivation

Independent Independent knowledge knowledge workersworkers

Profit centers, Profit centers,

spin-offsspin-offs

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